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[deliverable/linux.git] / Documentation / devices.txt
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1da177e4
LT		 1
2 LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES (2.6+ version)
3
04c860c1 4 Maintained by Alan Cox <device@lanana.org>
1da177e4 5
e379ec7c 6 Last revised: 6th April 2009
1da177e4
LT		 7
8This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
9device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
10system.
11
12The latest version of this list is available from
13http://www.lanana.org/docs/device-list/ or
14ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/. This version may be
15newer than the one distributed with the Linux kernel.
16
17The LaTeX version of this document is no longer maintained.
18
19This document is included by reference into the Filesystem Hierarchy
20Standard (FHS). The FHS is available from http://www.pathname.com/fhs/.
21
22Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
23platform only. Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
24the Atari platform only.
25
26The symbol {2.6} means the allocation is obsolete and scheduled for
27removal once kernel version 2.6 (or equivalent) is released. Some of these
28allocations have already been removed.
29
30This document is in the public domain. The author requests, however,
31that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
32permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
33an unreasonable effort.
34
35In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
36least not without contacting me first.
37
38I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
39on this list. Any such information requests will be deleted without
40reply.
41
42
43 **** DEVICE DRIVERS AUTHORS PLEASE READ THIS ****
44
45To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
46where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
47appropriate device information. Also, if you have additional
48information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
49made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.
50
51I do, however, make a few requests about the nature of your report.
52This is necessary for me to be able to keep this list up to date and
53correct in a timely manner. First of all, *please* send it to the
54correct address... <device@lanana.org>. I receive hundreds of email
55messages a day, so mail sent to other addresses may very well get lost
56in the avalanche. Please put in a descriptive subject, so I can find
57your mail again should I need to. Too many people send me email
58saying just "device number request" in the subject.
59
60Second, please include a description of the device *in the same format
61as this list*. The reason for this is that it is the only way I have
62found to ensure I have all the requisite information to publish your
63device and avoid conflicts.
64
65Third, please don't assume that the distributed version of the list is
66up to date. Due to the number of registrations I have to maintain it
67in "batch mode", so there is likely additional registrations that
68haven't been listed yet.
69
04c860c1
AC		 70Fourth, remember that Linux now has extensive support for dynamic allocation
71of device numbering and can use sysfs and udev to handle the naming needs.
72There are still some exceptions in the serial and boot device area. Before
73asking for a device number make sure you actually need one.
74
1da177e4
LT		 75Finally, sometimes I have to play "namespace police." Please don't be
76offended. I often get submissions for /dev names that would be bound
77to cause conflicts down the road. I am trying to avoid getting in a
78situation where we would have to suffer an incompatible forward
79change. Therefore, please consult with me *before* you make your
80device names and numbers in any way public, at least to the point
81where it would be at all difficult to get them changed.
82
83Your cooperation is appreciated.
84
85
86 0 Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
87 0 = reserved as null device number
88 See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.
89
90 1 char Memory devices
91 1 = /dev/mem Physical memory access
92 2 = /dev/kmem Kernel virtual memory access
93 3 = /dev/null Null device
94 4 = /dev/port I/O port access
95 5 = /dev/zero Null byte source
96 6 = /dev/core OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
97 7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write
98 8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen.
99 9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
5d3f083d 100 10 = /dev/aio Asynchronous I/O notification interface
3b552b92
KS		 101 11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's, reads
102 export the buffered printk records.
a11edb59 103 12 = /dev/oldmem OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/vmcore
30aaa5c6 104
1da177e4
LT		 105 1 block RAM disk
106 0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk
107 1 = /dev/ram1 Second RAM disk
108 ...
04c860c1 109 250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk
1da177e4
LT		 110
111 Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
112 /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
113 by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
114 the initrd.
115
116 2 char Pseudo-TTY masters
117 0 = /dev/ptyp0 First PTY master
118 1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master
119 ...
120 255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master
121
122 Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
123 * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
124 * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
125 the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
126 * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
127 the position within the series.
128
129 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
130 devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
131 master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
132 demand.
30aaa5c6 133
1da177e4
LT		 134 2 block Floppy disks
135 0 = /dev/fd0 Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
136 1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
137 2 = /dev/fd2 Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
138 3 = /dev/fd3 Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
139 128 = /dev/fd4 Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
140 129 = /dev/fd5 Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
141 130 = /dev/fd6 Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
142 131 = /dev/fd7 Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
143
144 To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
145 0 = /dev/fd? Autodetect format
146 4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25" 360K in a 360K drive(1)
147 20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25" 360K in a 1200K drive(1)
148 48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25" 410K in a 1200K drive
149 64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25" 420K in a 1200K drive
150 24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25" 720K in a 1200K drive
151 80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25" 880K in a 1200K drive(1)
152 8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
153 40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
154 56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
155 72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
156 92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
157
158 12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5" 360K Double Density(2)
159 16 = /dev/fd?u720 3.5" 720K Double Density(1)
160 120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5" 800K Double Density(2)
161 52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5" 820K Double Density
162 68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5" 830K Double Density
163 84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5" 1040K Double Density(1)
164 88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5" 1120K Double Density(1)
165 28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5" 1440K High Density(1)
166 124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5" 1600K High Density(1)
167 44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5" 1680K High Density(3)
168 60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5" 1722K High Density
169 76 = /dev/fd?u1743 3.5" 1743K High Density
170 96 = /dev/fd?u1760 3.5" 1760K High Density
171 116 = /dev/fd?u1840 3.5" 1840K High Density(3)
172 100 = /dev/fd?u1920 3.5" 1920K High Density(1)
173 32 = /dev/fd?u2880 3.5" 2880K Extra Density(1)
174 104 = /dev/fd?u3200 3.5" 3200K Extra Density
175 108 = /dev/fd?u3520 3.5" 3520K Extra Density
176 112 = /dev/fd?u3840 3.5" 3840K Extra Density(1)
177
178 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
179
180 (1) Autodetectable format
181 (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
182 (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
183
184 NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
185 signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
186 5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
187 (any model, u). The use of the capital letters D, H
188 and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
189 the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
190
191 3 char Pseudo-TTY slaves
192 0 = /dev/ttyp0 First PTY slave
193 1 = /dev/ttyp1 Second PTY slave
194 ...
195 255 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave
196
197 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
198 devices are on major 136 and above.
199
200 3 block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
201 0 = /dev/hda Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
202 64 = /dev/hdb Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
203
204 For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
205 0 = /dev/hd? Whole disk
206 1 = /dev/hd?1 First partition
207 2 = /dev/hd?2 Second partition
208 ...
209 63 = /dev/hd?63 63rd partition
210
211 For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
212 partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
213 Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
214 appropriate to their respective architectures.
215
216 4 char TTY devices
217 0 = /dev/tty0 Current virtual console
218
219 1 = /dev/tty1 First virtual console
220 ...
221 63 = /dev/tty63 63rd virtual console
222 64 = /dev/ttyS0 First UART serial port
223 ...
224 255 = /dev/ttyS191 192nd UART serial port
225
226 UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.
227
228 Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
229 number for BSD PTY devices. As of Linux 2.1.115, this
230 is no longer supported. Use major numbers 2 and 3.
231
232 4 block Aliases for dynamically allocated major devices to be used
233 when its not possible to create the real device nodes
234 because the root filesystem is mounted read-only.
235
236 0 = /dev/root
237
238 5 char Alternate TTY devices
239 0 = /dev/tty Current TTY device
240 1 = /dev/console System console
241 2 = /dev/ptmx PTY master multiplex
24b4b67d 242 3 = /dev/ttyprintk User messages via printk TTY device
1da177e4
LT		 243 64 = /dev/cua0 Callout device for ttyS0
244 ...
245 255 = /dev/cua191 Callout device for ttyS191
246
247 (5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71. See
248 the section on terminal devices for more information
249 on /dev/console.
250
251 6 char Parallel printer devices
252 0 = /dev/lp0 Parallel printer on parport0
253 1 = /dev/lp1 Parallel printer on parport1
254 ...
255
256 Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
257 between parallel ports and I/O addresses. Instead,
258 they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
259
260 7 char Virtual console capture devices
261 0 = /dev/vcs Current vc text contents
262 1 = /dev/vcs1 tty1 text contents
263 ...
264 63 = /dev/vcs63 tty63 text contents
265 128 = /dev/vcsa Current vc text/attribute contents
266 129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents
267 ...
268 191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents
30aaa5c6 269
1da177e4
LT		 270 NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
271
272 7 block Loopback devices
11420211
JE		 273 0 = /dev/loop0 First loop device
274 1 = /dev/loop1 Second loop device
1da177e4
LT		 275 ...
276
11420211 277 The loop devices are used to mount filesystems not
1da177e4 278 associated with block devices. The binding to the
11420211 279 loop devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
1da177e4
LT		 280
281 8 block SCSI disk devices (0-15)
282 0 = /dev/sda First SCSI disk whole disk
283 16 = /dev/sdb Second SCSI disk whole disk
284 32 = /dev/sdc Third SCSI disk whole disk
285 ...
286 240 = /dev/sdp Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
287
288 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
289 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
290 partitions is 15.
291
292 9 char SCSI tape devices
293 0 = /dev/st0 First SCSI tape, mode 0
294 1 = /dev/st1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0
295 ...
296 32 = /dev/st0l First SCSI tape, mode 1
297 33 = /dev/st1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1
298 ...
299 64 = /dev/st0m First SCSI tape, mode 2
300 65 = /dev/st1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2
301 ...
302 96 = /dev/st0a First SCSI tape, mode 3
303 97 = /dev/st1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3
304 ...
305 128 = /dev/nst0 First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
306 129 = /dev/nst1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
307 ...
308 160 = /dev/nst0l First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
309 161 = /dev/nst1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
310 ...
311 192 = /dev/nst0m First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
312 193 = /dev/nst1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
313 ...
314 224 = /dev/nst0a First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
315 225 = /dev/nst1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
316 ...
317
318 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
319 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
320 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
321 the device used to access it.
322
323 9 block Metadisk (RAID) devices
324 0 = /dev/md0 First metadisk group
325 1 = /dev/md1 Second metadisk group
326 ...
327
328 The metadisk driver is used to span a
329 filesystem across multiple physical disks.
330
331 10 char Non-serial mice, misc features
332 0 = /dev/logibm Logitech bus mouse
333 1 = /dev/psaux PS/2-style mouse port
334 2 = /dev/inportbm Microsoft Inport bus mouse
335 3 = /dev/atibm ATI XL bus mouse
336 4 = /dev/jbm J-mouse
337 4 = /dev/amigamouse Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
338 5 = /dev/atarimouse Atari mouse
339 6 = /dev/sunmouse Sun mouse
340 7 = /dev/amigamouse1 Second Amiga mouse
341 8 = /dev/smouse Simple serial mouse driver
342 9 = /dev/pc110pad IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
343 10 = /dev/adbmouse Apple Desktop Bus mouse
344 11 = /dev/vrtpanel Vr41xx embedded touch panel
345 13 = /dev/vpcmouse Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
346 14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00 UCB 1x00 touchscreen
347 15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712 MK712 touchscreen
348 128 = /dev/beep Fancy beep device
04c860c1 349 129 =
1da177e4
LT		 350 130 = /dev/watchdog Watchdog timer port
351 131 = /dev/temperature Machine internal temperature
352 132 = /dev/hwtrap Hardware fault trap
353 133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap
354 134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS
355 135 = /dev/rtc Real Time Clock
b075dd40 356 137 = /dev/vhci Bluetooth virtual HCI driver
1da177e4
LT		 357 139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM
358 140 = /dev/relay8 Berkshire Products Octal relay card
359 141 = /dev/relay16 Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
04c860c1 360 142 =
1da177e4
LT		 361 143 = /dev/pciconf PCI configuration space
362 144 = /dev/nvram Non-volatile configuration RAM
04c860c1 363 145 = /dev/hfmodem Soundcard shortwave modem control
1da177e4
LT		 364 146 = /dev/graphics Linux/SGI graphics device
365 147 = /dev/opengl Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
366 148 = /dev/gfx Linux/SGI graphics effects device
367 149 = /dev/input/mouse Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
368 150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
369 151 = /dev/led Front panel LEDs
370 152 = /dev/kpoll Kernel Poll Driver
371 153 = /dev/mergemem Memory merge device
372 154 = /dev/pmu Macintosh PowerBook power manager
373 155 = /dev/isictl MultiTech ISICom serial control
374 156 = /dev/lcd Front panel LCD display
375 157 = /dev/ac Applicom Intl Profibus card
376 158 = /dev/nwbutton Netwinder external button
377 159 = /dev/nwdebug Netwinder debug interface
378 160 = /dev/nwflash Netwinder flash memory
379 161 = /dev/userdma User-space DMA access
380 162 = /dev/smbus System Management Bus
381 163 = /dev/lik Logitech Internet Keyboard
382 164 = /dev/ipmo Intel Intelligent Platform Management
bc28633e 383 165 = /dev/vmmon VMware virtual machine monitor
1da177e4
LT		 384 166 = /dev/i2o/ctl I2O configuration manager
385 167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
386 168 = /dev/tcldrv Technology Concepts serial control
387 169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
388 170 = /dev/thinkpad/thinkpad IBM Thinkpad devices
389 171 = /dev/srripc QNX4 API IPC manager
390 172 = /dev/usemaclone Semaphore clone device
391 173 = /dev/ipmikcs Intelligent Platform Management
392 174 = /dev/uctrl SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
393 175 = /dev/agpgart AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
394 176 = /dev/gtrsc Gorgy Timing radio clock
395 177 = /dev/cbm Serial CBM bus
396 178 = /dev/jsflash JavaStation OS flash SIMM
397 179 = /dev/xsvc High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
398 180 = /dev/vrbuttons Vr41xx button input device
399 181 = /dev/toshiba Toshiba laptop SMM support
400 182 = /dev/perfctr Performance-monitoring counters
401 183 = /dev/hwrng Generic random number generator
402 184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
403 186 = /dev/atomicps Atomic shapshot of process state data
404 187 = /dev/irnet IrNET device
405 188 = /dev/smbusbios SMBus BIOS
406 189 = /dev/ussp_ctl User space serial port control
407 190 = /dev/crash Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
408 191 = /dev/pcl181 <information missing>
409 192 = /dev/nas_xbus NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
410 193 = /dev/d7s SPARC 7-segment display
411 194 = /dev/zkshim Zero-Knowledge network shim control
412 195 = /dev/elographics/e2201 Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
8dcf94bc 413 196 = /dev/vfio/vfio VFIO userspace driver interface
dd97b241 414 197 = /dev/pxa3xx-gcu PXA3xx graphics controller unit driver
1da177e4
LT		 415 198 = /dev/sexec Signed executable interface
416 199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
417 200 = /dev/net/tun TAP/TUN network device
418 201 = /dev/button/gulpb Transmeta GULP-B buttons
419 202 = /dev/emd/ctl Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) control
cb2ffb26 420 203 = /dev/cuse Cuse (character device in user-space)
1da177e4
LT		 421 204 = /dev/video/em8300 EM8300 DVD decoder control
422 205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv EM8300 DVD decoder video
423 206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma EM8300 DVD decoder audio
424 207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
425 208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
426 209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid Compaq Remote Insight Driver
30aaa5c6 427 210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer
1da177e4
LT		 428 211 = /dev/impi/smic IMPI coprocessor stream interface
429 212 = /dev/watchdogs/0 First watchdog device
430 213 = /dev/watchdogs/1 Second watchdog device
431 214 = /dev/watchdogs/2 Third watchdog device
432 215 = /dev/watchdogs/3 Fourth watchdog device
433 216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
434 217 = /dev/ni/natmotn National Instruments Motion
435 218 = /dev/kchuid Inter-process chuid control
436 219 = /dev/modems/mwave MWave modem firmware upload
437 220 = /dev/mptctl Message passing technology (MPT) control
438 221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
439 222 = /dev/mvista/hasi Montavista PICMG high availability
440 223 = /dev/input/uinput User level driver support for input
441 224 = /dev/tpm TCPA TPM driver
442 225 = /dev/pps Pulse Per Second driver
443 226 = /dev/systrace Systrace device
444 227 = /dev/mcelog X86_64 Machine Check Exception driver
445 228 = /dev/hpet HPET driver
446 229 = /dev/fuse Fuse (virtual filesystem in user-space)
447 230 = /dev/midishare MidiShare driver
04c860c1
AC		 448 231 = /dev/snapshot System memory snapshot device
449 232 = /dev/kvm Kernel-based virtual machine (hardware virtualization extensions)
450 233 = /dev/kmview View-OS A process with a view
578454ff
KS		 451 234 = /dev/btrfs-control Btrfs control device
452 235 = /dev/autofs Autofs control device
7e507eb6 453 236 = /dev/mapper/control Device-Mapper control device
7c7c7f01 454 237 = /dev/loop-control Loopback control device
455 238 = /dev/vhost-net Host kernel accelerator for virtio net
dd97b241 456 239 = /dev/uhid User-space I/O driver support for HID subsystem
7c7c7f01 457
1da177e4
LT		 458 240-254 Reserved for local use
459 255 Reserved for MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR
460
461 11 char Raw keyboard device (Linux/SPARC only)
462 0 = /dev/kbd Raw keyboard device
463
464 11 char Serial Mux device (Linux/PA-RISC only)
465 0 = /dev/ttyB0 First mux port
466 1 = /dev/ttyB1 Second mux port
467 ...
468
469 11 block SCSI CD-ROM devices
470 0 = /dev/scd0 First SCSI CD-ROM
471 1 = /dev/scd1 Second SCSI CD-ROM
472 ...
473
474 The prefix /dev/sr (instead of /dev/scd) has been deprecated.
475
476 12 char QIC-02 tape
477 2 = /dev/ntpqic11 QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
478 3 = /dev/tpqic11 QIC-11, rewind-on-close
479 4 = /dev/ntpqic24 QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
480 5 = /dev/tpqic24 QIC-24, rewind-on-close
481 6 = /dev/ntpqic120 QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
482 7 = /dev/tpqic120 QIC-120, rewind-on-close
483 8 = /dev/ntpqic150 QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
484 9 = /dev/tpqic150 QIC-150, rewind-on-close
485
486 The device names specified are proposed -- if there
487 are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
488
04c860c1 489 12 block
1da177e4
LT		 490
491 13 char Input core
492 0 = /dev/input/js0 First joystick
493 1 = /dev/input/js1 Second joystick
494 ...
495 32 = /dev/input/mouse0 First mouse
496 33 = /dev/input/mouse1 Second mouse
497 ...
498 63 = /dev/input/mice Unified mouse
499 64 = /dev/input/event0 First event queue
500 65 = /dev/input/event1 Second event queue
501 ...
502
503 Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).
504
1fbeeba3
LW		 505 13 block Previously used for the XT disk (/dev/xdN)
506 Deleted in kernel v3.9.
1da177e4
LT		 507
508 14 char Open Sound System (OSS)
509 0 = /dev/mixer Mixer control
510 1 = /dev/sequencer Audio sequencer
511 2 = /dev/midi00 First MIDI port
512 3 = /dev/dsp Digital audio
513 4 = /dev/audio Sun-compatible digital audio
04c860c1 514 6 =
1da177e4
LT		 515 7 = /dev/audioctl SPARC audio control device
516 8 = /dev/sequencer2 Sequencer -- alternate device
517 16 = /dev/mixer1 Second soundcard mixer control
518 17 = /dev/patmgr0 Sequencer patch manager
519 18 = /dev/midi01 Second MIDI port
520 19 = /dev/dsp1 Second soundcard digital audio
521 20 = /dev/audio1 Second soundcard Sun digital audio
522 33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager
523 34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port
524 50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port
30aaa5c6 525
04c860c1 526 14 block
1da177e4
LT		 527
528 15 char Joystick
529 0 = /dev/js0 First analog joystick
530 1 = /dev/js1 Second analog joystick
531 ...
532 128 = /dev/djs0 First digital joystick
533 129 = /dev/djs1 Second digital joystick
534 ...
535 15 block Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
536 0 = /dev/sonycd Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM
537
538 16 char Non-SCSI scanners
539 0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner
30aaa5c6 540
1da177e4
LT		 541 16 block GoldStar CD-ROM
542 0 = /dev/gscd GoldStar CD-ROM
543
04c860c1 544 17 char OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card)
1da177e4
LT		 545 0 = /dev/ttyH0 First Chase port
546 1 = /dev/ttyH1 Second Chase port
547 ...
548 17 block Optics Storage CD-ROM
549 0 = /dev/optcd Optics Storage CD-ROM
550
04c860c1 551 18 char OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card - alternate devices)
1da177e4
LT		 552 0 = /dev/cuh0 Callout device for ttyH0
553 1 = /dev/cuh1 Callout device for ttyH1
554 ...
555 18 block Sanyo CD-ROM
556 0 = /dev/sjcd Sanyo CD-ROM
557
558 19 char Cyclades serial card
559 0 = /dev/ttyC0 First Cyclades port
560 ...
561 31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port
30aaa5c6 562
1da177e4
LT		 563 19 block "Double" compressed disk
564 0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk
565 ...
566 7 = /dev/double7 Eighth compressed disk
567 128 = /dev/cdouble0 Mirror of first compressed disk
568 ...
569 135 = /dev/cdouble7 Mirror of eighth compressed disk
570
571 See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
572 mirror devices.
573
574 20 char Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
575 0 = /dev/cub0 Callout device for ttyC0
576 ...
577 31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device for ttyC31
30aaa5c6 578
1da177e4
LT		 579 20 block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
580 0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM
581
582 21 char Generic SCSI access
583 0 = /dev/sg0 First generic SCSI device
584 1 = /dev/sg1 Second generic SCSI device
585 ...
586
587 Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
588 this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
589 the system and is counter to standard Linux
590 device-naming practice.
591
592 21 block Acorn MFM hard drive interface
593 0 = /dev/mfma First MFM drive whole disk
594 64 = /dev/mfmb Second MFM drive whole disk
595
596 This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
597 Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
30aaa5c6 598 (see major number 3).
1da177e4
LT		 599
600 22 char Digiboard serial card
601 0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port
602 1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port
603 ...
604 22 block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
605 0 = /dev/hdc Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
606 64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
30aaa5c6 607
1da177e4
LT		 608 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
609 interface (see major number 3).
610
611 23 char Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
612 0 = /dev/cud0 Callout device for ttyD0
613 1 = /dev/cud1 Callout device for ttyD1
614 ...
615 23 block Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
616 0 = /dev/mcd Mitsumi CD-ROM
617
618 24 char Stallion serial card
619 0 = /dev/ttyE0 Stallion port 0 card 0
620 1 = /dev/ttyE1 Stallion port 1 card 0
621 ...
622 64 = /dev/ttyE64 Stallion port 0 card 1
623 65 = /dev/ttyE65 Stallion port 1 card 1
624 ...
625 128 = /dev/ttyE128 Stallion port 0 card 2
626 129 = /dev/ttyE129 Stallion port 1 card 2
627 ...
628 192 = /dev/ttyE192 Stallion port 0 card 3
629 193 = /dev/ttyE193 Stallion port 1 card 3
630 ...
631 24 block Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
632 0 = /dev/cdu535 Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
633
634 25 char Stallion serial card - alternate devices
635 0 = /dev/cue0 Callout device for ttyE0
636 1 = /dev/cue1 Callout device for ttyE1
637 ...
638 64 = /dev/cue64 Callout device for ttyE64
639 65 = /dev/cue65 Callout device for ttyE65
640 ...
641 128 = /dev/cue128 Callout device for ttyE128
642 129 = /dev/cue129 Callout device for ttyE129
643 ...
644 192 = /dev/cue192 Callout device for ttyE192
645 193 = /dev/cue193 Callout device for ttyE193
646 ...
647 25 block First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
648 0 = /dev/sbpcd0 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
649 1 = /dev/sbpcd1 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
650 2 = /dev/sbpcd2 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
651 3 = /dev/sbpcd3 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
652
04c860c1 653 26 char
30aaa5c6 654
1da177e4
LT		 655 26 block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
656 0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
657 1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
658 2 = /dev/sbpcd6 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
659 3 = /dev/sbpcd7 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
660
661 27 char QIC-117 tape
662 0 = /dev/qft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close
663 1 = /dev/qft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close
664 2 = /dev/qft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close
665 3 = /dev/qft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close
666 4 = /dev/nqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
667 5 = /dev/nqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
668 6 = /dev/nqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
669 7 = /dev/nqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
670 16 = /dev/zqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
671 17 = /dev/zqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
672 18 = /dev/zqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
673 19 = /dev/zqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
674 20 = /dev/nzqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
675 21 = /dev/nzqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
676 22 = /dev/nzqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
677 23 = /dev/nzqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
678 32 = /dev/rawqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
679 33 = /dev/rawqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
680 34 = /dev/rawqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
681 35 = /dev/rawqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
682 36 = /dev/nrawqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
683 37 = /dev/nrawqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
684 38 = /dev/nrawqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
685 39 = /dev/nrawqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
30aaa5c6 686
1da177e4
LT		 687 27 block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
688 0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
689 1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
690 2 = /dev/sbpcd10 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
691 3 = /dev/sbpcd11 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
692
693 28 char Stallion serial card - card programming
694 0 = /dev/staliomem0 First Stallion card I/O memory
695 1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory
696 2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory
697 3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
30aaa5c6 698
1da177e4
LT		 699 28 char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
700 0 = /dev/slm0 First SLM laser printer
701 1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer
702 ...
703 28 block Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
704 0 = /dev/sbpcd12 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
705 1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
706 2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
707 3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
30aaa5c6 708
1da177e4
LT		 709 28 block ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
710 0 = /dev/ada First ACSI disk whole disk
711 16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk
712 32 = /dev/adc Third ACSI disk whole disk
713 ...
714 240 = /dev/adp 16th ACSI disk whole disk
715
716 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
717 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
718 partitions is 15, like SCSI.
719
720 29 char Universal frame buffer
721 0 = /dev/fb0 First frame buffer
722 1 = /dev/fb1 Second frame buffer
723 ...
724 31 = /dev/fb31 32nd frame buffer
725
726 29 block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
727 0 = /dev/aztcd Aztech CD-ROM
728
729 30 char iBCS-2 compatibility devices
730 0 = /dev/socksys Socket access
731 1 = /dev/spx SVR3 local X interface
732 32 = /dev/inet/ip Network access
733 33 = /dev/inet/icmp
734 34 = /dev/inet/ggp
735 35 = /dev/inet/ipip
736 36 = /dev/inet/tcp
737 37 = /dev/inet/egp
738 38 = /dev/inet/pup
739 39 = /dev/inet/udp
740 40 = /dev/inet/idp
741 41 = /dev/inet/rawip
742
743 Additionally, iBCS-2 requires the following links:
744
745 /dev/ip -> /dev/inet/ip
746 /dev/icmp -> /dev/inet/icmp
747 /dev/ggp -> /dev/inet/ggp
748 /dev/ipip -> /dev/inet/ipip
749 /dev/tcp -> /dev/inet/tcp
750 /dev/egp -> /dev/inet/egp
751 /dev/pup -> /dev/inet/pup
752 /dev/udp -> /dev/inet/udp
753 /dev/idp -> /dev/inet/idp
754 /dev/rawip -> /dev/inet/rawip
755 /dev/inet/arp -> /dev/inet/udp
756 /dev/inet/rip -> /dev/inet/udp
757 /dev/nfsd -> /dev/socksys
758 /dev/X0R -> /dev/null (? apparently not required ?)
759
760 30 block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
761 0 = /dev/cm205cd Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
762
763 /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device. This
764 driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
765
766 31 char MPU-401 MIDI
767 0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port
768 1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port
30aaa5c6 769
1da177e4
LT		 770 31 block ROM/flash memory card
771 0 = /dev/rom0 First ROM card (rw)
772 ...
773 7 = /dev/rom7 Eighth ROM card (rw)
774 8 = /dev/rrom0 First ROM card (ro)
775 ...
776 15 = /dev/rrom7 Eighth ROM card (ro)
777 16 = /dev/flash0 First flash memory card (rw)
778 ...
779 23 = /dev/flash7 Eighth flash memory card (rw)
780 24 = /dev/rflash0 First flash memory card (ro)
781 ...
782 31 = /dev/rflash7 Eighth flash memory card (ro)
783
784 The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
785 written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
786 devices. The read-only devices (ro) support reading
787 only.
788
789 32 char Specialix serial card
790 0 = /dev/ttyX0 First Specialix port
791 1 = /dev/ttyX1 Second Specialix port
792 ...
793 32 block Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
794 0 = /dev/cm206cd Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
795
796 33 char Specialix serial card - alternate devices
797 0 = /dev/cux0 Callout device for ttyX0
798 1 = /dev/cux1 Callout device for ttyX1
799 ...
800 33 block Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
801 0 = /dev/hde Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
802 64 = /dev/hdf Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
803
804 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
805 interface (see major number 3).
806
807 34 char Z8530 HDLC driver
808 0 = /dev/scc0 First Z8530, first port
809 1 = /dev/scc1 First Z8530, second port
810 2 = /dev/scc2 Second Z8530, first port
811 3 = /dev/scc3 Second Z8530, second port
812 ...
813
814 In a previous version these devices were named
815 /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
816 on.
817
818 34 block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
819 0 = /dev/hdg Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
820 64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
30aaa5c6 821
1da177e4
LT		 822 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
823 interface (see major number 3).
824
825 35 char tclmidi MIDI driver
826 0 = /dev/midi0 First MIDI port, kernel timed
827 1 = /dev/midi1 Second MIDI port, kernel timed
828 2 = /dev/midi2 Third MIDI port, kernel timed
829 3 = /dev/midi3 Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
830 64 = /dev/rmidi0 First MIDI port, untimed
831 65 = /dev/rmidi1 Second MIDI port, untimed
832 66 = /dev/rmidi2 Third MIDI port, untimed
833 67 = /dev/rmidi3 Fourth MIDI port, untimed
834 128 = /dev/smpte0 First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
835 129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
836 130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
837 131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
30aaa5c6 838
1da177e4
LT		 839 35 block Slow memory ramdisk
840 0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk
841
842 36 char Netlink support
843 0 = /dev/route Routing, device updates, kernel to user
844 1 = /dev/skip enSKIP security cache control
845 3 = /dev/fwmonitor Firewall packet copies
846 16 = /dev/tap0 First Ethertap device
847 ...
848 31 = /dev/tap15 16th Ethertap device
30aaa5c6 849
bb8187d3 850 36 block OBSOLETE (was MCA ESDI hard disk)
1da177e4
LT		 851
852 37 char IDE tape
853 0 = /dev/ht0 First IDE tape
854 1 = /dev/ht1 Second IDE tape
855 ...
856 128 = /dev/nht0 First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
857 129 = /dev/nht1 Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
858 ...
859
860 Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
861
862 37 block Zorro II ramdisk
863 0 = /dev/z2ram Zorro II ramdisk
864
865 38 char Myricom PCI Myrinet board
866 0 = /dev/mlanai0 First Myrinet board
867 1 = /dev/mlanai1 Second Myrinet board
868 ...
869
870 This device is used for status query, board control
871 and "user level packet I/O." This board is also
872 accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
873
04c860c1 874 38 block OBSOLETE (was Linux/AP+)
1da177e4
LT		 875
876 39 char ML-16P experimental I/O board
877 0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0 First card, first analog channel
878 1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1 First card, second analog channel
879 ...
880 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15 First card, 16th analog channel
881 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d First card, digital lines
882 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0 First card, first counter/timer
883 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1 First card, second counter/timer
884 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2 First card, third counter/timer
885 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0 Second card, first analog channel
886 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1 Second card, second analog channel
887 ...
888 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15 Second card, 16th analog channel
889 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d Second card, digital lines
890 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0 Second card, first counter/timer
891 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1 Second card, second counter/timer
892 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2 Second card, third counter/timer
893 ...
04c860c1 894 39 block
1da177e4 895
04c860c1 896 40 char
30aaa5c6 897
04c860c1 898 40 block
1da177e4
LT		 899
900 41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor
901 0 = /dev/yamm Yet Another Micro Monitor
30aaa5c6 902
04c860c1 903 41 block
1da177e4
LT		 904
905 42 char Demo/sample use
30aaa5c6 906
1da177e4
LT		 907 42 block Demo/sample use
908
909 This number is intended for use in sample code, as
910 well as a general "example" device number. It
911 should never be used for a device driver that is being
912 distributed; either obtain an official number or use
913 the local/experimental range. The sudden addition or
914 removal of a driver with this number should not cause
915 ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
916
917 IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
918 DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
919
920 43 char isdn4linux virtual modem
921 0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem
922 ...
923 63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem
30aaa5c6 924
1da177e4
LT		 925 43 block Network block devices
926 0 = /dev/nb0 First network block device
927 1 = /dev/nb1 Second network block device
928 ...
929
930 Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
931 devices: If you read from it, it sends packet across
932 network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
933 sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
934 to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
935 the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
936
937 44 char isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
938 0 = /dev/cui0 Callout device for ttyI0
939 ...
940 63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device for ttyI63
30aaa5c6 941
1da177e4
LT		 942 44 block Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
943 0 = /dev/ftla FTL on first Memory Technology Device
944 16 = /dev/ftlb FTL on second Memory Technology Device
945 32 = /dev/ftlc FTL on third Memory Technology Device
946 ...
30aaa5c6 947 240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
1da177e4
LT		 948
949 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
11420211 950 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
1da177e4
LT		 951 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
952
953 45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
954 0 = /dev/isdn0 First virtual B channel raw data
955 ...
956 63 = /dev/isdn63 64th virtual B channel raw data
957 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0 First channel control/debug
958 ...
959 127 = /dev/isdnctrl63 64th channel control/debug
960
961 128 = /dev/ippp0 First SyncPPP device
962 ...
963 191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device
964
965 255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface
30aaa5c6 966
1da177e4
LT		 967 45 block Parallel port IDE disk devices
968 0 = /dev/pda First parallel port IDE disk
969 16 = /dev/pdb Second parallel port IDE disk
970 32 = /dev/pdc Third parallel port IDE disk
971 48 = /dev/pdd Fourth parallel port IDE disk
972
973 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
974 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
975 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
976
977 46 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card
978 0 = /dev/ttyR0 First Rocketport port
979 1 = /dev/ttyR1 Second Rocketport port
980 ...
981 46 block Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
982 0 = /dev/pcd0 First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
983 1 = /dev/pcd1 Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
984 2 = /dev/pcd2 Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
985 3 = /dev/pcd3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
986
987 47 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
988 0 = /dev/cur0 Callout device for ttyR0
989 1 = /dev/cur1 Callout device for ttyR1
990 ...
991 47 block Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
992 0 = /dev/pf0 First parallel port ATAPI disk
993 1 = /dev/pf1 Second parallel port ATAPI disk
994 2 = /dev/pf2 Third parallel port ATAPI disk
995 3 = /dev/pf3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
996
997 This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
998 devices and hence does not support partitioning.
999
1000 48 char SDL RISCom serial card
1001 0 = /dev/ttyL0 First RISCom port
1002 1 = /dev/ttyL1 Second RISCom port
1003 ...
1004 48 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
1005 0 = /dev/rd/c0d0 First disk, whole disk
1006 8 = /dev/rd/c0d1 Second disk, whole disk
1007 ...
1008 248 = /dev/rd/c0d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1009
1010 For partitions add:
1011 0 = /dev/rd/c?d? Whole disk
1012 1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1 First partition
1013 ...
1014 7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7 Seventh partition
1015
1016 49 char SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
1017 0 = /dev/cul0 Callout device for ttyL0
1018 1 = /dev/cul1 Callout device for ttyL1
1019 ...
1020 49 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
1021 0 = /dev/rd/c1d0 First disk, whole disk
1022 8 = /dev/rd/c1d1 Second disk, whole disk
1023 ...
1024 248 = /dev/rd/c1d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1025
1026 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1027
1028 50 char Reserved for GLINT
1029
1030 50 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
1031 0 = /dev/rd/c2d0 First disk, whole disk
1032 8 = /dev/rd/c2d1 Second disk, whole disk
1033 ...
1034 248 = /dev/rd/c2d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1035
1036 51 char Baycom radio modem OR Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
1037 0 = /dev/bc0 First Baycom radio modem
1038 1 = /dev/bc1 Second Baycom radio modem
1039 ...
1040 51 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
1041 0 = /dev/rd/c3d0 First disk, whole disk
1042 8 = /dev/rd/c3d1 Second disk, whole disk
1043 ...
1044 248 = /dev/rd/c3d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1045
1046 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1047
1048 52 char Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
1049 0 = /dev/dcbri0 First DataComm card
1050 1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card
1051 2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card
1052 3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card
30aaa5c6 1053
1da177e4
LT		 1054 52 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
1055 0 = /dev/rd/c4d0 First disk, whole disk
1056 8 = /dev/rd/c4d1 Second disk, whole disk
1057 ...
1058 248 = /dev/rd/c4d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1059
1060 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1061
1062 53 char BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
1063 0 = /dev/pd_bdm0 PD BDM interface on lp0
1064 1 = /dev/pd_bdm1 PD BDM interface on lp1
1065 2 = /dev/pd_bdm2 PD BDM interface on lp2
1066 4 = /dev/icd_bdm0 ICD BDM interface on lp0
1067 5 = /dev/icd_bdm1 ICD BDM interface on lp1
1068 6 = /dev/icd_bdm2 ICD BDM interface on lp2
1069
1070 This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
1071 microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
1072 Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
1073 Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
1074 by P&E.
1075
1076 53 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
1077 0 = /dev/rd/c5d0 First disk, whole disk
1078 8 = /dev/rd/c5d1 Second disk, whole disk
1079 ...
1080 248 = /dev/rd/c5d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1081
1082 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1083
1084 54 char Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
1085 0 = /dev/holter0 First Holter port
1086 1 = /dev/holter1 Second Holter port
1087 2 = /dev/holter2 Third Holter port
1088
1089 A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
1090 <mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter
1091 24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
1092
1093 54 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; seventh controller
1094 0 = /dev/rd/c6d0 First disk, whole disk
1095 8 = /dev/rd/c6d1 Second disk, whole disk
1096 ...
1097 248 = /dev/rd/c6d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1098
1099 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1100
1101 55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor
1102 0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001
30aaa5c6 1103
5d3f083d 1104 55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1105 0 = /dev/rd/c7d0 First disk, whole disk
1106 8 = /dev/rd/c7d1 Second disk, whole disk
1107 ...
1108 248 = /dev/rd/c7d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1109
1110 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1111
1112 56 char Apple Desktop Bus
1113 0 = /dev/adb ADB bus control
1114
1115 Additional devices will be added to this number, all
1116 starting with /dev/adb.
1117
1118 56 block Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1119 0 = /dev/hdi Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1120 64 = /dev/hdj Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1121
1122 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1123 interface (see major number 3).
1124
1125 57 char Hayes ESP serial card
1126 0 = /dev/ttyP0 First ESP port
1127 1 = /dev/ttyP1 Second ESP port
1128 ...
1129
1130 57 block Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1131 0 = /dev/hdk Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1132 64 = /dev/hdl Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1133
1134 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1135 interface (see major number 3).
1136
1137 58 char Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
1138 0 = /dev/cup0 Callout device for ttyP0
1139 1 = /dev/cup1 Callout device for ttyP1
1140 ...
30aaa5c6 1141
1da177e4
LT		 1142 58 block Reserved for logical volume manager
1143
1144 59 char sf firewall package
1145 0 = /dev/firewall Communication with sf kernel module
1146
1147 59 block Generic PDA filesystem device
1148 0 = /dev/pda0 First PDA device
1149 1 = /dev/pda1 Second PDA device
1150 ...
1151
1152 The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
1153 remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
1154 proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
1155 running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
1156 IRDA / parallel links.
1157
1158 NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc
1159
1160 60-63 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 1161
1da177e4
LT		 1162 60-63 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1163 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
1164 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
1165 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
1166
1167 64 char ENskip kernel encryption package
1168 0 = /dev/enskip Communication with ENskip kernel module
1169
1170 64 block Scramdisk/DriveCrypt encrypted devices
1171 0 = /dev/scramdisk/master Master node for ioctls
1172 1 = /dev/scramdisk/1 First encrypted device
1173 2 = /dev/scramdisk/2 Second encrypted device
1174 ...
1175 255 = /dev/scramdisk/255 255th encrypted device
1176
1177 The filename of the encrypted container and the passwords
1178 are sent via ioctls (using the sdmount tool) to the master
1179 node which then activates them via one of the
11420211 1180 /dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loop mounting (all handled
1da177e4
LT		 1181 through the sdmount tool).
1182
1183 Requested by: andy@scramdisklinux.org
1184
1185 65 char Sundance "plink" Transputer boards (obsolete, unused)
1186 0 = /dev/plink0 First plink device
1187 1 = /dev/plink1 Second plink device
1188 2 = /dev/plink2 Third plink device
1189 3 = /dev/plink3 Fourth plink device
1190 64 = /dev/rplink0 First plink device, raw
1191 65 = /dev/rplink1 Second plink device, raw
1192 66 = /dev/rplink2 Third plink device, raw
1193 67 = /dev/rplink3 Fourth plink device, raw
1194 128 = /dev/plink0d First plink device, debug
1195 129 = /dev/plink1d Second plink device, debug
1196 130 = /dev/plink2d Third plink device, debug
1197 131 = /dev/plink3d Fourth plink device, debug
1198 192 = /dev/rplink0d First plink device, raw, debug
1199 193 = /dev/rplink1d Second plink device, raw, debug
1200 194 = /dev/rplink2d Third plink device, raw, debug
1201 195 = /dev/rplink3d Fourth plink device, raw, debug
1202
1203 This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
1204 <jth@prosig.demon.co.uk> for information.
1205
1206 65 block SCSI disk devices (16-31)
1207 0 = /dev/sdq 17th SCSI disk whole disk
1208 16 = /dev/sdr 18th SCSI disk whole disk
1209 32 = /dev/sds 19th SCSI disk whole disk
1210 ...
1211 240 = /dev/sdaf 32nd SCSI disk whole disk
1212
1213 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1214 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1215 partitions is 15.
1216
1217 66 char YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
1218 0 = /dev/yppcpci0 First YARC card
1219 1 = /dev/yppcpci1 Second YARC card
1220 ...
1221
1222 66 block SCSI disk devices (32-47)
1223 0 = /dev/sdag 33th SCSI disk whole disk
1224 16 = /dev/sdah 34th SCSI disk whole disk
1225 32 = /dev/sdai 35th SCSI disk whole disk
1226 ...
1227 240 = /dev/sdav 48nd SCSI disk whole disk
1228
1229 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1230 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1231 partitions is 15.
1232
1233 67 char Coda network file system
1234 0 = /dev/cfs0 Coda cache manager
1235
1236 See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.
1237
1238 67 block SCSI disk devices (48-63)
1239 0 = /dev/sdaw 49th SCSI disk whole disk
1240 16 = /dev/sdax 50th SCSI disk whole disk
1241 32 = /dev/sday 51st SCSI disk whole disk
1242 ...
1243 240 = /dev/sdbl 64th SCSI disk whole disk
1244
1245 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1246 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1247 partitions is 15.
1248
1249 68 char CAPI 2.0 interface
1250 0 = /dev/capi20 Control device
1251 1 = /dev/capi20.00 First CAPI 2.0 application
1252 2 = /dev/capi20.01 Second CAPI 2.0 application
1253 ...
1254 20 = /dev/capi20.19 19th CAPI 2.0 application
1255
1256 ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
1257 applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.
1258
1259 68 block SCSI disk devices (64-79)
1260 0 = /dev/sdbm 65th SCSI disk whole disk
1261 16 = /dev/sdbn 66th SCSI disk whole disk
1262 32 = /dev/sdbo 67th SCSI disk whole disk
1263 ...
1264 240 = /dev/sdcb 80th SCSI disk whole disk
1265
1266 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1267 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1268 partitions is 15.
1269
1270 69 char MA16 numeric accelerator card
1271 0 = /dev/ma16 Board memory access
1272
1273 69 block SCSI disk devices (80-95)
1274 0 = /dev/sdcc 81st SCSI disk whole disk
1275 16 = /dev/sdcd 82nd SCSI disk whole disk
1276 32 = /dev/sdce 83th SCSI disk whole disk
1277 ...
1278 240 = /dev/sdcr 96th SCSI disk whole disk
1279
1280 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1281 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1282 partitions is 15.
1283
1284 70 char SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
1285 0 = /dev/apscfg Configuration interface
1286 1 = /dev/apsauth Authentication interface
1287 2 = /dev/apslog Logging interface
1288 3 = /dev/apsdbg Debugging interface
1289 64 = /dev/apsisdn ISDN command interface
1290 65 = /dev/apsasync Async command interface
1291 128 = /dev/apsmon Monitor interface
1292
1293 70 block SCSI disk devices (96-111)
1294 0 = /dev/sdcs 97th SCSI disk whole disk
1295 16 = /dev/sdct 98th SCSI disk whole disk
1296 32 = /dev/sdcu 99th SCSI disk whole disk
1297 ...
1298 240 = /dev/sddh 112nd SCSI disk whole disk
1299
1300 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1301 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1302 partitions is 15.
1303
1304 71 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card
1305 0 = /dev/ttyF0 IntelliPort II board 0, port 0
1306 1 = /dev/ttyF1 IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
1307 ...
1308 63 = /dev/ttyF63 IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
1309 64 = /dev/ttyF64 IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
1310 65 = /dev/ttyF65 IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
1311 ...
1312 127 = /dev/ttyF127 IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
1313 128 = /dev/ttyF128 IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
1314 129 = /dev/ttyF129 IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
1315 ...
1316 191 = /dev/ttyF191 IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
1317 192 = /dev/ttyF192 IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
1318 193 = /dev/ttyF193 IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
1319 ...
1320 255 = /dev/ttyF255 IntelliPort II board 3, port 63
1321
1322 71 block SCSI disk devices (112-127)
1323 0 = /dev/sddi 113th SCSI disk whole disk
1324 16 = /dev/sddj 114th SCSI disk whole disk
1325 32 = /dev/sddk 115th SCSI disk whole disk
1326 ...
1327 240 = /dev/sddx 128th SCSI disk whole disk
1328
1329 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1330 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1331 partitions is 15.
1332
1333 72 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
1334 0 = /dev/cuf0 Callout device for ttyF0
1335 1 = /dev/cuf1 Callout device for ttyF1
1336 ...
1337 63 = /dev/cuf63 Callout device for ttyF63
1338 64 = /dev/cuf64 Callout device for ttyF64
1339 65 = /dev/cuf65 Callout device for ttyF65
1340 ...
1341 127 = /dev/cuf127 Callout device for ttyF127
1342 128 = /dev/cuf128 Callout device for ttyF128
1343 129 = /dev/cuf129 Callout device for ttyF129
1344 ...
1345 191 = /dev/cuf191 Callout device for ttyF191
1346 192 = /dev/cuf192 Callout device for ttyF192
1347 193 = /dev/cuf193 Callout device for ttyF193
1348 ...
1349 255 = /dev/cuf255 Callout device for ttyF255
1350
1351 72 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, first controller
1352 0 = /dev/ida/c0d0 First logical drive whole disk
1353 16 = /dev/ida/c0d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1354 ...
1355 240 = /dev/ida/c0d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1356
1357 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1358 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1359 partitions is 15.
1360
1361 73 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
1362 0 = /dev/ip2ipl0 Loadware device for board 0
1363 1 = /dev/ip2stat0 Status device for board 0
1364 4 = /dev/ip2ipl1 Loadware device for board 1
1365 5 = /dev/ip2stat1 Status device for board 1
1366 8 = /dev/ip2ipl2 Loadware device for board 2
1367 9 = /dev/ip2stat2 Status device for board 2
1368 12 = /dev/ip2ipl3 Loadware device for board 3
1369 13 = /dev/ip2stat3 Status device for board 3
1370
1371 73 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, second controller
1372 0 = /dev/ida/c1d0 First logical drive whole disk
1373 16 = /dev/ida/c1d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1374 ...
1375 240 = /dev/ida/c1d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1376
1377 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1378 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1379 partitions is 15.
1380
1381 74 char SCI bridge
1382 0 = /dev/SCI/0 SCI device 0
1383 1 = /dev/SCI/1 SCI device 1
1384 ...
1385
1386 Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
1387 bridge.
1388
1389 74 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, third controller
1390 0 = /dev/ida/c2d0 First logical drive whole disk
1391 16 = /dev/ida/c2d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1392 ...
1393 240 = /dev/ida/c2d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1394
1395 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1396 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1397 partitions is 15.
1398
1399 75 char Specialix IO8+ serial card
1400 0 = /dev/ttyW0 First IO8+ port, first card
1401 1 = /dev/ttyW1 Second IO8+ port, first card
1402 ...
1403 8 = /dev/ttyW8 First IO8+ port, second card
1404 ...
1405
1406 75 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fourth controller
1407 0 = /dev/ida/c3d0 First logical drive whole disk
1408 16 = /dev/ida/c3d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1409 ...
1410 240 = /dev/ida/c3d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1411
1412 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1413 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1414 partitions is 15.
1415
1416 76 char Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
1417 0 = /dev/cuw0 Callout device for ttyW0
1418 1 = /dev/cuw1 Callout device for ttyW1
1419 ...
1420 8 = /dev/cuw8 Callout device for ttyW8
1421 ...
1422
1423 76 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fifth controller
1424 0 = /dev/ida/c4d0 First logical drive whole disk
1425 16 = /dev/ida/c4d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1426 ...
1427 240 = /dev/ida/c4d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1428
1429 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1430 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1431 partitions is 15.
1432
1433
1434 77 char ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1435 0 = /dev/qng ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1436
1437 77 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, sixth controller
1438 0 = /dev/ida/c5d0 First logical drive whole disk
1439 16 = /dev/ida/c5d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1440 ...
1441 240 = /dev/ida/c5d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1442
1443 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1444 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1445 partitions is 15.
1446
1da177e4
LT		 1447 78 char PAM Software's multimodem boards
1448 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First PAM modem
1449 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second PAM modem
1450 ...
1451
1452 78 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, seventh controller
1453 0 = /dev/ida/c6d0 First logical drive whole disk
1454 16 = /dev/ida/c6d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1455 ...
1456 240 = /dev/ida/c6d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1457
1458 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1459 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1460 partitions is 15.
1461
1da177e4
LT		 1462 79 char PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
1463 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1464 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1465 ...
1466
5d3f083d 1467 79 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1468 0 = /dev/ida/c7d0 First logical drive whole disk
1469 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1470 ...
1471 240 = /dev/ida/c715 16th logical drive whole disk
1472
1473 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1474 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1475 partitions is 15.
1476
1da177e4
LT		 1477 80 char Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1478 0 = /dev/at200 Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1479
1480 80 block I2O hard disk
1481 0 = /dev/i2o/hda First I2O hard disk, whole disk
1482 16 = /dev/i2o/hdb Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
1483 ...
1484 240 = /dev/i2o/hdp 16th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1485
1486 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1487 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1488 partitions is 15.
1489
1490 81 char video4linux
1491 0 = /dev/video0 Video capture/overlay device
1492 ...
1493 63 = /dev/video63 Video capture/overlay device
1494 64 = /dev/radio0 Radio device
1495 ...
1496 127 = /dev/radio63 Radio device
5121288d
AP		 1497 128 = /dev/swradio0 Software Defined Radio device
1498 ...
1499 191 = /dev/swradio63 Software Defined Radio device
1da177e4
LT		 1500 224 = /dev/vbi0 Vertical blank interrupt
1501 ...
1502 255 = /dev/vbi31 Vertical blank interrupt
1503
5121288d
AP		 1504 Minor numbers are allocated dynamically unless
1505 CONFIG_VIDEO_FIXED_MINOR_RANGES (default n)
1506 configuration option is set.
1507
1da177e4
LT		 1508 81 block I2O hard disk
1509 0 = /dev/i2o/hdq 17th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1510 16 = /dev/i2o/hdr 18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1511 ...
1512 240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf 32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1513
1514 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1515 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1516 partitions is 15.
1517
1518 82 char WiNRADiO communications receiver card
1519 0 = /dev/winradio0 First WiNRADiO card
1520 1 = /dev/winradio1 Second WiNRADiO card
1521 ...
1522
1523 The driver and documentation may be obtained from
0ea6e611 1524 http://www.winradio.com/
1da177e4
LT		 1525
1526 82 block I2O hard disk
1527 0 = /dev/i2o/hdag 33rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1528 16 = /dev/i2o/hdah 34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1529 ...
1530 240 = /dev/i2o/hdav 48th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1531
1532 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1533 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1534 partitions is 15.
1535
1536 83 char Matrox mga_vid video driver
1537 0 = /dev/mga_vid0 1st video card
1538 1 = /dev/mga_vid1 2nd video card
1539 2 = /dev/mga_vid2 3rd video card
1540 ...
1541 15 = /dev/mga_vid15 16th video card
1542
1543 83 block I2O hard disk
1544 0 = /dev/i2o/hdaw 49th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1545 16 = /dev/i2o/hdax 50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1546 ...
1547 240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl 64th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1548
1549 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1550 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1551 partitions is 15.
1552
1553 84 char Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
1554 0 = /dev/ihcp0 First Greensheet port
1555 1 = /dev/ihcp1 Second Greensheet port
1556
1557 84 block I2O hard disk
1558 0 = /dev/i2o/hdbm 65th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1559 16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn 66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1560 ...
1561 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb 80th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1562
1563 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1564 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1565 partitions is 15.
1566
1567 85 char Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
1568 0 = /dev/shmiq Master shared input queue
1569 1 = /dev/qcntl0 First device pushed
1570 2 = /dev/qcntl1 Second device pushed
1571 ...
1572
1573 85 block I2O hard disk
1574 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcc 81st I2O hard disk, whole disk
1575 16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd 82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1576 ...
1577 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr 96th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1578
1579 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1580 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1581 partitions is 15.
1582
1583 86 char SCSI media changer
1584 0 = /dev/sch0 First SCSI media changer
1585 1 = /dev/sch1 Second SCSI media changer
1586 ...
1587
1588 86 block I2O hard disk
1589 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcs 97th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1590 16 = /dev/i2o/hdct 98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1591 ...
1592 240 = /dev/i2o/hddh 112th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1593
1594 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1595 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1596 partitions is 15.
1597
1598 87 char Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
1599 0 = /dev/controla0 First device on chain
1600 1 = /dev/controla1 Second device on chain
1601 ...
1602
1603 87 block I2O hard disk
1604 0 = /dev/i2o/hddi 113rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1605 16 = /dev/i2o/hddj 114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1606 ...
1607 240 = /dev/i2o/hddx 128th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1608
1609 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1610 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1611 partitions is 15.
1612
1613 88 char COMX synchronous serial card
1614 0 = /dev/comx0 COMX channel 0
1615 1 = /dev/comx1 COMX channel 1
1616 ...
1617
1618 88 block Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1619 0 = /dev/hdm Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1620 64 = /dev/hdn Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1621
1622 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1623 interface (see major number 3).
1624
1625 89 char I2C bus interface
1626 0 = /dev/i2c-0 First I2C adapter
1627 1 = /dev/i2c-1 Second I2C adapter
1628 ...
1629
1630 89 block Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1631 0 = /dev/hdo Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1632 64 = /dev/hdp Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1633
1634 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1635 interface (see major number 3).
1636
1637 90 char Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
1638 0 = /dev/mtd0 First MTD (rw)
1639 1 = /dev/mtdr0 First MTD (ro)
1640 ...
1641 30 = /dev/mtd15 16th MTD (rw)
1642 31 = /dev/mtdr15 16th MTD (ro)
1643
1644 90 block Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1645 0 = /dev/hdq Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1646 64 = /dev/hdr Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1647
1648 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1649 interface (see major number 3).
1650
1651 91 char CAN-Bus devices
1652 0 = /dev/can0 First CAN-Bus controller
1653 1 = /dev/can1 Second CAN-Bus controller
1654 ...
1655
1656 91 block Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1657 0 = /dev/hds Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1658 64 = /dev/hdt Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1659
1660 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1661 interface (see major number 3).
1662
1663 92 char Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card
1664
1665 92 block PPDD encrypted disk driver
1666 0 = /dev/ppdd0 First encrypted disk
1667 1 = /dev/ppdd1 Second encrypted disk
1668 ...
1669
1670 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1671 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1672 partitions is 15.
1673
04c860c1 1674 93 char
1da177e4
LT		 1675
1676 93 block NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
1677 0 = /dev/nftla First NFTL layer
1678 16 = /dev/nftlb Second NFTL layer
1679 ...
1680 240 = /dev/nftlp 16th NTFL layer
1681
04c860c1 1682 94 char
1da177e4 1683
30aaa5c6 1684 94 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage
1da177e4
LT		 1685 0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major
1686 1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1
1687 2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2
1688 3 = /dev/dasda3 First DASD device, block 3
1689 4 = /dev/dasdb Second DASD device, major
1690 5 = /dev/dasdb1 Second DASD device, block 1
1691 6 = /dev/dasdb2 Second DASD device, block 2
1692 7 = /dev/dasdb3 Second DASD device, block 3
1693 ...
1694
1695 95 char IP filter
1696 0 = /dev/ipl Filter control device/log file
1697 1 = /dev/ipnat NAT control device/log file
1698 2 = /dev/ipstate State information log file
1699 3 = /dev/ipauth Authentication control device/log file
30aaa5c6 1700 ...
1da177e4
LT		 1701
1702 96 char Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
1703 0 = /dev/pt0 First parallel port ATAPI tape
1704 1 = /dev/pt1 Second parallel port ATAPI tape
1705 ...
1706 128 = /dev/npt0 First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1707 129 = /dev/npt1 Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1708 ...
1709
30aaa5c6 1710 96 block Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
1da177e4
LT		 1711 0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer
1712 16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer
1713 ...
1714 240 = /dev/inftlp 16th INTFL layer
1715
1716 97 char Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
1717 0 = /dev/pg0 First parallel port ATAPI device
1718 1 = /dev/pg1 Second parallel port ATAPI device
1719 2 = /dev/pg2 Third parallel port ATAPI device
1720 3 = /dev/pg3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI device
1721
1722 These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
1723 devices.
1724
1da177e4
LT		 1725 98 char Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
1726 0 = /dev/comedi0 First comedi device
1727 1 = /dev/comedi1 Second comedi device
1728 ...
1729
0ea6e611 1730 See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi.
1da177e4
LT		 1731
1732 98 block User-mode virtual block device
1733 0 = /dev/ubda First user-mode block device
1734 16 = /dev/udbb Second user-mode block device
1735 ...
1736
1737 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1738 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1739 partitions is 15.
1740
1741 This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.
1742
1743 99 char Raw parallel ports
1744 0 = /dev/parport0 First parallel port
1745 1 = /dev/parport1 Second parallel port
1746 ...
1747
1748 99 block JavaStation flash disk
1749 0 = /dev/jsfd JavaStation flash disk
1750
1751100 char Telephony for Linux
1752 0 = /dev/phone0 First telephony device
1753 1 = /dev/phone1 Second telephony device
1754 ...
1755
1756101 char Motorola DSP 56xxx board
1757 0 = /dev/mdspstat Status information
1758 1 = /dev/mdsp1 First DSP board I/O controls
1759 ...
1760 16 = /dev/mdsp16 16th DSP board I/O controls
1761
1762101 block AMI HyperDisk RAID controller
1763 0 = /dev/amiraid/ar0 First array whole disk
1764 16 = /dev/amiraid/ar1 Second array whole disk
1765 ...
1766 240 = /dev/amiraid/ar15 16th array whole disk
1767
1768 For each device, partitions are added as:
1769 0 = /dev/amiraid/ar? Whole disk
1770 1 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p1 First partition
1771 2 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p2 Second partition
1772 ...
1773 15 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p15 15th partition
1774
04c860c1 1775102 char
1da177e4
LT		 1776
1777102 block Compressed block device
1778 0 = /dev/cbd/a First compressed block device, whole device
1779 16 = /dev/cbd/b Second compressed block device, whole device
1780 ...
1781 240 = /dev/cbd/p 16th compressed block device, whole device
1782
1783 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1784 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1785 partitions is 15.
1786
1787103 char Arla network file system
1788 0 = /dev/nnpfs0 First NNPFS device
1789 1 = /dev/nnpfs1 Second NNPFS device
1790
1791 Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
1792 The NNPFS device gives user mode filesystem
1793 implementations a kernel presence for caching and easy
1794 mounting. For more information about the project,
1795 write to <arla-drinkers@stacken.kth.se> or see
1796 http://www.stacken.kth.se/project/arla/
1797
1798103 block Audit device
1799 0 = /dev/audit Audit device
1800
1801104 char Flash BIOS support
1802
1803104 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, first controller
1804 0 = /dev/cciss/c0d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1805 16 = /dev/cciss/c0d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1806 ...
1807 240 = /dev/cciss/c0d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1808
1809 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1810 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1811 partitions is 15.
1812
1813105 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
1814 0 = /dev/ttyV0 First VS-1000 port
1815 1 = /dev/ttyV1 Second VS-1000 port
1816 ...
1817
1818105 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, second controller
1819 0 = /dev/cciss/c1d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1820 16 = /dev/cciss/c1d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1821 ...
1822 240 = /dev/cciss/c1d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1823
1824 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1825 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1826 partitions is 15.
1827
1828106 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
1829 0 = /dev/cuv0 First VS-1000 port
1830 1 = /dev/cuv1 Second VS-1000 port
1831 ...
1832
1833106 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, third controller
1834 0 = /dev/cciss/c2d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1835 16 = /dev/cciss/c2d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1836 ...
1837 240 = /dev/cciss/c2d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1838
1839 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1840 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1841 partitions is 15.
1842
1843107 char 3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
1844 0 = /dev/3dfx Primary 3Dfx graphics device
1845
1846107 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fourth controller
1847 0 = /dev/cciss/c3d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1848 16 = /dev/cciss/c3d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1849 ...
1850 240 = /dev/cciss/c3d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1851
1852 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1853 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1854 partitions is 15.
1855
1856108 char Device independent PPP interface
1857 0 = /dev/ppp Device independent PPP interface
1858
1859108 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fifth controller
1860 0 = /dev/cciss/c4d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1861 16 = /dev/cciss/c4d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1862 ...
1863 240 = /dev/cciss/c4d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1864
1865 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1866 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1867 partitions is 15.
1868
1869109 char Reserved for logical volume manager
1870
1871109 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, sixth controller
1872 0 = /dev/cciss/c5d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1873 16 = /dev/cciss/c5d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1874 ...
1875 240 = /dev/cciss/c5d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1876
1877 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1878 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1879 partitions is 15.
1880
1881110 char miroMEDIA Surround board
1882 0 = /dev/srnd0 First miroMEDIA Surround board
1883 1 = /dev/srnd1 Second miroMEDIA Surround board
1884 ...
1885
1886110 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, seventh controller
1887 0 = /dev/cciss/c6d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1888 16 = /dev/cciss/c6d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1889 ...
1890 240 = /dev/cciss/c6d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1891
1892 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1893 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1894 partitions is 15.
1895
04c860c1 1896111 char
1da177e4 1897
5d3f083d 1898111 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1899 0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1900 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1901 ...
1902 240 = /dev/cciss/c7d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1903
1904 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1905 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1906 partitions is 15.
1907
1908112 char ISI serial card
1909 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First ISI port
1910 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second ISI port
1911 ...
1912
1913 There is currently a device-naming conflict between
1914 these and PAM multimodems (major 78).
1915
1916112 block IBM iSeries virtual disk
1917 0 = /dev/iseries/vda First virtual disk, whole disk
1918 8 = /dev/iseries/vdb Second virtual disk, whole disk
1919 ...
1920 200 = /dev/iseries/vdz 26th virtual disk, whole disk
1921 208 = /dev/iseries/vdaa 27th virtual disk, whole disk
1922 ...
1923 248 = /dev/iseries/vdaf 32nd virtual disk, whole disk
1924
1925 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1926 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1927 partitions is 7.
1928
1929113 char ISI serial card - alternate devices
1930 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1931 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1932 ...
1933
1934113 block IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM
1da177e4
LT		 1935 0 = /dev/iseries/vcda First virtual CD-ROM
1936 1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb Second virtual CD-ROM
1937 ...
1938
1939114 char Picture Elements ISE board
1940 0 = /dev/ise0 First ISE board
1941 1 = /dev/ise1 Second ISE board
1942 ...
1943 128 = /dev/isex0 Control node for first ISE board
1944 129 = /dev/isex1 Control node for second ISE board
1945 ...
1946
1947 The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
1948 image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
1949 I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
1950 nodes used to control the board.
1951
1952114 block IDE BIOS powered software RAID interfaces such as the
1953 Promise Fastrak
1954
1955 0 = /dev/ataraid/d0
1956 1 = /dev/ataraid/d0p1
1957 2 = /dev/ataraid/d0p2
1958 ...
1959 16 = /dev/ataraid/d1
1960 17 = /dev/ataraid/d1p1
1961 18 = /dev/ataraid/d1p2
1962 ...
1963 255 = /dev/ataraid/d15p15
1964
1965 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1966 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1967 partitions is 15.
1968
1969115 char TI link cable devices (115 was formerly the console driver speaker)
1970 0 = /dev/tipar0 Parallel cable on first parallel port
1971 ...
1972 7 = /dev/tipar7 Parallel cable on seventh parallel port
1973
1974 8 = /dev/tiser0 Serial cable on first serial port
1975 ...
1976 15 = /dev/tiser7 Serial cable on seventh serial port
1977
1978 16 = /dev/tiusb0 First USB cable
1979 ...
1980 47 = /dev/tiusb31 32nd USB cable
1981
1982115 block NetWare (NWFS) Devices (0-255)
1983
1984 The NWFS (NetWare) devices are used to present a
1985 collection of NetWare Mirror Groups or NetWare
1986 Partitions as a logical storage segment for
1987 use in mounting NetWare volumes. A maximum of
1988 256 NetWare volumes can be supported in a single
1989 machine.
1990
0ea6e611 1991 http://cgfa.telepac.pt/ftp2/kernel.org/linux/kernel/people/jmerkey/nwfs/
1da177e4
LT		 1992
1993 0 = /dev/nwfs/v0 First NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1994 1 = /dev/nwfs/v1 Second NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1995 2 = /dev/nwfs/v2 Third NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1996 ...
1997 255 = /dev/nwfs/v255 Last NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1998
1999116 char Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)
2000
2001116 block MicroMemory battery backed RAM adapter (NVRAM)
992caacf 2002 Supports 16 boards, 15 partitions each.
1da177e4
LT		 2003 Requested by neilb at cse.unsw.edu.au.
2004
2005 0 = /dev/umem/d0 Whole of first board
2006 1 = /dev/umem/d0p1 First partition of first board
2007 2 = /dev/umem/d0p2 Second partition of first board
2008 15 = /dev/umem/d0p15 15th partition of first board
2009
2010 16 = /dev/umem/d1 Whole of second board
2011 17 = /dev/umem/d1p1 First partition of second board
2012 ...
2013 255= /dev/umem/d15p15 15th partition of 16th board.
2014
2015117 char COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
2016 0 = /dev/cosa0c0 1st board, 1st channel
2017 1 = /dev/cosa0c1 1st board, 2nd channel
2018 ...
2019 16 = /dev/cosa1c0 2nd board, 1st channel
2020 17 = /dev/cosa1c1 2nd board, 2nd channel
2021 ...
2022
2023117 block Enterprise Volume Management System (EVMS)
2024
2025 The EVMS driver uses a layered, plug-in model to provide
2026 unparalleled flexibility and extensibility in managing
2027 storage. This allows for easy expansion or customization
2028 of various levels of volume management. Requested by
2029 Mark Peloquin (peloquin at us.ibm.com).
2030
2031 Note: EVMS populates and manages all the devnodes in
2032 /dev/evms.
2033
2034 http://sf.net/projects/evms
2035
2036 0 = /dev/evms/block_device EVMS block device
2037 1 = /dev/evms/legacyname1 First EVMS legacy device
2038 2 = /dev/evms/legacyname2 Second EVMS legacy device
2039 ...
2040 Both ranges can grow (down or up) until they meet.
2041 ...
2042 254 = /dev/evms/EVMSname2 Second EVMS native device
2043 255 = /dev/evms/EVMSname1 First EVMS native device
2044
2045 Note: legacyname(s) are derived from the normal legacy
2046 device names. For example, /dev/hda5 would become
2047 /dev/evms/hda5.
2048
2049118 char IBM Cryptographic Accelerator
2050 0 = /dev/ica Virtual interface to all IBM Crypto Accelerators
2051 1 = /dev/ica0 IBMCA Device 0
2052 2 = /dev/ica1 IBMCA Device 1
2053 ...
2054
2055119 char VMware virtual network control
04c860c1
AC		 2056 0 = /dev/vnet0 1st virtual network
2057 1 = /dev/vnet1 2nd virtual network
1da177e4
LT		 2058 ...
2059
2060120-127 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 2061
1da177e4
LT		 2062120-127 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
2063 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
2064 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
2065 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
2066
2067128-135 char Unix98 PTY masters
2068
2069 These devices should not have corresponding device
2070 nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
2071 /dev/ptmx cloning interface.
2072
1da177e4
LT		 2073128 block SCSI disk devices (128-143)
2074 0 = /dev/sddy 129th SCSI disk whole disk
2075 16 = /dev/sddz 130th SCSI disk whole disk
2076 32 = /dev/sdea 131th SCSI disk whole disk
2077 ...
2078 240 = /dev/sden 144th SCSI disk whole disk
2079
2080 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2081 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2082 partitions is 15.
2083
1da177e4
LT		 2084129 block SCSI disk devices (144-159)
2085 0 = /dev/sdeo 145th SCSI disk whole disk
2086 16 = /dev/sdep 146th SCSI disk whole disk
2087 32 = /dev/sdeq 147th SCSI disk whole disk
2088 ...
2089 240 = /dev/sdfd 160th SCSI disk whole disk
2090
2091 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2092 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2093 partitions is 15.
2094
2095130 char (Misc devices)
2096
2097130 block SCSI disk devices (160-175)
2098 0 = /dev/sdfe 161st SCSI disk whole disk
2099 16 = /dev/sdff 162nd SCSI disk whole disk
2100 32 = /dev/sdfg 163rd SCSI disk whole disk
2101 ...
2102 240 = /dev/sdft 176th SCSI disk whole disk
2103
2104 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2105 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2106 partitions is 15.
2107
2108131 block SCSI disk devices (176-191)
2109 0 = /dev/sdfu 177th SCSI disk whole disk
2110 16 = /dev/sdfv 178th SCSI disk whole disk
2111 32 = /dev/sdfw 179th SCSI disk whole disk
2112 ...
2113 240 = /dev/sdgj 192nd SCSI disk whole disk
2114
2115 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2116 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2117 partitions is 15.
2118
1da177e4
LT		 2119132 block SCSI disk devices (192-207)
2120 0 = /dev/sdgk 193rd SCSI disk whole disk
2121 16 = /dev/sdgl 194th SCSI disk whole disk
2122 32 = /dev/sdgm 195th SCSI disk whole disk
2123 ...
2124 240 = /dev/sdgz 208th SCSI disk whole disk
2125
2126 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2127 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2128 partitions is 15.
2129
1da177e4
LT		 2130133 block SCSI disk devices (208-223)
2131 0 = /dev/sdha 209th SCSI disk whole disk
2132 16 = /dev/sdhb 210th SCSI disk whole disk
2133 32 = /dev/sdhc 211th SCSI disk whole disk
2134 ...
2135 240 = /dev/sdhp 224th SCSI disk whole disk
2136
2137 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2138 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2139 partitions is 15.
2140
1da177e4
LT		 2141134 block SCSI disk devices (224-239)
2142 0 = /dev/sdhq 225th SCSI disk whole disk
2143 16 = /dev/sdhr 226th SCSI disk whole disk
2144 32 = /dev/sdhs 227th SCSI disk whole disk
2145 ...
2146 240 = /dev/sdif 240th SCSI disk whole disk
2147
2148 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2149 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2150 partitions is 15.
2151
1da177e4
LT		 2152135 block SCSI disk devices (240-255)
2153 0 = /dev/sdig 241st SCSI disk whole disk
2154 16 = /dev/sdih 242nd SCSI disk whole disk
2155 32 = /dev/sdih 243rd SCSI disk whole disk
2156 ...
2157 240 = /dev/sdiv 256th SCSI disk whole disk
2158
2159 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2160 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2161 partitions is 15.
2162
1da177e4
LT		 2163136-143 char Unix98 PTY slaves
2164 0 = /dev/pts/0 First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
01dd2fbf 2165 1 = /dev/pts/1 Second Unix98 pseudo-TTY
1da177e4
LT		 2166 ...
2167
2168 These device nodes are automatically generated with
2169 the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
2170 devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
2171 mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
2172 *most* distributions the appropriate options are
2173 "mode=0620,gid=<gid of the "tty" group>".)
2174
2175136 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; ninth controller
2176 0 = /dev/rd/c8d0 First disk, whole disk
2177 8 = /dev/rd/c8d1 Second disk, whole disk
2178 ...
2179 248 = /dev/rd/c8d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2180
2181 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2182
2183137 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; tenth controller
2184 0 = /dev/rd/c9d0 First disk, whole disk
2185 8 = /dev/rd/c9d1 Second disk, whole disk
2186 ...
2187 248 = /dev/rd/c9d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2188
2189 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2190
2191138 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eleventh controller
2192 0 = /dev/rd/c10d0 First disk, whole disk
2193 8 = /dev/rd/c10d1 Second disk, whole disk
2194 ...
2195 248 = /dev/rd/c10d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2196
2197 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2198
2199139 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; twelfth controller
2200 0 = /dev/rd/c11d0 First disk, whole disk
2201 8 = /dev/rd/c11d1 Second disk, whole disk
2202 ...
2203 248 = /dev/rd/c11d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2204
2205 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2206
2207140 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; thirteenth controller
2208 0 = /dev/rd/c12d0 First disk, whole disk
2209 8 = /dev/rd/c12d1 Second disk, whole disk
2210 ...
2211 248 = /dev/rd/c12d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2212
2213 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2214
2215141 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourteenth controller
2216 0 = /dev/rd/c13d0 First disk, whole disk
2217 8 = /dev/rd/c13d1 Second disk, whole disk
2218 ...
2219 248 = /dev/rd/c13d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2220
2221 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2222
2223142 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifteenth controller
2224 0 = /dev/rd/c14d0 First disk, whole disk
2225 8 = /dev/rd/c14d1 Second disk, whole disk
2226 ...
2227 248 = /dev/rd/c14d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2228
2229 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2230
2231143 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixteenth controller
2232 0 = /dev/rd/c15d0 First disk, whole disk
2233 8 = /dev/rd/c15d1 Second disk, whole disk
2234 ...
2235 248 = /dev/rd/c15d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2236
2237 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2238
2239144 char Encapsulated PPP
2240 0 = /dev/pppox0 First PPP over Ethernet
2241 ...
2242 63 = /dev/pppox63 64th PPP over Ethernet
2243
2244 This is primarily used for ADSL.
2245
2246 The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
2247 relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.
2248
2249144 block Expansion Area #1 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2250 0 = mounted device 256
2251 255 = mounted device 511
2252
2253145 char SAM9407-based soundcard
2254 0 = /dev/sam0_mixer
2255 1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
2256 2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
2257 3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
2258 4 = /dev/sam0_audio
2259 6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
2260 18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
2261 34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
2262 50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
2263 64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
2264 ...
2265 128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
2266 ...
2267 192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
2268 ...
2269
2270 Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
2271 addons, which are sam9407 specific. OSS can be
2272 operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.
2273
2274145 block Expansion Area #2 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2275 0 = mounted device 512
2276 255 = mounted device 767
2277
2278146 char SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
2279 0 = /dev/scramnet0 First SCRAMNet device
2280 1 = /dev/scramnet1 Second SCRAMNet device
2281 ...
2282
2283146 block Expansion Area #3 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2284 0 = mounted device 768
2285 255 = mounted device 1023
2286
2287147 char Aureal Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
2288 0 = /dev/aureal0 First Aureal Vortex
2289 1 = /dev/aureal1 Second Aureal Vortex
2290 ...
2291
2292147 block Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)
2293 0 = /dev/drbd0 First DRBD device
2294 1 = /dev/drbd1 Second DRBD device
2295 ...
2296
2297148 char Technology Concepts serial card
2298 0 = /dev/ttyT0 First TCL port
2299 1 = /dev/ttyT1 Second TCL port
2300 ...
2301
2302149 char Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
2303 0 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT0
2304 1 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT1
2305 ...
2306
2307150 char Real-Time Linux FIFOs
2308 0 = /dev/rtf0 First RTLinux FIFO
2309 1 = /dev/rtf1 Second RTLinux FIFO
2310 ...
2311
2312151 char DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
2313 0 = /dev/dpti0 First DPT I2O adapter
2314 1 = /dev/dpti1 Second DPT I2O adapter
2315 ...
2316
2317152 char EtherDrive Control Device
2318 0 = /dev/etherd/ctl Connect/Disconnect an EtherDrive
2319 1 = /dev/etherd/err Monitor errors
2320 2 = /dev/etherd/raw Raw AoE packet monitor
2321
2322152 block EtherDrive Block Devices
2323 0 = /dev/etherd/0 EtherDrive 0
2324 ...
2325 255 = /dev/etherd/255 EtherDrive 255
2326
2327153 char SPI Bus Interface (sometimes referred to as MicroWire)
2328 0 = /dev/spi0 First SPI device on the bus
2329 1 = /dev/spi1 Second SPI device on the bus
2330 ...
2331 15 = /dev/spi15 Sixteenth SPI device on the bus
2332
2333153 block Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) storage units
2334 0 = /dev/emd/0 First unit
2335 1 = /dev/emd/0p1 Partition 1 on First unit
2336 2 = /dev/emd/0p2 Partition 2 on First unit
2337 ...
2338 15 = /dev/emd/0p15 Partition 15 on First unit
2339
2340 16 = /dev/emd/1 Second unit
2341 32 = /dev/emd/2 Third unit
2342 ...
2343 240 = /dev/emd/15 Sixteenth unit
2344
2345 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2346 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2347 partitions is 15.
2348
2349154 char Specialix RIO serial card
2350 0 = /dev/ttySR0 First RIO port
2351 ...
2352 255 = /dev/ttySR255 256th RIO port
2353
2354155 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2355 0 = /dev/cusr0 Callout device for ttySR0
2356 ...
2357 255 = /dev/cusr255 Callout device for ttySR255
2358
2359156 char Specialix RIO serial card
2360 0 = /dev/ttySR256 257th RIO port
2361 ...
2362 255 = /dev/ttySR511 512th RIO port
2363
2364157 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2365 0 = /dev/cusr256 Callout device for ttySR256
2366 ...
2367 255 = /dev/cusr511 Callout device for ttySR511
2368
2369158 char Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
2370 0 = /dev/gfax0 GammaLink channel 0
2371 1 = /dev/gfax1 GammaLink channel 1
2372 ...
2373
2374159 char RESERVED
30aaa5c6 2375
1da177e4
LT		 2376159 block RESERVED
2377
2378160 char General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
2379 0 = /dev/gpib0 First GPIB bus
2380 1 = /dev/gpib1 Second GPIB bus
2381 ...
2382
2383160 block Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on First Controller
2384 0 = /dev/carmel/0 SATA disk 0 whole disk
2385 1 = /dev/carmel/0p1 SATA disk 0 partition 1
2386 ...
2387 31 = /dev/carmel/0p31 SATA disk 0 partition 31
2388
2389 32 = /dev/carmel/1 SATA disk 1 whole disk
2390 64 = /dev/carmel/2 SATA disk 2 whole disk
2391 ...
2392 224 = /dev/carmel/7 SATA disk 7 whole disk
2393
2394 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2395 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2396 partitions is 31.
2397
2398161 char IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
2399 0 = /dev/ircomm0 First IrCOMM device
2400 1 = /dev/ircomm1 Second IrCOMM device
2401 ...
2402 16 = /dev/irlpt0 First IrLPT device
2403 17 = /dev/irlpt1 Second IrLPT device
2404 ...
2405
2406161 block Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on Second Controller
2407 0 = /dev/carmel/8 SATA disk 8 whole disk
2408 1 = /dev/carmel/8p1 SATA disk 8 partition 1
2409 ...
2410 31 = /dev/carmel/8p31 SATA disk 8 partition 31
2411
2412 32 = /dev/carmel/9 SATA disk 9 whole disk
2413 64 = /dev/carmel/10 SATA disk 10 whole disk
2414 ...
2415 224 = /dev/carmel/15 SATA disk 15 whole disk
2416
2417 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2418 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
30aaa5c6 2419 partitions is 31.
1da177e4
LT		 2420
2421162 char Raw block device interface
2422 0 = /dev/rawctl Raw I/O control device
2423 1 = /dev/raw/raw1 First raw I/O device
2424 2 = /dev/raw/raw2 Second raw I/O device
2425 ...
d2582a7a
KM		 2426 max minor number of raw device is set by kernel config
2427 MAX_RAW_DEVS or raw module parameter 'max_raw_devs'
1da177e4 2428
04c860c1 2429163 char
1da177e4
LT		 2430
2431164 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
2432 0 = /dev/ttyCH0 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 0
2433 ...
2434 15 = /dev/ttyCH15 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
2435 16 = /dev/ttyCH16 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
2436 ...
2437 31 = /dev/ttyCH31 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
2438 32 = /dev/ttyCH32 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
2439 ...
2440 47 = /dev/ttyCH47 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
2441 48 = /dev/ttyCH48 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
2442 ...
2443 63 = /dev/ttyCH63 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15
2444
2445165 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
2446 0 = /dev/cuch0 Callout device for ttyCH0
2447 ...
2448 63 = /dev/cuch63 Callout device for ttyCH63
2449
2450166 char ACM USB modems
2451 0 = /dev/ttyACM0 First ACM modem
2452 1 = /dev/ttyACM1 Second ACM modem
2453 ...
2454
2455167 char ACM USB modems - alternate devices
2456 0 = /dev/cuacm0 Callout device for ttyACM0
2457 1 = /dev/cuacm1 Callout device for ttyACM1
2458 ...
2459
2460168 char Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
2461 0 = /dev/ecsa0 First CSA7000
2462 1 = /dev/ecsa1 Second CSA7000
2463 ...
2464
2465169 char Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
2466 0 = /dev/ecsa8-0 First CSA8000
2467 1 = /dev/ecsa8-1 Second CSA8000
2468 ...
2469
2470170 char AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
2471 0 = /dev/megarac0 First MegaRAC card
2472 1 = /dev/megarac1 Second MegaRAC card
2473 ...
2474
2475171 char Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
2476
1da177e4
LT		 2477172 char Moxa Intellio serial card
2478 0 = /dev/ttyMX0 First Moxa port
2479 1 = /dev/ttyMX1 Second Moxa port
2480 ...
2481 127 = /dev/ttyMX127 128th Moxa port
2482 128 = /dev/moxactl Moxa control port
2483
2484173 char Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
2485 0 = /dev/cumx0 Callout device for ttyMX0
2486 1 = /dev/cumx1 Callout device for ttyMX1
2487 ...
2488 127 = /dev/cumx127 Callout device for ttyMX127
2489
2490174 char SmartIO serial card
2491 0 = /dev/ttySI0 First SmartIO port
2492 1 = /dev/ttySI1 Second SmartIO port
2493 ...
2494
2495175 char SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
2496 0 = /dev/cusi0 Callout device for ttySI0
2497 1 = /dev/cusi1 Callout device for ttySI1
2498 ...
2499
2500176 char nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
2501 0 = /dev/nfastpci0 First nFast PCI device
2502 1 = /dev/nfastpci1 First nFast PCI device
2503 ...
2504
2505177 char TI PCILynx memory spaces
2506 0 = /dev/pcilynx/aux0 AUX space of first PCILynx card
2507 ...
2508 15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
2509 16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0 ROM space of first PCILynx card
2510 ...
2511 31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
2512 32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0 RAM space of first PCILynx card
2513 ...
2514 47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card
2515
2516178 char Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
2517 0 = /dev/clanvi0 First cLAN adapter
2518 1 = /dev/clanvi1 Second cLAN adapter
2519 ...
2520
04c860c1
AC		 2521179 block MMC block devices
2522 0 = /dev/mmcblk0 First SD/MMC card
2523 1 = /dev/mmcblk0p1 First partition on first MMC card
2524 8 = /dev/mmcblk1 Second SD/MMC card
2525 ...
2526
5e71b7a6
OJ		 2527 The start of next SD/MMC card can be configured with
2528 CONFIG_MMC_BLOCK_MINORS, or overridden at boot/modprobe
2529 time using the mmcblk.perdev_minors option. That would
2530 bump the offset between each card to be the configured
2531 value instead of the default 8.
2532
1da177e4
LT		 2533179 char CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
2534 0 = /dev/dvxirq0 First DVX device
2535 1 = /dev/dvxirq1 Second DVX device
2536 ...
2537
2538180 char USB devices
2539 0 = /dev/usb/lp0 First USB printer
2540 ...
2541 15 = /dev/usb/lp15 16th USB printer
1da177e4
LT		 2542 48 = /dev/usb/scanner0 First USB scanner
2543 ...
2544 63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
2545 64 = /dev/usb/rio500 Diamond Rio 500
2546 65 = /dev/usb/usblcd USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de)
2547 66 = /dev/usb/cpad0 Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)
11420211
JE		 2548 96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0 1st USB HID device
2549 ...
2550 111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15 16th USB HID device
04c860c1
AC		 2551 112 = /dev/usb/auer0 1st auerswald ISDN device
2552 ...
2553 127 = /dev/usb/auer15 16th auerswald ISDN device
11420211
JE		 2554 128 = /dev/usb/brlvgr0 First Braille Voyager device
2555 ...
2556 131 = /dev/usb/brlvgr3 Fourth Braille Voyager device
2557 132 = /dev/usb/idmouse ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device
2558 133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1 First SiSUSB VGA device
2559 ...
30aaa5c6 2560 140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8 Eighth SISUSB VGA device
11420211
JE		 2561 144 = /dev/usb/lcd USB LCD device
2562 160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0 1st USB Legotower device
2563 ...
2564 175 = /dev/usb/legousbtower15 16th USB Legotower device
5b775f67
GKH		 2565 176 = /dev/usb/usbtmc1 First USB TMC device
2566 ...
1b62d258
GKH		 2567 191 = /dev/usb/usbtmc16 16th USB TMC device
2568 192 = /dev/usb/yurex1 First USB Yurex device
2569 ...
2570 209 = /dev/usb/yurex16 16th USB Yurex device
1da177e4
LT		 2571
2572180 block USB block devices
953a7f20
PZ		 2573 0 = /dev/uba First USB block device
2574 8 = /dev/ubb Second USB block device
2575 16 = /dev/ubc Third USB block device
30aaa5c6 2576 ...
1da177e4
LT		 2577
2578181 char Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
2579 0 = /dev/pcfclock0 First Conrad radio clock
2580 1 = /dev/pcfclock1 Second Conrad radio clock
2581 ...
2582
2583182 char Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
2584 0 = /dev/pethr0 First THR2 board
2585 1 = /dev/pethr1 Second THR2 board
2586 ...
2587
2588183 char SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
2589 0 = /dev/ss5136dn0 First DeviceNet interface
2590 1 = /dev/ss5136dn1 Second DeviceNet interface
2591 ...
2592
2593 This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
2594 It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.
2595
2596184 char Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
2597 0 = /dev/pevss0 First sender board
2598 1 = /dev/pevss1 Second sender board
2599 ...
2600
2601185 char InterMezzo high availability file system
2602 0 = /dev/intermezzo0 First cache manager
2603 1 = /dev/intermezzo1 Second cache manager
2604 ...
2605
0ea6e611
JM		 2606 See http://web.archive.org/web/20080115195241/
2607 http://inter-mezzo.org/index.html
1da177e4
LT		 2608
2609186 char Object-based storage control device
2610 0 = /dev/obd0 First obd control device
2611 1 = /dev/obd1 Second obd control device
2612 ...
2613
2614 See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.
2615
2616187 char DESkey hardware encryption device
2617 0 = /dev/deskey0 First DES key
2618 1 = /dev/deskey1 Second DES key
2619 ...
2620
2621188 char USB serial converters
2622 0 = /dev/ttyUSB0 First USB serial converter
2623 1 = /dev/ttyUSB1 Second USB serial converter
2624 ...
2625
2626189 char USB serial converters - alternate devices
2627 0 = /dev/cuusb0 Callout device for ttyUSB0
2628 1 = /dev/cuusb1 Callout device for ttyUSB1
2629 ...
2630
2631190 char Kansas City tracker/tuner card
2632 0 = /dev/kctt0 First KCT/T card
2633 1 = /dev/kctt1 Second KCT/T card
2634 ...
2635
2636191 char Reserved for PCMCIA
2637
2638192 char Kernel profiling interface
2639 0 = /dev/profile Profiling control device
2640 1 = /dev/profile0 Profiling device for CPU 0
2641 2 = /dev/profile1 Profiling device for CPU 1
2642 ...
2643
2644193 char Kernel event-tracing interface
2645 0 = /dev/trace Tracing control device
2646 1 = /dev/trace0 Tracing device for CPU 0
2647 2 = /dev/trace1 Tracing device for CPU 1
2648 ...
2649
2650194 char linVideoStreams (LINVS)
2651 0 = /dev/mvideo/status0 Video compression status
2652 1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0 Video stream
2653 2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0 Single compressed frame
2654 3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0 Raw uncompressed frame
2655 4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0 Direct codec access
2656 5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0 Video4Linux compatibility
2657
2658 16 = /dev/mvideo/status1 Second device
2659 ...
2660 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2 Third device
2661 ...
2662 ...
30aaa5c6 2663 240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device
1da177e4
LT		 2664 ...
2665
2666195 char Nvidia graphics devices
2667 0 = /dev/nvidia0 First Nvidia card
2668 1 = /dev/nvidia1 Second Nvidia card
2669 ...
2670 255 = /dev/nvidiactl Nvidia card control device
2671
2672196 char Tormenta T1 card
2673 0 = /dev/tor/0 Master control channel for all cards
2674 1 = /dev/tor/1 First DS0
2675 2 = /dev/tor/2 Second DS0
2676 ...
2677 48 = /dev/tor/48 48th DS0
2678 49 = /dev/tor/49 First pseudo-channel
2679 50 = /dev/tor/50 Second pseudo-channel
2680 ...
2681
2682197 char OpenTNF tracing facility
2683 0 = /dev/tnf/t0 Trace 0 data extraction
2684 1 = /dev/tnf/t1 Trace 1 data extraction
2685 ...
2686 128 = /dev/tnf/status Tracing facility status
2687 130 = /dev/tnf/trace Tracing device
2688
2689198 char Total Impact TPMP2 quad coprocessor PCI card
2690 0 = /dev/tpmp2/0 First card
2691 1 = /dev/tpmp2/1 Second card
2692 ...
2693
2694199 char Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2695 0 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/* First volume
2696 1 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/* Second volume
2697 ...
2698
2699199 block Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2700 0 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/* First volume
2701 1 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/* Second volume
2702 ...
2703
2704 The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2705 the user space VxVM software.
2706
2707200 char Veritas VxVM configuration interface
2708 0 = /dev/vx/config Configuration access node
2709 1 = /dev/vx/trace Volume i/o trace access node
2710 2 = /dev/vx/iod Volume i/o daemon access node
2711 3 = /dev/vx/info Volume information access node
2712 4 = /dev/vx/task Volume tasks access node
2713 5 = /dev/vx/taskmon Volume tasks monitor daemon
2714
2715201 char Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2716 0 = /dev/vx/rdmp/* First multipath device
2717 1 = /dev/vx/rdmp/* Second multipath device
2718 ...
2719201 block Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2720 0 = /dev/vx/dmp/* First multipath device
2721 1 = /dev/vx/dmp/* Second multipath device
2722 ...
2723
2724 The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2725 the user space VxVM software.
2726
2727202 char CPU model-specific registers
2728 0 = /dev/cpu/0/msr MSRs on CPU 0
2729 1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr MSRs on CPU 1
2730 ...
2731
11420211
JE		 2732202 block Xen Virtual Block Device
2733 0 = /dev/xvda First Xen VBD whole disk
2734 16 = /dev/xvdb Second Xen VBD whole disk
2735 32 = /dev/xvdc Third Xen VBD whole disk
2736 ...
2737 240 = /dev/xvdp Sixteenth Xen VBD whole disk
2738
2739 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2740 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2741 partitions is 15.
2742
1da177e4
LT		 2743203 char CPU CPUID information
2744 0 = /dev/cpu/0/cpuid CPUID on CPU 0
2745 1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid CPUID on CPU 1
2746 ...
2747
2748204 char Low-density serial ports
2749 0 = /dev/ttyLU0 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 0
2750 1 = /dev/ttyLU1 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 1
2751 2 = /dev/ttyLU2 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 2
2752 3 = /dev/ttyLU3 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 3
2753 4 = /dev/ttyFB0 Intel Footbridge (ARM)
2754 5 = /dev/ttySA0 StrongARM builtin serial port 0
2755 6 = /dev/ttySA1 StrongARM builtin serial port 1
2756 7 = /dev/ttySA2 StrongARM builtin serial port 2
2757 8 = /dev/ttySC0 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 0
2758 9 = /dev/ttySC1 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 1
2759 10 = /dev/ttySC2 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 2
2760 11 = /dev/ttySC3 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 3
2761 12 = /dev/ttyFW0 Firmware console - port 0
2762 13 = /dev/ttyFW1 Firmware console - port 1
2763 14 = /dev/ttyFW2 Firmware console - port 2
2764 15 = /dev/ttyFW3 Firmware console - port 3
2765 16 = /dev/ttyAM0 ARM "AMBA" serial port 0
2766 ...
2767 31 = /dev/ttyAM15 ARM "AMBA" serial port 15
2768 32 = /dev/ttyDB0 DataBooster serial port 0
2769 ...
2770 39 = /dev/ttyDB7 DataBooster serial port 7
2771 40 = /dev/ttySG0 SGI Altix console port
2772 41 = /dev/ttySMX0 Motorola i.MX - port 0
2773 42 = /dev/ttySMX1 Motorola i.MX - port 1
2774 43 = /dev/ttySMX2 Motorola i.MX - port 2
2775 44 = /dev/ttyMM0 Marvell MPSC - port 0
2776 45 = /dev/ttyMM1 Marvell MPSC - port 1
2777 46 = /dev/ttyCPM0 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 0
2778 ...
2779 47 = /dev/ttyCPM5 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 5
11420211
JE		 2780 50 = /dev/ttyIOC0 Altix serial card
2781 ...
2782 81 = /dev/ttyIOC31 Altix serial card
2783 82 = /dev/ttyVR0 NEC VR4100 series SIU
2784 83 = /dev/ttyVR1 NEC VR4100 series DSIU
2785 84 = /dev/ttyIOC84 Altix ioc4 serial card
2786 ...
2787 115 = /dev/ttyIOC115 Altix ioc4 serial card
2788 116 = /dev/ttySIOC0 Altix ioc3 serial card
2789 ...
2790 147 = /dev/ttySIOC31 Altix ioc3 serial card
2791 148 = /dev/ttyPSC0 PPC PSC - port 0
2792 ...
2793 153 = /dev/ttyPSC5 PPC PSC - port 5
2794 154 = /dev/ttyAT0 ATMEL serial port 0
1da177e4 2795 ...
11420211
JE		 2796 169 = /dev/ttyAT15 ATMEL serial port 15
2797 170 = /dev/ttyNX0 Hilscher netX serial port 0
2798 ...
2799 185 = /dev/ttyNX15 Hilscher netX serial port 15
a4521948 2800 186 = /dev/ttyJ0 JTAG1 DCC protocol based serial port emulation
30aaa5c6
TM		 2801 187 = /dev/ttyUL0 Xilinx uartlite - port 0
2802 ...
2803 190 = /dev/ttyUL3 Xilinx uartlite - port 3
2804 191 = /dev/xvc0 Xen virtual console - port 0
04c860c1
AC		 2805 192 = /dev/ttyPZ0 pmac_zilog - port 0
2806 ...
2807 195 = /dev/ttyPZ3 pmac_zilog - port 3
2808 196 = /dev/ttyTX0 TX39/49 serial port 0
2809 ...
2810 204 = /dev/ttyTX7 TX39/49 serial port 7
2811 205 = /dev/ttySC0 SC26xx serial port 0
2812 206 = /dev/ttySC1 SC26xx serial port 1
2813 207 = /dev/ttySC2 SC26xx serial port 2
2814 208 = /dev/ttySC3 SC26xx serial port 3
05b36302
AC		 2815 209 = /dev/ttyMAX0 MAX3100 serial port 0
2816 210 = /dev/ttyMAX1 MAX3100 serial port 1
2817 211 = /dev/ttyMAX2 MAX3100 serial port 2
2818 212 = /dev/ttyMAX3 MAX3100 serial port 3
1da177e4
LT		 2819
2820205 char Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
2821 0 = /dev/culu0 Callout device for ttyLU0
2822 1 = /dev/culu1 Callout device for ttyLU1
2823 2 = /dev/culu2 Callout device for ttyLU2
2824 3 = /dev/culu3 Callout device for ttyLU3
2825 4 = /dev/cufb0 Callout device for ttyFB0
2826 5 = /dev/cusa0 Callout device for ttySA0
2827 6 = /dev/cusa1 Callout device for ttySA1
2828 7 = /dev/cusa2 Callout device for ttySA2
2829 8 = /dev/cusc0 Callout device for ttySC0
2830 9 = /dev/cusc1 Callout device for ttySC1
2831 10 = /dev/cusc2 Callout device for ttySC2
2832 11 = /dev/cusc3 Callout device for ttySC3
2833 12 = /dev/cufw0 Callout device for ttyFW0
2834 13 = /dev/cufw1 Callout device for ttyFW1
2835 14 = /dev/cufw2 Callout device for ttyFW2
2836 15 = /dev/cufw3 Callout device for ttyFW3
2837 16 = /dev/cuam0 Callout device for ttyAM0
2838 ...
2839 31 = /dev/cuam15 Callout device for ttyAM15
2840 32 = /dev/cudb0 Callout device for ttyDB0
2841 ...
2842 39 = /dev/cudb7 Callout device for ttyDB7
2843 40 = /dev/cusg0 Callout device for ttySG0
2844 41 = /dev/ttycusmx0 Callout device for ttySMX0
2845 42 = /dev/ttycusmx1 Callout device for ttySMX1
2846 43 = /dev/ttycusmx2 Callout device for ttySMX2
2847 46 = /dev/cucpm0 Callout device for ttyCPM0
2848 ...
2849 49 = /dev/cucpm5 Callout device for ttyCPM5
2850 50 = /dev/cuioc40 Callout device for ttyIOC40
2851 ...
2852 81 = /dev/cuioc431 Callout device for ttyIOC431
11420211
JE		 2853 82 = /dev/cuvr0 Callout device for ttyVR0
2854 83 = /dev/cuvr1 Callout device for ttyVR1
1da177e4 2855
1da177e4
LT		 2856206 char OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
2857 0 = /dev/osst0 First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2858 1 = /dev/osst1 Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2859 ...
2860 32 = /dev/osst0l First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2861 33 = /dev/osst1l Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2862 ...
2863 64 = /dev/osst0m First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2864 65 = /dev/osst1m Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2865 ...
2866 96 = /dev/osst0a First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2867 97 = /dev/osst1a Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2868 ...
2869 128 = /dev/nosst0 No rewind version of /dev/osst0
2870 129 = /dev/nosst1 No rewind version of /dev/osst1
2871 ...
2872 160 = /dev/nosst0l No rewind version of /dev/osst0l
2873 161 = /dev/nosst1l No rewind version of /dev/osst1l
2874 ...
2875 192 = /dev/nosst0m No rewind version of /dev/osst0m
2876 193 = /dev/nosst1m No rewind version of /dev/osst1m
2877 ...
2878 224 = /dev/nosst0a No rewind version of /dev/osst0a
2879 225 = /dev/nosst1a No rewind version of /dev/osst1a
2880 ...
2881
2882 The OnStream SC-x0 SCSI tapes do not support the
2883 standard SCSI SASD command set and therefore need
2884 their own driver "osst". Note that the IDE, USB (and
2885 maybe ParPort) versions may be driven via ide-scsi or
2886 usb-storage SCSI emulation and this osst device and
2887 driver as well. The ADR-x0 drives are QIC-157
2888 compliant and don't need osst.
2889
2890207 char Compaq ProLiant health feature indicate
2891 0 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpqw Redirector interface
2892 1 = /dev/cpqhealth/crom EISA CROM
2893 2 = /dev/cpqhealth/cdt Data Table
2894 3 = /dev/cpqhealth/cevt Event Log
2895 4 = /dev/cpqhealth/casr Automatic Server Recovery
2896 5 = /dev/cpqhealth/cecc ECC Memory
2897 6 = /dev/cpqhealth/cmca Machine Check Architecture
2898 7 = /dev/cpqhealth/ccsm Deprecated CDT
2899 8 = /dev/cpqhealth/cnmi NMI Handling
2900 9 = /dev/cpqhealth/css Sideshow Management
2901 10 = /dev/cpqhealth/cram CMOS interface
2902 11 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpci PCI IRQ interface
2903
2904208 char User space serial ports
2905 0 = /dev/ttyU0 First user space serial port
2906 1 = /dev/ttyU1 Second user space serial port
2907 ...
2908
2909209 char User space serial ports (alternate devices)
2910 0 = /dev/cuu0 Callout device for ttyU0
2911 1 = /dev/cuu1 Callout device for ttyU1
2912 ...
2913
2914210 char SBE, Inc. sync/async serial card
2915 0 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg0 Configuration device for board 0
2916 1 = /dev/sbei/dld0 Download device for board 0
2917 2 = /dev/sbei/wan00 WAN device, port 0, board 0
2918 3 = /dev/sbei/wan01 WAN device, port 1, board 0
2919 4 = /dev/sbei/wan02 WAN device, port 2, board 0
2920 5 = /dev/sbei/wan03 WAN device, port 3, board 0
2921 6 = /dev/sbei/wanc00 WAN clone device, port 0, board 0
2922 7 = /dev/sbei/wanc01 WAN clone device, port 1, board 0
2923 8 = /dev/sbei/wanc02 WAN clone device, port 2, board 0
2924 9 = /dev/sbei/wanc03 WAN clone device, port 3, board 0
2925 10 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg1 Configuration device for board 1
2926 11 = /dev/sbei/dld1 Download device for board 1
2927 12 = /dev/sbei/wan10 WAN device, port 0, board 1
2928 13 = /dev/sbei/wan11 WAN device, port 1, board 1
2929 14 = /dev/sbei/wan12 WAN device, port 2, board 1
2930 15 = /dev/sbei/wan13 WAN device, port 3, board 1
2931 16 = /dev/sbei/wanc10 WAN clone device, port 0, board 1
2932 17 = /dev/sbei/wanc11 WAN clone device, port 1, board 1
2933 18 = /dev/sbei/wanc12 WAN clone device, port 2, board 1
2934 19 = /dev/sbei/wanc13 WAN clone device, port 3, board 1
2935 ...
2936
2937 Yes, each board is really spaced 10 (decimal) apart.
2938
2939211 char Addinum CPCI1500 digital I/O card
2940 0 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/0 First CPCI1500 card
2941 1 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/1 Second CPCI1500 card
2942 ...
2943
2944212 char LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem
1da177e4
LT		 2945 0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0 first video decoder of first card
2946 1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0 first audio decoder of first card
2947 2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0 (obsolete/unused)
2948 3 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 first frontend device of first card
2949 4 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0 first demux device of first card
2950 5 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0 first digital video recoder device of first card
2951 6 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0 first common access port of first card
2952 7 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/net0 first network device of first card
2953 8 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/osd0 first on-screen-display device of first card
2954 9 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video1 second video decoder of first card
2955 ...
2956 64 = /dev/dvb/adapter1/video0 first video decoder of second card
2957 ...
2958 128 = /dev/dvb/adapter2/video0 first video decoder of third card
2959 ...
2960 196 = /dev/dvb/adapter3/video0 first video decoder of fourth card
2961
c611d2cd
MH		 2962216 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices
2963 0 = /dev/rfcomm0 First Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
2964 1 = /dev/rfcomm1 Second Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
1da177e4
LT		 2965 ...
2966
c611d2cd
MH		 2967217 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices (alternate devices)
2968 0 = /dev/curf0 Callout device for rfcomm0
2969 1 = /dev/curf1 Callout device for rfcomm1
1da177e4
LT		 2970 ...
2971
2972218 char The Logical Company bus Unibus/Qbus adapters
2973 0 = /dev/logicalco/bci/0 First bus adapter
2974 1 = /dev/logicalco/bci/1 First bus adapter
2975 ...
2976
2977219 char The Logical Company DCI-1300 digital I/O card
2978 0 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/0 First DCI-1300 card
2979 1 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/1 Second DCI-1300 card
2980 ...
2981
2982220 char Myricom Myrinet "GM" board
2983 0 = /dev/myricom/gm0 First Myrinet GM board
2984 1 = /dev/myricom/gmp0 First board "root access"
2985 2 = /dev/myricom/gm1 Second Myrinet GM board
2986 3 = /dev/myricom/gmp1 Second board "root access"
2987 ...
2988
2989221 char VME bus
2990 0 = /dev/bus/vme/m0 First master image
2991 1 = /dev/bus/vme/m1 Second master image
2992 2 = /dev/bus/vme/m2 Third master image
2993 3 = /dev/bus/vme/m3 Fourth master image
2994 4 = /dev/bus/vme/s0 First slave image
2995 5 = /dev/bus/vme/s1 Second slave image
2996 6 = /dev/bus/vme/s2 Third slave image
2997 7 = /dev/bus/vme/s3 Fourth slave image
2998 8 = /dev/bus/vme/ctl Control
2999
3000 It is expected that all VME bus drivers will use the
3001 same interface. For interface documentation see
3002 http://www.vmelinux.org/.
3003
3004224 char A2232 serial card
3005 0 = /dev/ttyY0 First A2232 port
3006 1 = /dev/ttyY1 Second A2232 port
3007 ...
3008
3009225 char A2232 serial card (alternate devices)
3010 0 = /dev/cuy0 Callout device for ttyY0
3011 1 = /dev/cuy1 Callout device for ttyY1
3012 ...
3013
3014226 char Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI)
3015 0 = /dev/dri/card0 First graphics card
3016 1 = /dev/dri/card1 Second graphics card
3017 ...
3018
3019227 char IBM 3270 terminal Unix tty access
3020 1 = /dev/3270/tty1 First 3270 terminal
3021 2 = /dev/3270/tty2 Seconds 3270 terminal
3022 ...
3023
3024228 char IBM 3270 terminal block-mode access
3025 0 = /dev/3270/tub Controlling interface
3026 1 = /dev/3270/tub1 First 3270 terminal
3027 2 = /dev/3270/tub2 Second 3270 terminal
3028 ...
3029
30aaa5c6
TM		 3030229 char IBM iSeries/pSeries virtual console
3031 0 = /dev/hvc0 First console port
3032 1 = /dev/hvc1 Second console port
1da177e4
LT		 3033 ...
3034
3035230 char IBM iSeries virtual tape
3036 0 = /dev/iseries/vt0 First virtual tape, mode 0
3037 1 = /dev/iseries/vt1 Second virtual tape, mode 0
3038 ...
3039 32 = /dev/iseries/vt0l First virtual tape, mode 1
3040 33 = /dev/iseries/vt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1
3041 ...
3042 64 = /dev/iseries/vt0m First virtual tape, mode 2
3043 65 = /dev/iseries/vt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2
3044 ...
3045 96 = /dev/iseries/vt0a First virtual tape, mode 3
3046 97 = /dev/iseries/vt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3
3047 ...
3048 128 = /dev/iseries/nvt0 First virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3049 129 = /dev/iseries/nvt1 Second virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3050 ...
3051 160 = /dev/iseries/nvt0l First virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3052 161 = /dev/iseries/nvt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3053 ...
3054 192 = /dev/iseries/nvt0m First virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3055 193 = /dev/iseries/nvt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3056 ...
3057 224 = /dev/iseries/nvt0a First virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3058 225 = /dev/iseries/nvt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3059 ...
3060
3061 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
3062 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
3063 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
3064 the device used to access it.
3065
11420211 3066231 char InfiniBand
1da177e4
LT		 3067 0 = /dev/infiniband/umad0
3068 1 = /dev/infiniband/umad1
11420211
JE		 3069 ...
3070 63 = /dev/infiniband/umad63 63rd InfiniBandMad device
3071 64 = /dev/infiniband/issm0 First InfiniBand IsSM device
3072 65 = /dev/infiniband/issm1 Second InfiniBand IsSM device
3073 ...
3074 127 = /dev/infiniband/issm63 63rd InfiniBand IsSM device
3075 128 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs0 First InfiniBand verbs device
3076 129 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs1 Second InfiniBand verbs device
3077 ...
3078 159 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs31 31st InfiniBand verbs device
3079
3080232 char Biometric Devices
3081 0 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on first device
3082 1 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/iris first iris sensor on first device
3083 2 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/retina first retina sensor on first device
3084 3 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/voiceprint first voiceprint sensor on first device
3085 4 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/facial first facial sensor on first device
3086 5 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/hand first hand sensor on first device
3087 ...
3088 10 = /dev/biometric/sensor1/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on second device
3089 ...
3090 20 = /dev/biometric/sensor2/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on third device
3091 ...
1da177e4 3092
11420211
JE		 3093233 char PathScale InfiniPath interconnect
3094 0 = /dev/ipath Primary device for programs (any unit)
3095 1 = /dev/ipath0 Access specifically to unit 0
3096 2 = /dev/ipath1 Access specifically to unit 1
3097 ...
3098 4 = /dev/ipath3 Access specifically to unit 3
3099 129 = /dev/ipath_sma Device used by Subnet Management Agent
3100 130 = /dev/ipath_diag Device used by diagnostics programs
3101
3102234-239 UNASSIGNED
1da177e4
LT		 3103
3104240-254 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 3105
1da177e4
LT		 3106240-254 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
3107 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
3108 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
3109 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
3110
3111255 char RESERVED
30aaa5c6 3112
1da177e4
LT		 3113255 block RESERVED
3114
3115 This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
3116 larger number space. No device nodes with this major
3117 should ever be created on the filesystem.
992caacf 3118 (This is probably not true anymore, but I'll leave it
11420211
JE		 3119 for now /Torben)
3120
3121---LARGE MAJORS!!!!!---
3122
3123256 char Equinox SST multi-port serial boards
3124 0 = /dev/ttyEQ0 First serial port on first Equinox SST board
3125 127 = /dev/ttyEQ127 Last serial port on first Equinox SST board
3126 128 = /dev/ttyEQ128 First serial port on second Equinox SST board
3127 ...
3128 1027 = /dev/ttyEQ1027 Last serial port on eighth Equinox SST board
3129
3130256 block Resident Flash Disk Flash Translation Layer
3131 0 = /dev/rfda First RFD FTL layer
3132 16 = /dev/rfdb Second RFD FTL layer
3133 ...
3134 240 = /dev/rfdp 16th RFD FTL layer
3135
a4521948
JE		 3136257 char Phoenix Technologies Cryptographic Services Driver
3137 0 = /dev/ptlsec Crypto Services Driver
3138
30aaa5c6
TM		 3139257 block SSFDC Flash Translation Layer filesystem
3140 0 = /dev/ssfdca First SSFDC layer
3141 8 = /dev/ssfdcb Second SSFDC layer
3142 16 = /dev/ssfdcc Third SSFDC layer
3143 24 = /dev/ssfdcd 4th SSFDC layer
3144 32 = /dev/ssfdce 5th SSFDC layer
3145 40 = /dev/ssfdcf 6th SSFDC layer
3146 48 = /dev/ssfdcg 7th SSFDC layer
3147 56 = /dev/ssfdch 8th SSFDC layer
3148
3149258 block ROM/Flash read-only translation layer
3150 0 = /dev/blockrom0 First ROM card's translation layer interface
3151 1 = /dev/blockrom1 Second ROM card's translation layer interface
3152 ...
1da177e4 3153
04c860c1
AC		 3154259 block Block Extended Major
3155 Used dynamically to hold additional partition minor
3156 numbers and allow large numbers of partitions per device
3157
3158259 char FPGA configuration interfaces
3159 0 = /dev/icap0 First Xilinx internal configuration
3160 1 = /dev/icap1 Second Xilinx internal configuration
3161
71969fd9
BH		 3162260 char OSD (Object-based-device) SCSI Device
3163 0 = /dev/osd0 First OSD Device
3164 1 = /dev/osd1 Second OSD Device
3165 ...
3166 255 = /dev/osd255 256th OSD Device
3167
1da177e4
LT		 3168 **** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
3169
3170This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
3171the /dev directory. It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
3172form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here. Links are
3173classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
3174link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.
3175
3176
3177 Compulsory links
3178
3179These links should exist on all systems:
3180
3181/dev/fd /proc/self/fd symbolic File descriptors
3182/dev/stdin fd/0 symbolic stdin file descriptor
3183/dev/stdout fd/1 symbolic stdout file descriptor
3184/dev/stderr fd/2 symbolic stderr file descriptor
3185/dev/nfsd socksys symbolic Required by iBCS-2
3186/dev/X0R null symbolic Required by iBCS-2
3187
3188Note: /dev/X0R is <letter X>-<digit 0>-<letter R>.
3189
3190 Recommended links
3191
3192It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:
3193
3194/dev/core /proc/kcore symbolic Backward compatibility
3195/dev/ramdisk ram0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3196/dev/ftape qft0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3197/dev/bttv0 video0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3198/dev/radio radio0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3199/dev/i2o* /dev/i2o/* symbolic Backward compatibility
3200/dev/scd? sr? hard Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name
3201
3202 Locally defined links
3203
3204The following links may be established locally to conform to the
3205configuration of the system. This is merely a tabulation of existing
3206practice, and does not constitute a recommendation. However, if they
3207exist, they should have the following uses.
3208
3209/dev/mouse mouse port symbolic Current mouse device
3210/dev/tape tape device symbolic Current tape device
3211/dev/cdrom CD-ROM device symbolic Current CD-ROM device
3212/dev/cdwriter CD-writer symbolic Current CD-writer device
3213/dev/scanner scanner symbolic Current scanner device
3214/dev/modem modem port symbolic Current dialout device
3215/dev/root root device symbolic Current root filesystem
3216/dev/swap swap device symbolic Current swap device
3217
3218/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
3219well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems. If it
3220exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate primary TTY device
3221(the use of the alternate callout devices is deprecated).
3222
3223For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
3224``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
3225/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
3226SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).
3227
3228/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
3229device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).
3230
3231 Sockets and pipes
3232
3233Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev. Common entries are:
3234
3235/dev/printer socket lpd local socket
3236/dev/log socket syslog local socket
3237/dev/gpmdata socket gpm mouse multiplexer
3238
3239 Mount points
3240
3241The following names are reserved for mounting special filesystems
3242under /dev. These special filesystems provide kernel interfaces that
3243cannot be provided with standard device nodes.
3244
3245/dev/pts devpts PTY slave filesystem
3246/dev/shm tmpfs POSIX shared memory maintenance access
3247
3248 **** TERMINAL DEVICES
3249
3250Terminal, or TTY devices are a special class of character devices. A
3251terminal device is any device that could act as a controlling terminal
3252for a session; this includes virtual consoles, serial ports, and
3253pseudoterminals (PTYs).
3254
3255All terminal devices share a common set of capabilities known as line
fff9289b 3256disciplines; these include the common terminal line discipline as well
1da177e4
LT		 3257as SLIP and PPP modes.
3258
3259All terminal devices are named similarly; this section explains the
3260naming and use of the various types of TTYs. Note that the naming
3261conventions include several historical warts; some of these are
3262Linux-specific, some were inherited from other systems, and some
3263reflect Linux outgrowing a borrowed convention.
3264
3265A hash mark (#) in a device name is used here to indicate a decimal
3266number without leading zeroes.
3267
3268 Virtual consoles and the console device
3269
3270Virtual consoles are full-screen terminal displays on the system video
3271monitor. Virtual consoles are named /dev/tty#, with numbering
3272starting at /dev/tty1; /dev/tty0 is the current virtual console.
3273/dev/tty0 is the device that should be used to access the system video
3274card on those architectures for which the frame buffer devices
3275(/dev/fb*) are not applicable. Do not use /dev/console
3276for this purpose.
3277
3278The console device, /dev/console, is the device to which system
3279messages should be sent, and on which logins should be permitted in
3280single-user mode. Starting with Linux 2.1.71, /dev/console is managed
3281by the kernel; for previous versions it should be a symbolic link to
3282either /dev/tty0, a specific virtual console such as /dev/tty1, or to
3283a serial port primary (tty*, not cu*) device, depending on the
3284configuration of the system.
3285
3286 Serial ports
3287
3288Serial ports are RS-232 serial ports and any device which simulates
3289one, either in hardware (such as internal modems) or in software (such
3290as the ISDN driver.) Under Linux, each serial ports has two device
3291names, the primary or callin device and the alternate or callout one.
3292Each kind of device is indicated by a different letter. For any
3293letter X, the names of the devices are /dev/ttyX# and /dev/cux#,
3294respectively; for historical reasons, /dev/ttyS# and /dev/ttyC#
3295correspond to /dev/cua# and /dev/cub#. In the future, it should be
3296expected that multiple letters will be used; all letters will be upper
3297case for the "tty" device (e.g. /dev/ttyDP#) and lower case for the
3298"cu" device (e.g. /dev/cudp#).
3299
3300The names /dev/ttyQ# and /dev/cuq# are reserved for local use.
3301
3302The alternate devices provide for kernel-based exclusion and somewhat
3303different defaults than the primary devices. Their main purpose is to
3304allow the use of serial ports with programs with no inherent or broken
3305support for serial ports. Their use is deprecated, and they may be
3306removed from a future version of Linux.
3307
3308Arbitration of serial ports is provided by the use of lock files with
3309the names /var/lock/LCK..ttyX#. The contents of the lock file should
3310be the PID of the locking process as an ASCII number.
3311
3312It is common practice to install links such as /dev/modem
3313which point to serial ports. In order to ensure proper locking in the
3314presence of these links, it is recommended that software chase
3315symlinks and lock all possible names; additionally, it is recommended
3316that a lock file be installed with the corresponding alternate
3317device. In order to avoid deadlocks, it is recommended that the locks
3318are acquired in the following order, and released in the reverse:
3319
3320 1. The symbolic link name, if any (/var/lock/LCK..modem)
3321 2. The "tty" name (/var/lock/LCK..ttyS2)
3322 3. The alternate device name (/var/lock/LCK..cua2)
3323
3324In the case of nested symbolic links, the lock files should be
3325installed in the order the symlinks are resolved.
3326
3327Under no circumstances should an application hold a lock while waiting
3328for another to be released. In addition, applications which attempt
3329to create lock files for the corresponding alternate device names
3330should take into account the possibility of being used on a non-serial
3331port TTY, for which no alternate device would exist.
3332
3333 Pseudoterminals (PTYs)
3334
3335Pseudoterminals, or PTYs, are used to create login sessions or provide
fff9289b 3336other capabilities requiring a TTY line discipline (including SLIP or
1da177e4
LT		 3337PPP capability) to arbitrary data-generation processes. Each PTY has
3338a master side, named /dev/pty[p-za-e][0-9a-f], and a slave side, named
3339/dev/tty[p-za-e][0-9a-f]. The kernel arbitrates the use of PTYs by
3340allowing each master side to be opened only once.
3341
3342Once the master side has been opened, the corresponding slave device
3343can be used in the same manner as any TTY device. The master and
3344slave devices are connected by the kernel, generating the equivalent
3345of a bidirectional pipe with TTY capabilities.
3346
3347Recent versions of the Linux kernels and GNU libc contain support for
3348the System V/Unix98 naming scheme for PTYs, which assigns a common
3349device, /dev/ptmx, to all the masters (opening it will automatically
3350give you a previously unassigned PTY) and a subdirectory, /dev/pts,
3351for the slaves; the slaves are named with decimal integers (/dev/pts/#
3352in our notation). This removes the problem of exhausting the
3353namespace and enables the kernel to automatically create the device
3354nodes for the slaves on demand using the "devpts" filesystem.
3355
Linux kernel - Deliverables
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