2 * Copyright (c) International Business Machines Corp., 2006
3 * Copyright (c) Nokia Corporation, 2007
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
8 * (at your option) any later version.
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See
13 * the GNU General Public License for more details.
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
17 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
19 * Author: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём),
24 * This file includes UBI initialization and building of UBI devices.
26 * When UBI is initialized, it attaches all the MTD devices specified as the
27 * module load parameters or the kernel boot parameters. If MTD devices were
28 * specified, UBI does not attach any MTD device, but it is possible to do
29 * later using the "UBI control device".
31 * At the moment we only attach UBI devices by scanning, which will become a
32 * bottleneck when flashes reach certain large size. Then one may improve UBI
33 * and add other methods, although it does not seem to be easy to do.
36 #include <linux/err.h>
37 #include <linux/module.h>
38 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
39 #include <linux/stringify.h>
40 #include <linux/stat.h>
41 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
42 #include <linux/log2.h>
43 #include <linux/kthread.h>
46 /* Maximum length of the 'mtd=' parameter */
47 #define MTD_PARAM_LEN_MAX 64
50 * struct mtd_dev_param - MTD device parameter description data structure.
51 * @name: MTD device name or number string
52 * @vid_hdr_offs: VID header offset
54 struct mtd_dev_param
{
55 char name
[MTD_PARAM_LEN_MAX
];
59 /* Numbers of elements set in the @mtd_dev_param array */
62 /* MTD devices specification parameters */
63 static struct mtd_dev_param mtd_dev_param
[UBI_MAX_DEVICES
];
65 /* Root UBI "class" object (corresponds to '/<sysfs>/class/ubi/') */
66 struct class *ubi_class
;
68 /* Slab cache for wear-leveling entries */
69 struct kmem_cache
*ubi_wl_entry_slab
;
71 /* UBI control character device */
72 static struct miscdevice ubi_ctrl_cdev
= {
73 .minor
= MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR
,
75 .fops
= &ubi_ctrl_cdev_operations
,
78 /* All UBI devices in system */
79 static struct ubi_device
*ubi_devices
[UBI_MAX_DEVICES
];
81 /* Serializes UBI devices creations and removals */
82 DEFINE_MUTEX(ubi_devices_mutex
);
84 /* Protects @ubi_devices and @ubi->ref_count */
85 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ubi_devices_lock
);
87 /* "Show" method for files in '/<sysfs>/class/ubi/' */
88 static ssize_t
ubi_version_show(struct class *class, char *buf
)
90 return sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", UBI_VERSION
);
93 /* UBI version attribute ('/<sysfs>/class/ubi/version') */
94 static struct class_attribute ubi_version
=
95 __ATTR(version
, S_IRUGO
, ubi_version_show
, NULL
);
97 static ssize_t
dev_attribute_show(struct device
*dev
,
98 struct device_attribute
*attr
, char *buf
);
100 /* UBI device attributes (correspond to files in '/<sysfs>/class/ubi/ubiX') */
101 static struct device_attribute dev_eraseblock_size
=
102 __ATTR(eraseblock_size
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
103 static struct device_attribute dev_avail_eraseblocks
=
104 __ATTR(avail_eraseblocks
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
105 static struct device_attribute dev_total_eraseblocks
=
106 __ATTR(total_eraseblocks
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
107 static struct device_attribute dev_volumes_count
=
108 __ATTR(volumes_count
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
109 static struct device_attribute dev_max_ec
=
110 __ATTR(max_ec
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
111 static struct device_attribute dev_reserved_for_bad
=
112 __ATTR(reserved_for_bad
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
113 static struct device_attribute dev_bad_peb_count
=
114 __ATTR(bad_peb_count
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
115 static struct device_attribute dev_max_vol_count
=
116 __ATTR(max_vol_count
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
117 static struct device_attribute dev_min_io_size
=
118 __ATTR(min_io_size
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
119 static struct device_attribute dev_bgt_enabled
=
120 __ATTR(bgt_enabled
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
121 static struct device_attribute dev_mtd_num
=
122 __ATTR(mtd_num
, S_IRUGO
, dev_attribute_show
, NULL
);
125 * ubi_get_device - get UBI device.
126 * @ubi_num: UBI device number
128 * This function returns UBI device description object for UBI device number
129 * @ubi_num, or %NULL if the device does not exist. This function increases the
130 * device reference count to prevent removal of the device. In other words, the
131 * device cannot be removed if its reference count is not zero.
133 struct ubi_device
*ubi_get_device(int ubi_num
)
135 struct ubi_device
*ubi
;
137 spin_lock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
138 ubi
= ubi_devices
[ubi_num
];
140 ubi_assert(ubi
->ref_count
>= 0);
142 get_device(&ubi
->dev
);
144 spin_unlock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
150 * ubi_put_device - drop an UBI device reference.
151 * @ubi: UBI device description object
153 void ubi_put_device(struct ubi_device
*ubi
)
155 spin_lock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
157 put_device(&ubi
->dev
);
158 spin_unlock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
162 * ubi_get_by_major - get UBI device by character device major number.
163 * @major: major number
165 * This function is similar to 'ubi_get_device()', but it searches the device
166 * by its major number.
168 struct ubi_device
*ubi_get_by_major(int major
)
171 struct ubi_device
*ubi
;
173 spin_lock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
174 for (i
= 0; i
< UBI_MAX_DEVICES
; i
++) {
175 ubi
= ubi_devices
[i
];
176 if (ubi
&& MAJOR(ubi
->cdev
.dev
) == major
) {
177 ubi_assert(ubi
->ref_count
>= 0);
179 get_device(&ubi
->dev
);
180 spin_unlock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
184 spin_unlock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
190 * ubi_major2num - get UBI device number by character device major number.
191 * @major: major number
193 * This function searches UBI device number object by its major number. If UBI
194 * device was not found, this function returns -ENODEV, otherwise the UBI device
195 * number is returned.
197 int ubi_major2num(int major
)
199 int i
, ubi_num
= -ENODEV
;
201 spin_lock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
202 for (i
= 0; i
< UBI_MAX_DEVICES
; i
++) {
203 struct ubi_device
*ubi
= ubi_devices
[i
];
205 if (ubi
&& MAJOR(ubi
->cdev
.dev
) == major
) {
206 ubi_num
= ubi
->ubi_num
;
210 spin_unlock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
215 /* "Show" method for files in '/<sysfs>/class/ubi/ubiX/' */
216 static ssize_t
dev_attribute_show(struct device
*dev
,
217 struct device_attribute
*attr
, char *buf
)
220 struct ubi_device
*ubi
;
223 * The below code looks weird, but it actually makes sense. We get the
224 * UBI device reference from the contained 'struct ubi_device'. But it
225 * is unclear if the device was removed or not yet. Indeed, if the
226 * device was removed before we increased its reference count,
227 * 'ubi_get_device()' will return -ENODEV and we fail.
229 * Remember, 'struct ubi_device' is freed in the release function, so
230 * we still can use 'ubi->ubi_num'.
232 ubi
= container_of(dev
, struct ubi_device
, dev
);
233 ubi
= ubi_get_device(ubi
->ubi_num
);
237 if (attr
== &dev_eraseblock_size
)
238 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->leb_size
);
239 else if (attr
== &dev_avail_eraseblocks
)
240 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->avail_pebs
);
241 else if (attr
== &dev_total_eraseblocks
)
242 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->good_peb_count
);
243 else if (attr
== &dev_volumes_count
)
244 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->vol_count
- UBI_INT_VOL_COUNT
);
245 else if (attr
== &dev_max_ec
)
246 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->max_ec
);
247 else if (attr
== &dev_reserved_for_bad
)
248 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->beb_rsvd_pebs
);
249 else if (attr
== &dev_bad_peb_count
)
250 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->bad_peb_count
);
251 else if (attr
== &dev_max_vol_count
)
252 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->vtbl_slots
);
253 else if (attr
== &dev_min_io_size
)
254 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->min_io_size
);
255 else if (attr
== &dev_bgt_enabled
)
256 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->thread_enabled
);
257 else if (attr
== &dev_mtd_num
)
258 ret
= sprintf(buf
, "%d\n", ubi
->mtd
->index
);
266 /* Fake "release" method for UBI devices */
267 static void dev_release(struct device
*dev
) { }
270 * ubi_sysfs_init - initialize sysfs for an UBI device.
271 * @ubi: UBI device description object
273 * This function returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in
276 static int ubi_sysfs_init(struct ubi_device
*ubi
)
280 ubi
->dev
.release
= dev_release
;
281 ubi
->dev
.devt
= ubi
->cdev
.dev
;
282 ubi
->dev
.class = ubi_class
;
283 sprintf(&ubi
->dev
.bus_id
[0], UBI_NAME_STR
"%d", ubi
->ubi_num
);
284 err
= device_register(&ubi
->dev
);
288 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_eraseblock_size
);
291 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_avail_eraseblocks
);
294 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_total_eraseblocks
);
297 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_volumes_count
);
300 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_max_ec
);
303 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_reserved_for_bad
);
306 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_bad_peb_count
);
309 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_max_vol_count
);
312 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_min_io_size
);
315 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_bgt_enabled
);
318 err
= device_create_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_mtd_num
);
323 * ubi_sysfs_close - close sysfs for an UBI device.
324 * @ubi: UBI device description object
326 static void ubi_sysfs_close(struct ubi_device
*ubi
)
328 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_mtd_num
);
329 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_bgt_enabled
);
330 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_min_io_size
);
331 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_max_vol_count
);
332 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_bad_peb_count
);
333 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_reserved_for_bad
);
334 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_max_ec
);
335 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_volumes_count
);
336 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_total_eraseblocks
);
337 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_avail_eraseblocks
);
338 device_remove_file(&ubi
->dev
, &dev_eraseblock_size
);
339 device_unregister(&ubi
->dev
);
343 * kill_volumes - destroy all volumes.
344 * @ubi: UBI device description object
346 static void kill_volumes(struct ubi_device
*ubi
)
350 for (i
= 0; i
< ubi
->vtbl_slots
; i
++)
352 ubi_free_volume(ubi
, ubi
->volumes
[i
]);
356 * free_user_volumes - free all user volumes.
357 * @ubi: UBI device description object
359 * Normally the volumes are freed at the release function of the volume device
360 * objects. However, on error paths the volumes have to be freed before the
361 * device objects have been initialized.
363 static void free_user_volumes(struct ubi_device
*ubi
)
367 for (i
= 0; i
< ubi
->vtbl_slots
; i
++)
368 if (ubi
->volumes
[i
]) {
369 kfree(ubi
->volumes
[i
]->eba_tbl
);
370 kfree(ubi
->volumes
[i
]);
375 * uif_init - initialize user interfaces for an UBI device.
376 * @ubi: UBI device description object
378 * This function returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in
379 * case of failure. Note, this function destroys all volumes if it failes.
381 static int uif_init(struct ubi_device
*ubi
)
383 int i
, err
, do_free
= 0;
386 sprintf(ubi
->ubi_name
, UBI_NAME_STR
"%d", ubi
->ubi_num
);
389 * Major numbers for the UBI character devices are allocated
390 * dynamically. Major numbers of volume character devices are
391 * equivalent to ones of the corresponding UBI character device. Minor
392 * numbers of UBI character devices are 0, while minor numbers of
393 * volume character devices start from 1. Thus, we allocate one major
394 * number and ubi->vtbl_slots + 1 minor numbers.
396 err
= alloc_chrdev_region(&dev
, 0, ubi
->vtbl_slots
+ 1, ubi
->ubi_name
);
398 ubi_err("cannot register UBI character devices");
402 ubi_assert(MINOR(dev
) == 0);
403 cdev_init(&ubi
->cdev
, &ubi_cdev_operations
);
404 dbg_gen("%s major is %u", ubi
->ubi_name
, MAJOR(dev
));
405 ubi
->cdev
.owner
= THIS_MODULE
;
407 err
= cdev_add(&ubi
->cdev
, dev
, 1);
409 ubi_err("cannot add character device");
413 err
= ubi_sysfs_init(ubi
);
417 for (i
= 0; i
< ubi
->vtbl_slots
; i
++)
418 if (ubi
->volumes
[i
]) {
419 err
= ubi_add_volume(ubi
, ubi
->volumes
[i
]);
421 ubi_err("cannot add volume %d", i
);
432 ubi_sysfs_close(ubi
);
433 cdev_del(&ubi
->cdev
);
436 free_user_volumes(ubi
);
437 unregister_chrdev_region(ubi
->cdev
.dev
, ubi
->vtbl_slots
+ 1);
438 ubi_err("cannot initialize UBI %s, error %d", ubi
->ubi_name
, err
);
443 * uif_close - close user interfaces for an UBI device.
444 * @ubi: UBI device description object
446 * Note, since this function un-registers UBI volume device objects (@vol->dev),
447 * the memory allocated voe the volumes is freed as well (in the release
450 static void uif_close(struct ubi_device
*ubi
)
453 ubi_sysfs_close(ubi
);
454 cdev_del(&ubi
->cdev
);
455 unregister_chrdev_region(ubi
->cdev
.dev
, ubi
->vtbl_slots
+ 1);
459 * free_internal_volumes - free internal volumes.
460 * @ubi: UBI device description object
462 static void free_internal_volumes(struct ubi_device
*ubi
)
466 for (i
= ubi
->vtbl_slots
;
467 i
< ubi
->vtbl_slots
+ UBI_INT_VOL_COUNT
; i
++) {
468 kfree(ubi
->volumes
[i
]->eba_tbl
);
469 kfree(ubi
->volumes
[i
]);
474 * attach_by_scanning - attach an MTD device using scanning method.
475 * @ubi: UBI device descriptor
477 * This function returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in
480 * Note, currently this is the only method to attach UBI devices. Hopefully in
481 * the future we'll have more scalable attaching methods and avoid full media
482 * scanning. But even in this case scanning will be needed as a fall-back
483 * attaching method if there are some on-flash table corruptions.
485 static int attach_by_scanning(struct ubi_device
*ubi
)
488 struct ubi_scan_info
*si
;
494 ubi
->bad_peb_count
= si
->bad_peb_count
;
495 ubi
->good_peb_count
= ubi
->peb_count
- ubi
->bad_peb_count
;
496 ubi
->max_ec
= si
->max_ec
;
497 ubi
->mean_ec
= si
->mean_ec
;
499 err
= ubi_read_volume_table(ubi
, si
);
503 err
= ubi_wl_init_scan(ubi
, si
);
507 err
= ubi_eba_init_scan(ubi
, si
);
511 ubi_scan_destroy_si(si
);
517 free_internal_volumes(ubi
);
520 ubi_scan_destroy_si(si
);
525 * io_init - initialize I/O sub-system for a given UBI device.
526 * @ubi: UBI device description object
528 * If @ubi->vid_hdr_offset or @ubi->leb_start is zero, default offsets are
530 * o EC header is always at offset zero - this cannot be changed;
531 * o VID header starts just after the EC header at the closest address
532 * aligned to @io->hdrs_min_io_size;
533 * o data starts just after the VID header at the closest address aligned to
536 * This function returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in
539 static int io_init(struct ubi_device
*ubi
)
541 if (ubi
->mtd
->numeraseregions
!= 0) {
543 * Some flashes have several erase regions. Different regions
544 * may have different eraseblock size and other
545 * characteristics. It looks like mostly multi-region flashes
546 * have one "main" region and one or more small regions to
547 * store boot loader code or boot parameters or whatever. I
548 * guess we should just pick the largest region. But this is
551 ubi_err("multiple regions, not implemented");
555 if (ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
< 0)
559 * Note, in this implementation we support MTD devices with 0x7FFFFFFF
560 * physical eraseblocks maximum.
563 ubi
->peb_size
= ubi
->mtd
->erasesize
;
564 ubi
->peb_count
= mtd_div_by_eb(ubi
->mtd
->size
, ubi
->mtd
);
565 ubi
->flash_size
= ubi
->mtd
->size
;
567 if (ubi
->mtd
->block_isbad
&& ubi
->mtd
->block_markbad
)
568 ubi
->bad_allowed
= 1;
570 ubi
->min_io_size
= ubi
->mtd
->writesize
;
571 ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
= ubi
->mtd
->writesize
>> ubi
->mtd
->subpage_sft
;
574 * Make sure minimal I/O unit is power of 2. Note, there is no
575 * fundamental reason for this assumption. It is just an optimization
576 * which allows us to avoid costly division operations.
578 if (!is_power_of_2(ubi
->min_io_size
)) {
579 ubi_err("min. I/O unit (%d) is not power of 2",
584 ubi_assert(ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
> 0);
585 ubi_assert(ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
<= ubi
->min_io_size
);
586 ubi_assert(ubi
->min_io_size
% ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
== 0);
588 /* Calculate default aligned sizes of EC and VID headers */
589 ubi
->ec_hdr_alsize
= ALIGN(UBI_EC_HDR_SIZE
, ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
);
590 ubi
->vid_hdr_alsize
= ALIGN(UBI_VID_HDR_SIZE
, ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
);
592 dbg_msg("min_io_size %d", ubi
->min_io_size
);
593 dbg_msg("hdrs_min_io_size %d", ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
);
594 dbg_msg("ec_hdr_alsize %d", ubi
->ec_hdr_alsize
);
595 dbg_msg("vid_hdr_alsize %d", ubi
->vid_hdr_alsize
);
597 if (ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
== 0)
599 ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
= ubi
->vid_hdr_aloffset
=
602 ubi
->vid_hdr_aloffset
= ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
&
603 ~(ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
- 1);
604 ubi
->vid_hdr_shift
= ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
-
605 ubi
->vid_hdr_aloffset
;
608 /* Similar for the data offset */
609 ubi
->leb_start
= ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
+ UBI_EC_HDR_SIZE
;
610 ubi
->leb_start
= ALIGN(ubi
->leb_start
, ubi
->min_io_size
);
612 dbg_msg("vid_hdr_offset %d", ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
);
613 dbg_msg("vid_hdr_aloffset %d", ubi
->vid_hdr_aloffset
);
614 dbg_msg("vid_hdr_shift %d", ubi
->vid_hdr_shift
);
615 dbg_msg("leb_start %d", ubi
->leb_start
);
617 /* The shift must be aligned to 32-bit boundary */
618 if (ubi
->vid_hdr_shift
% 4) {
619 ubi_err("unaligned VID header shift %d",
625 if (ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
< UBI_EC_HDR_SIZE
||
626 ubi
->leb_start
< ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
+ UBI_VID_HDR_SIZE
||
627 ubi
->leb_start
> ubi
->peb_size
- UBI_VID_HDR_SIZE
||
628 ubi
->leb_start
& (ubi
->min_io_size
- 1)) {
629 ubi_err("bad VID header (%d) or data offsets (%d)",
630 ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
, ubi
->leb_start
);
635 * It may happen that EC and VID headers are situated in one minimal
636 * I/O unit. In this case we can only accept this UBI image in
639 if (ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
+ UBI_VID_HDR_SIZE
<= ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
) {
640 ubi_warn("EC and VID headers are in the same minimal I/O unit, "
641 "switch to read-only mode");
645 ubi
->leb_size
= ubi
->peb_size
- ubi
->leb_start
;
647 if (!(ubi
->mtd
->flags
& MTD_WRITEABLE
)) {
648 ubi_msg("MTD device %d is write-protected, attach in "
649 "read-only mode", ubi
->mtd
->index
);
653 ubi_msg("physical eraseblock size: %d bytes (%d KiB)",
654 ubi
->peb_size
, ubi
->peb_size
>> 10);
655 ubi_msg("logical eraseblock size: %d bytes", ubi
->leb_size
);
656 ubi_msg("smallest flash I/O unit: %d", ubi
->min_io_size
);
657 if (ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
!= ubi
->min_io_size
)
658 ubi_msg("sub-page size: %d",
659 ubi
->hdrs_min_io_size
);
660 ubi_msg("VID header offset: %d (aligned %d)",
661 ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
, ubi
->vid_hdr_aloffset
);
662 ubi_msg("data offset: %d", ubi
->leb_start
);
665 * Note, ideally, we have to initialize ubi->bad_peb_count here. But
666 * unfortunately, MTD does not provide this information. We should loop
667 * over all physical eraseblocks and invoke mtd->block_is_bad() for
668 * each physical eraseblock. So, we skip ubi->bad_peb_count
669 * uninitialized and initialize it after scanning.
676 * autoresize - re-size the volume which has the "auto-resize" flag set.
677 * @ubi: UBI device description object
678 * @vol_id: ID of the volume to re-size
680 * This function re-sizes the volume marked by the @UBI_VTBL_AUTORESIZE_FLG in
681 * the volume table to the largest possible size. See comments in ubi-header.h
682 * for more description of the flag. Returns zero in case of success and a
683 * negative error code in case of failure.
685 static int autoresize(struct ubi_device
*ubi
, int vol_id
)
687 struct ubi_volume_desc desc
;
688 struct ubi_volume
*vol
= ubi
->volumes
[vol_id
];
689 int err
, old_reserved_pebs
= vol
->reserved_pebs
;
692 * Clear the auto-resize flag in the volume in-memory copy of the
693 * volume table, and 'ubi_resize_volume()' will propagate this change
696 ubi
->vtbl
[vol_id
].flags
&= ~UBI_VTBL_AUTORESIZE_FLG
;
698 if (ubi
->avail_pebs
== 0) {
699 struct ubi_vtbl_record vtbl_rec
;
702 * No available PEBs to re-size the volume, clear the flag on
705 memcpy(&vtbl_rec
, &ubi
->vtbl
[vol_id
],
706 sizeof(struct ubi_vtbl_record
));
707 err
= ubi_change_vtbl_record(ubi
, vol_id
, &vtbl_rec
);
709 ubi_err("cannot clean auto-resize flag for volume %d",
713 err
= ubi_resize_volume(&desc
,
714 old_reserved_pebs
+ ubi
->avail_pebs
);
716 ubi_err("cannot auto-resize volume %d", vol_id
);
722 ubi_msg("volume %d (\"%s\") re-sized from %d to %d LEBs", vol_id
,
723 vol
->name
, old_reserved_pebs
, vol
->reserved_pebs
);
728 * ubi_attach_mtd_dev - attach an MTD device.
729 * @mtd: MTD device description object
730 * @ubi_num: number to assign to the new UBI device
731 * @vid_hdr_offset: VID header offset
733 * This function attaches MTD device @mtd_dev to UBI and assign @ubi_num number
734 * to the newly created UBI device, unless @ubi_num is %UBI_DEV_NUM_AUTO, in
735 * which case this function finds a vacant device number and assigns it
736 * automatically. Returns the new UBI device number in case of success and a
737 * negative error code in case of failure.
739 * Note, the invocations of this function has to be serialized by the
740 * @ubi_devices_mutex.
742 int ubi_attach_mtd_dev(struct mtd_info
*mtd
, int ubi_num
, int vid_hdr_offset
)
744 struct ubi_device
*ubi
;
745 int i
, err
, do_free
= 1;
748 * Check if we already have the same MTD device attached.
750 * Note, this function assumes that UBI devices creations and deletions
751 * are serialized, so it does not take the &ubi_devices_lock.
753 for (i
= 0; i
< UBI_MAX_DEVICES
; i
++) {
754 ubi
= ubi_devices
[i
];
755 if (ubi
&& mtd
->index
== ubi
->mtd
->index
) {
756 dbg_err("mtd%d is already attached to ubi%d",
763 * Make sure this MTD device is not emulated on top of an UBI volume
764 * already. Well, generally this recursion works fine, but there are
765 * different problems like the UBI module takes a reference to itself
766 * by attaching (and thus, opening) the emulated MTD device. This
767 * results in inability to unload the module. And in general it makes
768 * no sense to attach emulated MTD devices, so we prohibit this.
770 if (mtd
->type
== MTD_UBIVOLUME
) {
771 ubi_err("refuse attaching mtd%d - it is already emulated on "
772 "top of UBI", mtd
->index
);
776 if (ubi_num
== UBI_DEV_NUM_AUTO
) {
777 /* Search for an empty slot in the @ubi_devices array */
778 for (ubi_num
= 0; ubi_num
< UBI_MAX_DEVICES
; ubi_num
++)
779 if (!ubi_devices
[ubi_num
])
781 if (ubi_num
== UBI_MAX_DEVICES
) {
782 dbg_err("only %d UBI devices may be created",
787 if (ubi_num
>= UBI_MAX_DEVICES
)
790 /* Make sure ubi_num is not busy */
791 if (ubi_devices
[ubi_num
]) {
792 dbg_err("ubi%d already exists", ubi_num
);
797 ubi
= kzalloc(sizeof(struct ubi_device
), GFP_KERNEL
);
802 ubi
->ubi_num
= ubi_num
;
803 ubi
->vid_hdr_offset
= vid_hdr_offset
;
804 ubi
->autoresize_vol_id
= -1;
806 mutex_init(&ubi
->buf_mutex
);
807 mutex_init(&ubi
->ckvol_mutex
);
808 mutex_init(&ubi
->mult_mutex
);
809 mutex_init(&ubi
->volumes_mutex
);
810 spin_lock_init(&ubi
->volumes_lock
);
812 ubi_msg("attaching mtd%d to ubi%d", mtd
->index
, ubi_num
);
818 ubi
->peb_buf1
= vmalloc(ubi
->peb_size
);
822 ubi
->peb_buf2
= vmalloc(ubi
->peb_size
);
826 #ifdef CONFIG_MTD_UBI_DEBUG
827 mutex_init(&ubi
->dbg_buf_mutex
);
828 ubi
->dbg_peb_buf
= vmalloc(ubi
->peb_size
);
829 if (!ubi
->dbg_peb_buf
)
833 err
= attach_by_scanning(ubi
);
835 dbg_err("failed to attach by scanning, error %d", err
);
839 if (ubi
->autoresize_vol_id
!= -1) {
840 err
= autoresize(ubi
, ubi
->autoresize_vol_id
);
849 ubi
->bgt_thread
= kthread_create(ubi_thread
, ubi
, ubi
->bgt_name
);
850 if (IS_ERR(ubi
->bgt_thread
)) {
851 err
= PTR_ERR(ubi
->bgt_thread
);
852 ubi_err("cannot spawn \"%s\", error %d", ubi
->bgt_name
,
857 ubi_msg("attached mtd%d to ubi%d", mtd
->index
, ubi_num
);
858 ubi_msg("MTD device name: \"%s\"", mtd
->name
);
859 ubi_msg("MTD device size: %llu MiB", ubi
->flash_size
>> 20);
860 ubi_msg("number of good PEBs: %d", ubi
->good_peb_count
);
861 ubi_msg("number of bad PEBs: %d", ubi
->bad_peb_count
);
862 ubi_msg("max. allowed volumes: %d", ubi
->vtbl_slots
);
863 ubi_msg("wear-leveling threshold: %d", CONFIG_MTD_UBI_WL_THRESHOLD
);
864 ubi_msg("number of internal volumes: %d", UBI_INT_VOL_COUNT
);
865 ubi_msg("number of user volumes: %d",
866 ubi
->vol_count
- UBI_INT_VOL_COUNT
);
867 ubi_msg("available PEBs: %d", ubi
->avail_pebs
);
868 ubi_msg("total number of reserved PEBs: %d", ubi
->rsvd_pebs
);
869 ubi_msg("number of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: %d",
871 ubi_msg("max/mean erase counter: %d/%d", ubi
->max_ec
, ubi
->mean_ec
);
873 if (!DBG_DISABLE_BGT
)
874 ubi
->thread_enabled
= 1;
875 wake_up_process(ubi
->bgt_thread
);
877 ubi_devices
[ubi_num
] = ubi
;
887 free_user_volumes(ubi
);
888 free_internal_volumes(ubi
);
891 vfree(ubi
->peb_buf1
);
892 vfree(ubi
->peb_buf2
);
893 #ifdef CONFIG_MTD_UBI_DEBUG
894 vfree(ubi
->dbg_peb_buf
);
901 * ubi_detach_mtd_dev - detach an MTD device.
902 * @ubi_num: UBI device number to detach from
903 * @anyway: detach MTD even if device reference count is not zero
905 * This function destroys an UBI device number @ubi_num and detaches the
906 * underlying MTD device. Returns zero in case of success and %-EBUSY if the
907 * UBI device is busy and cannot be destroyed, and %-EINVAL if it does not
910 * Note, the invocations of this function has to be serialized by the
911 * @ubi_devices_mutex.
913 int ubi_detach_mtd_dev(int ubi_num
, int anyway
)
915 struct ubi_device
*ubi
;
917 if (ubi_num
< 0 || ubi_num
>= UBI_MAX_DEVICES
)
920 spin_lock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
921 ubi
= ubi_devices
[ubi_num
];
923 spin_unlock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
927 if (ubi
->ref_count
) {
929 spin_unlock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
932 /* This may only happen if there is a bug */
933 ubi_err("%s reference count %d, destroy anyway",
934 ubi
->ubi_name
, ubi
->ref_count
);
936 ubi_devices
[ubi_num
] = NULL
;
937 spin_unlock(&ubi_devices_lock
);
939 ubi_assert(ubi_num
== ubi
->ubi_num
);
940 dbg_msg("detaching mtd%d from ubi%d", ubi
->mtd
->index
, ubi_num
);
943 * Before freeing anything, we have to stop the background thread to
944 * prevent it from doing anything on this device while we are freeing.
947 kthread_stop(ubi
->bgt_thread
);
951 free_internal_volumes(ubi
);
953 put_mtd_device(ubi
->mtd
);
954 vfree(ubi
->peb_buf1
);
955 vfree(ubi
->peb_buf2
);
956 #ifdef CONFIG_MTD_UBI_DEBUG
957 vfree(ubi
->dbg_peb_buf
);
959 ubi_msg("mtd%d is detached from ubi%d", ubi
->mtd
->index
, ubi
->ubi_num
);
965 * find_mtd_device - open an MTD device by its name or number.
966 * @mtd_dev: name or number of the device
968 * This function tries to open and MTD device described by @mtd_dev string,
969 * which is first treated as an ASCII number, and if it is not true, it is
970 * treated as MTD device name. Returns MTD device description object in case of
971 * success and a negative error code in case of failure.
973 static struct mtd_info
* __init
open_mtd_device(const char *mtd_dev
)
975 struct mtd_info
*mtd
;
979 mtd_num
= simple_strtoul(mtd_dev
, &endp
, 0);
980 if (*endp
!= '\0' || mtd_dev
== endp
) {
982 * This does not look like an ASCII integer, probably this is
985 mtd
= get_mtd_device_nm(mtd_dev
);
987 mtd
= get_mtd_device(NULL
, mtd_num
);
992 static int __init
ubi_init(void)
996 /* Ensure that EC and VID headers have correct size */
997 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct ubi_ec_hdr
) != 64);
998 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct ubi_vid_hdr
) != 64);
1000 if (mtd_devs
> UBI_MAX_DEVICES
) {
1001 ubi_err("too many MTD devices, maximum is %d", UBI_MAX_DEVICES
);
1005 /* Create base sysfs directory and sysfs files */
1006 ubi_class
= class_create(THIS_MODULE
, UBI_NAME_STR
);
1007 if (IS_ERR(ubi_class
)) {
1008 err
= PTR_ERR(ubi_class
);
1009 ubi_err("cannot create UBI class");
1013 err
= class_create_file(ubi_class
, &ubi_version
);
1015 ubi_err("cannot create sysfs file");
1019 err
= misc_register(&ubi_ctrl_cdev
);
1021 ubi_err("cannot register device");
1025 ubi_wl_entry_slab
= kmem_cache_create("ubi_wl_entry_slab",
1026 sizeof(struct ubi_wl_entry
),
1028 if (!ubi_wl_entry_slab
)
1031 /* Attach MTD devices */
1032 for (i
= 0; i
< mtd_devs
; i
++) {
1033 struct mtd_dev_param
*p
= &mtd_dev_param
[i
];
1034 struct mtd_info
*mtd
;
1038 mtd
= open_mtd_device(p
->name
);
1044 mutex_lock(&ubi_devices_mutex
);
1045 err
= ubi_attach_mtd_dev(mtd
, UBI_DEV_NUM_AUTO
,
1047 mutex_unlock(&ubi_devices_mutex
);
1049 put_mtd_device(mtd
);
1050 ubi_err("cannot attach mtd%d", mtd
->index
);
1058 for (k
= 0; k
< i
; k
++)
1059 if (ubi_devices
[k
]) {
1060 mutex_lock(&ubi_devices_mutex
);
1061 ubi_detach_mtd_dev(ubi_devices
[k
]->ubi_num
, 1);
1062 mutex_unlock(&ubi_devices_mutex
);
1064 kmem_cache_destroy(ubi_wl_entry_slab
);
1066 misc_deregister(&ubi_ctrl_cdev
);
1068 class_remove_file(ubi_class
, &ubi_version
);
1070 class_destroy(ubi_class
);
1072 ubi_err("UBI error: cannot initialize UBI, error %d", err
);
1075 module_init(ubi_init
);
1077 static void __exit
ubi_exit(void)
1081 for (i
= 0; i
< UBI_MAX_DEVICES
; i
++)
1082 if (ubi_devices
[i
]) {
1083 mutex_lock(&ubi_devices_mutex
);
1084 ubi_detach_mtd_dev(ubi_devices
[i
]->ubi_num
, 1);
1085 mutex_unlock(&ubi_devices_mutex
);
1087 kmem_cache_destroy(ubi_wl_entry_slab
);
1088 misc_deregister(&ubi_ctrl_cdev
);
1089 class_remove_file(ubi_class
, &ubi_version
);
1090 class_destroy(ubi_class
);
1092 module_exit(ubi_exit
);
1095 * bytes_str_to_int - convert a number of bytes string into an integer.
1096 * @str: the string to convert
1098 * This function returns positive resulting integer in case of success and a
1099 * negative error code in case of failure.
1101 static int __init
bytes_str_to_int(const char *str
)
1104 unsigned long result
;
1106 result
= simple_strtoul(str
, &endp
, 0);
1107 if (str
== endp
|| result
< 0) {
1108 printk(KERN_ERR
"UBI error: incorrect bytes count: \"%s\"\n",
1120 if (endp
[1] == 'i' && endp
[2] == 'B')
1125 printk(KERN_ERR
"UBI error: incorrect bytes count: \"%s\"\n",
1134 * ubi_mtd_param_parse - parse the 'mtd=' UBI parameter.
1135 * @val: the parameter value to parse
1138 * This function returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in
1141 static int __init
ubi_mtd_param_parse(const char *val
, struct kernel_param
*kp
)
1144 struct mtd_dev_param
*p
;
1145 char buf
[MTD_PARAM_LEN_MAX
];
1146 char *pbuf
= &buf
[0];
1147 char *tokens
[2] = {NULL
, NULL
};
1152 if (mtd_devs
== UBI_MAX_DEVICES
) {
1153 printk(KERN_ERR
"UBI error: too many parameters, max. is %d\n",
1158 len
= strnlen(val
, MTD_PARAM_LEN_MAX
);
1159 if (len
== MTD_PARAM_LEN_MAX
) {
1160 printk(KERN_ERR
"UBI error: parameter \"%s\" is too long, "
1161 "max. is %d\n", val
, MTD_PARAM_LEN_MAX
);
1166 printk(KERN_WARNING
"UBI warning: empty 'mtd=' parameter - "
1173 /* Get rid of the final newline */
1174 if (buf
[len
- 1] == '\n')
1175 buf
[len
- 1] = '\0';
1177 for (i
= 0; i
< 2; i
++)
1178 tokens
[i
] = strsep(&pbuf
, ",");
1181 printk(KERN_ERR
"UBI error: too many arguments at \"%s\"\n",
1186 p
= &mtd_dev_param
[mtd_devs
];
1187 strcpy(&p
->name
[0], tokens
[0]);
1190 p
->vid_hdr_offs
= bytes_str_to_int(tokens
[1]);
1192 if (p
->vid_hdr_offs
< 0)
1193 return p
->vid_hdr_offs
;
1199 module_param_call(mtd
, ubi_mtd_param_parse
, NULL
, NULL
, 000);
1200 MODULE_PARM_DESC(mtd
, "MTD devices to attach. Parameter format: "
1201 "mtd=<name|num>[,<vid_hdr_offs>].\n"
1202 "Multiple \"mtd\" parameters may be specified.\n"
1203 "MTD devices may be specified by their number or name.\n"
1204 "Optional \"vid_hdr_offs\" parameter specifies UBI VID "
1205 "header position and data starting position to be used "
1207 "Example: mtd=content,1984 mtd=4 - attach MTD device"
1208 "with name \"content\" using VID header offset 1984, and "
1209 "MTD device number 4 with default VID header offset.");
1211 MODULE_VERSION(__stringify(UBI_VERSION
));
1212 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("UBI - Unsorted Block Images");
1213 MODULE_AUTHOR("Artem Bityutskiy");
1214 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");