gas/config/tc-avr.c

   1 /* tc-avr.c -- Assembler code for the ATMEL AVR
   2
   3    Copyright (C) 1999, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   4    Contributed by Denis Chertykov <denisc@overta.ru>
   5
   6    This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
   7
   8    GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   9    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
  11    any later version.
  12
  13    GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  14    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  16    GNU General Public License for more details.
  17
  18    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19    along with GAS; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
  20    the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
  21    Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
  22
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <ctype.h>
  25 #include "as.h"
  26 #include "subsegs.h"
  27
  28 struct avr_opcodes_s
  29 {
  30   char *name;
  31   char *constraints;
  32   int insn_size;                /* in words */
  33   int isa;
  34   unsigned int bin_opcode;
  35 };
  36
  37 #define AVR_INSN(NAME, CONSTR, OPCODE, SIZE, ISA, BIN) \
  38 {#NAME, CONSTR, SIZE, ISA, BIN},
  39
  40 struct avr_opcodes_s avr_opcodes[] =
  41 {
  42   #include "opcode/avr.h"
  43   {NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0}
  44 };
  45
  46
  47 const char comment_chars[] = ";";
  48 const char line_comment_chars[] = "#";
  49 const char line_separator_chars[] = "$";
  50
  51 const char *md_shortopts = "m:";
  52 struct mcu_type_s
  53 {
  54   char *name;
  55   int isa;
  56   int mach;
  57 };
  58
  59 static struct mcu_type_s mcu_types[] =
  60 {
  61   {"avr1",      AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  62   {"avr2",      AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  63   {"avr3",      AVR_ISA_M103,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  64   {"avr4",      AVR_ISA_M83,      bfd_mach_avr4},
  65   {"avr5",      AVR_ISA_ALL,      bfd_mach_avr5},
  66   {"at90s1200", AVR_ISA_1200,     bfd_mach_avr1},
  67   {"attiny10",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  68   {"attiny11",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  69   {"attiny12",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  70   {"attiny15",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  71   {"attiny28",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  72   {"at90s2313", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  73   {"at90s2323", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  74   {"at90s2333", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  75   {"attiny22" , AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  76   {"at90s2343", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  77   {"at90s4433", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  78   {"at90s4414", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  79   {"at90s4434", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  80   {"at90s8515", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  81   {"at90s8535", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  82   {"at90c8534", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  83   {"atmega603", AVR_ISA_M603,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  84   {"atmega103", AVR_ISA_M103,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  85   {"atmega83",  AVR_ISA_M83,      bfd_mach_avr4},
  86   {"atmega85",  AVR_ISA_M83,      bfd_mach_avr4},
  87   {"atmega161", AVR_ISA_M161,     bfd_mach_avr5},
  88   {"atmega163", AVR_ISA_M161,     bfd_mach_avr5},
  89   {"atmega32",  AVR_ISA_M161,     bfd_mach_avr5},
  90   {"at94k",     AVR_ISA_94K,      bfd_mach_avr5},
  91   {NULL, 0, 0}
  92 };
  93
  94
  95 /* Current MCU type.  */
  96 static struct mcu_type_s default_mcu = {"avr2", AVR_ISA_2xxx,bfd_mach_avr2};
  97 static struct mcu_type_s *avr_mcu = &default_mcu;
  98
  99 /* AVR target-specific switches.  */
 100 struct avr_opt_s
 101 {
 102   int all_opcodes;  /* -mall-opcodes: accept all known AVR opcodes */
 103   int no_skip_bug;  /* -mno-skip-bug: no warnings for skipping 2-word insns */
 104   int no_wrap;      /* -mno-wrap: reject rjmp/rcall with 8K wrap-around */
 105 };
 106
 107 static struct avr_opt_s avr_opt = { 0, 0, 0 };
 108
 109 const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE";
 110 const char FLT_CHARS[] = "dD";
 111 static void avr_set_arch (int dummy);
 112
 113 /* The target specific pseudo-ops which we support.  */
 114 const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] =
 115 {
 116   {"arch", avr_set_arch,        0},
 117   { NULL,       NULL,           0}
 118 };
 119
 120 #define LDI_IMMEDIATE(x) (((x) & 0xf) | (((x) << 4) & 0xf00))
 121
 122 static void show_mcu_list (FILE *stream);
 123 static char * skip_space (char * s);
 124 static char * extract_word (char *from, char *to, int limit);
 125 static unsigned int avr_operand (struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode,
 126                                  int where, char *op, char **line);
 127 static unsigned int avr_operands (struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode, char **line);
 128 static unsigned int avr_get_constant (char * str, int max);
 129 static char *parse_exp (char *s, expressionS * op);
 130 static bfd_reloc_code_real_type avr_ldi_expression (expressionS *exp);
 131 long md_pcrel_from_section PARAMS ((fixS *, segT));
 132
 133
 134 #define EXP_MOD_NAME(i) exp_mod[i].name
 135 #define EXP_MOD_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].reloc
 136 #define EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].neg_reloc
 137 #define HAVE_PM_P(i) exp_mod[i].have_pm
 138
 139 struct exp_mod_s
 140 {
 141   char * name;
 142   bfd_reloc_code_real_type reloc;
 143   bfd_reloc_code_real_type neg_reloc;
 144   int have_pm;
 145 };
 146
 147 static struct exp_mod_s exp_mod[] = {
 148   {"hh8",    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI,    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG,    1},
 149   {"pm_hh8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
 150   {"hi8",    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI,    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG,    1},
 151   {"pm_hi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
 152   {"lo8",    BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI,    BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG,    1},
 153   {"pm_lo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
 154   {"hlo8",   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI,   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG,   0},
 155   {"hhi8",   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI,   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG,   0},
 156 };
 157
 158 /* Opcode hash table.  */
 159 static struct hash_control *avr_hash;
 160
 161 /* Reloc modifiers hash control (hh8,hi8,lo8,pm_xx).  */
 162 static struct hash_control *avr_mod_hash;
 163
 164 #define OPTION_MMCU 'm'
 165 #define OPTION_ALL_OPCODES (OPTION_MD_BASE + 1)
 166 #define OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG (OPTION_MD_BASE + 2)
 167 #define OPTION_NO_WRAP     (OPTION_MD_BASE + 3)
 168
 169 struct option md_longopts[] = {
 170   { "mmcu",   required_argument, NULL, OPTION_MMCU        },
 171   { "mall-opcodes", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_ALL_OPCODES },
 172   { "mno-skip-bug", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG },
 173   { "mno-wrap",     no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_WRAP     },
 174   { NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0 }
 175 };
 176 size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof(md_longopts);
 177
 178
 179 /* Display nicely formatted list of known MCU names.  */
 180 static void
 181 show_mcu_list (FILE *stream)
 182 {
 183   int i, x;
 184
 185   fprintf (stream, _("Known MCU names:"));
 186   x = 1000;
 187   for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; i++)
 188     {
 189       int len = strlen (mcu_types[i].name);
 190       x += len + 1;
 191       if (x < 75)
 192         {
 193           fprintf (stream, " %s", mcu_types[i].name);
 194         }
 195       else
 196         {
 197           fprintf (stream, "\n  %s", mcu_types[i].name);
 198           x = len + 2;
 199         }
 200     }
 201     fprintf (stream, "\n");
 202 }
 203
 204
 205 static inline char *
 206 skip_space (s)
 207      char * s;
 208 {
 209   while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t')
 210     ++s;
 211   return s;
 212 }
 213
 214 /* Extract one word from FROM and copy it to TO.  */
 215 static char *
 216 extract_word (char *from, char *to, int limit)
 217 {
 218   char *op_start;
 219   char *op_end;
 220   int size = 0;
 221
 222   /* Drop leading whitespace.  */
 223   from = skip_space (from);
 224   *to = 0;
 225   /* Find the op code end.  */
 226   for (op_start = op_end = from; *op_end != 0 && is_part_of_name(*op_end); )
 227     {
 228       to[size++] = *op_end++;
 229       if (size + 1 >= limit)
 230         break;
 231     }
 232   to[size] = 0;
 233   return op_end;
 234 }
 235
 236 int
 237 md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragp, seg)
 238      fragS *fragp ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 239      asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 240 {
 241   abort ();
 242   return 0;
 243 }
 244
 245 void
 246 md_show_usage (stream)
 247   FILE *stream;
 248 {
 249   fprintf (stream,
 250       _("AVR options:\n"
 251         "  -mmcu=[avr-name] select microcontroller variant\n"
 252         "                   [avr-name] can be:\n"
 253         "                   avr1 - AT90S1200, ATtiny1x, ATtiny28\n"
 254         "                   avr2 - AT90S2xxx, AT90S4xxx, AT90S8xxx, ATtiny22\n"
 255         "                   avr3 - ATmega103, ATmega603\n"
 256         "                   avr4 - ATmega83, ATmega85\n"
 257         "                   avr5 - ATmega161, ATmega163, ATmega32, AT94K\n"
 258         "                   or immediate microcontroller name.\n"));
 259   fprintf (stream,
 260       _("  -mall-opcodes    accept all AVR opcodes, even if not supported by MCU\n"
 261         "  -mno-skip-bug    disable warnings for skipping two-word instructions\n"
 262         "                   (default for avr4, avr5)\n"
 263         "  -mno-wrap        reject rjmp/rcall instructions with 8K wrap-around\n"
 264         "                   (default for avr3, avr5)\n"));
 265   show_mcu_list (stream);
 266 }
 267
 268 static void
 269 avr_set_arch (dummy)
 270      int dummy ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 271 {
 272   char * str;
 273   str = (char *)alloca (20);
 274   input_line_pointer = extract_word (input_line_pointer, str, 20);
 275   md_parse_option (OPTION_MMCU, str);
 276   bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
 277 }
 278
 279 int
 280 md_parse_option (c, arg)
 281      int c;
 282      char *arg;
 283 {
 284   switch (c)
 285     {
 286     case OPTION_MMCU:
 287       {
 288         int i;
 289         char *s = alloca (strlen (arg) + 1);
 290
 291         {
 292           char *t = s;
 293           char *arg1 = arg;
 294
 295           do
 296             *t = tolower(*arg1++);
 297           while (*t++);
 298         }
 299
 300         for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; ++i)
 301           if (strcmp (mcu_types[i].name, s) == 0)
 302             break;
 303
 304         if (!mcu_types[i].name)
 305           {
 306             show_mcu_list (stderr);
 307             as_fatal (_("unknown MCU: %s\n"), arg);
 308           }
 309
 310         /* It is OK to redefine mcu type within the same avr[1-5] bfd machine
 311            type - this for allows passing -mmcu=... via gcc ASM_SPEC as well
 312            as .arch ... in the asm output at the same time.  */
 313
 314         if (avr_mcu == &default_mcu || avr_mcu->mach == mcu_types[i].mach)
 315           avr_mcu = &mcu_types[i];
 316         else
 317           as_fatal (_("redefinition of mcu type `%s' to `%s'"),
 318                     avr_mcu->name, mcu_types[i].name);
 319         return 1;
 320       }
 321     case OPTION_ALL_OPCODES:
 322       avr_opt.all_opcodes = 1;
 323       return 1;
 324     case OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG:
 325       avr_opt.no_skip_bug = 1;
 326       return 1;
 327     case OPTION_NO_WRAP:
 328       avr_opt.no_wrap = 1;
 329       return 1;
 330     }
 331   return 0;
 332 }
 333
 334 symbolS *
 335 md_undefined_symbol(name)
 336      char *name ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 337 {
 338   return 0;
 339 }
 340
 341 /* Convert a string pointed to by input_line_pointer into a floating point
 342    constant of type `type', and store the appropriate bytes to `*litP'.
 343    The number of LITTLENUMS emitted is stored in `*sizeP'.  Returns NULL if
 344    OK, or an error message otherwise.  */
 345 char *
 346 md_atof (type, litP, sizeP)
 347      int type;
 348      char *litP;
 349      int *sizeP;
 350 {
 351   int prec;
 352   LITTLENUM_TYPE words[4];
 353   LITTLENUM_TYPE *wordP;
 354   char *t;
 355
 356   switch (type)
 357     {
 358     case 'f':
 359       prec = 2;
 360       break;
 361     case 'd':
 362       prec = 4;
 363       break;
 364     default:
 365       *sizeP = 0;
 366       return _("bad call to md_atof");
 367     }
 368
 369   t = atof_ieee (input_line_pointer, type, words);
 370   if (t)
 371     input_line_pointer = t;
 372
 373   *sizeP = prec * sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
 374   /* This loop outputs the LITTLENUMs in REVERSE order.  */
 375   for (wordP = words + prec - 1; prec--;)
 376     {
 377       md_number_to_chars (litP, (valueT) (*wordP--), sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE));
 378       litP += sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
 379     }
 380   return NULL;
 381 }
 382
 383 void
 384 md_convert_frag (abfd, sec, fragP)
 385   bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 386   asection *sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 387   fragS *fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 388 {
 389   abort ();
 390 }
 391
 392
 393 void
 394 md_begin ()
 395 {
 396   unsigned int i;
 397   struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
 398   avr_hash = hash_new();
 399
 400   /* Insert unique names into hash table.  This hash table then provides a
 401      quick index to the first opcode with a particular name in the opcode
 402      table.  */
 403
 404   for (opcode = avr_opcodes; opcode->name; opcode++)
 405     hash_insert (avr_hash, opcode->name, (char *) opcode);
 406
 407   avr_mod_hash = hash_new ();
 408
 409   for (i = 0; i < sizeof (exp_mod) / sizeof (exp_mod[0]); ++i)
 410     hash_insert (avr_mod_hash, EXP_MOD_NAME(i), (void*)(i+10));
 411
 412   bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
 413 }
 414
 415
 416 /* Resolve STR as a constant expression and return the result.
 417    If result greater than MAX then error. */
 418
 419 static unsigned int
 420 avr_get_constant (str, max)
 421      char * str;
 422      int max;
 423 {
 424   expressionS ex;
 425   str = skip_space (str);
 426   input_line_pointer = str;
 427   expression (&ex);
 428
 429   if (ex.X_op != O_constant)
 430     as_bad (_("constant value required"));
 431
 432   if (ex.X_add_number > max || ex.X_add_number < 0)
 433     as_bad (_("number must be less than %d"), max+1);
 434   return ex.X_add_number;
 435 }
 436
 437
 438 /* Parse instruction operands.
 439    Returns binary opcode. */
 440
 441 static unsigned int
 442 avr_operands (opcode, line)
 443      struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
 444      char **line;
 445 {
 446   char *op = opcode->constraints;
 447   unsigned int bin = opcode->bin_opcode;
 448   char *frag = frag_more (opcode->insn_size * 2);
 449   char *str = *line;
 450   int where = frag - frag_now->fr_literal;
 451   static unsigned int prev = 0;  /* previous opcode */
 452
 453   /* Opcode have operands.  */
 454   if (*op)
 455     {
 456       unsigned int reg1 = 0;
 457       unsigned int reg2 = 0;
 458       int reg1_present = 0;
 459       int reg2_present = 0;
 460
 461       /* Parse first operand.  */
 462       if (REGISTER_P (*op))
 463         reg1_present = 1;
 464       reg1 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
 465       ++op;
 466
 467       /* Parse second operand.  */
 468       if (*op)
 469         {
 470           if (*op == ',')
 471             ++op;
 472           if (*op == '=')
 473             {
 474               reg2 = reg1;
 475               reg2_present = 1;
 476             }
 477           else
 478             {
 479               if (REGISTER_P (*op))
 480                 reg2_present = 1;
 481
 482               str = skip_space (str);
 483               if (*str++ != ',')
 484                 as_bad (_("`,' required"));
 485               str = skip_space (str);
 486
 487               reg2 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
 488
 489             }
 490           if (reg1_present && reg2_present)
 491             reg2 = (reg2 & 0xf) | ((reg2 << 5) & 0x200);
 492           else if (reg2_present)
 493             reg2 <<= 4;
 494         }
 495       if (reg1_present)
 496         reg1 <<= 4;
 497       bin |= reg1 | reg2;
 498     }
 499
 500   if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes)
 501     {
 502       /* Detect undefined combinations (like ld r31,Z+).  */
 503       if (((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91AD) || ((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91AE) ||
 504           ((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91C9) || ((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91CA) ||
 505           ((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91E1) || ((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91E2) ||
 506           ((bin & 0xFFED) == 0x91E5))
 507         as_warn (_("undefined combination of operands"));
 508     }
 509
 510   if (opcode->insn_size == 2)
 511     {
 512       /* Warn if the previous opcode was cpse/sbic/sbis/sbrc/sbrs
 513          (AVR core bug, fixed in the newer devices).  */
 514
 515       if (!((avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_MUL) || avr_opt.no_skip_bug))
 516         {
 517           if ((prev & 0xFC00) == 0x1000
 518               || (prev & 0xFD00) == 0x9900
 519               || (prev & 0xFC08) == 0xFC00)
 520             as_warn (_("skipping two-word instruction"));
 521         }
 522
 523       bfd_putl32 ((bfd_vma)bin, frag);
 524     }
 525   else
 526     bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma)bin, frag);
 527
 528   prev = bin;
 529   *line = str;
 530   return bin;
 531 }
 532
 533
 534 /* Parse one instruction operand.
 535    Returns operand bitmask. Also fixups can be generated.  */
 536
 537 static unsigned int
 538 avr_operand (opcode, where, op, line)
 539      struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
 540      int where;
 541      char *op;
 542      char **line;
 543 {
 544   expressionS op_expr;
 545   unsigned int op_mask = 0;
 546   char *str = skip_space (*line);
 547
 548   switch (*op)
 549     {
 550       /* Any register operand.  */
 551     case 'w':
 552     case 'd':
 553     case 'r':
 554     case 'a':
 555     case 'v':
 556       {
 557         op_mask = -1;
 558
 559         if (*str == 'r' || *str == 'R')
 560           {
 561             char r_name[20];
 562
 563             str = extract_word (str, r_name, sizeof (r_name));
 564             if (isdigit(r_name[1]))
 565               {
 566                 if (r_name[2] == '\0')
 567                   op_mask = r_name[1] - '0';
 568                 else if (r_name[1] != '0'
 569                          && isdigit(r_name[2])
 570                          && r_name[3] == '\0')
 571                   op_mask = (r_name[1] - '0') * 10 + r_name[2] - '0';
 572               }
 573           }
 574         else
 575           {
 576             op_mask = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
 577             str = input_line_pointer;
 578           }
 579
 580         if (op_mask <= 31)
 581           {
 582             switch (*op)
 583               {
 584               case 'a':
 585                 if (op_mask < 16 || op_mask > 23)
 586                   as_bad (_("register r16-r23 required"));
 587                 op_mask -= 16;
 588                 break;
 589
 590               case 'd':
 591                 if (op_mask < 16)
 592                   as_bad (_("register number above 15 required"));
 593                 op_mask -= 16;
 594                 break;
 595
 596               case 'v':
 597                 if (op_mask & 1)
 598                   as_bad (_("even register number required"));
 599                 op_mask >>= 1;
 600                 break;
 601
 602               case 'w':
 603                 op_mask -= 24;
 604                 if (op_mask & 1 || op_mask > 6)
 605                   as_bad (_("register r24, r26, r28 or r30 required"));
 606                 op_mask >>= 1;
 607                 break;
 608               }
 609             break;
 610           }
 611         as_bad (_("register name or number from 0 to 31 required"));
 612       }
 613       break;
 614
 615     case 'e':
 616       {
 617         char c;
 618         if (*str == '-')
 619           {
 620             str = skip_space (str+1);
 621             op_mask = 0x1002;
 622           }
 623         c = tolower (*str);
 624         if (c == 'x')
 625           op_mask |= 0x100c;
 626         else if (c == 'y')
 627           op_mask |= 0x8;
 628         else if (c != 'z')
 629           as_bad (_("pointer register (X, Y or Z) required"));
 630
 631         str = skip_space (str+1);
 632         if (*str == '+')
 633           {
 634             ++str;
 635             if (op_mask & 2)
 636               as_bad (_("cannot both predecrement and postincrement"));
 637             op_mask |= 0x1001;
 638           }
 639
 640         /* avr1 can do "ld r,Z" and "st Z,r" but no other pointer
 641            registers, no predecrement, no postincrement.  */
 642
 643         if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (op_mask & 0x100F)
 644             && !(avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_SRAM))
 645           as_bad (_("addressing mode not supported"));
 646       }
 647       break;
 648
 649     case 'z':
 650       {
 651         if (*str == '-')
 652           as_bad (_("can't predecrement"));
 653
 654         if (! (*str == 'z' || *str == 'Z'))
 655           as_bad (_("pointer register Z required"));
 656
 657         str = skip_space (str + 1);
 658         if (*str == '+')
 659           {
 660             ++str;
 661             op_mask |= 1;
 662           }
 663       }
 664       break;
 665
 666     case 'b':
 667       {
 668         char c = tolower (*str++);
 669         if (c == 'y')
 670           op_mask |= 0x8;
 671         else if (c != 'z')
 672           as_bad (_("pointer register (Y or Z) required"));
 673         str = skip_space (str);
 674         if (*str++ == '+')
 675           {
 676             unsigned int x;
 677             x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
 678             str = input_line_pointer;
 679             op_mask |= (x & 7) | ((x & (3 << 3)) << 7) | ((x & (1 << 5)) << 8);
 680           }
 681       }
 682       break;
 683
 684     case 'h':
 685       {
 686         str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 687         fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 688                      &op_expr, false, BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL);
 689
 690       }
 691       break;
 692
 693     case 'L':
 694       {
 695         str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 696         fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 697                      &op_expr, true, BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL);
 698
 699       }
 700       break;
 701
 702     case 'l':
 703       {
 704         str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 705         fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 706                      &op_expr, true, BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL);
 707
 708       }
 709       break;
 710
 711     case 'i':
 712       {
 713         str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 714         fix_new_exp (frag_now, where+2, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 715                      &op_expr, false, BFD_RELOC_16);
 716
 717       }
 718       break;
 719
 720     case 'M':
 721       {
 722         bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type;
 723         input_line_pointer = str;
 724         r_type = avr_ldi_expression (&op_expr);
 725         str = input_line_pointer;
 726         fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
 727                      &op_expr, false, r_type);
 728       }
 729       break;
 730
 731     case 'n':
 732       {
 733         unsigned int x;
 734         x = ~avr_get_constant (str, 255);
 735         str = input_line_pointer;
 736         op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x << 4) & 0xf00);
 737       }
 738       break;
 739
 740     case 'K':
 741       {
 742         unsigned int x;
 743         x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
 744         str = input_line_pointer;
 745         op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x & 0x30) << 2);
 746       }
 747       break;
 748
 749     case 'S':
 750     case 's':
 751       {
 752         unsigned int x;
 753         x = avr_get_constant (str, 7);
 754         str = input_line_pointer;
 755         if (*op == 'S')
 756           x <<= 4;
 757         op_mask |= x;
 758       }
 759       break;
 760
 761     case 'P':
 762       {
 763         unsigned int x;
 764         x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
 765         str = input_line_pointer;
 766         op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x & 0x30) << 5);
 767       }
 768       break;
 769
 770     case 'p':
 771       {
 772         unsigned int x;
 773         x = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
 774         str = input_line_pointer;
 775         op_mask |= x << 3;
 776       }
 777       break;
 778     case '?':
 779       break;
 780     default:
 781       as_bad (_("unknown constraint `%c'"), *op);
 782     }
 783   *line = str;
 784   return op_mask;
 785 }
 786
 787 /* GAS will call this function for each section at the end of the assembly,
 788    to permit the CPU backend to adjust the alignment of a section.  */
 789 valueT
 790 md_section_align (seg, addr)
 791      asection *seg;
 792      valueT addr;
 793 {
 794   int align = bfd_get_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg);
 795   return ((addr + (1 << align) - 1) & (-1 << align));
 796 }
 797
 798 /* If you define this macro, it should return the offset between the
 799    address of a PC relative fixup and the position from which the PC
 800    relative adjustment should be made.  On many processors, the base
 801    of a PC relative instruction is the next instruction, so this
 802    macro would return the length of an instruction.  */
 803 long
 804 md_pcrel_from_section (fixp, sec)
 805      fixS *fixp;
 806      segT sec;
 807 {
 808   if (fixp->fx_addsy != (symbolS *)NULL
 809       && (!S_IS_DEFINED (fixp->fx_addsy)
 810           || (S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) != sec)))
 811     return 0;
 812   return fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
 813 }
 814
 815 /* GAS will call this for each fixup.  It should store the correct
 816    value in the object file. */
 817 int
 818 md_apply_fix3 (fixp, valuep, seg)
 819      fixS *fixp;
 820      valueT *valuep;
 821      segT seg;
 822 {
 823   unsigned char *where;
 824   unsigned long insn;
 825   long value;
 826
 827   if (fixp->fx_addsy == (symbolS *) NULL)
 828     {
 829       value = *valuep;
 830       fixp->fx_done = 1;
 831     }
 832   else if (fixp->fx_pcrel)
 833     {
 834       segT s = S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy);
 835       if (fixp->fx_addsy && (s == seg || s == absolute_section))
 836         {
 837           value = S_GET_VALUE (fixp->fx_addsy) + *valuep;
 838           fixp->fx_done = 1;
 839         }
 840       else
 841         value = *valuep;
 842     }
 843   else
 844     {
 845       value = fixp->fx_offset;
 846       if (fixp->fx_subsy != (symbolS *) NULL)
 847         {
 848           if (S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_subsy) == absolute_section)
 849             {
 850               value -= S_GET_VALUE (fixp->fx_subsy);
 851               fixp->fx_done = 1;
 852             }
 853           else
 854             {
 855               /* We don't actually support subtracting a symbol.  */
 856               as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 857                             _("expression too complex"));
 858             }
 859         }
 860     }
 861   switch (fixp->fx_r_type)
 862     {
 863     default:
 864       fixp->fx_no_overflow = 1;
 865       break;
 866     case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
 867     case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
 868     case BFD_RELOC_32:
 869     case BFD_RELOC_16:
 870     case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
 871       break;
 872     }
 873
 874   if (fixp->fx_done)
 875     {
 876       /* Fetch the instruction, insert the fully resolved operand
 877          value, and stuff the instruction back again.  */
 878       where = fixp->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixp->fx_where;
 879       insn = bfd_getl16 (where);
 880
 881       switch (fixp->fx_r_type)
 882         {
 883         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
 884           if (value & 1)
 885             as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 886                           _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
 887           /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1.  */
 888           value >>= 1;
 889           --value;                      /* Correct PC.  */
 890           if (value < -64 || value > 63)
 891             as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 892                           _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
 893           value = (value << 3) & 0x3f8;
 894           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
 895           break;
 896
 897         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
 898           if (value & 1)
 899             as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 900                           _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
 901           /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1.  */
 902           value >>= 1;
 903           --value;                      /* Correct PC.  */
 904
 905           if (value < -2048 || value > 2047)
 906             {
 907               /* No wrap for devices with >8K of program memory.  */
 908               if ((avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_MEGA) || avr_opt.no_wrap)
 909                 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 910                               _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
 911             }
 912
 913           value &= 0xfff;
 914           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
 915           break;
 916
 917         case BFD_RELOC_32:
 918           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
 919           break;
 920
 921         case BFD_RELOC_16:
 922           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
 923           break;
 924
 925         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM:
 926           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value>>1), where);
 927           break;
 928
 929         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
 930           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value), where);
 931           break;
 932
 933         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
 934           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 16), where);
 935           break;
 936
 937         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
 938           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 8), where);
 939           break;
 940
 941         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
 942           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 24), where);
 943           break;
 944
 945         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI:
 946           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 16), where);
 947           break;
 948
 949         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
 950           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value), where);
 951           break;
 952
 953         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
 954           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 16), where);
 955           break;
 956
 957         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
 958           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 8), where);
 959           break;
 960
 961         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
 962           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 24), where);
 963           break;
 964
 965         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG:
 966           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 16), where);
 967           break;
 968
 969         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM:
 970           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 1), where);
 971           break;
 972
 973         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM:
 974           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 9), where);
 975           break;
 976
 977         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM:
 978           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 17), where);
 979           break;
 980
 981         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG:
 982           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 1), where);
 983           break;
 984
 985         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG:
 986           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 9), where);
 987           break;
 988
 989         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG:
 990           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 17), where);
 991           break;
 992
 993         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
 994           {
 995             unsigned long x;
 996             x = bfd_getl16 (where);
 997             if (value & 1)
 998               as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 999                             _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1000             value >>= 1;
1001             x |= ((value & 0x10000) | ((value << 3) & 0x1f00000)) >> 16;
1002             bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) x, where);
1003             bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value & 0xffff), where+2);
1004           }
1005           break;
1006
1007         default:
1008           as_fatal ( _("line %d: unknown relocation type: 0x%x"),
1009                      fixp->fx_line, fixp->fx_r_type);
1010           break;
1011         }
1012     }
1013   else
1014     {
1015       switch (fixp->fx_r_type)
1016         {
1017         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
1018         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
1019         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
1020         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
1021           as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1022                         _("only constant expression allowed"));
1023           fixp->fx_done = 1;
1024           break;
1025         default:
1026           break;
1027         }
1028       fixp->fx_addnumber = value;
1029     }
1030   return 0;
1031 }
1032
1033
1034 /* A `BFD_ASSEMBLER' GAS will call this to generate a reloc.  GAS
1035    will pass the resulting reloc to `bfd_install_relocation'.  This
1036    currently works poorly, as `bfd_install_relocation' often does the
1037    wrong thing, and instances of `tc_gen_reloc' have been written to
1038    work around the problems, which in turns makes it difficult to fix
1039    `bfd_install_relocation'. */
1040
1041 /* If while processing a fixup, a reloc really needs to be created
1042    then it is done here.  */
1043
1044 arelent *
1045 tc_gen_reloc (seg, fixp)
1046      asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
1047      fixS *fixp;
1048 {
1049   arelent *reloc;
1050
1051   reloc = (arelent *) xmalloc (sizeof (arelent));
1052
1053   reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = (asymbol **) xmalloc (sizeof (asymbol *));
1054   *reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = symbol_get_bfdsym (fixp->fx_addsy);
1055
1056   reloc->address = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
1057   reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, fixp->fx_r_type);
1058   if (reloc->howto == (reloc_howto_type *) NULL)
1059     {
1060       as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1061                     _("reloc %d not supported by object file format"),
1062                     (int)fixp->fx_r_type);
1063       return NULL;
1064     }
1065
1066   if (fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
1067       || fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY)
1068     reloc->address = fixp->fx_offset;
1069
1070   reloc->addend = fixp->fx_offset;
1071
1072   return reloc;
1073 }
1074
1075
1076 void
1077 md_assemble (str)
1078      char *str;
1079 {
1080   struct avr_opcodes_s * opcode;
1081   char op[11];
1082
1083   str = skip_space (extract_word (str, op, sizeof(op)));
1084
1085   if (!op[0])
1086     as_bad (_("can't find opcode "));
1087
1088   opcode = (struct avr_opcodes_s *) hash_find (avr_hash, op);
1089
1090   if (opcode == NULL)
1091     {
1092       as_bad (_("unknown opcode `%s'"), op);
1093       return;
1094     }
1095
1096   /* Special case for opcodes with optional operands (lpm, elpm) -
1097      version with operands exists in avr_opcodes[] in the next entry.  */
1098
1099   if (*str && *opcode->constraints == '?')
1100     ++opcode;
1101
1102   if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (opcode->isa & avr_mcu->isa) != opcode->isa)
1103     as_bad (_("illegal opcode %s for mcu %s"), opcode->name, avr_mcu->name);
1104
1105   /* We used to set input_line_pointer to the result of get_operands,
1106      but that is wrong.  Our caller assumes we don't change it.  */
1107   {
1108     char *t = input_line_pointer;
1109     avr_operands (opcode, &str);
1110     if (*skip_space (str))
1111       as_bad (_("garbage at end of line"));
1112     input_line_pointer = t;
1113   }
1114 }
1115
1116 /* Parse ordinary expression.  */
1117 static char *
1118 parse_exp (s, op)
1119      char *s;
1120      expressionS * op;
1121 {
1122   input_line_pointer = s;
1123   expression (op);
1124   if (op->X_op == O_absent)
1125     as_bad (_("missing operand"));
1126   return input_line_pointer;
1127 }
1128
1129
1130 /* Parse special expressions (needed for LDI command):
1131    xx8 (address)
1132    xx8 (-address)
1133    pm_xx8 (address)
1134    pm_xx8 (-address)
1135    where xx is: hh, hi, lo
1136 */
1137 static bfd_reloc_code_real_type
1138 avr_ldi_expression (exp)
1139      expressionS *exp;
1140 {
1141   char *str = input_line_pointer;
1142   char *tmp;
1143   char op[8];
1144   int mod;
1145   tmp = str;
1146
1147   str = extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op));
1148   if (op[0])
1149     {
1150       mod = (int) hash_find (avr_mod_hash, op);
1151       if (mod)
1152         {
1153           int closes = 0;
1154           mod -= 10;
1155           str = skip_space (str);
1156           if (*str == '(')
1157             {
1158               int neg_p = 0;
1159               ++str;
1160               if (strncmp ("pm(", str, 3) == 0
1161                   || strncmp ("-(pm(", str, 5) == 0)
1162                 {
1163                   if (HAVE_PM_P(mod))
1164                     {
1165                       ++mod;
1166                       ++closes;
1167                     }
1168                   else
1169                     as_bad (_("illegal expression"));
1170                   if (*str == '-')
1171                     {
1172                       neg_p = 1;
1173                       ++closes;
1174                       str += 5;
1175                     }
1176                   else
1177                     str += 3;
1178                 }
1179               if (*str == '-' && *(str + 1) == '(')
1180                 {
1181                   neg_p ^= 1;
1182                   ++closes;
1183                   str += 2;
1184                 }
1185               input_line_pointer = str;
1186               expression (exp);
1187               do
1188                 {
1189                   if (*input_line_pointer != ')')
1190                     {
1191                       as_bad (_("`)' required"));
1192                       break;
1193                     }
1194                   input_line_pointer++;
1195                 }
1196               while (closes--);
1197               return neg_p ? EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC (mod) : EXP_MOD_RELOC (mod);
1198             }
1199         }
1200     }
1201   input_line_pointer = tmp;
1202   expression (exp);
1203
1204   /* Warn about expressions that fail to use lo8().  */
1205   if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
1206     {
1207       int x = exp->X_add_number;
1208       if (x < -255 || x > 255)
1209         as_warn (_("constant out of 8-bit range: %d"), x);
1210     }
1211   else
1212     as_warn (_("expression possibly out of 8-bit range"));
1213
1214   return BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI;
1215 }
1216
1217 /* Flag to pass `pm' mode between `avr_parse_cons_expression' and
1218    `avr_cons_fix_new' */
1219 static int exp_mod_pm = 0;
1220
1221 /* Parse special CONS expression: pm (expression)
1222    which is used for addressing to a program memory.
1223    Relocation: BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM */
1224 void
1225 avr_parse_cons_expression (exp, nbytes)
1226      expressionS *exp;
1227      int nbytes;
1228 {
1229   char * tmp;
1230
1231   exp_mod_pm = 0;
1232
1233   tmp = input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer);
1234
1235   if (nbytes == 2)
1236     {
1237       char * pm_name = "pm";
1238       int len = strlen (pm_name);
1239       if (strncasecmp (input_line_pointer, pm_name, len) == 0)
1240         {
1241           input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + len);
1242           if (*input_line_pointer == '(')
1243             {
1244               input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + 1);
1245               exp_mod_pm = 1;
1246               expression (exp);
1247               if (*input_line_pointer == ')')
1248                 ++input_line_pointer;
1249               else
1250                 {
1251                   as_bad (_("`)' required"));
1252                   exp_mod_pm = 0;
1253                 }
1254               return;
1255             }
1256           input_line_pointer = tmp;
1257         }
1258     }
1259   expression (exp);
1260 }
1261
1262 void
1263 avr_cons_fix_new(frag, where, nbytes, exp)
1264      fragS *frag;
1265      int where;
1266      int nbytes;
1267      expressionS *exp;
1268 {
1269   if (exp_mod_pm == 0)
1270     {
1271       if (nbytes == 2)
1272         fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, false, BFD_RELOC_16);
1273       else if (nbytes == 4)
1274         fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, false, BFD_RELOC_32);
1275       else
1276         as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "", nbytes);
1277     }
1278   else
1279     {
1280       if (nbytes == 2)
1281         fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, false, BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM);
1282       else
1283         as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "`pm' ", nbytes);
1284       exp_mod_pm = 0;
1285     }
1286 }