* as.h (strdup): Don't declare.
[deliverable/binutils-gdb.git] / gas / as.c
1 /* as.c - GAS main program.
2 Copyright (C) 1987, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 1996
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4
5 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
6
7 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
10 any later version.
11
12 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
16
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
19 the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
20
21 /*
22 * Main program for AS; a 32-bit assembler of GNU.
23 * Understands command arguments.
24 * Has a few routines that don't fit in other modules because they
25 * are shared.
26 *
27 *
28 * bugs
29 *
30 * : initialisers
31 * Since no-one else says they will support them in future: I
32 * don't support them now.
33 *
34 */
35
36 #include "ansidecl.h"
37 #include "libiberty.h"
38
39 #define COMMON
40
41 #include "as.h"
42 #include "subsegs.h"
43 #include "output-file.h"
44 #include "sb.h"
45 #include "macro.h"
46
47 static void perform_an_assembly_pass PARAMS ((int argc, char **argv));
48 static int macro_expr PARAMS ((const char *, int, sb *, int *));
49
50 int listing; /* true if a listing is wanted */
51
52 static char *listing_filename = NULL; /* Name of listing file. */
53
54 /* Maximum level of macro nesting. */
55
56 int max_macro_nest = 100;
57
58 char *myname; /* argv[0] */
59 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
60 segT reg_section, expr_section;
61 segT text_section, data_section, bss_section;
62 #endif
63
64 int chunksize = 5000;
65
66 /* To monitor memory allocation more effectively, make this non-zero.
67 Then the chunk sizes for gas and bfd will be reduced. */
68 int debug_memory = 0;
69
70 \f
71 void
72 print_version_id ()
73 {
74 static int printed;
75 if (printed)
76 return;
77 printed = 1;
78
79 fprintf (stderr, "GNU assembler version %s (%s)", GAS_VERSION, TARGET_ALIAS);
80 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
81 fprintf (stderr, ", using BFD version %s", BFD_VERSION);
82 #endif
83 fprintf (stderr, "\n");
84 }
85
86 void
87 show_usage (stream)
88 FILE *stream;
89 {
90 fprintf (stream, "Usage: %s [option...] [asmfile...]\n", myname);
91
92 fprintf (stream, "\
93 Options:\n\
94 -a[sub-option...] turn on listings\n\
95 Sub-options [default hls]:\n\
96 d omit debugging directives\n\
97 h include high-level source\n\
98 l include assembly\n\
99 n omit forms processing\n\
100 s include symbols\n\
101 =file set listing file name (must be last sub-option)\n");
102 fprintf (stream, "\
103 -D produce assembler debugging messages\n\
104 --defsym SYM=VAL define symbol SYM to given value\n\
105 -f skip whitespace and comment preprocessing\n\
106 --help show this message and exit\n\
107 -I DIR add DIR to search list for .include directives\n\
108 -J don't warn about signed overflow\n\
109 -K warn when differences altered for long displacements\n\
110 -L keep local symbols (starting with `L')\n");
111 fprintf (stream, "\
112 -M,--mri assemble in MRI compatibility mode\n\
113 -nocpp ignored\n\
114 -o OBJFILE name the object-file output OBJFILE (default a.out)\n\
115 -R fold data section into text section\n\
116 --statistics print various measured statistics from execution\n\
117 --version print assembler version number and exit\n\
118 -W suppress warnings\n\
119 -w ignored\n\
120 -X ignored\n\
121 -Z generate object file even after errors\n");
122
123 md_show_usage (stream);
124 }
125
126 #ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
127 #define EMULATION_ENVIRON "AS_EMULATION"
128
129 extern struct emulation mipsbelf, mipslelf, mipself;
130 extern struct emulation mipsbecoff, mipslecoff, mipsecoff;
131
132 static const char *emulation_name;
133 static struct emulation *const emulations[] = { EMULATIONS };
134 static const int n_emulations = sizeof (emulations) / sizeof (emulations[0]);
135
136 static void
137 select_emulation_mode (argc, argv)
138 int argc;
139 char **argv;
140 {
141 int i;
142 char *p, *em = 0;
143
144 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
145 if (!strncmp ("--em", argv[i], 4))
146 break;
147
148 if (i == argc)
149 goto do_default;
150
151 p = strchr (argv[i], '=');
152 if (p)
153 p++;
154 else
155 p = argv[i+1];
156
157 if (!p || !*p)
158 as_fatal ("missing emulation mode name");
159 em = p;
160
161 do_default:
162 if (em == 0)
163 em = getenv (EMULATION_ENVIRON);
164 if (em == 0)
165 em = DEFAULT_EMULATION;
166
167 if (em)
168 {
169 for (i = 0; i < n_emulations; i++)
170 if (!strcmp (emulations[i]->name, em))
171 break;
172 if (i == n_emulations)
173 as_fatal ("unrecognized emulation name `%s'", em);
174 this_emulation = emulations[i];
175 }
176 else
177 this_emulation = emulations[0];
178
179 this_emulation->init ();
180 }
181
182 const char *
183 default_emul_bfd_name ()
184 {
185 abort ();
186 }
187
188 void
189 common_emul_init ()
190 {
191 this_format = this_emulation->format;
192
193 if (this_emulation->leading_underscore == 2)
194 this_emulation->leading_underscore = this_format->dfl_leading_underscore;
195
196 if (this_emulation->default_endian != 2)
197 target_big_endian = this_emulation->default_endian;
198
199 if (this_emulation->fake_label_name == 0)
200 {
201 if (this_emulation->leading_underscore)
202 this_emulation->fake_label_name = "L0\001";
203 else
204 /* What other parameters should we test? */
205 this_emulation->fake_label_name = ".L0\001";
206 }
207 }
208 #endif
209
210 /*
211 * Since it is easy to do here we interpret the special arg "-"
212 * to mean "use stdin" and we set that argv[] pointing to "".
213 * After we have munged argv[], the only things left are source file
214 * name(s) and ""(s) denoting stdin. These file names are used
215 * (perhaps more than once) later.
216 *
217 * check for new machine-dep cmdline options in
218 * md_parse_option definitions in config/tc-*.c
219 */
220
221 void
222 parse_args (pargc, pargv)
223 int *pargc;
224 char ***pargv;
225 {
226 int old_argc, new_argc;
227 char **old_argv, **new_argv;
228
229 /* Starting the short option string with '-' is for programs that
230 expect options and other ARGV-elements in any order and that care about
231 the ordering of the two. We describe each non-option ARGV-element
232 as if it were the argument of an option with character code 1. */
233
234 char *shortopts;
235 extern CONST char *md_shortopts;
236 static const char std_shortopts[] =
237 {
238 '-', 'J',
239 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
240 /* -K is not meaningful if .word is not being hacked. */
241 'K',
242 #endif
243 'L', 'M', 'R', 'W', 'Z', 'f', 'a', ':', ':', 'D', 'I', ':', 'o', ':',
244 #ifndef VMS
245 /* -v takes an argument on VMS, so we don't make it a generic
246 option. */
247 'v',
248 #endif
249 'w', 'X',
250 '\0'
251 };
252 struct option *longopts;
253 extern struct option md_longopts[];
254 extern size_t md_longopts_size;
255 static const struct option std_longopts[] = {
256 #define OPTION_HELP (OPTION_STD_BASE)
257 {"help", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_HELP},
258 {"mri", no_argument, NULL, 'M'},
259 #define OPTION_NOCPP (OPTION_STD_BASE + 1)
260 {"nocpp", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NOCPP},
261 #define OPTION_STATISTICS (OPTION_STD_BASE + 2)
262 {"statistics", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_STATISTICS},
263 #define OPTION_VERSION (OPTION_STD_BASE + 3)
264 {"version", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_VERSION},
265 #define OPTION_DUMPCONFIG (OPTION_STD_BASE + 4)
266 {"dump-config", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_DUMPCONFIG},
267 #define OPTION_VERBOSE (OPTION_STD_BASE + 5)
268 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_VERBOSE},
269 #define OPTION_EMULATION (OPTION_STD_BASE + 6)
270 {"emulation", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_EMULATION},
271 #define OPTION_DEFSYM (OPTION_STD_BASE + 7)
272 {"defsym", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_DEFSYM}
273 };
274
275 /* Construct the option lists from the standard list and the
276 target dependent list. */
277 shortopts = concat (std_shortopts, md_shortopts, (char *) NULL);
278 longopts = (struct option *) xmalloc (sizeof (std_longopts) + md_longopts_size);
279 memcpy (longopts, std_longopts, sizeof (std_longopts));
280 memcpy ((char *) longopts + sizeof (std_longopts),
281 md_longopts, md_longopts_size);
282
283 /* Make a local copy of the old argv. */
284 old_argc = *pargc;
285 old_argv = *pargv;
286
287 /* Initialize a new argv that contains no options. */
288 new_argv = (char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *) * (old_argc + 1));
289 new_argv[0] = old_argv[0];
290 new_argc = 1;
291 new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
292
293 while (1)
294 {
295 /* getopt_long_only is like getopt_long, but '-' as well as '--' can
296 indicate a long option. */
297 int longind;
298 int optc = getopt_long_only (old_argc, old_argv, shortopts, longopts,
299 &longind);
300
301 if (optc == -1)
302 break;
303
304 switch (optc)
305 {
306 default:
307 /* md_parse_option should return 1 if it recognizes optc,
308 0 if not. */
309 if (md_parse_option (optc, optarg) != 0)
310 break;
311 /* `-v' isn't included in the general short_opts list, so check for
312 it explicity here before deciding we've gotten a bad argument. */
313 if (optc == 'v')
314 {
315 #ifdef VMS
316 /* Telling getopt to treat -v's value as optional can result
317 in it picking up a following filename argument here. The
318 VMS code in md_parse_option can return 0 in that case,
319 but it has no way of pushing the filename argument back. */
320 if (optarg && *optarg)
321 new_argv[new_argc++] = optarg, new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
322 else
323 #else
324 case 'v':
325 #endif
326 case OPTION_VERBOSE:
327 print_version_id ();
328 break;
329 }
330 /*FALLTHRU*/
331
332 case '?':
333 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
334
335 case 1: /* File name. */
336 if (!strcmp (optarg, "-"))
337 optarg = "";
338 new_argv[new_argc++] = optarg;
339 new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
340 break;
341
342 case OPTION_HELP:
343 show_usage (stdout);
344 exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
345
346 case OPTION_NOCPP:
347 break;
348
349 case OPTION_STATISTICS:
350 flag_print_statistics = 1;
351 break;
352
353 case OPTION_VERSION:
354 print_version_id ();
355 exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
356
357 case OPTION_EMULATION:
358 #ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
359 if (strcmp (optarg, this_emulation->name))
360 as_fatal ("multiple emulation names specified");
361 #else
362 as_fatal ("emulations not handled in this configuration");
363 #endif
364 break;
365
366 case OPTION_DUMPCONFIG:
367 fprintf (stderr, "alias = %s\n", TARGET_ALIAS);
368 fprintf (stderr, "canonical = %s\n", TARGET_CANONICAL);
369 fprintf (stderr, "cpu-type = %s\n", TARGET_CPU);
370 #ifdef TARGET_OBJ_FORMAT
371 fprintf (stderr, "format = %s\n", TARGET_OBJ_FORMAT);
372 #endif
373 #ifdef TARGET_FORMAT
374 fprintf (stderr, "bfd-target = %s\n", TARGET_FORMAT);
375 #endif
376 exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
377
378 case OPTION_DEFSYM:
379 {
380 char *s;
381 long i;
382 symbolS *sym;
383
384 for (s = optarg; *s != '\0' && *s != '='; s++)
385 ;
386 if (*s == '\0')
387 as_fatal ("bad defsym; format is --defsym name=value");
388 *s++ = '\0';
389 i = strtol (s, (char **) NULL, 0);
390 sym = symbol_new (optarg, absolute_section, (valueT) i,
391 &zero_address_frag);
392 symbol_table_insert (sym);
393 }
394 break;
395
396 case 'J':
397 flag_signed_overflow_ok = 1;
398 break;
399
400 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
401 case 'K':
402 flag_warn_displacement = 1;
403 break;
404 #endif
405
406 case 'L':
407 flag_keep_locals = 1;
408 break;
409
410 case 'M':
411 flag_mri = 1;
412 #ifdef TC_M68K
413 flag_m68k_mri = 1;
414 #endif
415 break;
416
417 case 'R':
418 flag_readonly_data_in_text = 1;
419 break;
420
421 case 'W':
422 flag_no_warnings = 1;
423 break;
424
425 case 'Z':
426 flag_always_generate_output = 1;
427 break;
428
429 case 'a':
430 if (optarg)
431 {
432 while (*optarg)
433 {
434 switch (*optarg)
435 {
436 case 'd':
437 listing |= LISTING_NODEBUG;
438 break;
439 case 'h':
440 listing |= LISTING_HLL;
441 break;
442 case 'l':
443 listing |= LISTING_LISTING;
444 break;
445 case 'n':
446 listing |= LISTING_NOFORM;
447 break;
448 case 's':
449 listing |= LISTING_SYMBOLS;
450 break;
451 case '=':
452 listing_filename = xstrdup (optarg + 1);
453 optarg += strlen (listing_filename);
454 break;
455 default:
456 as_fatal ("invalid listing option `%c'", *optarg);
457 break;
458 }
459 optarg++;
460 }
461 }
462 if (!listing)
463 listing = LISTING_DEFAULT;
464 break;
465
466 case 'D':
467 /* DEBUG is implemented: it debugs different */
468 /* things from other people's assemblers. */
469 flag_debug = 1;
470 break;
471
472 case 'f':
473 flag_no_comments = 1;
474 break;
475
476 case 'I':
477 { /* Include file directory */
478 char *temp = xstrdup (optarg);
479 add_include_dir (temp);
480 break;
481 }
482
483 case 'o':
484 out_file_name = xstrdup (optarg);
485 break;
486
487 case 'w':
488 break;
489
490 case 'X':
491 /* -X means treat warnings as errors */
492 break;
493 }
494 }
495
496 free (shortopts);
497 free (longopts);
498
499 *pargc = new_argc;
500 *pargv = new_argv;
501 }
502
503 static void dump_statistics ();
504 static long start_time;
505
506 int
507 main (argc, argv)
508 int argc;
509 char **argv;
510 {
511 int macro_alternate;
512 int macro_strip_at;
513 int keep_it;
514
515 start_time = get_run_time ();
516
517 if (debug_memory)
518 {
519 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
520 extern long _bfd_chunksize;
521 _bfd_chunksize = 64;
522 #endif
523 chunksize = 64;
524 }
525
526 #ifdef HOST_SPECIAL_INIT
527 HOST_SPECIAL_INIT (argc, argv);
528 #endif
529
530 myname = argv[0];
531 xmalloc_set_program_name (myname);
532
533 START_PROGRESS (myname, 0);
534
535 #ifndef OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME
536 #define OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME "a.out"
537 #endif
538
539 out_file_name = OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME;
540
541 hex_init ();
542 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
543 bfd_init ();
544 #endif
545
546 #ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
547 select_emulation_mode (argc, argv);
548 #endif
549
550 PROGRESS (1);
551 symbol_begin ();
552 frag_init ();
553 subsegs_begin ();
554 parse_args (&argc, &argv);
555 read_begin ();
556 input_scrub_begin ();
557 expr_begin ();
558
559 if (flag_print_statistics)
560 xatexit (dump_statistics);
561
562 macro_alternate = 0;
563 macro_strip_at = 0;
564 #ifdef TC_I960
565 macro_strip_at = flag_mri;
566 #endif
567 #ifdef TC_A29K
568 /* For compatibility with the AMD 29K family macro assembler
569 specification. */
570 macro_alternate = 1;
571 macro_strip_at = 1;
572 #endif
573
574 macro_init (macro_alternate, flag_mri, macro_strip_at, macro_expr);
575
576 PROGRESS (1);
577
578 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
579 output_file_create (out_file_name);
580 assert (stdoutput != 0);
581 #endif
582
583 #ifdef tc_init_after_args
584 tc_init_after_args ();
585 #endif
586
587 PROGRESS (1);
588
589 perform_an_assembly_pass (argc, argv); /* Assemble it. */
590
591 #ifdef md_end
592 md_end ();
593 #endif
594
595 if (seen_at_least_1_file ()
596 && !((had_warnings () && flag_always_generate_output)
597 || had_errors () > 0))
598 keep_it = 1;
599 else
600 keep_it = 0;
601
602 if (keep_it)
603 write_object_file ();
604
605 #ifndef NO_LISTING
606 listing_print (listing_filename);
607 #endif
608
609 #ifndef OBJ_VMS /* does its own file handling */
610 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
611 if (keep_it)
612 #endif
613 output_file_close (out_file_name);
614 #endif
615
616 if (!keep_it)
617 unlink (out_file_name);
618
619 input_scrub_end ();
620
621 END_PROGRESS (myname);
622
623 /* Use xexit instead of return, because under VMS environments they
624 may not place the same interpretation on the value given. */
625 if ((had_warnings () && flag_always_generate_output)
626 || had_errors () > 0)
627 xexit (EXIT_FAILURE);
628 xexit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
629 }
630
631 static void
632 dump_statistics ()
633 {
634 extern char **environ;
635 #ifdef HAVE_SBRK
636 char *lim = (char *) sbrk (0);
637 #endif
638 long run_time = get_run_time () - start_time;
639
640 fprintf (stderr, "%s: total time in assembly: %ld.%06ld\n",
641 myname, run_time / 1000000, run_time % 1000000);
642 #ifdef HAVE_SBRK
643 fprintf (stderr, "%s: data size %ld\n",
644 myname, (long) (lim - (char *) &environ));
645 #endif
646
647 subsegs_print_statistics (stderr);
648 write_print_statistics (stderr);
649 symbol_print_statistics (stderr);
650 read_print_statistics (stderr);
651
652 #ifdef tc_print_statistics
653 tc_print_statistics (stderr);
654 #endif
655 #ifdef obj_print_statistics
656 obj_print_statistics (stderr);
657 #endif
658 }
659 \f
660
661 /* perform_an_assembly_pass()
662 *
663 * Here to attempt 1 pass over each input file.
664 * We scan argv[*] looking for filenames or exactly "" which is
665 * shorthand for stdin. Any argv that is NULL is not a file-name.
666 * We set need_pass_2 TRUE if, after this, we still have unresolved
667 * expressions of the form (unknown value)+-(unknown value).
668 *
669 * Note the un*x semantics: there is only 1 logical input file, but it
670 * may be a catenation of many 'physical' input files.
671 */
672 static void
673 perform_an_assembly_pass (argc, argv)
674 int argc;
675 char **argv;
676 {
677 int saw_a_file = 0;
678 #ifdef BFD_ASSEMBLER
679 flagword applicable;
680 #endif
681
682 need_pass_2 = 0;
683
684 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
685 #ifdef MANY_SEGMENTS
686 {
687 unsigned int i;
688 for (i = SEG_E0; i < SEG_UNKNOWN; i++)
689 segment_info[i].fix_root = 0;
690 }
691 /* Create the three fixed ones */
692 {
693 segT seg;
694
695 #ifdef TE_APOLLO
696 seg = subseg_new (".wtext", 0);
697 #else
698 seg = subseg_new (".text", 0);
699 #endif
700 assert (seg == SEG_E0);
701 seg = subseg_new (".data", 0);
702 assert (seg == SEG_E1);
703 seg = subseg_new (".bss", 0);
704 assert (seg == SEG_E2);
705 #ifdef TE_APOLLO
706 create_target_segments ();
707 #endif
708 }
709
710 #else /* not MANY_SEGMENTS */
711 text_fix_root = NULL;
712 data_fix_root = NULL;
713 bss_fix_root = NULL;
714 #endif /* not MANY_SEGMENTS */
715 #else /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
716 /* Create the standard sections, and those the assembler uses
717 internally. */
718 text_section = subseg_new (".text", 0);
719 data_section = subseg_new (".data", 0);
720 bss_section = subseg_new (".bss", 0);
721 /* @@ FIXME -- we're setting the RELOC flag so that sections are assumed
722 to have relocs, otherwise we don't find out in time. */
723 applicable = bfd_applicable_section_flags (stdoutput);
724 bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, text_section,
725 applicable & (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_RELOC
726 | SEC_CODE | SEC_READONLY));
727 /* @@ FIXME -- SEC_CODE seems to mean code only, rather than code possibly.*/
728 bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, data_section,
729 applicable & (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_RELOC));
730 bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, bss_section, applicable & SEC_ALLOC);
731 seg_info (bss_section)->bss = 1;
732 subseg_new (BFD_ABS_SECTION_NAME, 0);
733 subseg_new (BFD_UND_SECTION_NAME, 0);
734 reg_section = subseg_new ("*GAS `reg' section*", 0);
735 expr_section = subseg_new ("*GAS `expr' section*", 0);
736
737 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
738
739 subseg_set (text_section, 0);
740
741 /* This may add symbol table entries, which requires having an open BFD,
742 and sections already created, in BFD_ASSEMBLER mode. */
743 md_begin ();
744
745 argv++; /* skip argv[0] */
746 argc--; /* skip argv[0] */
747 while (argc--)
748 {
749 if (*argv)
750 { /* Is it a file-name argument? */
751 PROGRESS (1);
752 saw_a_file++;
753 /* argv->"" if stdin desired, else->filename */
754 read_a_source_file (*argv);
755 }
756 argv++; /* completed that argv */
757 }
758 if (!saw_a_file)
759 read_a_source_file ("");
760 } /* perform_an_assembly_pass() */
761
762 /* The interface between the macro code and gas expression handling. */
763
764 static int
765 macro_expr (emsg, idx, in, val)
766 const char *emsg;
767 int idx;
768 sb *in;
769 int *val;
770 {
771 char *hold;
772 expressionS ex;
773
774 sb_terminate (in);
775
776 hold = input_line_pointer;
777 input_line_pointer = in->ptr + idx;
778 expression (&ex);
779 idx = input_line_pointer - in->ptr;
780 input_line_pointer = hold;
781
782 if (ex.X_op != O_constant)
783 as_bad ("%s", emsg);
784
785 *val = (int) ex.X_add_number;
786
787 return idx;
788 }
789
790 /* end of as.c */
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