Add "volatile" keyword to "struct gdb_exception" declaration
[deliverable/binutils-gdb.git] / libiberty / copying-lib.texi
CommitLineData
fa9f0e33 1@node Library Copying
39423523
DD
2@appendixsec GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
3
4@cindex LGPL, Lesser General Public License
5@center Version 2.1, February 1999
6
7@display
8Copyright @copyright{} 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
979c05d3 951 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
39423523
DD
10
11Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
12of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
13
14[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts
15as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence the
16version number 2.1.]
17@end display
18
19@appendixsubsec Preamble
20
21 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
22freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
23Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change
24free software---to make sure the software is free for all its users.
25
26 This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some
27specially designated software---typically libraries---of the Free
28Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You can use
29it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether this
30license or the ordinary General Public License is the better strategy to
31use in any particular case, based on the explanations below.
32
33 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use,
34not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that
35you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge
36for this service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get
37it if you want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of it
38in new free programs; and that you are informed that you can do these
39things.
40
41 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
42distributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these
43rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for
44you if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.
45
46 For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis
47or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave
48you. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
49code. If you link other code with the library, you must provide
50complete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them
51with the library after making changes to the library and recompiling
52it. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
53
54 We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the
55library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal
56permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.
57
58 To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that
59there is no warranty for the free library. Also, if the library is
60modified by someone else and passed on, the recipients should know
61that what they have is not the original version, so that the original
62author's reputation will not be affected by problems that might be
63introduced by others.
64
65 Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of
66any free program. We wish to make sure that a company cannot
67effectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a
68restrictive license from a patent holder. Therefore, we insist that
69any patent license obtained for a version of the library must be
70consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license.
71
72 Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the
73ordinary GNU General Public License. This license, the GNU Lesser
74General Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and
75is quite different from the ordinary General Public License. We use
76this license for certain libraries in order to permit linking those
77libraries into non-free programs.
78
79 When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using
80a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking a
81combined work, a derivative of the original library. The ordinary
82General Public License therefore permits such linking only if the
83entire combination fits its criteria of freedom. The Lesser General
84Public License permits more lax criteria for linking other code with
85the library.
86
87 We call this license the @dfn{Lesser} General Public License because it
88does @emph{Less} to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary General
89Public License. It also provides other free software developers Less
90of an advantage over competing non-free programs. These disadvantages
91are the reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many
92libraries. However, the Lesser license provides advantages in certain
93special circumstances.
94
95 For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to
96encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it becomes
97a de-facto standard. To achieve this, non-free programs must be
98allowed to use the library. A more frequent case is that a free
99library does the same job as widely used non-free libraries. In this
100case, there is little to gain by limiting the free library to free
101software only, so we use the Lesser General Public License.
102
103 In other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free
104programs enables a greater number of people to use a large body of
105free software. For example, permission to use the GNU C Library in
106non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole GNU
107operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating
108system.
109
110 Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the
111users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is
112linked with the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run
113that program using a modified version of the Library.
114
115 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
116modification follow. Pay close attention to the difference between a
117``work based on the library'' and a ``work that uses the library''. The
118former contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must
119be combined with the library in order to run.
120
121@iftex
122@appendixsubsec TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
123@end iftex
124@ifinfo
125@center GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
126@center TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
127@end ifinfo
128
129@enumerate 0
130@item
131This License Agreement applies to any software library or other program
132which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or other
133authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of this
134Lesser General Public License (also called ``this License''). Each
135licensee is addressed as ``you''.
136
137 A ``library'' means a collection of software functions and/or data
138prepared so as to be conveniently linked with application programs
139(which use some of those functions and data) to form executables.
140
141 The ``Library'', below, refers to any such software library or work
142which has been distributed under these terms. A ``work based on the
143Library'' means either the Library or any derivative work under
144copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Library or a
145portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated
146straightforwardly into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is
147included without limitation in the term ``modification''.)
148
149 ``Source code'' for a work means the preferred form of the work for
150making modifications to it. For a library, complete source code means
151all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated
152interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation
153and installation of the library.
154
155 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
156covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
157running a program using the Library is not restricted, and output from
158such a program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based
159on the Library (independent of the use of the Library in a tool for
160writing it). Whether that is true depends on what the Library does
161and what the program that uses the Library does.
162
163@item
164You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Library's
165complete source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that
166you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an
167appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact
168all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any
169warranty; and distribute a copy of this License along with the
170Library.
171
172 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy,
173and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a
174fee.
175
176@item
177You may modify your copy or copies of the Library or any portion
178of it, thus forming a work based on the Library, and copy and
179distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
180above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
181
182@enumerate a
183@item
184The modified work must itself be a software library.
185
186@item
187You must cause the files modified to carry prominent notices
188stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
189
190@item
191You must cause the whole of the work to be licensed at no
192charge to all third parties under the terms of this License.
193
194@item
195If a facility in the modified Library refers to a function or a
196table of data to be supplied by an application program that uses
197the facility, other than as an argument passed when the facility
198is invoked, then you must make a good faith effort to ensure that,
199in the event an application does not supply such function or
200table, the facility still operates, and performs whatever part of
201its purpose remains meaningful.
202
203(For example, a function in a library to compute square roots has
204a purpose that is entirely well-defined independent of the
205application. Therefore, Subsection 2d requires that any
206application-supplied function or table used by this function must
207be optional: if the application does not supply it, the square
208root function must still compute square roots.)
209@end enumerate
210
211These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
212identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Library,
213and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
214themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
215sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
216distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
217on the Library, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
218this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
219entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote
220it.
221
222Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
223your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
224exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
225collective works based on the Library.
226
227In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Library
228with the Library (or with a work based on the Library) on a volume of
229a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
230the scope of this License.
231
232@item
233You may opt to apply the terms of the ordinary GNU General Public
234License instead of this License to a given copy of the Library. To do
235this, you must alter all the notices that refer to this License, so
236that they refer to the ordinary GNU General Public License, version 2,
237instead of to this License. (If a newer version than version 2 of the
238ordinary GNU General Public License has appeared, then you can specify
239that version instead if you wish.) Do not make any other change in
240these notices.
241
242 Once this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for
243that copy, so the ordinary GNU General Public License applies to all
244subsequent copies and derivative works made from that copy.
245
246 This option is useful when you wish to copy part of the code of
247the Library into a program that is not a library.
248
249@item
250You may copy and distribute the Library (or a portion or
251derivative of it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form
252under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you accompany
253it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which
254must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a
255medium customarily used for software interchange.
256
257 If distribution of object code is made by offering access to copy
258from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy the
259source code from the same place satisfies the requirement to
260distribute the source code, even though third parties are not
261compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
262
263@item
264A program that contains no derivative of any portion of the
265Library, but is designed to work with the Library by being compiled or
266linked with it, is called a ``work that uses the Library''. Such a
267work, in isolation, is not a derivative work of the Library, and
268therefore falls outside the scope of this License.
269
270 However, linking a ``work that uses the Library'' with the Library
271creates an executable that is a derivative of the Library (because it
272contains portions of the Library), rather than a ``work that uses the
273library''. The executable is therefore covered by this License.
274Section 6 states terms for distribution of such executables.
275
276 When a ``work that uses the Library'' uses material from a header file
277that is part of the Library, the object code for the work may be a
278derivative work of the Library even though the source code is not.
279Whether this is true is especially significant if the work can be
280linked without the Library, or if the work is itself a library. The
281threshold for this to be true is not precisely defined by law.
282
283 If such an object file uses only numerical parameters, data
284structure layouts and accessors, and small macros and small inline
285functions (ten lines or less in length), then the use of the object
286file is unrestricted, regardless of whether it is legally a derivative
287work. (Executables containing this object code plus portions of the
288Library will still fall under Section 6.)
289
290 Otherwise, if the work is a derivative of the Library, you may
291distribute the object code for the work under the terms of Section 6.
292Any executables containing that work also fall under Section 6,
293whether or not they are linked directly with the Library itself.
294
295@item
296As an exception to the Sections above, you may also combine or
297link a ``work that uses the Library'' with the Library to produce a
298work containing portions of the Library, and distribute that work
299under terms of your choice, provided that the terms permit
300modification of the work for the customer's own use and reverse
301engineering for debugging such modifications.
302
303 You must give prominent notice with each copy of the work that the
304Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are covered by
305this License. You must supply a copy of this License. If the work
306during execution displays copyright notices, you must include the
307copyright notice for the Library among them, as well as a reference
308directing the user to the copy of this License. Also, you must do one
309of these things:
310
311@enumerate a
312@item
313Accompany the work with the complete corresponding
314machine-readable source code for the Library including whatever
315changes were used in the work (which must be distributed under
316Sections 1 and 2 above); and, if the work is an executable linked
317with the Library, with the complete machine-readable ``work that
318uses the Library'', as object code and/or source code, so that the
319user can modify the Library and then relink to produce a modified
320executable containing the modified Library. (It is understood
321that the user who changes the contents of definitions files in the
322Library will not necessarily be able to recompile the application
323to use the modified definitions.)
324
325@item
326Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the Library. A
327suitable mechanism is one that (1) uses at run time a copy of the
328library already present on the user's computer system, rather than
329copying library functions into the executable, and (2) will operate
330properly with a modified version of the library, if the user installs
331one, as long as the modified version is interface-compatible with the
332version that the work was made with.
333
334@item
335Accompany the work with a written offer, valid for at
336least three years, to give the same user the materials
337specified in Subsection 6a, above, for a charge no more
338than the cost of performing this distribution.
339
340@item
341If distribution of the work is made by offering access to copy
342from a designated place, offer equivalent access to copy the above
343specified materials from the same place.
344
345@item
346Verify that the user has already received a copy of these
347materials or that you have already sent this user a copy.
348@end enumerate
349
350 For an executable, the required form of the ``work that uses the
351Library'' must include any data and utility programs needed for
352reproducing the executable from it. However, as a special exception,
353the materials to be distributed need not include anything that is
354normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major
355components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on
356which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the
357executable.
358
359 It may happen that this requirement contradicts the license
360restrictions of other proprietary libraries that do not normally
361accompany the operating system. Such a contradiction means you cannot
362use both them and the Library together in an executable that you
363distribute.
364
365@item
366You may place library facilities that are a work based on the
367Library side-by-side in a single library together with other library
368facilities not covered by this License, and distribute such a combined
369library, provided that the separate distribution of the work based on
370the Library and of the other library facilities is otherwise
371permitted, and provided that you do these two things:
372
373@enumerate a
374@item
375Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work
376based on the Library, uncombined with any other library
377facilities. This must be distributed under the terms of the
378Sections above.
379
380@item
381Give prominent notice with the combined library of the fact
382that part of it is a work based on the Library, and explaining
383where to find the accompanying uncombined form of the same work.
384@end enumerate
385
386@item
387You may not copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or distribute
388the Library except as expressly provided under this License. Any
389attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, link with, or
390distribute the Library is void, and will automatically terminate your
391rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies,
392or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses
393terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
394
395@item
396You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
397signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
398distribute the Library or its derivative works. These actions are
399prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
400modifying or distributing the Library (or any work based on the
401Library), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
402all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
403the Library or works based on it.
404
405@item
406Each time you redistribute the Library (or any work based on the
407Library), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
408original licensor to copy, distribute, link with or modify the Library
409subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
410restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
411You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties with
412this License.
413
414@item
415If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
416infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
417conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
418otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
419excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
420distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
421License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
422may not distribute the Library at all. For example, if a patent
423license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Library by
424all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
425the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
426refrain entirely from distribution of the Library.
427
428If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any
429particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply,
430and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.
431
432It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
433patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
434such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
435integrity of the free software distribution system which is
436implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
437generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
438through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
439system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
440to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
441impose that choice.
442
443This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
444be a consequence of the rest of this License.
445
446@item
447If the distribution and/or use of the Library is restricted in
448certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
449original copyright holder who places the Library under this License may add
450an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries,
451so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus
452excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if
453written in the body of this License.
454
455@item
456The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
457versions of the Lesser General Public License from time to time.
458Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version,
459but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
460
461Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Library
462specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and
463``any later version'', you have the option of following the terms and
464conditions either of that version or of any later version published by
465the Free Software Foundation. If the Library does not specify a
466license version number, you may choose any version ever published by
467the Free Software Foundation.
468
469@item
470If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free
471programs whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these,
472write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is
473copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free
474Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our
475decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status
476of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing
477and reuse of software generally.
478
39423523 479@center NO WARRANTY
39423523
DD
480
481@item
482BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
483WARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
484EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
485OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE LIBRARY ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
486KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
487IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
488PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE
489LIBRARY IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE LIBRARY PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME
490THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
491
492@item
493IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN
494WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY
495AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LIBRARY AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU
496FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
497CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE
498LIBRARY (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING
499RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A
500FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER SOFTWARE), EVEN IF
501SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
502DAMAGES.
503@end enumerate
504
505@iftex
506@heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
507@end iftex
508@ifinfo
509@center END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
510@end ifinfo
511
512@page
513@appendixsubsec How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries
514
515 If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest
516possible use to the public, we recommend making it free software that
517everyone can redistribute and change. You can do so by permitting
518redistribution under these terms (or, alternatively, under the terms of the
519ordinary General Public License).
520
521 To apply these terms, attach the following notices to the library. It is
522safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
523convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
524``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
525
526@smallexample
527@var{one line to give the library's name and an idea of what it does.}
528Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{name of author}
529
530This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
531under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
532the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at
533your option) any later version.
534
535This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
536WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
537MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
538Lesser General Public License for more details.
539
540You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
541License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
979c05d3 542Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301,
39423523
DD
543USA.
544@end smallexample
545
546Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
547
548You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
549school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the library, if
550necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
551
552@smallexample
553Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the library
554`Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.
555
556@var{signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1990
557Ty Coon, President of Vice
558@end smallexample
559
560That's all there is to it!
This page took 0.53844 seconds and 4 git commands to generate.