Fix copyright notices
[deliverable/binutils-gdb.git] / gas / cgen.c
1 /* GAS interface for targets using CGEN: Cpu tools GENerator.
2 Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4
5 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
6
7 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
10 any later version.
11
12 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
16
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
19 Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
20
21 #include <setjmp.h>
22 #include "ansidecl.h"
23 #include "libiberty.h"
24 #include "bfd.h"
25 #include "symcat.h"
26 #include "cgen-desc.h"
27 #include "as.h"
28 #include "subsegs.h"
29 #include "cgen.h"
30 #include "dwarf2dbg.h"
31
32 /* Opcode table descriptor, must be set by md_begin. */
33
34 CGEN_CPU_DESC gas_cgen_cpu_desc;
35
36 /* Callback to insert a register into the symbol table.
37 A target may choose to let GAS parse the registers.
38 ??? Not currently used. */
39
40 void
41 cgen_asm_record_register (name, number)
42 char *name;
43 int number;
44 {
45 /* Use symbol_create here instead of symbol_new so we don't try to
46 output registers into the object file's symbol table. */
47 symbol_table_insert (symbol_create (name, reg_section,
48 number, &zero_address_frag));
49 }
50
51 /* We need to keep a list of fixups. We can't simply generate them as
52 we go, because that would require us to first create the frag, and
53 that would screw up references to ``.''.
54
55 This is used by cpu's with simple operands. It keeps knowledge of what
56 an `expressionS' is and what a `fixup' is out of CGEN which for the time
57 being is preferable.
58
59 OPINDEX is the index in the operand table.
60 OPINFO is something the caller chooses to help in reloc determination. */
61
62 struct fixup {
63 int opindex;
64 int opinfo;
65 expressionS exp;
66 };
67
68 static struct fixup fixups[GAS_CGEN_MAX_FIXUPS];
69 static int num_fixups;
70
71 /* Prepare to parse an instruction.
72 ??? May wish to make this static and delete calls in md_assemble. */
73
74 void
75 gas_cgen_init_parse ()
76 {
77 num_fixups = 0;
78 }
79
80 /* Queue a fixup. */
81
82 static void
83 queue_fixup (opindex, opinfo, expP)
84 int opindex;
85 int opinfo;
86 expressionS * expP;
87 {
88 /* We need to generate a fixup for this expression. */
89 if (num_fixups >= GAS_CGEN_MAX_FIXUPS)
90 as_fatal (_("too many fixups"));
91 fixups[num_fixups].exp = *expP;
92 fixups[num_fixups].opindex = opindex;
93 fixups[num_fixups].opinfo = opinfo;
94 ++ num_fixups;
95 }
96
97 /* The following three functions allow a backup of the fixup chain to be made,
98 and to have this backup be swapped with the current chain. This allows
99 certain ports, eg the m32r, to swap two instructions and swap their fixups
100 at the same time. */
101 /* ??? I think with cgen_asm_finish_insn (or something else) there is no
102 more need for this. */
103
104 static struct fixup saved_fixups[GAS_CGEN_MAX_FIXUPS];
105 static int saved_num_fixups;
106
107 void
108 gas_cgen_save_fixups ()
109 {
110 saved_num_fixups = num_fixups;
111
112 memcpy (saved_fixups, fixups, sizeof (fixups[0]) * num_fixups);
113
114 num_fixups = 0;
115 }
116
117 void
118 gas_cgen_restore_fixups ()
119 {
120 num_fixups = saved_num_fixups;
121
122 memcpy (fixups, saved_fixups, sizeof (fixups[0]) * num_fixups);
123
124 saved_num_fixups = 0;
125 }
126
127 void
128 gas_cgen_swap_fixups ()
129 {
130 int tmp;
131 struct fixup tmp_fixup;
132
133 if (num_fixups == 0)
134 {
135 gas_cgen_restore_fixups ();
136 }
137 else if (saved_num_fixups == 0)
138 {
139 gas_cgen_save_fixups ();
140 }
141 else
142 {
143 tmp = saved_num_fixups;
144 saved_num_fixups = num_fixups;
145 num_fixups = tmp;
146
147 for (tmp = GAS_CGEN_MAX_FIXUPS; tmp--;)
148 {
149 tmp_fixup = saved_fixups [tmp];
150 saved_fixups [tmp] = fixups [tmp];
151 fixups [tmp] = tmp_fixup;
152 }
153 }
154 }
155
156 /* Default routine to record a fixup.
157 This is a cover function to fix_new.
158 It exists because we record INSN with the fixup.
159
160 FRAG and WHERE are their respective arguments to fix_new_exp.
161 LENGTH is in bits.
162 OPINFO is something the caller chooses to help in reloc determination.
163
164 At this point we do not use a bfd_reloc_code_real_type for
165 operands residing in the insn, but instead just use the
166 operand index. This lets us easily handle fixups for any
167 operand type. We pick a BFD reloc type in md_apply_fix. */
168
169 fixS *
170 gas_cgen_record_fixup (frag, where, insn, length, operand, opinfo, symbol, offset)
171 fragS * frag;
172 int where;
173 const CGEN_INSN * insn;
174 int length;
175 const CGEN_OPERAND * operand;
176 int opinfo;
177 symbolS * symbol;
178 offsetT offset;
179 {
180 fixS *fixP;
181
182 /* It may seem strange to use operand->attrs and not insn->attrs here,
183 but it is the operand that has a pc relative relocation. */
184
185 fixP = fix_new (frag, where, length / 8, symbol, offset,
186 CGEN_OPERAND_ATTR_VALUE (operand, CGEN_OPERAND_PCREL_ADDR),
187 (bfd_reloc_code_real_type)
188 ((int) BFD_RELOC_UNUSED
189 + (int) operand->type));
190 fixP->fx_cgen.insn = insn;
191 fixP->fx_cgen.opinfo = opinfo;
192
193 return fixP;
194 }
195
196 /* Default routine to record a fixup given an expression.
197 This is a cover function to fix_new_exp.
198 It exists because we record INSN with the fixup.
199
200 FRAG and WHERE are their respective arguments to fix_new_exp.
201 LENGTH is in bits.
202 OPINFO is something the caller chooses to help in reloc determination.
203
204 At this point we do not use a bfd_reloc_code_real_type for
205 operands residing in the insn, but instead just use the
206 operand index. This lets us easily handle fixups for any
207 operand type. We pick a BFD reloc type in md_apply_fix. */
208
209 fixS *
210 gas_cgen_record_fixup_exp (frag, where, insn, length, operand, opinfo, exp)
211 fragS * frag;
212 int where;
213 const CGEN_INSN * insn;
214 int length;
215 const CGEN_OPERAND * operand;
216 int opinfo;
217 expressionS * exp;
218 {
219 fixS *fixP;
220
221 /* It may seem strange to use operand->attrs and not insn->attrs here,
222 but it is the operand that has a pc relative relocation. */
223
224 fixP = fix_new_exp (frag, where, length / 8, exp,
225 CGEN_OPERAND_ATTR_VALUE (operand, CGEN_OPERAND_PCREL_ADDR),
226 (bfd_reloc_code_real_type)
227 ((int) BFD_RELOC_UNUSED
228 + (int) operand->type));
229 fixP->fx_cgen.insn = insn;
230 fixP->fx_cgen.opinfo = opinfo;
231
232 return fixP;
233 }
234
235 /* Used for communication between the next two procedures. */
236 static jmp_buf expr_jmp_buf;
237 static int expr_jmp_buf_p;
238
239 /* Callback for cgen interface. Parse the expression at *STRP.
240 The result is an error message or NULL for success (in which case
241 *STRP is advanced past the parsed text).
242 WANT is an indication of what the caller is looking for.
243 If WANT == CGEN_ASM_PARSE_INIT the caller is beginning to try to match
244 a table entry with the insn, reset the queued fixups counter.
245 An enum cgen_parse_operand_result is stored in RESULTP.
246 OPINDEX is the operand's table entry index.
247 OPINFO is something the caller chooses to help in reloc determination.
248 The resulting value is stored in VALUEP. */
249
250 const char *
251 gas_cgen_parse_operand (cd, want, strP, opindex, opinfo, resultP, valueP)
252 CGEN_CPU_DESC cd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
253 enum cgen_parse_operand_type want;
254 const char **strP;
255 int opindex;
256 int opinfo;
257 enum cgen_parse_operand_result *resultP;
258 bfd_vma *valueP;
259 {
260 #ifdef __STDC__
261 /* These are volatile to survive the setjmp. */
262 char * volatile hold;
263 enum cgen_parse_operand_result * volatile resultP_1;
264 #else
265 static char *hold;
266 static enum cgen_parse_operand_result *resultP_1;
267 #endif
268 const char *errmsg = NULL;
269 expressionS exp;
270
271 if (want == CGEN_PARSE_OPERAND_INIT)
272 {
273 gas_cgen_init_parse ();
274 return NULL;
275 }
276
277 resultP_1 = resultP;
278 hold = input_line_pointer;
279 input_line_pointer = (char *) *strP;
280
281 /* We rely on md_operand to longjmp back to us.
282 This is done via gas_cgen_md_operand. */
283 if (setjmp (expr_jmp_buf) != 0)
284 {
285 expr_jmp_buf_p = 0;
286 input_line_pointer = (char *) hold;
287 *resultP_1 = CGEN_PARSE_OPERAND_RESULT_ERROR;
288 return "illegal operand";
289 }
290
291 expr_jmp_buf_p = 1;
292 expression (&exp);
293 expr_jmp_buf_p = 0;
294
295 *strP = input_line_pointer;
296 input_line_pointer = hold;
297
298 /* FIXME: Need to check `want'. */
299
300 switch (exp.X_op)
301 {
302 case O_illegal:
303 errmsg = _("illegal operand");
304 *resultP = CGEN_PARSE_OPERAND_RESULT_ERROR;
305 break;
306 case O_absent:
307 errmsg = _("missing operand");
308 *resultP = CGEN_PARSE_OPERAND_RESULT_ERROR;
309 break;
310 case O_constant:
311 *valueP = exp.X_add_number;
312 *resultP = CGEN_PARSE_OPERAND_RESULT_NUMBER;
313 break;
314 case O_register:
315 *valueP = exp.X_add_number;
316 *resultP = CGEN_PARSE_OPERAND_RESULT_REGISTER;
317 break;
318 default:
319 queue_fixup (opindex, opinfo, &exp);
320 *valueP = 0;
321 *resultP = CGEN_PARSE_OPERAND_RESULT_QUEUED;
322 break;
323 }
324
325 return errmsg;
326 }
327
328 /* md_operand handler to catch unrecognized expressions and halt the
329 parsing process so the next entry can be tried.
330
331 ??? This could be done differently by adding code to `expression'. */
332
333 void
334 gas_cgen_md_operand (expressionP)
335 expressionS *expressionP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
336 {
337 /* Don't longjmp if we're not called from within cgen_parse_operand(). */
338 if (expr_jmp_buf_p)
339 longjmp (expr_jmp_buf, 1);
340 }
341
342 /* Finish assembling instruction INSN.
343 BUF contains what we've built up so far.
344 LENGTH is the size of the insn in bits.
345 RELAX_P is non-zero if relaxable insns should be emitted as such.
346 Otherwise they're emitted in non-relaxable forms.
347 The "result" is stored in RESULT if non-NULL. */
348
349 void
350 gas_cgen_finish_insn (insn, buf, length, relax_p, result)
351 const CGEN_INSN *insn;
352 CGEN_INSN_BYTES_PTR buf;
353 unsigned int length;
354 int relax_p;
355 finished_insnS *result;
356 {
357 int i;
358 int relax_operand;
359 char *f;
360 unsigned int byte_len = length / 8;
361
362 /* ??? Target foo issues various warnings here, so one might want to provide
363 a hook here. However, our caller is defined in tc-foo.c so there
364 shouldn't be a need for a hook. */
365
366 /* Write out the instruction.
367 It is important to fetch enough space in one call to `frag_more'.
368 We use (f - frag_now->fr_literal) to compute where we are and we
369 don't want frag_now to change between calls.
370
371 Relaxable instructions: We need to ensure we allocate enough
372 space for the largest insn. */
373
374 if (CGEN_INSN_ATTR_VALUE (insn, CGEN_INSN_RELAX))
375 /* These currently shouldn't get here. */
376 abort ();
377
378 /* Is there a relaxable insn with the relaxable operand needing a fixup? */
379
380 relax_operand = -1;
381 if (relax_p && CGEN_INSN_ATTR_VALUE (insn, CGEN_INSN_RELAXABLE))
382 {
383 /* Scan the fixups for the operand affected by relaxing
384 (i.e. the branch address). */
385
386 for (i = 0; i < num_fixups; ++i)
387 {
388 if (CGEN_OPERAND_ATTR_VALUE (cgen_operand_lookup_by_num (gas_cgen_cpu_desc, fixups[i].opindex),
389 CGEN_OPERAND_RELAX))
390 {
391 relax_operand = i;
392 break;
393 }
394 }
395 }
396
397 if (relax_operand != -1)
398 {
399 int max_len;
400 fragS *old_frag;
401
402 #ifdef TC_CGEN_MAX_RELAX
403 max_len = TC_CGEN_MAX_RELAX (insn, byte_len);
404 #else
405 max_len = CGEN_MAX_INSN_SIZE;
406 #endif
407 /* Ensure variable part and fixed part are in same fragment. */
408 /* FIXME: Having to do this seems like a hack. */
409 frag_grow (max_len);
410
411 /* Allocate space for the fixed part. */
412 f = frag_more (byte_len);
413
414 /* Create a relaxable fragment for this instruction. */
415 old_frag = frag_now;
416
417 frag_var (rs_machine_dependent,
418 max_len - byte_len /* max chars */,
419 0 /* variable part already allocated */,
420 /* FIXME: When we machine generate the relax table,
421 machine generate a macro to compute subtype. */
422 1 /* subtype */,
423 fixups[relax_operand].exp.X_add_symbol,
424 fixups[relax_operand].exp.X_add_number,
425 f);
426
427 /* Record the operand number with the fragment so md_convert_frag
428 can use gas_cgen_md_record_fixup to record the appropriate reloc. */
429 old_frag->fr_cgen.insn = insn;
430 old_frag->fr_cgen.opindex = fixups[relax_operand].opindex;
431 old_frag->fr_cgen.opinfo = fixups[relax_operand].opinfo;
432 if (result)
433 result->frag = old_frag;
434 }
435 else
436 {
437 f = frag_more (byte_len);
438 if (result)
439 result->frag = frag_now;
440 }
441
442 /* If we're recording insns as numbers (rather than a string of bytes),
443 target byte order handling is deferred until now. */
444 #if CGEN_INT_INSN_P
445 cgen_put_insn_value (gas_cgen_cpu_desc, f, length, *buf);
446 #else
447 memcpy (f, buf, byte_len);
448 #endif
449
450 /* Emit DWARF2 debugging information. */
451 dwarf2_emit_insn (byte_len);
452
453 /* Create any fixups. */
454 for (i = 0; i < num_fixups; ++i)
455 {
456 fixS *fixP;
457 const CGEN_OPERAND *operand =
458 cgen_operand_lookup_by_num (gas_cgen_cpu_desc, fixups[i].opindex);
459
460 /* Don't create fixups for these. That's done during relaxation.
461 We don't need to test for CGEN_INSN_RELAX as they can't get here
462 (see above). */
463 if (relax_p
464 && CGEN_INSN_ATTR_VALUE (insn, CGEN_INSN_RELAXABLE)
465 && CGEN_OPERAND_ATTR_VALUE (operand, CGEN_OPERAND_RELAX))
466 continue;
467
468 #ifndef md_cgen_record_fixup_exp
469 #define md_cgen_record_fixup_exp gas_cgen_record_fixup_exp
470 #endif
471
472 fixP = md_cgen_record_fixup_exp (frag_now, f - frag_now->fr_literal,
473 insn, length, operand,
474 fixups[i].opinfo,
475 &fixups[i].exp);
476 if (result)
477 result->fixups[i] = fixP;
478 }
479
480 if (result)
481 {
482 result->num_fixups = num_fixups;
483 result->addr = f;
484 }
485 }
486
487 /* Apply a fixup to the object code. This is called for all the
488 fixups we generated by the call to fix_new_exp, above. In the call
489 above we used a reloc code which was the largest legal reloc code
490 plus the operand index. Here we undo that to recover the operand
491 index. At this point all symbol values should be fully resolved,
492 and we attempt to completely resolve the reloc. If we can not do
493 that, we determine the correct reloc code and put it back in the fixup. */
494
495 /* FIXME: This function handles some of the fixups and bfd_install_relocation
496 handles the rest. bfd_install_relocation (or some other bfd function)
497 should handle them all. */
498
499 int
500 gas_cgen_md_apply_fix3 (fixP, valueP, seg)
501 fixS * fixP;
502 valueT * valueP;
503 segT seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
504 {
505 char *where = fixP->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixP->fx_where;
506 valueT value;
507 /* Canonical name, since used a lot. */
508 CGEN_CPU_DESC cd = gas_cgen_cpu_desc;
509
510 /* FIXME FIXME FIXME: The value we are passed in *valuep includes
511 the symbol values. Since we are using BFD_ASSEMBLER, if we are
512 doing this relocation the code in write.c is going to call
513 bfd_install_relocation, which is also going to use the symbol
514 value. That means that if the reloc is fully resolved we want to
515 use *valuep since bfd_install_relocation is not being used.
516 However, if the reloc is not fully resolved we do not want to use
517 *valuep, and must use fx_offset instead. However, if the reloc
518 is PC relative, we do want to use *valuep since it includes the
519 result of md_pcrel_from. This is confusing. */
520
521 if (fixP->fx_addsy == (symbolS *) NULL)
522 {
523 value = *valueP;
524 fixP->fx_done = 1;
525 }
526 else if (fixP->fx_pcrel)
527 value = *valueP;
528 else
529 {
530 value = fixP->fx_offset;
531 if (fixP->fx_subsy != (symbolS *) NULL)
532 {
533 if (S_GET_SEGMENT (fixP->fx_subsy) == absolute_section)
534 value -= S_GET_VALUE (fixP->fx_subsy);
535 else
536 {
537 /* We don't actually support subtracting a symbol. */
538 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
539 _("expression too complex"));
540 }
541 }
542 }
543
544 if ((int) fixP->fx_r_type >= (int) BFD_RELOC_UNUSED)
545 {
546 int opindex = (int) fixP->fx_r_type - (int) BFD_RELOC_UNUSED;
547 const CGEN_OPERAND *operand = cgen_operand_lookup_by_num (cd, opindex);
548 const char *errmsg;
549 bfd_reloc_code_real_type reloc_type;
550 CGEN_FIELDS *fields = alloca (CGEN_CPU_SIZEOF_FIELDS (cd));
551 const CGEN_INSN *insn = fixP->fx_cgen.insn;
552
553 /* If the reloc has been fully resolved finish the operand here. */
554 /* FIXME: This duplicates the capabilities of code in BFD. */
555 if (fixP->fx_done
556 /* FIXME: If partial_inplace isn't set bfd_install_relocation won't
557 finish the job. Testing for pcrel is a temporary hack. */
558 || fixP->fx_pcrel)
559 {
560 CGEN_CPU_SET_FIELDS_BITSIZE (cd) (fields, CGEN_INSN_BITSIZE (insn));
561 CGEN_CPU_SET_VMA_OPERAND (cd) (cd, opindex, fields, (bfd_vma) value);
562
563 #if CGEN_INT_INSN_P
564 {
565 CGEN_INSN_INT insn_value =
566 cgen_get_insn_value (cd, where, CGEN_INSN_BITSIZE (insn));
567
568 /* ??? 0 is passed for `pc'. */
569 errmsg = CGEN_CPU_INSERT_OPERAND (cd) (cd, opindex, fields,
570 &insn_value, (bfd_vma) 0);
571 cgen_put_insn_value (cd, where, CGEN_INSN_BITSIZE (insn),
572 insn_value);
573 }
574 #else
575 /* ??? 0 is passed for `pc'. */
576 errmsg = CGEN_CPU_INSERT_OPERAND (cd) (cd, opindex, fields, where,
577 (bfd_vma) 0);
578 #endif
579 if (errmsg)
580 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line, "%s", errmsg);
581 }
582
583 if (fixP->fx_done)
584 return 1;
585
586 /* The operand isn't fully resolved. Determine a BFD reloc value
587 based on the operand information and leave it to
588 bfd_install_relocation. Note that this doesn't work when
589 partial_inplace == false. */
590
591 reloc_type = md_cgen_lookup_reloc (insn, operand, fixP);
592 if (reloc_type != BFD_RELOC_NONE)
593 {
594 fixP->fx_r_type = reloc_type;
595 }
596 else
597 {
598 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
599 _("unresolved expression that must be resolved"));
600 fixP->fx_done = 1;
601 return 1;
602 }
603 }
604 else if (fixP->fx_done)
605 {
606 /* We're finished with this fixup. Install it because
607 bfd_install_relocation won't be called to do it. */
608 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
609 {
610 case BFD_RELOC_8:
611 md_number_to_chars (where, value, 1);
612 break;
613 case BFD_RELOC_16:
614 md_number_to_chars (where, value, 2);
615 break;
616 case BFD_RELOC_32:
617 md_number_to_chars (where, value, 4);
618 break;
619 case BFD_RELOC_64:
620 md_number_to_chars (where, value, 8);
621 break;
622 default:
623 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
624 _("internal error: can't install fix for reloc type %d (`%s')"),
625 fixP->fx_r_type, bfd_get_reloc_code_name (fixP->fx_r_type));
626 break;
627 }
628 }
629 else
630 {
631 /* bfd_install_relocation will be called to finish things up. */
632 }
633
634 /* Tuck `value' away for use by tc_gen_reloc.
635 See the comment describing fx_addnumber in write.h.
636 This field is misnamed (or misused :-). */
637 fixP->fx_addnumber = value;
638
639 return 1;
640 }
641
642 /* Translate internal representation of relocation info to BFD target format.
643
644 FIXME: To what extent can we get all relevant targets to use this? */
645
646 arelent *
647 gas_cgen_tc_gen_reloc (section, fixP)
648 asection * section ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
649 fixS * fixP;
650 {
651 arelent *reloc;
652
653 reloc = (arelent *) xmalloc (sizeof (arelent));
654
655 reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, fixP->fx_r_type);
656 if (reloc->howto == (reloc_howto_type *) NULL)
657 {
658 as_bad_where (fixP->fx_file, fixP->fx_line,
659 _("internal error: can't export reloc type %d (`%s')"),
660 fixP->fx_r_type, bfd_get_reloc_code_name (fixP->fx_r_type));
661 return NULL;
662 }
663
664 assert (!fixP->fx_pcrel == !reloc->howto->pc_relative);
665
666 reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = (asymbol **) xmalloc (sizeof (asymbol *));
667 *reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = symbol_get_bfdsym (fixP->fx_addsy);
668
669 /* Use fx_offset for these cases. */
670 if (fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY
671 || fixP->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT)
672 reloc->addend = fixP->fx_offset;
673 else
674 reloc->addend = fixP->fx_addnumber;
675
676 reloc->address = fixP->fx_frag->fr_address + fixP->fx_where;
677 return reloc;
678 }
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