2 * linux/arch/arm/mm/init.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Russell King
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10 #include <linux/kernel.h>
11 #include <linux/errno.h>
12 #include <linux/swap.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
15 #include <linux/mman.h>
16 #include <linux/export.h>
17 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
18 #include <linux/initrd.h>
19 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
20 #include <linux/highmem.h>
21 #include <linux/gfp.h>
22 #include <linux/memblock.h>
23 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
24 #include <linux/sizes.h>
27 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
28 #include <asm/memblock.h>
30 #include <asm/sections.h>
31 #include <asm/setup.h>
33 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
35 #include <asm/mach/arch.h>
36 #include <asm/mach/map.h>
40 #ifdef CONFIG_CPU_CP15_MMU
41 unsigned long __init
__clear_cr(unsigned long mask
)
43 cr_alignment
= cr_alignment
& ~mask
;
48 static phys_addr_t phys_initrd_start __initdata
= 0;
49 static unsigned long phys_initrd_size __initdata
= 0;
51 static int __init
early_initrd(char *p
)
57 start
= memparse(p
, &endp
);
59 size
= memparse(endp
+ 1, NULL
);
61 phys_initrd_start
= start
;
62 phys_initrd_size
= size
;
66 early_param("initrd", early_initrd
);
68 static int __init
parse_tag_initrd(const struct tag
*tag
)
70 pr_warn("ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; "
71 "please update your bootloader.\n");
72 phys_initrd_start
= __virt_to_phys(tag
->u
.initrd
.start
);
73 phys_initrd_size
= tag
->u
.initrd
.size
;
77 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD
, parse_tag_initrd
);
79 static int __init
parse_tag_initrd2(const struct tag
*tag
)
81 phys_initrd_start
= tag
->u
.initrd
.start
;
82 phys_initrd_size
= tag
->u
.initrd
.size
;
86 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD2
, parse_tag_initrd2
);
89 * This keeps memory configuration data used by a couple memory
90 * initialization functions, as well as show_mem() for the skipping
91 * of holes in the memory map. It is populated by arm_add_memory().
93 void show_mem(unsigned int filter
)
95 int free
= 0, total
= 0, reserved
= 0;
96 int shared
= 0, cached
= 0, slab
= 0;
97 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
99 printk("Mem-info:\n");
100 show_free_areas(filter
);
102 for_each_memblock (memory
, reg
) {
103 unsigned int pfn1
, pfn2
;
104 struct page
*page
, *end
;
106 pfn1
= memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
);
107 pfn2
= memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg
);
109 page
= pfn_to_page(pfn1
);
110 end
= pfn_to_page(pfn2
- 1) + 1;
114 if (PageReserved(page
))
116 else if (PageSwapCache(page
))
118 else if (PageSlab(page
))
120 else if (!page_count(page
))
123 shared
+= page_count(page
) - 1;
125 page
= pfn_to_page(pfn1
);
126 } while (pfn1
< pfn2
);
129 printk("%d pages of RAM\n", total
);
130 printk("%d free pages\n", free
);
131 printk("%d reserved pages\n", reserved
);
132 printk("%d slab pages\n", slab
);
133 printk("%d pages shared\n", shared
);
134 printk("%d pages swap cached\n", cached
);
137 static void __init
find_limits(unsigned long *min
, unsigned long *max_low
,
138 unsigned long *max_high
)
140 *max_low
= PFN_DOWN(memblock_get_current_limit());
141 *min
= PFN_UP(memblock_start_of_DRAM());
142 *max_high
= PFN_DOWN(memblock_end_of_DRAM());
145 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
147 phys_addr_t arm_dma_zone_size __read_mostly
;
148 EXPORT_SYMBOL(arm_dma_zone_size
);
151 * The DMA mask corresponding to the maximum bus address allocatable
152 * using GFP_DMA. The default here places no restriction on DMA
153 * allocations. This must be the smallest DMA mask in the system,
154 * so a successful GFP_DMA allocation will always satisfy this.
156 phys_addr_t arm_dma_limit
;
157 unsigned long arm_dma_pfn_limit
;
159 static void __init
arm_adjust_dma_zone(unsigned long *size
, unsigned long *hole
,
160 unsigned long dma_size
)
162 if (size
[0] <= dma_size
)
165 size
[ZONE_NORMAL
] = size
[0] - dma_size
;
166 size
[ZONE_DMA
] = dma_size
;
167 hole
[ZONE_NORMAL
] = hole
[0];
172 void __init
setup_dma_zone(const struct machine_desc
*mdesc
)
174 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
175 if (mdesc
->dma_zone_size
) {
176 arm_dma_zone_size
= mdesc
->dma_zone_size
;
177 arm_dma_limit
= PHYS_OFFSET
+ arm_dma_zone_size
- 1;
179 arm_dma_limit
= 0xffffffff;
180 arm_dma_pfn_limit
= arm_dma_limit
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
184 static void __init
zone_sizes_init(unsigned long min
, unsigned long max_low
,
185 unsigned long max_high
)
187 unsigned long zone_size
[MAX_NR_ZONES
], zhole_size
[MAX_NR_ZONES
];
188 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
191 * initialise the zones.
193 memset(zone_size
, 0, sizeof(zone_size
));
196 * The memory size has already been determined. If we need
197 * to do anything fancy with the allocation of this memory
198 * to the zones, now is the time to do it.
200 zone_size
[0] = max_low
- min
;
201 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
202 zone_size
[ZONE_HIGHMEM
] = max_high
- max_low
;
206 * Calculate the size of the holes.
207 * holes = node_size - sum(bank_sizes)
209 memcpy(zhole_size
, zone_size
, sizeof(zhole_size
));
210 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
) {
211 unsigned long start
= memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
);
212 unsigned long end
= memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg
);
214 if (start
< max_low
) {
215 unsigned long low_end
= min(end
, max_low
);
216 zhole_size
[0] -= low_end
- start
;
218 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
220 unsigned long high_start
= max(start
, max_low
);
221 zhole_size
[ZONE_HIGHMEM
] -= end
- high_start
;
226 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
228 * Adjust the sizes according to any special requirements for
231 if (arm_dma_zone_size
)
232 arm_adjust_dma_zone(zone_size
, zhole_size
,
233 arm_dma_zone_size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
236 free_area_init_node(0, zone_size
, min
, zhole_size
);
239 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PFN_VALID
240 int pfn_valid(unsigned long pfn
)
242 return memblock_is_memory(__pfn_to_phys(pfn
));
244 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_valid
);
247 #ifndef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
248 static void __init
arm_memory_present(void)
252 static void __init
arm_memory_present(void)
254 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
256 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
)
257 memory_present(0, memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
),
258 memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg
));
262 static bool arm_memblock_steal_permitted
= true;
264 phys_addr_t __init
arm_memblock_steal(phys_addr_t size
, phys_addr_t align
)
268 BUG_ON(!arm_memblock_steal_permitted
);
270 phys
= memblock_alloc_base(size
, align
, MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ANYWHERE
);
271 memblock_free(phys
, size
);
272 memblock_remove(phys
, size
);
277 void __init
arm_memblock_init(const struct machine_desc
*mdesc
)
279 /* Register the kernel text, kernel data and initrd with memblock. */
280 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
281 memblock_reserve(__pa(_sdata
), _end
- _sdata
);
283 memblock_reserve(__pa(_stext
), _end
- _stext
);
285 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
286 /* FDT scan will populate initrd_start */
287 if (initrd_start
&& !phys_initrd_size
) {
288 phys_initrd_start
= __virt_to_phys(initrd_start
);
289 phys_initrd_size
= initrd_end
- initrd_start
;
291 initrd_start
= initrd_end
= 0;
292 if (phys_initrd_size
&&
293 !memblock_is_region_memory(phys_initrd_start
, phys_initrd_size
)) {
294 pr_err("INITRD: 0x%08llx+0x%08lx is not a memory region - disabling initrd\n",
295 (u64
)phys_initrd_start
, phys_initrd_size
);
296 phys_initrd_start
= phys_initrd_size
= 0;
298 if (phys_initrd_size
&&
299 memblock_is_region_reserved(phys_initrd_start
, phys_initrd_size
)) {
300 pr_err("INITRD: 0x%08llx+0x%08lx overlaps in-use memory region - disabling initrd\n",
301 (u64
)phys_initrd_start
, phys_initrd_size
);
302 phys_initrd_start
= phys_initrd_size
= 0;
304 if (phys_initrd_size
) {
305 memblock_reserve(phys_initrd_start
, phys_initrd_size
);
307 /* Now convert initrd to virtual addresses */
308 initrd_start
= __phys_to_virt(phys_initrd_start
);
309 initrd_end
= initrd_start
+ phys_initrd_size
;
313 arm_mm_memblock_reserve();
315 /* reserve any platform specific memblock areas */
319 early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
322 * reserve memory for DMA contigouos allocations,
323 * must come from DMA area inside low memory
325 dma_contiguous_reserve(arm_dma_limit
);
327 arm_memblock_steal_permitted
= false;
331 void __init
bootmem_init(void)
333 unsigned long min
, max_low
, max_high
;
335 memblock_allow_resize();
336 max_low
= max_high
= 0;
338 find_limits(&min
, &max_low
, &max_high
);
341 * Sparsemem tries to allocate bootmem in memory_present(),
342 * so must be done after the fixed reservations
344 arm_memory_present();
347 * sparse_init() needs the bootmem allocator up and running.
352 * Now free the memory - free_area_init_node needs
353 * the sparse mem_map arrays initialized by sparse_init()
354 * for memmap_init_zone(), otherwise all PFNs are invalid.
356 zone_sizes_init(min
, max_low
, max_high
);
359 * This doesn't seem to be used by the Linux memory manager any
360 * more, but is used by ll_rw_block. If we can get rid of it, we
361 * also get rid of some of the stuff above as well.
364 max_low_pfn
= max_low
;
369 * Poison init memory with an undefined instruction (ARM) or a branch to an
370 * undefined instruction (Thumb).
372 static inline void poison_init_mem(void *s
, size_t count
)
375 for (; count
!= 0; count
-= 4)
380 free_memmap(unsigned long start_pfn
, unsigned long end_pfn
)
382 struct page
*start_pg
, *end_pg
;
383 phys_addr_t pg
, pgend
;
386 * Convert start_pfn/end_pfn to a struct page pointer.
388 start_pg
= pfn_to_page(start_pfn
- 1) + 1;
389 end_pg
= pfn_to_page(end_pfn
- 1) + 1;
392 * Convert to physical addresses, and
393 * round start upwards and end downwards.
395 pg
= PAGE_ALIGN(__pa(start_pg
));
396 pgend
= __pa(end_pg
) & PAGE_MASK
;
399 * If there are free pages between these,
400 * free the section of the memmap array.
403 memblock_free_early(pg
, pgend
- pg
);
407 * The mem_map array can get very big. Free the unused area of the memory map.
409 static void __init
free_unused_memmap(void)
411 unsigned long start
, prev_end
= 0;
412 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
415 * This relies on each bank being in address order.
416 * The banks are sorted previously in bootmem_init().
418 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
) {
419 start
= memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
);
421 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
423 * Take care not to free memmap entries that don't exist
424 * due to SPARSEMEM sections which aren't present.
427 ALIGN(prev_end
, PAGES_PER_SECTION
));
430 * Align down here since the VM subsystem insists that the
431 * memmap entries are valid from the bank start aligned to
432 * MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES.
434 start
= round_down(start
, MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES
);
437 * If we had a previous bank, and there is a space
438 * between the current bank and the previous, free it.
440 if (prev_end
&& prev_end
< start
)
441 free_memmap(prev_end
, start
);
444 * Align up here since the VM subsystem insists that the
445 * memmap entries are valid from the bank end aligned to
446 * MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES.
448 prev_end
= ALIGN(memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg
),
452 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
453 if (!IS_ALIGNED(prev_end
, PAGES_PER_SECTION
))
454 free_memmap(prev_end
,
455 ALIGN(prev_end
, PAGES_PER_SECTION
));
459 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
460 static inline void free_area_high(unsigned long pfn
, unsigned long end
)
462 for (; pfn
< end
; pfn
++)
463 free_highmem_page(pfn_to_page(pfn
));
467 static void __init
free_highpages(void)
469 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
470 unsigned long max_low
= max_low_pfn
;
471 struct memblock_region
*mem
, *res
;
473 /* set highmem page free */
474 for_each_memblock(memory
, mem
) {
475 unsigned long start
= memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(mem
);
476 unsigned long end
= memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(mem
);
478 /* Ignore complete lowmem entries */
482 /* Truncate partial highmem entries */
486 /* Find and exclude any reserved regions */
487 for_each_memblock(reserved
, res
) {
488 unsigned long res_start
, res_end
;
490 res_start
= memblock_region_reserved_base_pfn(res
);
491 res_end
= memblock_region_reserved_end_pfn(res
);
495 if (res_start
< start
)
501 if (res_start
!= start
)
502 free_area_high(start
, res_start
);
508 /* And now free anything which remains */
510 free_area_high(start
, end
);
516 * mem_init() marks the free areas in the mem_map and tells us how much
517 * memory is free. This is done after various parts of the system have
518 * claimed their memory after the kernel image.
520 void __init
mem_init(void)
522 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
523 /* These pointers are filled in on TCM detection */
528 set_max_mapnr(pfn_to_page(max_pfn
) - mem_map
);
530 /* this will put all unused low memory onto the freelists */
531 free_unused_memmap();
535 /* now that our DMA memory is actually so designated, we can free it */
536 free_reserved_area(__va(PHYS_OFFSET
), swapper_pg_dir
, -1, NULL
);
541 mem_init_print_info(NULL
);
543 #define MLK(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 10
544 #define MLM(b, t) b, t, ((t) - (b)) >> 20
545 #define MLK_ROUNDUP(b, t) b, t, DIV_ROUND_UP(((t) - (b)), SZ_1K)
547 pr_notice("Virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
548 " vector : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
549 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
550 " DTCM : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
551 " ITCM : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
553 " fixmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
554 " vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
555 " lowmem : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
556 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
557 " pkmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
559 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
560 " modules : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
562 " .text : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
563 " .init : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
564 " .data : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n"
565 " .bss : 0x%p" " - 0x%p" " (%4d kB)\n",
567 MLK(UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE
), UL(CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE
) +
569 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
570 MLK(DTCM_OFFSET
, (unsigned long) dtcm_end
),
571 MLK(ITCM_OFFSET
, (unsigned long) itcm_end
),
573 MLK(FIXADDR_START
, FIXADDR_TOP
),
574 MLM(VMALLOC_START
, VMALLOC_END
),
575 MLM(PAGE_OFFSET
, (unsigned long)high_memory
),
576 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
577 MLM(PKMAP_BASE
, (PKMAP_BASE
) + (LAST_PKMAP
) *
580 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
581 MLM(MODULES_VADDR
, MODULES_END
),
584 MLK_ROUNDUP(_text
, _etext
),
585 MLK_ROUNDUP(__init_begin
, __init_end
),
586 MLK_ROUNDUP(_sdata
, _edata
),
587 MLK_ROUNDUP(__bss_start
, __bss_stop
));
594 * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
595 * be detected at build time already.
598 BUILD_BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE
> MODULES_VADDR
);
599 BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE
> MODULES_VADDR
);
602 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
603 BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE
+ LAST_PKMAP
* PAGE_SIZE
> PAGE_OFFSET
);
604 BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE
+ LAST_PKMAP
* PAGE_SIZE
> PAGE_OFFSET
);
607 if (PAGE_SIZE
>= 16384 && get_num_physpages() <= 128) {
608 extern int sysctl_overcommit_memory
;
610 * On a machine this small we won't get
611 * anywhere without overcommit, so turn
614 sysctl_overcommit_memory
= OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS
;
618 void free_initmem(void)
620 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_TCM
621 extern char __tcm_start
, __tcm_end
;
623 poison_init_mem(&__tcm_start
, &__tcm_end
- &__tcm_start
);
624 free_reserved_area(&__tcm_start
, &__tcm_end
, -1, "TCM link");
627 poison_init_mem(__init_begin
, __init_end
- __init_begin
);
628 if (!machine_is_integrator() && !machine_is_cintegrator())
629 free_initmem_default(-1);
632 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
634 static int keep_initrd
;
636 void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start
, unsigned long end
)
639 if (start
== initrd_start
)
640 start
= round_down(start
, PAGE_SIZE
);
641 if (end
== initrd_end
)
642 end
= round_up(end
, PAGE_SIZE
);
644 poison_init_mem((void *)start
, PAGE_ALIGN(end
) - start
);
645 free_reserved_area((void *)start
, (void *)end
, -1, "initrd");
649 static int __init
keepinitrd_setup(char *__unused
)
655 __setup("keepinitrd", keepinitrd_setup
);