gdb/compile/compile-c-symbols.c

   1 /* Convert symbols from GDB to GCC
   2
   3    Copyright (C) 2014-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   4
   5    This file is part of GDB.
   6
   7    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   8    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   9    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
  10    (at your option) any later version.
  11
  12    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  13    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  14    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  15    GNU General Public License for more details.
  16
  17    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  18    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
  19
  20
  21 #include "defs.h"
  22 #include "compile-internal.h"
  23 #include "compile-c.h"
  24 #include "symtab.h"
  25 #include "parser-defs.h"
  26 #include "block.h"
  27 #include "objfiles.h"
  28 #include "compile.h"
  29 #include "value.h"
  30 #include "exceptions.h"
  31 #include "gdbtypes.h"
  32 #include "dwarf2/loc.h"
  33
  34 \f
  35
  36 /* Compute the name of the pointer representing a local symbol's
  37    address.  */
  38
  39 gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char>
  40 c_symbol_substitution_name (struct symbol *sym)
  41 {
  42   return gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char>
  43     (concat ("__", sym->natural_name (), "_ptr", (char *) NULL));
  44 }
  45
  46 /* Convert a given symbol, SYM, to the compiler's representation.
  47    CONTEXT is the compiler instance.  IS_GLOBAL is true if the
  48    symbol came from the global scope.  IS_LOCAL is true if the symbol
  49    came from a local scope.  (Note that the two are not strictly
  50    inverses because the symbol might have come from the static
  51    scope.)  */
  52
  53 static void
  54 convert_one_symbol (compile_c_instance *context,
  55                     struct block_symbol sym,
  56                     int is_global,
  57                     int is_local)
  58 {
  59   gcc_type sym_type;
  60   const char *filename = symbol_symtab (sym.symbol)->filename;
  61   unsigned short line = SYMBOL_LINE (sym.symbol);
  62
  63   context->error_symbol_once (sym.symbol);
  64
  65   if (SYMBOL_CLASS (sym.symbol) == LOC_LABEL)
  66     sym_type = 0;
  67   else
  68     sym_type = context->convert_type (SYMBOL_TYPE (sym.symbol));
  69
  70   if (SYMBOL_DOMAIN (sym.symbol) == STRUCT_DOMAIN)
  71     {
  72       /* Binding a tag, so we don't need to build a decl.  */
  73       context->plugin ().tagbind (sym.symbol->natural_name (),
  74                                   sym_type, filename, line);
  75     }
  76   else
  77     {
  78       gcc_decl decl;
  79       enum gcc_c_symbol_kind kind;
  80       CORE_ADDR addr = 0;
  81       gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char> symbol_name;
  82
  83       switch (SYMBOL_CLASS (sym.symbol))
  84         {
  85         case LOC_TYPEDEF:
  86           kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_TYPEDEF;
  87           break;
  88
  89         case LOC_LABEL:
  90           kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_LABEL;
  91           addr = SYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (sym.symbol);
  92           break;
  93
  94         case LOC_BLOCK:
  95           kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_FUNCTION;
  96           addr = BLOCK_ENTRY_PC (SYMBOL_BLOCK_VALUE (sym.symbol));
  97           if (is_global && SYMBOL_TYPE (sym.symbol)->is_gnu_ifunc ())
  98             addr = gnu_ifunc_resolve_addr (target_gdbarch (), addr);
  99           break;
 100
 101         case LOC_CONST:
 102           if (SYMBOL_TYPE (sym.symbol)->code () == TYPE_CODE_ENUM)
 103             {
 104               /* Already handled by convert_enum.  */
 105               return;
 106             }
 107           context->plugin ().build_constant
 108             (sym_type, sym.symbol->natural_name (),
 109              SYMBOL_VALUE (sym.symbol),
 110              filename, line);
 111           return;
 112
 113         case LOC_CONST_BYTES:
 114           error (_("Unsupported LOC_CONST_BYTES for symbol \"%s\"."),
 115                  sym.symbol->print_name ());
 116
 117         case LOC_UNDEF:
 118           internal_error (__FILE__, __LINE__, _("LOC_UNDEF found for \"%s\"."),
 119                           sym.symbol->print_name ());
 120
 121         case LOC_COMMON_BLOCK:
 122           error (_("Fortran common block is unsupported for compilation "
 123                    "evaluaton of symbol \"%s\"."),
 124                  sym.symbol->print_name ());
 125
 126         case LOC_OPTIMIZED_OUT:
 127           error (_("Symbol \"%s\" cannot be used for compilation evaluation "
 128                    "as it is optimized out."),
 129                  sym.symbol->print_name ());
 130
 131         case LOC_COMPUTED:
 132           if (is_local)
 133             goto substitution;
 134           /* Probably TLS here.  */
 135           warning (_("Symbol \"%s\" is thread-local and currently can only "
 136                      "be referenced from the current thread in "
 137                      "compiled code."),
 138                    sym.symbol->print_name ());
 139           /* FALLTHROUGH */
 140         case LOC_UNRESOLVED:
 141           /* 'symbol_name' cannot be used here as that one is used only for
 142              local variables from compile_dwarf_expr_to_c.
 143              Global variables can be accessed by GCC only by their address, not
 144              by their name.  */
 145           {
 146             struct value *val;
 147             struct frame_info *frame = NULL;
 148
 149             if (symbol_read_needs_frame (sym.symbol))
 150               {
 151                 frame = get_selected_frame (NULL);
 152                 if (frame == NULL)
 153                   error (_("Symbol \"%s\" cannot be used because "
 154                            "there is no selected frame"),
 155                          sym.symbol->print_name ());
 156               }
 157
 158             val = read_var_value (sym.symbol, sym.block, frame);
 159             if (VALUE_LVAL (val) != lval_memory)
 160               error (_("Symbol \"%s\" cannot be used for compilation "
 161                        "evaluation as its address has not been found."),
 162                      sym.symbol->print_name ());
 163
 164             kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_VARIABLE;
 165             addr = value_address (val);
 166           }
 167           break;
 168
 169
 170         case LOC_REGISTER:
 171         case LOC_ARG:
 172         case LOC_REF_ARG:
 173         case LOC_REGPARM_ADDR:
 174         case LOC_LOCAL:
 175         substitution:
 176           kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_VARIABLE;
 177           symbol_name = c_symbol_substitution_name (sym.symbol);
 178           break;
 179
 180         case LOC_STATIC:
 181           kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_VARIABLE;
 182           addr = SYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (sym.symbol);
 183           break;
 184
 185         case LOC_FINAL_VALUE:
 186         default:
 187           gdb_assert_not_reached ("Unreachable case in convert_one_symbol.");
 188
 189         }
 190
 191       /* Don't emit local variable decls for a raw expression.  */
 192       if (context->scope () != COMPILE_I_RAW_SCOPE
 193           || symbol_name == NULL)
 194         {
 195           decl = context->plugin ().build_decl
 196             (sym.symbol->natural_name (),
 197              kind,
 198              sym_type,
 199              symbol_name.get (), addr,
 200              filename, line);
 201
 202           context->plugin ().bind (decl, is_global);
 203         }
 204     }
 205 }
 206
 207 /* Convert a full symbol to its gcc form.  CONTEXT is the compiler to
 208    use, IDENTIFIER is the name of the symbol, SYM is the symbol
 209    itself, and DOMAIN is the domain which was searched.  */
 210
 211 static void
 212 convert_symbol_sym (compile_c_instance *context, const char *identifier,
 213                     struct block_symbol sym, domain_enum domain)
 214 {
 215   const struct block *static_block;
 216   int is_local_symbol;
 217
 218   /* If we found a symbol and it is not in the  static or global
 219      scope, then we should first convert any static or global scope
 220      symbol of the same name.  This lets this unusual case work:
 221
 222      int x; // Global.
 223      int func(void)
 224      {
 225      int x;
 226      // At this spot, evaluate "extern int x; x"
 227      }
 228   */
 229
 230   static_block = block_static_block (sym.block);
 231   /* STATIC_BLOCK is NULL if FOUND_BLOCK is the global block.  */
 232   is_local_symbol = (sym.block != static_block && static_block != NULL);
 233   if (is_local_symbol)
 234     {
 235       struct block_symbol global_sym;
 236
 237       global_sym = lookup_symbol (identifier, NULL, domain, NULL);
 238       /* If the outer symbol is in the static block, we ignore it, as
 239          it cannot be referenced.  */
 240       if (global_sym.symbol != NULL
 241           && global_sym.block != block_static_block (global_sym.block))
 242         {
 243           if (compile_debug)
 244             fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stdlog,
 245                                 "gcc_convert_symbol \"%s\": global symbol\n",
 246                                 identifier);
 247           convert_one_symbol (context, global_sym, 1, 0);
 248         }
 249     }
 250
 251   if (compile_debug)
 252     fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stdlog,
 253                         "gcc_convert_symbol \"%s\": local symbol\n",
 254                         identifier);
 255   convert_one_symbol (context, sym, 0, is_local_symbol);
 256 }
 257
 258 /* Convert a minimal symbol to its gcc form.  CONTEXT is the compiler
 259    to use and BMSYM is the minimal symbol to convert.  */
 260
 261 static void
 262 convert_symbol_bmsym (compile_c_instance *context,
 263                       struct bound_minimal_symbol bmsym)
 264 {
 265   struct minimal_symbol *msym = bmsym.minsym;
 266   struct objfile *objfile = bmsym.objfile;
 267   struct type *type;
 268   enum gcc_c_symbol_kind kind;
 269   gcc_type sym_type;
 270   gcc_decl decl;
 271   CORE_ADDR addr;
 272
 273   addr = MSYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (objfile, msym);
 274
 275   /* Conversion copied from write_exp_msymbol.  */
 276   switch (MSYMBOL_TYPE (msym))
 277     {
 278     case mst_text:
 279     case mst_file_text:
 280     case mst_solib_trampoline:
 281       type = objfile_type (objfile)->nodebug_text_symbol;
 282       kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_FUNCTION;
 283       break;
 284
 285     case mst_text_gnu_ifunc:
 286       type = objfile_type (objfile)->nodebug_text_gnu_ifunc_symbol;
 287       kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_FUNCTION;
 288       addr = gnu_ifunc_resolve_addr (target_gdbarch (), addr);
 289       break;
 290
 291     case mst_data:
 292     case mst_file_data:
 293     case mst_bss:
 294     case mst_file_bss:
 295       type = objfile_type (objfile)->nodebug_data_symbol;
 296       kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_VARIABLE;
 297       break;
 298
 299     case mst_slot_got_plt:
 300       type = objfile_type (objfile)->nodebug_got_plt_symbol;
 301       kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_FUNCTION;
 302       break;
 303
 304     default:
 305       type = objfile_type (objfile)->nodebug_unknown_symbol;
 306       kind = GCC_C_SYMBOL_VARIABLE;
 307       break;
 308     }
 309
 310   sym_type = context->convert_type (type);
 311   decl = context->plugin ().build_decl (msym->natural_name (),
 312                                         kind, sym_type, NULL, addr,
 313                                         NULL, 0);
 314   context->plugin ().bind (decl, 1 /* is_global */);
 315 }
 316
 317 /* See compile-internal.h.  */
 318
 319 void
 320 gcc_convert_symbol (void *datum,
 321                     struct gcc_c_context *gcc_context,
 322                     enum gcc_c_oracle_request request,
 323                     const char *identifier)
 324 {
 325   compile_c_instance *context
 326     = static_cast<compile_c_instance *> (datum);
 327   domain_enum domain;
 328   int found = 0;
 329
 330   switch (request)
 331     {
 332     case GCC_C_ORACLE_SYMBOL:
 333       domain = VAR_DOMAIN;
 334       break;
 335     case GCC_C_ORACLE_TAG:
 336       domain = STRUCT_DOMAIN;
 337       break;
 338     case GCC_C_ORACLE_LABEL:
 339       domain = LABEL_DOMAIN;
 340       break;
 341     default:
 342       gdb_assert_not_reached ("Unrecognized oracle request.");
 343     }
 344
 345   /* We can't allow exceptions to escape out of this callback.  Safest
 346      is to simply emit a gcc error.  */
 347   try
 348     {
 349       struct block_symbol sym;
 350
 351       sym = lookup_symbol (identifier, context->block (), domain, NULL);
 352       if (sym.symbol != NULL)
 353         {
 354           convert_symbol_sym (context, identifier, sym, domain);
 355           found = 1;
 356         }
 357       else if (domain == VAR_DOMAIN)
 358         {
 359           struct bound_minimal_symbol bmsym;
 360
 361           bmsym = lookup_minimal_symbol (identifier, NULL, NULL);
 362           if (bmsym.minsym != NULL)
 363             {
 364               convert_symbol_bmsym (context, bmsym);
 365               found = 1;
 366             }
 367         }
 368     }
 369
 370   catch (const gdb_exception &e)
 371     {
 372       context->plugin ().error (e.what ());
 373     }
 374
 375   if (compile_debug && !found)
 376     fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stdlog,
 377                         "gcc_convert_symbol \"%s\": lookup_symbol failed\n",
 378                         identifier);
 379   return;
 380 }
 381
 382 /* See compile-internal.h.  */
 383
 384 gcc_address
 385 gcc_symbol_address (void *datum, struct gcc_c_context *gcc_context,
 386                     const char *identifier)
 387 {
 388   compile_c_instance *context
 389     = static_cast<compile_c_instance *> (datum);
 390   gcc_address result = 0;
 391   int found = 0;
 392
 393   /* We can't allow exceptions to escape out of this callback.  Safest
 394      is to simply emit a gcc error.  */
 395   try
 396     {
 397       struct symbol *sym;
 398
 399       /* We only need global functions here.  */
 400       sym = lookup_symbol (identifier, NULL, VAR_DOMAIN, NULL).symbol;
 401       if (sym != NULL && SYMBOL_CLASS (sym) == LOC_BLOCK)
 402         {
 403           if (compile_debug)
 404             fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stdlog,
 405                                 "gcc_symbol_address \"%s\": full symbol\n",
 406                                 identifier);
 407           result = BLOCK_ENTRY_PC (SYMBOL_BLOCK_VALUE (sym));
 408           if (SYMBOL_TYPE (sym)->is_gnu_ifunc ())
 409             result = gnu_ifunc_resolve_addr (target_gdbarch (), result);
 410           found = 1;
 411         }
 412       else
 413         {
 414           struct bound_minimal_symbol msym;
 415
 416           msym = lookup_bound_minimal_symbol (identifier);
 417           if (msym.minsym != NULL)
 418             {
 419               if (compile_debug)
 420                 fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stdlog,
 421                                     "gcc_symbol_address \"%s\": minimal "
 422                                     "symbol\n",
 423                                     identifier);
 424               result = BMSYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (msym);
 425               if (MSYMBOL_TYPE (msym.minsym) == mst_text_gnu_ifunc)
 426                 result = gnu_ifunc_resolve_addr (target_gdbarch (), result);
 427               found = 1;
 428             }
 429         }
 430     }
 431
 432   catch (const gdb_exception_error &e)
 433     {
 434       context->plugin ().error (e.what ());
 435     }
 436
 437   if (compile_debug && !found)
 438     fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stdlog,
 439                         "gcc_symbol_address \"%s\": failed\n",
 440                         identifier);
 441   return result;
 442 }
 443
 444 \f
 445
 446 /* A hash function for symbol names.  */
 447
 448 static hashval_t
 449 hash_symname (const void *a)
 450 {
 451   const struct symbol *sym = (const struct symbol *) a;
 452
 453   return htab_hash_string (sym->natural_name ());
 454 }
 455
 456 /* A comparison function for hash tables that just looks at symbol
 457    names.  */
 458
 459 static int
 460 eq_symname (const void *a, const void *b)
 461 {
 462   const struct symbol *syma = (const struct symbol *) a;
 463   const struct symbol *symb = (const struct symbol *) b;
 464
 465   return strcmp (syma->natural_name (), symb->natural_name ()) == 0;
 466 }
 467
 468 /* If a symbol with the same name as SYM is already in HASHTAB, return
 469    1.  Otherwise, add SYM to HASHTAB and return 0.  */
 470
 471 static int
 472 symbol_seen (htab_t hashtab, struct symbol *sym)
 473 {
 474   void **slot;
 475
 476   slot = htab_find_slot (hashtab, sym, INSERT);
 477   if (*slot != NULL)
 478     return 1;
 479
 480   *slot = sym;
 481   return 0;
 482 }
 483
 484 /* Generate C code to compute the length of a VLA.  */
 485
 486 static void
 487 generate_vla_size (compile_instance *compiler,
 488                    string_file *stream,
 489                    struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
 490                    std::vector<bool> &registers_used,
 491                    CORE_ADDR pc,
 492                    struct type *type,
 493                    struct symbol *sym)
 494 {
 495   type = check_typedef (type);
 496
 497   if (TYPE_IS_REFERENCE (type))
 498     type = check_typedef (TYPE_TARGET_TYPE (type));
 499
 500   switch (type->code ())
 501     {
 502     case TYPE_CODE_RANGE:
 503       {
 504         if (type->bounds ()->high.kind () == PROP_LOCEXPR
 505             || type->bounds ()->high.kind () == PROP_LOCLIST)
 506           {
 507             const struct dynamic_prop *prop = &type->bounds ()->high;
 508             std::string name = c_get_range_decl_name (prop);
 509
 510             dwarf2_compile_property_to_c (stream, name.c_str (),
 511                                           gdbarch, registers_used,
 512                                           prop, pc, sym);
 513           }
 514       }
 515       break;
 516
 517     case TYPE_CODE_ARRAY:
 518       generate_vla_size (compiler, stream, gdbarch, registers_used, pc,
 519                          type->index_type (), sym);
 520       generate_vla_size (compiler, stream, gdbarch, registers_used, pc,
 521                          TYPE_TARGET_TYPE (type), sym);
 522       break;
 523
 524     case TYPE_CODE_UNION:
 525     case TYPE_CODE_STRUCT:
 526       {
 527         int i;
 528
 529         for (i = 0; i < type->num_fields (); ++i)
 530           if (!field_is_static (&type->field (i)))
 531             generate_vla_size (compiler, stream, gdbarch, registers_used, pc,
 532                                type->field (i).type (), sym);
 533       }
 534       break;
 535     }
 536 }
 537
 538 /* Generate C code to compute the address of SYM.  */
 539
 540 static void
 541 generate_c_for_for_one_variable (compile_instance *compiler,
 542                                  string_file *stream,
 543                                  struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
 544                                  std::vector<bool> &registers_used,
 545                                  CORE_ADDR pc,
 546                                  struct symbol *sym)
 547 {
 548
 549   try
 550     {
 551       if (is_dynamic_type (SYMBOL_TYPE (sym)))
 552         {
 553           /* We need to emit to a temporary buffer in case an error
 554              occurs in the middle.  */
 555           string_file local_file;
 556
 557           generate_vla_size (compiler, &local_file, gdbarch, registers_used, pc,
 558                              SYMBOL_TYPE (sym), sym);
 559
 560           stream->write (local_file.c_str (), local_file.size ());
 561         }
 562
 563       if (SYMBOL_COMPUTED_OPS (sym) != NULL)
 564         {
 565           gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char> generated_name
 566             = c_symbol_substitution_name (sym);
 567           /* We need to emit to a temporary buffer in case an error
 568              occurs in the middle.  */
 569           string_file local_file;
 570
 571           SYMBOL_COMPUTED_OPS (sym)->generate_c_location (sym, &local_file,
 572                                                           gdbarch,
 573                                                           registers_used,
 574                                                           pc,
 575                                                           generated_name.get ());
 576           stream->write (local_file.c_str (), local_file.size ());
 577         }
 578       else
 579         {
 580           switch (SYMBOL_CLASS (sym))
 581             {
 582             case LOC_REGISTER:
 583             case LOC_ARG:
 584             case LOC_REF_ARG:
 585             case LOC_REGPARM_ADDR:
 586             case LOC_LOCAL:
 587               error (_("Local symbol unhandled when generating C code."));
 588
 589             case LOC_COMPUTED:
 590               gdb_assert_not_reached (_("LOC_COMPUTED variable "
 591                                         "missing a method."));
 592
 593             default:
 594               /* Nothing to do for all other cases, as they don't represent
 595                  local variables.  */
 596               break;
 597             }
 598         }
 599     }
 600
 601   catch (const gdb_exception_error &e)
 602     {
 603       compiler->insert_symbol_error (sym, e.what ());
 604     }
 605 }
 606
 607 /* See compile-c.h.  */
 608
 609 std::vector<bool>
 610 generate_c_for_variable_locations (compile_instance *compiler,
 611                                    string_file *stream,
 612                                    struct gdbarch *gdbarch,
 613                                    const struct block *block,
 614                                    CORE_ADDR pc)
 615 {
 616   const struct block *static_block = block_static_block (block);
 617
 618   /* If we're already in the static or global block, there is nothing
 619      to write.  */
 620   if (static_block == NULL || block == static_block)
 621     return {};
 622
 623   std::vector<bool> registers_used (gdbarch_num_regs (gdbarch));
 624
 625   /* Ensure that a given name is only entered once.  This reflects the
 626      reality of shadowing.  */
 627   htab_up symhash (htab_create_alloc (1, hash_symname, eq_symname, NULL,
 628                                       xcalloc, xfree));
 629
 630   while (1)
 631     {
 632       struct symbol *sym;
 633       struct block_iterator iter;
 634
 635       /* Iterate over symbols in this block, generating code to
 636          compute the location of each local variable.  */
 637       for (sym = block_iterator_first (block, &iter);
 638            sym != NULL;
 639            sym = block_iterator_next (&iter))
 640         {
 641           if (!symbol_seen (symhash.get (), sym))
 642             generate_c_for_for_one_variable (compiler, stream, gdbarch,
 643                                              registers_used, pc, sym);
 644         }
 645
 646       /* If we just finished the outermost block of a function, we're
 647          done.  */
 648       if (BLOCK_FUNCTION (block) != NULL)
 649         break;
 650       block = BLOCK_SUPERBLOCK (block);
 651     }
 652
 653   return registers_used;
 654 }