tools/perf/perf.c

   1 /*
   2  * perf.c
   3  *
   4  * Performance analysis utility.
   5  *
   6  * This is the main hub from which the sub-commands (perf stat,
   7  * perf top, perf record, perf report, etc.) are started.
   8  */
   9 #include "builtin.h"
  10
  11 #include "util/env.h"
  12 #include <subcmd/exec-cmd.h>
  13 #include "util/cache.h"
  14 #include "util/quote.h"
  15 #include <subcmd/run-command.h>
  16 #include "util/parse-events.h"
  17 #include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
  18 #include "util/bpf-loader.h"
  19 #include "util/debug.h"
  20 #include <api/fs/tracing_path.h>
  21 #include <pthread.h>
  22 #include <stdlib.h>
  23 #include <time.h>
  24
  25 const char perf_usage_string[] =
  26         "perf [--version] [--help] [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]";
  27
  28 const char perf_more_info_string[] =
  29         "See 'perf help COMMAND' for more information on a specific command.";
  30
  31 int use_browser = -1;
  32 static int use_pager = -1;
  33 const char *input_name;
  34
  35 struct cmd_struct {
  36         const char *cmd;
  37         int (*fn)(int, const char **, const char *);
  38         int option;
  39 };
  40
  41 static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
  42         { "buildid-cache", cmd_buildid_cache, 0 },
  43         { "buildid-list", cmd_buildid_list, 0 },
  44         { "config",     cmd_config,     0 },
  45         { "diff",       cmd_diff,       0 },
  46         { "evlist",     cmd_evlist,     0 },
  47         { "help",       cmd_help,       0 },
  48         { "list",       cmd_list,       0 },
  49         { "record",     cmd_record,     0 },
  50         { "report",     cmd_report,     0 },
  51         { "bench",      cmd_bench,      0 },
  52         { "stat",       cmd_stat,       0 },
  53         { "timechart",  cmd_timechart,  0 },
  54         { "top",        cmd_top,        0 },
  55         { "annotate",   cmd_annotate,   0 },
  56         { "version",    cmd_version,    0 },
  57         { "script",     cmd_script,     0 },
  58         { "sched",      cmd_sched,      0 },
  59 #ifdef HAVE_LIBELF_SUPPORT
  60         { "probe",      cmd_probe,      0 },
  61 #endif
  62         { "kmem",       cmd_kmem,       0 },
  63         { "lock",       cmd_lock,       0 },
  64         { "kvm",        cmd_kvm,        0 },
  65         { "test",       cmd_test,       0 },
  66 #ifdef HAVE_LIBAUDIT_SUPPORT
  67         { "trace",      cmd_trace,      0 },
  68 #endif
  69         { "inject",     cmd_inject,     0 },
  70         { "mem",        cmd_mem,        0 },
  71         { "data",       cmd_data,       0 },
  72 };
  73
  74 struct pager_config {
  75         const char *cmd;
  76         int val;
  77 };
  78
  79 static int pager_command_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
  80 {
  81         struct pager_config *c = data;
  82         if (!prefixcmp(var, "pager.") && !strcmp(var + 6, c->cmd))
  83                 c->val = perf_config_bool(var, value);
  84         return 0;
  85 }
  86
  87 /* returns 0 for "no pager", 1 for "use pager", and -1 for "not specified" */
  88 int check_pager_config(const char *cmd)
  89 {
  90         struct pager_config c;
  91         c.cmd = cmd;
  92         c.val = -1;
  93         perf_config(pager_command_config, &c);
  94         return c.val;
  95 }
  96
  97 static int browser_command_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
  98 {
  99         struct pager_config *c = data;
 100         if (!prefixcmp(var, "tui.") && !strcmp(var + 4, c->cmd))
 101                 c->val = perf_config_bool(var, value);
 102         if (!prefixcmp(var, "gtk.") && !strcmp(var + 4, c->cmd))
 103                 c->val = perf_config_bool(var, value) ? 2 : 0;
 104         return 0;
 105 }
 106
 107 /*
 108  * returns 0 for "no tui", 1 for "use tui", 2 for "use gtk",
 109  * and -1 for "not specified"
 110  */
 111 static int check_browser_config(const char *cmd)
 112 {
 113         struct pager_config c;
 114         c.cmd = cmd;
 115         c.val = -1;
 116         perf_config(browser_command_config, &c);
 117         return c.val;
 118 }
 119
 120 static void commit_pager_choice(void)
 121 {
 122         switch (use_pager) {
 123         case 0:
 124                 setenv(PERF_PAGER_ENVIRONMENT, "cat", 1);
 125                 break;
 126         case 1:
 127                 /* setup_pager(); */
 128                 break;
 129         default:
 130                 break;
 131         }
 132 }
 133
 134 struct option options[] = {
 135         OPT_ARGUMENT("help", "help"),
 136         OPT_ARGUMENT("version", "version"),
 137         OPT_ARGUMENT("exec-path", "exec-path"),
 138         OPT_ARGUMENT("html-path", "html-path"),
 139         OPT_ARGUMENT("paginate", "paginate"),
 140         OPT_ARGUMENT("no-pager", "no-pager"),
 141         OPT_ARGUMENT("perf-dir", "perf-dir"),
 142         OPT_ARGUMENT("work-tree", "work-tree"),
 143         OPT_ARGUMENT("debugfs-dir", "debugfs-dir"),
 144         OPT_ARGUMENT("buildid-dir", "buildid-dir"),
 145         OPT_ARGUMENT("list-cmds", "list-cmds"),
 146         OPT_ARGUMENT("list-opts", "list-opts"),
 147         OPT_ARGUMENT("debug", "debug"),
 148         OPT_END()
 149 };
 150
 151 static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 152 {
 153         int handled = 0;
 154
 155         while (*argc > 0) {
 156                 const char *cmd = (*argv)[0];
 157                 if (cmd[0] != '-')
 158                         break;
 159
 160                 /*
 161                  * For legacy reasons, the "version" and "help"
 162                  * commands can be written with "--" prepended
 163                  * to make them look like flags.
 164                  */
 165                 if (!strcmp(cmd, "--help") || !strcmp(cmd, "--version"))
 166                         break;
 167
 168                 /*
 169                  * Shortcut for '-h' and '-v' options to invoke help
 170                  * and version command.
 171                  */
 172                 if (!strcmp(cmd, "-h")) {
 173                         (*argv)[0] = "--help";
 174                         break;
 175                 }
 176
 177                 if (!strcmp(cmd, "-v")) {
 178                         (*argv)[0] = "--version";
 179                         break;
 180                 }
 181
 182                 /*
 183                  * Check remaining flags.
 184                  */
 185                 if (!prefixcmp(cmd, CMD_EXEC_PATH)) {
 186                         cmd += strlen(CMD_EXEC_PATH);
 187                         if (*cmd == '=')
 188                                 set_argv_exec_path(cmd + 1);
 189                         else {
 190                                 puts(get_argv_exec_path());
 191                                 exit(0);
 192                         }
 193                 } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--html-path")) {
 194                         puts(system_path(PERF_HTML_PATH));
 195                         exit(0);
 196                 } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-p") || !strcmp(cmd, "--paginate")) {
 197                         use_pager = 1;
 198                 } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-pager")) {
 199                         use_pager = 0;
 200                         if (envchanged)
 201                                 *envchanged = 1;
 202                 } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--perf-dir")) {
 203                         if (*argc < 2) {
 204                                 fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --perf-dir.\n");
 205                                 usage(perf_usage_string);
 206                         }
 207                         setenv(PERF_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
 208                         if (envchanged)
 209                                 *envchanged = 1;
 210                         (*argv)++;
 211                         (*argc)--;
 212                         handled++;
 213                 } else if (!prefixcmp(cmd, CMD_PERF_DIR)) {
 214                         setenv(PERF_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, cmd + strlen(CMD_PERF_DIR), 1);
 215                         if (envchanged)
 216                                 *envchanged = 1;
 217                 } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--work-tree")) {
 218                         if (*argc < 2) {
 219                                 fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --work-tree.\n");
 220                                 usage(perf_usage_string);
 221                         }
 222                         setenv(PERF_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
 223                         if (envchanged)
 224                                 *envchanged = 1;
 225                         (*argv)++;
 226                         (*argc)--;
 227                 } else if (!prefixcmp(cmd, CMD_WORK_TREE)) {
 228                         setenv(PERF_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, cmd + strlen(CMD_WORK_TREE), 1);
 229                         if (envchanged)
 230                                 *envchanged = 1;
 231                 } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--debugfs-dir")) {
 232                         if (*argc < 2) {
 233                                 fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --debugfs-dir.\n");
 234                                 usage(perf_usage_string);
 235                         }
 236                         tracing_path_set((*argv)[1]);
 237                         if (envchanged)
 238                                 *envchanged = 1;
 239                         (*argv)++;
 240                         (*argc)--;
 241                 } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--buildid-dir")) {
 242                         if (*argc < 2) {
 243                                 fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --buildid-dir.\n");
 244                                 usage(perf_usage_string);
 245                         }
 246                         set_buildid_dir((*argv)[1]);
 247                         if (envchanged)
 248                                 *envchanged = 1;
 249                         (*argv)++;
 250                         (*argc)--;
 251                 } else if (!prefixcmp(cmd, CMD_DEBUGFS_DIR)) {
 252                         tracing_path_set(cmd + strlen(CMD_DEBUGFS_DIR));
 253                         fprintf(stderr, "dir: %s\n", tracing_path);
 254                         if (envchanged)
 255                                 *envchanged = 1;
 256                 } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--list-cmds")) {
 257                         unsigned int i;
 258
 259                         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(commands); i++) {
 260                                 struct cmd_struct *p = commands+i;
 261                                 printf("%s ", p->cmd);
 262                         }
 263                         putchar('\n');
 264                         exit(0);
 265                 } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--list-opts")) {
 266                         unsigned int i;
 267
 268                         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(options)-1; i++) {
 269                                 struct option *p = options+i;
 270                                 printf("--%s ", p->long_name);
 271                         }
 272                         putchar('\n');
 273                         exit(0);
 274                 } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--debug")) {
 275                         if (*argc < 2) {
 276                                 fprintf(stderr, "No variable specified for --debug.\n");
 277                                 usage(perf_usage_string);
 278                         }
 279                         if (perf_debug_option((*argv)[1]))
 280                                 usage(perf_usage_string);
 281
 282                         (*argv)++;
 283                         (*argc)--;
 284                 } else {
 285                         fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option: %s\n", cmd);
 286                         usage(perf_usage_string);
 287                 }
 288
 289                 (*argv)++;
 290                 (*argc)--;
 291                 handled++;
 292         }
 293         return handled;
 294 }
 295
 296 static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 297 {
 298         int envchanged = 0, ret = 0, saved_errno = errno;
 299         int count, option_count;
 300         const char **new_argv;
 301         const char *alias_command;
 302         char *alias_string;
 303
 304         alias_command = (*argv)[0];
 305         alias_string = alias_lookup(alias_command);
 306         if (alias_string) {
 307                 if (alias_string[0] == '!') {
 308                         if (*argcp > 1) {
 309                                 struct strbuf buf;
 310
 311                                 strbuf_init(&buf, PATH_MAX);
 312                                 strbuf_addstr(&buf, alias_string);
 313                                 sq_quote_argv(&buf, (*argv) + 1, PATH_MAX);
 314                                 free(alias_string);
 315                                 alias_string = buf.buf;
 316                         }
 317                         ret = system(alias_string + 1);
 318                         if (ret >= 0 && WIFEXITED(ret) &&
 319                             WEXITSTATUS(ret) != 127)
 320                                 exit(WEXITSTATUS(ret));
 321                         die("Failed to run '%s' when expanding alias '%s'",
 322                             alias_string + 1, alias_command);
 323                 }
 324                 count = split_cmdline(alias_string, &new_argv);
 325                 if (count < 0)
 326                         die("Bad alias.%s string", alias_command);
 327                 option_count = handle_options(&new_argv, &count, &envchanged);
 328                 if (envchanged)
 329                         die("alias '%s' changes environment variables\n"
 330                                  "You can use '!perf' in the alias to do this.",
 331                                  alias_command);
 332                 memmove(new_argv - option_count, new_argv,
 333                                 count * sizeof(char *));
 334                 new_argv -= option_count;
 335
 336                 if (count < 1)
 337                         die("empty alias for %s", alias_command);
 338
 339                 if (!strcmp(alias_command, new_argv[0]))
 340                         die("recursive alias: %s", alias_command);
 341
 342                 new_argv = realloc(new_argv, sizeof(char *) *
 343                                     (count + *argcp + 1));
 344                 /* insert after command name */
 345                 memcpy(new_argv + count, *argv + 1, sizeof(char *) * *argcp);
 346                 new_argv[count + *argcp] = NULL;
 347
 348                 *argv = new_argv;
 349                 *argcp += count - 1;
 350
 351                 ret = 1;
 352         }
 353
 354         errno = saved_errno;
 355
 356         return ret;
 357 }
 358
 359 const char perf_version_string[] = PERF_VERSION;
 360
 361 #define RUN_SETUP       (1<<0)
 362 #define USE_PAGER       (1<<1)
 363 /*
 364  * require working tree to be present -- anything uses this needs
 365  * RUN_SETUP for reading from the configuration file.
 366  */
 367 #define NEED_WORK_TREE  (1<<2)
 368
 369 static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
 370 {
 371         int status;
 372         struct stat st;
 373         const char *prefix;
 374         char sbuf[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
 375
 376         prefix = NULL;
 377         if (p->option & RUN_SETUP)
 378                 prefix = NULL; /* setup_perf_directory(); */
 379
 380         if (use_browser == -1)
 381                 use_browser = check_browser_config(p->cmd);
 382
 383         if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & RUN_SETUP)
 384                 use_pager = check_pager_config(p->cmd);
 385         if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & USE_PAGER)
 386                 use_pager = 1;
 387         commit_pager_choice();
 388
 389         perf_env__set_cmdline(&perf_env, argc, argv);
 390         status = p->fn(argc, argv, prefix);
 391         exit_browser(status);
 392         perf_env__exit(&perf_env);
 393         bpf__clear();
 394
 395         if (status)
 396                 return status & 0xff;
 397
 398         /* Somebody closed stdout? */
 399         if (fstat(fileno(stdout), &st))
 400                 return 0;
 401         /* Ignore write errors for pipes and sockets.. */
 402         if (S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode) || S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode))
 403                 return 0;
 404
 405         status = 1;
 406         /* Check for ENOSPC and EIO errors.. */
 407         if (fflush(stdout)) {
 408                 fprintf(stderr, "write failure on standard output: %s",
 409                         strerror_r(errno, sbuf, sizeof(sbuf)));
 410                 goto out;
 411         }
 412         if (ferror(stdout)) {
 413                 fprintf(stderr, "unknown write failure on standard output");
 414                 goto out;
 415         }
 416         if (fclose(stdout)) {
 417                 fprintf(stderr, "close failed on standard output: %s",
 418                         strerror_r(errno, sbuf, sizeof(sbuf)));
 419                 goto out;
 420         }
 421         status = 0;
 422 out:
 423         return status;
 424 }
 425
 426 static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 427 {
 428         const char *cmd = argv[0];
 429         unsigned int i;
 430         static const char ext[] = STRIP_EXTENSION;
 431
 432         if (sizeof(ext) > 1) {
 433                 i = strlen(argv[0]) - strlen(ext);
 434                 if (i > 0 && !strcmp(argv[0] + i, ext)) {
 435                         char *argv0 = strdup(argv[0]);
 436                         argv[0] = cmd = argv0;
 437                         argv0[i] = '\0';
 438                 }
 439         }
 440
 441         /* Turn "perf cmd --help" into "perf help cmd" */
 442         if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--help")) {
 443                 argv[1] = argv[0];
 444                 argv[0] = cmd = "help";
 445         }
 446
 447         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(commands); i++) {
 448                 struct cmd_struct *p = commands+i;
 449                 if (strcmp(p->cmd, cmd))
 450                         continue;
 451                 exit(run_builtin(p, argc, argv));
 452         }
 453 }
 454
 455 static void execv_dashed_external(const char **argv)
 456 {
 457         char *cmd;
 458         const char *tmp;
 459         int status;
 460
 461         if (asprintf(&cmd, "perf-%s", argv[0]) < 0)
 462                 goto do_die;
 463
 464         /*
 465          * argv[0] must be the perf command, but the argv array
 466          * belongs to the caller, and may be reused in
 467          * subsequent loop iterations. Save argv[0] and
 468          * restore it on error.
 469          */
 470         tmp = argv[0];
 471         argv[0] = cmd;
 472
 473         /*
 474          * if we fail because the command is not found, it is
 475          * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code.
 476          */
 477         status = run_command_v_opt(argv, 0);
 478         if (status != -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC) {
 479                 if (IS_RUN_COMMAND_ERR(status)) {
 480 do_die:
 481                         die("unable to run '%s'", argv[0]);
 482                 }
 483                 exit(-status);
 484         }
 485         errno = ENOENT; /* as if we called execvp */
 486
 487         argv[0] = tmp;
 488         zfree(&cmd);
 489 }
 490
 491 static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 492 {
 493         int done_alias = 0;
 494
 495         while (1) {
 496                 /* See if it's an internal command */
 497                 handle_internal_command(*argcp, *argv);
 498
 499                 /* .. then try the external ones */
 500                 execv_dashed_external(*argv);
 501
 502                 /* It could be an alias -- this works around the insanity
 503                  * of overriding "perf log" with "perf show" by having
 504                  * alias.log = show
 505                  */
 506                 if (done_alias || !handle_alias(argcp, argv))
 507                         break;
 508                 done_alias = 1;
 509         }
 510
 511         return done_alias;
 512 }
 513
 514 static void pthread__block_sigwinch(void)
 515 {
 516         sigset_t set;
 517
 518         sigemptyset(&set);
 519         sigaddset(&set, SIGWINCH);
 520         pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, NULL);
 521 }
 522
 523 void pthread__unblock_sigwinch(void)
 524 {
 525         sigset_t set;
 526
 527         sigemptyset(&set);
 528         sigaddset(&set, SIGWINCH);
 529         pthread_sigmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &set, NULL);
 530 }
 531
 532 int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 533 {
 534         const char *cmd;
 535         char sbuf[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
 536
 537         /* libsubcmd init */
 538         exec_cmd_init("perf", PREFIX, PERF_EXEC_PATH, EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT);
 539         pager_init(PERF_PAGER_ENVIRONMENT);
 540
 541         /* The page_size is placed in util object. */
 542         page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);
 543         cacheline_size = sysconf(_SC_LEVEL1_DCACHE_LINESIZE);
 544
 545         cmd = extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 546         if (!cmd)
 547                 cmd = "perf-help";
 548
 549         srandom(time(NULL));
 550
 551         perf_config(perf_default_config, NULL);
 552
 553         /* get debugfs/tracefs mount point from /proc/mounts */
 554         tracing_path_mount();
 555
 556         /*
 557          * "perf-xxxx" is the same as "perf xxxx", but we obviously:
 558          *
 559          *  - cannot take flags in between the "perf" and the "xxxx".
 560          *  - cannot execute it externally (since it would just do
 561          *    the same thing over again)
 562          *
 563          * So we just directly call the internal command handler, and
 564          * die if that one cannot handle it.
 565          */
 566         if (!prefixcmp(cmd, "perf-")) {
 567                 cmd += 5;
 568                 argv[0] = cmd;
 569                 handle_internal_command(argc, argv);
 570                 fprintf(stderr, "cannot handle %s internally", cmd);
 571                 goto out;
 572         }
 573         if (!prefixcmp(cmd, "trace")) {
 574 #ifdef HAVE_LIBAUDIT_SUPPORT
 575                 set_buildid_dir(NULL);
 576                 setup_path();
 577                 argv[0] = "trace";
 578                 return cmd_trace(argc, argv, NULL);
 579 #else
 580                 fprintf(stderr,
 581                         "trace command not available: missing audit-libs devel package at build time.\n");
 582                 goto out;
 583 #endif
 584         }
 585         /* Look for flags.. */
 586         argv++;
 587         argc--;
 588         handle_options(&argv, &argc, NULL);
 589         commit_pager_choice();
 590         set_buildid_dir(NULL);
 591
 592         if (argc > 0) {
 593                 if (!prefixcmp(argv[0], "--"))
 594                         argv[0] += 2;
 595         } else {
 596                 /* The user didn't specify a command; give them help */
 597                 printf("\n usage: %s\n\n", perf_usage_string);
 598                 list_common_cmds_help();
 599                 printf("\n %s\n\n", perf_more_info_string);
 600                 goto out;
 601         }
 602         cmd = argv[0];
 603
 604         test_attr__init();
 605
 606         /*
 607          * We use PATH to find perf commands, but we prepend some higher
 608          * precedence paths: the "--exec-path" option, the PERF_EXEC_PATH
 609          * environment, and the $(perfexecdir) from the Makefile at build
 610          * time.
 611          */
 612         setup_path();
 613         /*
 614          * Block SIGWINCH notifications so that the thread that wants it can
 615          * unblock and get syscalls like select interrupted instead of waiting
 616          * forever while the signal goes to some other non interested thread.
 617          */
 618         pthread__block_sigwinch();
 619
 620         perf_debug_setup();
 621
 622         while (1) {
 623                 static int done_help;
 624                 int was_alias = run_argv(&argc, &argv);
 625
 626                 if (errno != ENOENT)
 627                         break;
 628
 629                 if (was_alias) {
 630                         fprintf(stderr, "Expansion of alias '%s' failed; "
 631                                 "'%s' is not a perf-command\n",
 632                                 cmd, argv[0]);
 633                         goto out;
 634                 }
 635                 if (!done_help) {
 636                         cmd = argv[0] = help_unknown_cmd(cmd);
 637                         done_help = 1;
 638                 } else
 639                         break;
 640         }
 641
 642         fprintf(stderr, "Failed to run command '%s': %s\n",
 643                 cmd, strerror_r(errno, sbuf, sizeof(sbuf)));
 644 out:
 645         return 1;
 646 }