2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
38 #include <linux/highmem.h>
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/efi.h>
41 #include <linux/init.h>
42 #include <linux/edd.h>
43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
44 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/dmi.h>
47 #include <linux/pfn.h>
48 #include <linux/pci.h>
49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
52 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
54 #include <linux/errno.h>
55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
71 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
73 #include <video/edid.h>
77 #include <asm/realmode.h>
79 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
80 #include <asm/setup.h>
82 #include <asm/timer.h>
83 #include <asm/i8259.h>
84 #include <asm/sections.h>
86 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
88 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
89 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
90 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
91 #include <asm/processor.h>
94 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
98 #include <asm/iommu.h>
100 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
101 #include <asm/proto.h>
103 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
104 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
105 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
107 #include <asm/percpu.h>
108 #include <asm/topology.h>
109 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
110 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
112 #include <asm/numa_64.h>
115 #include <asm/alternative.h>
116 #include <asm/prom.h>
119 * end_pfn only includes RAM, while max_pfn_mapped includes all e820 entries.
120 * The direct mapping extends to max_pfn_mapped, so that we can directly access
121 * apertures, ACPI and other tables without having to play with fixmaps.
123 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped
;
124 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped
;
127 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc
, 65536);
131 static __initdata
unsigned long _brk_start
= (unsigned long)__brk_base
;
132 unsigned long _brk_end
= (unsigned long)__brk_base
;
135 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu
)
137 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu
);
140 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid
)
142 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid
);
146 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_BOOT_PARAMS
147 struct boot_params __initdata boot_params
;
149 struct boot_params boot_params
;
155 static struct resource data_resource
= {
156 .name
= "Kernel data",
159 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
162 static struct resource code_resource
= {
163 .name
= "Kernel code",
166 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
169 static struct resource bss_resource
= {
170 .name
= "Kernel bss",
173 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
178 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
179 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata
= {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
180 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
181 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly
= {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
182 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data
);
184 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp
;
186 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
187 unsigned int machine_id
;
188 unsigned int machine_submodel_id
;
189 unsigned int BIOS_revision
;
191 struct apm_info apm_info
;
192 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info
);
194 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
195 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
196 struct ist_info ist_info
;
197 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info
);
199 struct ist_info ist_info
;
203 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly
= {
204 .x86_phys_bits
= MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS
,
206 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data
);
210 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
211 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features
;
213 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features
= X86_CR4_PAE
;
216 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
217 int bootloader_type
, bootloader_version
;
222 struct screen_info screen_info
;
223 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info
);
224 struct edid_info edid_info
;
225 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info
);
227 extern int root_mountflags
;
229 unsigned long saved_video_mode
;
231 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
232 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
233 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
235 static char __initdata command_line
[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
];
236 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
237 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline
[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
] = CONFIG_CMDLINE
;
240 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
242 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
246 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
247 * from boot_params into a safe place.
250 static inline void __init
copy_edd(void)
252 memcpy(edd
.mbr_signature
, boot_params
.edd_mbr_sig_buffer
,
253 sizeof(edd
.mbr_signature
));
254 memcpy(edd
.edd_info
, boot_params
.eddbuf
, sizeof(edd
.edd_info
));
255 edd
.mbr_signature_nr
= boot_params
.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries
;
256 edd
.edd_info_nr
= boot_params
.eddbuf_entries
;
259 static inline void __init
copy_edd(void)
264 void * __init
extend_brk(size_t size
, size_t align
)
266 size_t mask
= align
- 1;
269 BUG_ON(_brk_start
== 0);
270 BUG_ON(align
& mask
);
272 _brk_end
= (_brk_end
+ mask
) & ~mask
;
273 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end
+ size
) > __brk_limit
);
275 ret
= (void *)_brk_end
;
278 memset(ret
, 0, size
);
284 static void __init
init_gbpages(void)
286 if (direct_gbpages
&& cpu_has_gbpages
)
287 printk(KERN_INFO
"Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
292 static inline void init_gbpages(void)
295 static void __init
cleanup_highmap(void)
300 static void __init
reserve_brk(void)
302 if (_brk_end
> _brk_start
)
303 memblock_reserve(__pa(_brk_start
),
304 __pa(_brk_end
) - __pa(_brk_start
));
306 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
311 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
313 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
314 static void __init
relocate_initrd(void)
316 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
317 u64 ramdisk_image
= boot_params
.hdr
.ramdisk_image
;
318 u64 ramdisk_size
= boot_params
.hdr
.ramdisk_size
;
319 u64 area_size
= PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size
);
320 u64 end_of_lowmem
= max_low_pfn_mapped
<< PAGE_SHIFT
;
322 unsigned long slop
, clen
, mapaddr
;
325 /* We need to move the initrd down into lowmem */
326 ramdisk_here
= memblock_find_in_range(0, end_of_lowmem
, area_size
,
330 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
333 /* Note: this includes all the lowmem currently occupied by
334 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
335 memblock_reserve(ramdisk_here
, area_size
);
336 initrd_start
= ramdisk_here
+ PAGE_OFFSET
;
337 initrd_end
= initrd_start
+ ramdisk_size
;
338 printk(KERN_INFO
"Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
339 ramdisk_here
, ramdisk_here
+ ramdisk_size
- 1);
341 q
= (char *)initrd_start
;
343 /* Copy any lowmem portion of the initrd */
344 if (ramdisk_image
< end_of_lowmem
) {
345 clen
= end_of_lowmem
- ramdisk_image
;
346 p
= (char *)__va(ramdisk_image
);
349 ramdisk_image
+= clen
;
350 ramdisk_size
-= clen
;
353 /* Copy the highmem portion of the initrd */
354 while (ramdisk_size
) {
355 slop
= ramdisk_image
& ~PAGE_MASK
;
357 if (clen
> MAX_MAP_CHUNK
-slop
)
358 clen
= MAX_MAP_CHUNK
-slop
;
359 mapaddr
= ramdisk_image
& PAGE_MASK
;
360 p
= early_memremap(mapaddr
, clen
+slop
);
361 memcpy(q
, p
+slop
, clen
);
362 early_iounmap(p
, clen
+slop
);
364 ramdisk_image
+= clen
;
365 ramdisk_size
-= clen
;
367 /* high pages is not converted by early_res_to_bootmem */
368 ramdisk_image
= boot_params
.hdr
.ramdisk_image
;
369 ramdisk_size
= boot_params
.hdr
.ramdisk_size
;
370 printk(KERN_INFO
"Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to"
371 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
372 ramdisk_image
, ramdisk_image
+ ramdisk_size
- 1,
373 ramdisk_here
, ramdisk_here
+ ramdisk_size
- 1);
376 static void __init
reserve_initrd(void)
378 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
379 u64 ramdisk_image
= boot_params
.hdr
.ramdisk_image
;
380 u64 ramdisk_size
= boot_params
.hdr
.ramdisk_size
;
381 u64 ramdisk_end
= PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image
+ ramdisk_size
);
382 u64 end_of_lowmem
= max_low_pfn_mapped
<< PAGE_SHIFT
;
384 if (!boot_params
.hdr
.type_of_loader
||
385 !ramdisk_image
|| !ramdisk_size
)
386 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
390 if (ramdisk_size
>= (end_of_lowmem
>>1)) {
391 panic("initrd too large to handle, "
392 "disabling initrd (%lld needed, %lld available)\n",
393 ramdisk_size
, end_of_lowmem
>>1);
396 printk(KERN_INFO
"RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image
,
400 if (ramdisk_end
<= end_of_lowmem
) {
401 /* All in lowmem, easy case */
403 * don't need to reserve again, already reserved early
404 * in i386_start_kernel
406 initrd_start
= ramdisk_image
+ PAGE_OFFSET
;
407 initrd_end
= initrd_start
+ ramdisk_size
;
413 memblock_free(ramdisk_image
, ramdisk_end
- ramdisk_image
);
416 static void __init
reserve_initrd(void)
419 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
421 static void __init
parse_setup_data(void)
423 struct setup_data
*data
;
426 if (boot_params
.hdr
.version
< 0x0209)
428 pa_data
= boot_params
.hdr
.setup_data
;
430 u32 data_len
, map_len
;
432 map_len
= max(PAGE_SIZE
- (pa_data
& ~PAGE_MASK
),
433 (u64
)sizeof(struct setup_data
));
434 data
= early_memremap(pa_data
, map_len
);
435 data_len
= data
->len
+ sizeof(struct setup_data
);
436 if (data_len
> map_len
) {
437 early_iounmap(data
, map_len
);
438 data
= early_memremap(pa_data
, data_len
);
442 switch (data
->type
) {
444 parse_e820_ext(data
);
452 pa_data
= data
->next
;
453 early_iounmap(data
, map_len
);
457 static void __init
e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
459 struct setup_data
*data
;
463 if (boot_params
.hdr
.version
< 0x0209)
465 pa_data
= boot_params
.hdr
.setup_data
;
467 data
= early_memremap(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
));
468 e820_update_range(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
)+data
->len
,
469 E820_RAM
, E820_RESERVED_KERN
);
471 pa_data
= data
->next
;
472 early_iounmap(data
, sizeof(*data
));
477 sanitize_e820_map(e820
.map
, ARRAY_SIZE(e820
.map
), &e820
.nr_map
);
478 memcpy(&e820_saved
, &e820
, sizeof(struct e820map
));
479 printk(KERN_INFO
"extended physical RAM map:\n");
480 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
483 static void __init
memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
485 struct setup_data
*data
;
488 if (boot_params
.hdr
.version
< 0x0209)
490 pa_data
= boot_params
.hdr
.setup_data
;
492 data
= early_memremap(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
));
493 memblock_reserve(pa_data
, sizeof(*data
) + data
->len
);
494 pa_data
= data
->next
;
495 early_iounmap(data
, sizeof(*data
));
500 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
506 * Keep the crash kernel below this limit. On 32 bits earlier kernels
507 * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions.
508 * On 64 bits, kexec-tools currently limits us to 896 MiB; increase this
509 * limit once kexec-tools are fixed.
512 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX (512 << 20)
514 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX (896 << 20)
517 static void __init
reserve_crashkernel(void)
519 unsigned long long total_mem
;
520 unsigned long long crash_size
, crash_base
;
523 total_mem
= memblock_phys_mem_size();
525 ret
= parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line
, total_mem
,
526 &crash_size
, &crash_base
);
527 if (ret
!= 0 || crash_size
<= 0)
530 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
531 if (crash_base
<= 0) {
532 const unsigned long long alignment
= 16<<20; /* 16M */
535 * kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
537 crash_base
= memblock_find_in_range(alignment
,
538 CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
, crash_size
, alignment
);
541 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
545 unsigned long long start
;
547 start
= memblock_find_in_range(crash_base
,
548 crash_base
+ crash_size
, crash_size
, 1<<20);
549 if (start
!= crash_base
) {
550 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
554 memblock_reserve(crash_base
, crash_size
);
556 printk(KERN_INFO
"Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
557 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
558 (unsigned long)(crash_size
>> 20),
559 (unsigned long)(crash_base
>> 20),
560 (unsigned long)(total_mem
>> 20));
562 crashk_res
.start
= crash_base
;
563 crashk_res
.end
= crash_base
+ crash_size
- 1;
564 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &crashk_res
);
567 static void __init
reserve_crashkernel(void)
572 static struct resource standard_io_resources
[] = {
573 { .name
= "dma1", .start
= 0x00, .end
= 0x1f,
574 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
575 { .name
= "pic1", .start
= 0x20, .end
= 0x21,
576 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
577 { .name
= "timer0", .start
= 0x40, .end
= 0x43,
578 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
579 { .name
= "timer1", .start
= 0x50, .end
= 0x53,
580 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
581 { .name
= "keyboard", .start
= 0x60, .end
= 0x60,
582 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
583 { .name
= "keyboard", .start
= 0x64, .end
= 0x64,
584 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
585 { .name
= "dma page reg", .start
= 0x80, .end
= 0x8f,
586 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
587 { .name
= "pic2", .start
= 0xa0, .end
= 0xa1,
588 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
589 { .name
= "dma2", .start
= 0xc0, .end
= 0xdf,
590 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
},
591 { .name
= "fpu", .start
= 0xf0, .end
= 0xff,
592 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_IO
}
595 void __init
reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
599 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
600 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources
); i
++)
601 request_resource(&ioport_resource
, &standard_io_resources
[i
]);
605 static __init
void reserve_ibft_region(void)
607 unsigned long addr
, size
= 0;
609 addr
= find_ibft_region(&size
);
612 memblock_reserve(addr
, size
);
615 static unsigned reserve_low
= CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW
<< 10;
617 static void __init
trim_bios_range(void)
620 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
621 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
622 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
624 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
625 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the
626 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
628 e820_update_range(0, ALIGN(reserve_low
, PAGE_SIZE
),
629 E820_RAM
, E820_RESERVED
);
632 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
633 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
636 e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN
, BIOS_END
- BIOS_BEGIN
, E820_RAM
, 1);
637 sanitize_e820_map(e820
.map
, ARRAY_SIZE(e820
.map
), &e820
.nr_map
);
640 static int __init
parse_reservelow(char *p
)
642 unsigned long long size
;
647 size
= memparse(p
, &p
);
660 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow
);
663 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
664 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
665 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
666 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
667 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
670 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
672 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
675 void __init
setup_arch(char **cmdline_p
)
678 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data
, &new_cpu_data
, sizeof(new_cpu_data
));
679 visws_early_detect();
682 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
683 * to the proper swapper page table
685 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir
+ KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY
,
686 initial_page_table
+ KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY
,
689 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir
);
692 printk(KERN_INFO
"Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line
);
696 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
697 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
703 early_ioremap_init();
705 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
707 ROOT_DEV
= old_decode_dev(boot_params
.hdr
.root_dev
);
708 screen_info
= boot_params
.screen_info
;
709 edid_info
= boot_params
.edid_info
;
711 apm_info
.bios
= boot_params
.apm_bios_info
;
712 ist_info
= boot_params
.ist_info
;
713 if (boot_params
.sys_desc_table
.length
!= 0) {
714 machine_id
= boot_params
.sys_desc_table
.table
[0];
715 machine_submodel_id
= boot_params
.sys_desc_table
.table
[1];
716 BIOS_revision
= boot_params
.sys_desc_table
.table
[2];
719 saved_video_mode
= boot_params
.hdr
.vid_mode
;
720 bootloader_type
= boot_params
.hdr
.type_of_loader
;
721 if ((bootloader_type
>> 4) == 0xe) {
722 bootloader_type
&= 0xf;
723 bootloader_type
|= (boot_params
.hdr
.ext_loader_type
+0x10) << 4;
725 bootloader_version
= bootloader_type
& 0xf;
726 bootloader_version
|= boot_params
.hdr
.ext_loader_ver
<< 4;
728 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
729 rd_image_start
= boot_params
.hdr
.ram_size
& RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK
;
730 rd_prompt
= ((boot_params
.hdr
.ram_size
& RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG
) != 0);
731 rd_doload
= ((boot_params
.hdr
.ram_size
& RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG
) != 0);
734 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params
.efi_info
.efi_loader_signature
,
738 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params
.efi_info
.efi_loader_signature
,
743 if (efi_enabled
&& efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range())
747 x86_init
.oem
.arch_setup();
749 iomem_resource
.end
= (1ULL << boot_cpu_data
.x86_phys_bits
) - 1;
752 /* update the e820_saved too */
753 e820_reserve_setup_data();
757 if (!boot_params
.hdr
.root_flags
)
758 root_mountflags
&= ~MS_RDONLY
;
759 init_mm
.start_code
= (unsigned long) _text
;
760 init_mm
.end_code
= (unsigned long) _etext
;
761 init_mm
.end_data
= (unsigned long) _edata
;
762 init_mm
.brk
= _brk_end
;
764 code_resource
.start
= virt_to_phys(_text
);
765 code_resource
.end
= virt_to_phys(_etext
)-1;
766 data_resource
.start
= virt_to_phys(_etext
);
767 data_resource
.end
= virt_to_phys(_edata
)-1;
768 bss_resource
.start
= virt_to_phys(&__bss_start
);
769 bss_resource
.end
= virt_to_phys(&__bss_stop
)-1;
771 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
772 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
773 strlcpy(boot_command_line
, builtin_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
775 if (builtin_cmdline
[0]) {
776 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
777 strlcat(builtin_cmdline
, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
778 strlcat(builtin_cmdline
, boot_command_line
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
779 strlcpy(boot_command_line
, builtin_cmdline
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
784 strlcpy(command_line
, boot_command_line
, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE
);
785 *cmdline_p
= command_line
;
788 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
789 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
790 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
791 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
792 * to honor the respective command line option.
800 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
801 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
803 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
804 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
807 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC
);
811 if (pci_early_dump_regs
)
812 early_dump_pci_devices();
815 finish_e820_parsing();
823 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
824 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
826 init_hypervisor_platform();
828 x86_init
.resources
.probe_roms();
830 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
831 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &code_resource
);
832 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &data_resource
);
833 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, &bss_resource
);
837 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
838 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL
, 0x40000ULL
, E820_RAM
,
840 sanitize_e820_map(e820
.map
, ARRAY_SIZE(e820
.map
), &e820
.nr_map
);
841 printk(KERN_INFO
"fixed physical RAM map:\n");
842 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
845 early_gart_iommu_check();
849 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
850 * we are rounding upwards:
852 max_pfn
= e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
854 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
856 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn
))
857 max_pfn
= e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
860 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
861 find_low_pfn_range();
863 num_physpages
= max_pfn
;
867 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
868 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
869 if (max_pfn
> (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT
)))
870 max_low_pfn
= e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
872 max_low_pfn
= max_pfn
;
874 high_memory
= (void *)__va(max_pfn
* PAGE_SIZE
- 1) + 1;
878 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
882 reserve_ibft_region();
885 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
886 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
893 memblock
.current_limit
= get_max_mapped();
897 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called
898 * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
901 efi_reserve_boot_services();
903 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
904 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
906 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
907 setup_bios_corruption_check();
910 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n",
911 (max_pfn_mapped
<<PAGE_SHIFT
) - 1);
917 /* max_pfn_mapped is updated here */
918 max_low_pfn_mapped
= init_memory_mapping(0, max_low_pfn
<<PAGE_SHIFT
);
919 max_pfn_mapped
= max_low_pfn_mapped
;
922 if (max_pfn
> max_low_pfn
) {
924 unsigned long start
, end
;
925 unsigned long start_pfn
, end_pfn
;
927 for_each_mem_pfn_range(i
, MAX_NUMNODES
, &start_pfn
, &end_pfn
,
930 end
= PFN_PHYS(end_pfn
);
931 if (end
<= (1UL<<32))
934 start
= PFN_PHYS(start_pfn
);
935 max_pfn_mapped
= init_memory_mapping(
936 max((1UL<<32), start
), end
);
939 /* can we preseve max_low_pfn ?*/
940 max_low_pfn
= max_pfn
;
943 memblock
.current_limit
= get_max_mapped();
944 dma_contiguous_reserve(0);
947 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
950 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
951 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early
)
952 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
954 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */
959 reserve_crashkernel();
966 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
968 acpi_boot_table_init();
970 early_acpi_boot_init();
973 memblock_find_dma_reserve();
975 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST
979 x86_init
.paging
.pagetable_init();
981 if (boot_cpu_data
.cpuid_level
>= 0) {
982 /* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */
983 mmu_cr4_features
= read_cr4();
984 if (trampoline_cr4_features
)
985 *trampoline_cr4_features
= mmu_cr4_features
;
989 /* sync back kernel address range */
990 clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table
+ KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY
,
991 swapper_pg_dir
+ KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY
,
1001 generic_apic_probe();
1006 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1013 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1015 if (smp_found_config
)
1018 prefill_possible_map();
1022 init_apic_mappings();
1023 if (x86_io_apic_ops
.init
)
1024 x86_io_apic_ops
.init();
1028 e820_reserve_resources();
1029 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn
);
1031 x86_init
.resources
.reserve_resources();
1036 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1037 if (!efi_enabled
|| (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY
))
1038 conswitchp
= &vga_con
;
1039 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1040 conswitchp
= &dummy_con
;
1043 x86_init
.oem
.banner();
1045 x86_init
.timers
.wallclock_init();
1049 arch_init_ideal_nops();
1051 register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE
);
1054 /* Once setup is done above, disable efi_enabled on mismatched
1055 * firmware/kernel archtectures since there is no support for
1058 if (efi_enabled
&& IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_64
) != efi_64bit
) {
1059 pr_info("efi: Setup done, disabling due to 32/64-bit mismatch\n");
1066 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1068 static struct resource video_ram_resource
= {
1069 .name
= "Video RAM area",
1072 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
1075 void __init
i386_reserve_resources(void)
1077 request_resource(&iomem_resource
, &video_ram_resource
);
1078 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1081 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */