gas/config/tc-avr.c

   1 /* tc-avr.c -- Assembler code for the ATMEL AVR
   2
   3    Copyright (C) 1999, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   4    Contributed by Denis Chertykov <denisc@overta.ru>
   5
   6    This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
   7
   8    GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   9    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
  11    any later version.
  12
  13    GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  14    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  16    GNU General Public License for more details.
  17
  18    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19    along with GAS; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
  20    the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
  21    Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
  22
  23 #include <stdio.h>
  24 #include <ctype.h>
  25 #include "as.h"
  26 #include "subsegs.h"
  27
  28 struct avr_opcodes_s
  29 {
  30   char *name;
  31   char *constraints;
  32   int insn_size;                /* In words.  */
  33   int isa;
  34   unsigned int bin_opcode;
  35 };
  36
  37 #define AVR_INSN(NAME, CONSTR, OPCODE, SIZE, ISA, BIN) \
  38 {#NAME, CONSTR, SIZE, ISA, BIN},
  39
  40 struct avr_opcodes_s avr_opcodes[] =
  41 {
  42   #include "opcode/avr.h"
  43   {NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0}
  44 };
  45
  46 const char comment_chars[] = ";";
  47 const char line_comment_chars[] = "#";
  48 const char line_separator_chars[] = "$";
  49
  50 const char *md_shortopts = "m:";
  51 struct mcu_type_s
  52 {
  53   char *name;
  54   int isa;
  55   int mach;
  56 };
  57
  58 static struct mcu_type_s mcu_types[] =
  59 {
  60   {"avr1",      AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  61   {"avr2",      AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  62   {"avr3",      AVR_ISA_M103,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  63   {"avr4",      AVR_ISA_M83,      bfd_mach_avr4},
  64   {"avr5",      AVR_ISA_ALL,      bfd_mach_avr5},
  65   {"at90s1200", AVR_ISA_1200,     bfd_mach_avr1},
  66   {"attiny10",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  67   {"attiny11",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  68   {"attiny12",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  69   {"attiny15",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  70   {"attiny28",  AVR_ISA_TINY1,    bfd_mach_avr1},
  71   {"at90s2313", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  72   {"at90s2323", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  73   {"at90s2333", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  74   {"attiny22" , AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  75   {"at90s2343", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  76   {"at90s4433", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  77   {"at90s4414", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  78   {"at90s4434", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  79   {"at90s8515", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  80   {"at90s8535", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  81   {"at90c8534", AVR_ISA_2xxx,     bfd_mach_avr2},
  82   {"atmega603", AVR_ISA_M603,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  83   {"atmega103", AVR_ISA_M103,     bfd_mach_avr3},
  84   {"atmega83",  AVR_ISA_M83,      bfd_mach_avr4},
  85   {"atmega85",  AVR_ISA_M83,      bfd_mach_avr4},
  86   {"atmega161", AVR_ISA_M161,     bfd_mach_avr5},
  87   {"atmega163", AVR_ISA_M161,     bfd_mach_avr5},
  88   {"atmega32",  AVR_ISA_M161,     bfd_mach_avr5},
  89   {"at94k",     AVR_ISA_94K,      bfd_mach_avr5},
  90   {NULL, 0, 0}
  91 };
  92
  93 /* Current MCU type.  */
  94 static struct mcu_type_s default_mcu = {"avr2", AVR_ISA_2xxx,bfd_mach_avr2};
  95 static struct mcu_type_s *avr_mcu = &default_mcu;
  96
  97 /* AVR target-specific switches.  */
  98 struct avr_opt_s
  99 {
 100   int all_opcodes;  /* -mall-opcodes: accept all known AVR opcodes  */
 101   int no_skip_bug;  /* -mno-skip-bug: no warnings for skipping 2-word insns  */
 102   int no_wrap;      /* -mno-wrap: reject rjmp/rcall with 8K wrap-around  */
 103 };
 104
 105 static struct avr_opt_s avr_opt = { 0, 0, 0 };
 106
 107 const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE";
 108 const char FLT_CHARS[] = "dD";
 109 static void avr_set_arch (int dummy);
 110
 111 /* The target specific pseudo-ops which we support.  */
 112 const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] =
 113 {
 114   {"arch", avr_set_arch,        0},
 115   { NULL,       NULL,           0}
 116 };
 117
 118 #define LDI_IMMEDIATE(x) (((x) & 0xf) | (((x) << 4) & 0xf00))
 119
 120 static void show_mcu_list (FILE *stream);
 121 static char *skip_space (char *s);
 122 static char *extract_word (char *from, char *to, int limit);
 123 static unsigned int avr_operand (struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode,
 124                                  int where, char *op, char **line);
 125 static unsigned int avr_operands (struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode, char **line);
 126 static unsigned int avr_get_constant (char *str, int max);
 127 static char *parse_exp (char *s, expressionS *op);
 128 static bfd_reloc_code_real_type avr_ldi_expression (expressionS *exp);
 129 long md_pcrel_from_section PARAMS ((fixS *, segT));
 130
 131 #define EXP_MOD_NAME(i) exp_mod[i].name
 132 #define EXP_MOD_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].reloc
 133 #define EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC(i) exp_mod[i].neg_reloc
 134 #define HAVE_PM_P(i) exp_mod[i].have_pm
 135
 136 struct exp_mod_s
 137 {
 138   char *name;
 139   bfd_reloc_code_real_type reloc;
 140   bfd_reloc_code_real_type neg_reloc;
 141   int have_pm;
 142 };
 143
 144 static struct exp_mod_s exp_mod[] =
 145 {
 146   {"hh8",    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI,    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG,    1},
 147   {"pm_hh8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
 148   {"hi8",    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI,    BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG,    1},
 149   {"pm_hi8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
 150   {"lo8",    BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI,    BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG,    1},
 151   {"pm_lo8", BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM, BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG, 0},
 152   {"hlo8",   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI,   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG,   0},
 153   {"hhi8",   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI,   -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG,   0},
 154 };
 155
 156 /* Opcode hash table.  */
 157 static struct hash_control *avr_hash;
 158
 159 /* Reloc modifiers hash control (hh8,hi8,lo8,pm_xx).  */
 160 static struct hash_control *avr_mod_hash;
 161
 162 #define OPTION_MMCU 'm'
 163 #define OPTION_ALL_OPCODES (OPTION_MD_BASE + 1)
 164 #define OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG (OPTION_MD_BASE + 2)
 165 #define OPTION_NO_WRAP     (OPTION_MD_BASE + 3)
 166
 167 struct option md_longopts[] =
 168 {
 169   { "mmcu",   required_argument, NULL, OPTION_MMCU        },
 170   { "mall-opcodes", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_ALL_OPCODES },
 171   { "mno-skip-bug", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG },
 172   { "mno-wrap",     no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NO_WRAP     },
 173   { NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0 }
 174 };
 175
 176 size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof (md_longopts);
 177
 178 /* Display nicely formatted list of known MCU names.  */
 179
 180 static void
 181 show_mcu_list (stream)
 182      FILE *stream;
 183 {
 184   int i, x;
 185
 186   fprintf (stream, _("Known MCU names:"));
 187   x = 1000;
 188
 189   for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; i++)
 190     {
 191       int len = strlen (mcu_types[i].name);
 192
 193       x += len + 1;
 194
 195       if (x < 75)
 196         fprintf (stream, " %s", mcu_types[i].name);
 197       else
 198         {
 199           fprintf (stream, "\n  %s", mcu_types[i].name);
 200           x = len + 2;
 201         }
 202     }
 203
 204   fprintf (stream, "\n");
 205 }
 206
 207 static inline char *
 208 skip_space (s)
 209      char *s;
 210 {
 211   while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t')
 212     ++s;
 213   return s;
 214 }
 215
 216 /* Extract one word from FROM and copy it to TO.  */
 217
 218 static char *
 219 extract_word (char *from, char *to, int limit)
 220 {
 221   char *op_start;
 222   char *op_end;
 223   int size = 0;
 224
 225   /* Drop leading whitespace.  */
 226   from = skip_space (from);
 227   *to = 0;
 228
 229   /* Find the op code end.  */
 230   for (op_start = op_end = from; *op_end != 0 && is_part_of_name (*op_end);)
 231     {
 232       to[size++] = *op_end++;
 233       if (size + 1 >= limit)
 234         break;
 235     }
 236
 237   to[size] = 0;
 238   return op_end;
 239 }
 240
 241 int
 242 md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragp, seg)
 243      fragS *fragp ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 244      asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 245 {
 246   abort ();
 247   return 0;
 248 }
 249
 250 void
 251 md_show_usage (stream)
 252      FILE *stream;
 253 {
 254   fprintf (stream,
 255       _("AVR options:\n"
 256         "  -mmcu=[avr-name] select microcontroller variant\n"
 257         "                   [avr-name] can be:\n"
 258         "                   avr1 - AT90S1200, ATtiny1x, ATtiny28\n"
 259         "                   avr2 - AT90S2xxx, AT90S4xxx, AT90S8xxx, ATtiny22\n"
 260         "                   avr3 - ATmega103, ATmega603\n"
 261         "                   avr4 - ATmega83, ATmega85\n"
 262         "                   avr5 - ATmega161, ATmega163, ATmega32, AT94K\n"
 263         "                   or immediate microcontroller name.\n"));
 264   fprintf (stream,
 265       _("  -mall-opcodes    accept all AVR opcodes, even if not supported by MCU\n"
 266         "  -mno-skip-bug    disable warnings for skipping two-word instructions\n"
 267         "                   (default for avr4, avr5)\n"
 268         "  -mno-wrap        reject rjmp/rcall instructions with 8K wrap-around\n"
 269         "                   (default for avr3, avr5)\n"));
 270   show_mcu_list (stream);
 271 }
 272
 273 static void
 274 avr_set_arch (dummy)
 275      int dummy ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 276 {
 277   char *str;
 278
 279   str = (char *) alloca (20);
 280   input_line_pointer = extract_word (input_line_pointer, str, 20);
 281   md_parse_option (OPTION_MMCU, str);
 282   bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
 283 }
 284
 285 int
 286 md_parse_option (c, arg)
 287      int c;
 288      char *arg;
 289 {
 290   switch (c)
 291     {
 292     case OPTION_MMCU:
 293       {
 294         int i;
 295         char *s = alloca (strlen (arg) + 1);
 296
 297         {
 298           char *t = s;
 299           char *arg1 = arg;
 300
 301           do
 302             *t = tolower (*arg1++);
 303           while (*t++);
 304         }
 305
 306         for (i = 0; mcu_types[i].name; ++i)
 307           if (strcmp (mcu_types[i].name, s) == 0)
 308             break;
 309
 310         if (!mcu_types[i].name)
 311           {
 312             show_mcu_list (stderr);
 313             as_fatal (_("unknown MCU: %s\n"), arg);
 314           }
 315
 316         /* It is OK to redefine mcu type within the same avr[1-5] bfd machine
 317            type - this for allows passing -mmcu=... via gcc ASM_SPEC as well
 318            as .arch ... in the asm output at the same time.  */
 319         if (avr_mcu == &default_mcu || avr_mcu->mach == mcu_types[i].mach)
 320           avr_mcu = &mcu_types[i];
 321         else
 322           as_fatal (_("redefinition of mcu type `%s' to `%s'"),
 323                     avr_mcu->name, mcu_types[i].name);
 324         return 1;
 325       }
 326     case OPTION_ALL_OPCODES:
 327       avr_opt.all_opcodes = 1;
 328       return 1;
 329     case OPTION_NO_SKIP_BUG:
 330       avr_opt.no_skip_bug = 1;
 331       return 1;
 332     case OPTION_NO_WRAP:
 333       avr_opt.no_wrap = 1;
 334       return 1;
 335     }
 336
 337   return 0;
 338 }
 339
 340 symbolS *
 341 md_undefined_symbol (name)
 342      char *name ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 343 {
 344   return 0;
 345 }
 346
 347 /* Turn a string in input_line_pointer into a floating point constant
 348    of type TYPE, and store the appropriate bytes in *LITP.  The number
 349    of LITTLENUMS emitted is stored in *SIZEP.  An error message is
 350    returned, or NULL on OK.  */
 351
 352 char *
 353 md_atof (type, litP, sizeP)
 354      int type;
 355      char *litP;
 356      int *sizeP;
 357 {
 358   int prec;
 359   LITTLENUM_TYPE words[4];
 360   LITTLENUM_TYPE *wordP;
 361   char *t;
 362
 363   switch (type)
 364     {
 365     case 'f':
 366       prec = 2;
 367       break;
 368     case 'd':
 369       prec = 4;
 370       break;
 371     default:
 372       *sizeP = 0;
 373       return _("bad call to md_atof");
 374     }
 375
 376   t = atof_ieee (input_line_pointer, type, words);
 377   if (t)
 378     input_line_pointer = t;
 379
 380   *sizeP = prec * sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
 381
 382   /* This loop outputs the LITTLENUMs in REVERSE order.  */
 383   for (wordP = words + prec - 1; prec--;)
 384     {
 385       md_number_to_chars (litP, (valueT) (*wordP--), sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE));
 386       litP += sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
 387     }
 388
 389   return NULL;
 390 }
 391
 392 void
 393 md_convert_frag (abfd, sec, fragP)
 394      bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 395      asection *sec ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 396      fragS *fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
 397 {
 398   abort ();
 399 }
 400
 401 void
 402 md_begin ()
 403 {
 404   unsigned int i;
 405   struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
 406   avr_hash = hash_new ();
 407
 408   /* Insert unique names into hash table.  This hash table then provides a
 409      quick index to the first opcode with a particular name in the opcode
 410      table.  */
 411   for (opcode = avr_opcodes; opcode->name; opcode++)
 412     hash_insert (avr_hash, opcode->name, (char *) opcode);
 413
 414   avr_mod_hash = hash_new ();
 415
 416   for (i = 0; i < sizeof (exp_mod) / sizeof (exp_mod[0]); ++i)
 417     hash_insert (avr_mod_hash, EXP_MOD_NAME (i), (void *) (i + 10));
 418
 419   bfd_set_arch_mach (stdoutput, TARGET_ARCH, avr_mcu->mach);
 420 }
 421
 422 /* Resolve STR as a constant expression and return the result.
 423    If result greater than MAX then error.  */
 424
 425 static unsigned int
 426 avr_get_constant (str, max)
 427      char *str;
 428      int max;
 429 {
 430   expressionS ex;
 431   str = skip_space (str);
 432   input_line_pointer = str;
 433   expression (&ex);
 434
 435   if (ex.X_op != O_constant)
 436     as_bad (_("constant value required"));
 437
 438   if (ex.X_add_number > max || ex.X_add_number < 0)
 439     as_bad (_("number must be less than %d"), max + 1);
 440
 441   return ex.X_add_number;
 442 }
 443
 444 /* Parse instruction operands.
 445    Return binary opcode.  */
 446
 447 static unsigned int
 448 avr_operands (opcode, line)
 449      struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
 450      char **line;
 451 {
 452   char *op = opcode->constraints;
 453   unsigned int bin = opcode->bin_opcode;
 454   char *frag = frag_more (opcode->insn_size * 2);
 455   char *str = *line;
 456   int where = frag - frag_now->fr_literal;
 457   static unsigned int prev = 0;  /* Previous opcode.  */
 458
 459   /* Opcode have operands.  */
 460   if (*op)
 461     {
 462       unsigned int reg1 = 0;
 463       unsigned int reg2 = 0;
 464       int reg1_present = 0;
 465       int reg2_present = 0;
 466
 467       /* Parse first operand.  */
 468       if (REGISTER_P (*op))
 469         reg1_present = 1;
 470       reg1 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
 471       ++op;
 472
 473       /* Parse second operand.  */
 474       if (*op)
 475         {
 476           if (*op == ',')
 477             ++op;
 478
 479           if (*op == '=')
 480             {
 481               reg2 = reg1;
 482               reg2_present = 1;
 483             }
 484           else
 485             {
 486               if (REGISTER_P (*op))
 487                 reg2_present = 1;
 488
 489               str = skip_space (str);
 490               if (*str++ != ',')
 491                 as_bad (_("`,' required"));
 492               str = skip_space (str);
 493
 494               reg2 = avr_operand (opcode, where, op, &str);
 495
 496             }
 497
 498           if (reg1_present && reg2_present)
 499             reg2 = (reg2 & 0xf) | ((reg2 << 5) & 0x200);
 500           else if (reg2_present)
 501             reg2 <<= 4;
 502         }
 503       if (reg1_present)
 504         reg1 <<= 4;
 505       bin |= reg1 | reg2;
 506     }
 507
 508   if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes)
 509     {
 510       /* Detect undefined combinations (like ld r31,Z+).  */
 511       if (((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91AD) || ((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91AE) ||
 512           ((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91C9) || ((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91CA) ||
 513           ((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91E1) || ((bin & 0xFDEF) == 0x91E2) ||
 514           ((bin & 0xFFED) == 0x91E5))
 515         as_warn (_("undefined combination of operands"));
 516     }
 517
 518   if (opcode->insn_size == 2)
 519     {
 520       /* Warn if the previous opcode was cpse/sbic/sbis/sbrc/sbrs
 521          (AVR core bug, fixed in the newer devices).  */
 522
 523       if (!((avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_MUL) || avr_opt.no_skip_bug))
 524         {
 525           if ((prev & 0xFC00) == 0x1000
 526               || (prev & 0xFD00) == 0x9900
 527               || (prev & 0xFC08) == 0xFC00)
 528             as_warn (_("skipping two-word instruction"));
 529         }
 530
 531       bfd_putl32 ((bfd_vma) bin, frag);
 532     }
 533   else
 534     bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) bin, frag);
 535
 536   prev = bin;
 537   *line = str;
 538   return bin;
 539 }
 540
 541 /* Parse one instruction operand.
 542    Return operand bitmask.  Also fixups can be generated.  */
 543
 544 static unsigned int
 545 avr_operand (opcode, where, op, line)
 546      struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
 547      int where;
 548      char *op;
 549      char **line;
 550 {
 551   expressionS op_expr;
 552   unsigned int op_mask = 0;
 553   char *str = skip_space (*line);
 554
 555   switch (*op)
 556     {
 557       /* Any register operand.  */
 558     case 'w':
 559     case 'd':
 560     case 'r':
 561     case 'a':
 562     case 'v':
 563       op_mask = -1;
 564
 565       if (*str == 'r' || *str == 'R')
 566         {
 567           char r_name[20];
 568
 569           str = extract_word (str, r_name, sizeof (r_name));
 570           if (isdigit (r_name[1]))
 571             {
 572               if (r_name[2] == '\0')
 573                 op_mask = r_name[1] - '0';
 574               else if (r_name[1] != '0'
 575                        && isdigit (r_name[2])
 576                        && r_name[3] == '\0')
 577                 op_mask = (r_name[1] - '0') * 10 + r_name[2] - '0';
 578             }
 579         }
 580       else
 581         {
 582           op_mask = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
 583           str = input_line_pointer;
 584         }
 585
 586       if (op_mask <= 31)
 587         {
 588           switch (*op)
 589             {
 590             case 'a':
 591               if (op_mask < 16 || op_mask > 23)
 592                 as_bad (_("register r16-r23 required"));
 593               op_mask -= 16;
 594               break;
 595
 596             case 'd':
 597               if (op_mask < 16)
 598                 as_bad (_("register number above 15 required"));
 599               op_mask -= 16;
 600               break;
 601
 602             case 'v':
 603               if (op_mask & 1)
 604                 as_bad (_("even register number required"));
 605               op_mask >>= 1;
 606               break;
 607
 608             case 'w':
 609               op_mask -= 24;
 610               if (op_mask & 1 || op_mask > 6)
 611                 as_bad (_("register r24, r26, r28 or r30 required"));
 612               op_mask >>= 1;
 613               break;
 614             }
 615           break;
 616         }
 617       as_bad (_("register name or number from 0 to 31 required"));
 618       break;
 619
 620     case 'e':
 621       {
 622         char c;
 623
 624         if (*str == '-')
 625           {
 626             str = skip_space (str + 1);
 627             op_mask = 0x1002;
 628           }
 629         c = tolower (*str);
 630         if (c == 'x')
 631           op_mask |= 0x100c;
 632         else if (c == 'y')
 633           op_mask |= 0x8;
 634         else if (c != 'z')
 635           as_bad (_("pointer register (X, Y or Z) required"));
 636
 637         str = skip_space (str + 1);
 638         if (*str == '+')
 639           {
 640             ++str;
 641             if (op_mask & 2)
 642               as_bad (_("cannot both predecrement and postincrement"));
 643             op_mask |= 0x1001;
 644           }
 645
 646         /* avr1 can do "ld r,Z" and "st Z,r" but no other pointer
 647            registers, no predecrement, no postincrement.  */
 648         if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (op_mask & 0x100F)
 649             && !(avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_SRAM))
 650           as_bad (_("addressing mode not supported"));
 651       }
 652       break;
 653
 654     case 'z':
 655       if (*str == '-')
 656         as_bad (_("can't predecrement"));
 657
 658       if (! (*str == 'z' || *str == 'Z'))
 659         as_bad (_("pointer register Z required"));
 660
 661       str = skip_space (str + 1);
 662
 663       if (*str == '+')
 664         {
 665           ++str;
 666           op_mask |= 1;
 667         }
 668       break;
 669
 670     case 'b':
 671       {
 672         char c = tolower (*str++);
 673
 674         if (c == 'y')
 675           op_mask |= 0x8;
 676         else if (c != 'z')
 677           as_bad (_("pointer register (Y or Z) required"));
 678         str = skip_space (str);
 679         if (*str++ == '+')
 680           {
 681             unsigned int x;
 682             x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
 683             str = input_line_pointer;
 684             op_mask |= (x & 7) | ((x & (3 << 3)) << 7) | ((x & (1 << 5)) << 8);
 685           }
 686       }
 687       break;
 688
 689     case 'h':
 690       str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 691       fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 692                    &op_expr, false, BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL);
 693       break;
 694
 695     case 'L':
 696       str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 697       fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 698                    &op_expr, true, BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL);
 699       break;
 700
 701     case 'l':
 702       str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 703       fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 704                    &op_expr, true, BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL);
 705       break;
 706
 707     case 'i':
 708       str = parse_exp (str, &op_expr);
 709       fix_new_exp (frag_now, where + 2, opcode->insn_size * 2,
 710                    &op_expr, false, BFD_RELOC_16);
 711       break;
 712
 713     case 'M':
 714       {
 715         bfd_reloc_code_real_type r_type;
 716
 717         input_line_pointer = str;
 718         r_type = avr_ldi_expression (&op_expr);
 719         str = input_line_pointer;
 720         fix_new_exp (frag_now, where, 3,
 721                      &op_expr, false, r_type);
 722       }
 723       break;
 724
 725     case 'n':
 726       {
 727         unsigned int x;
 728
 729         x = ~avr_get_constant (str, 255);
 730         str = input_line_pointer;
 731         op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x << 4) & 0xf00);
 732       }
 733       break;
 734
 735     case 'K':
 736       {
 737         unsigned int x;
 738
 739         x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
 740         str = input_line_pointer;
 741         op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x & 0x30) << 2);
 742       }
 743       break;
 744
 745     case 'S':
 746     case 's':
 747       {
 748         unsigned int x;
 749
 750         x = avr_get_constant (str, 7);
 751         str = input_line_pointer;
 752         if (*op == 'S')
 753           x <<= 4;
 754         op_mask |= x;
 755       }
 756       break;
 757
 758     case 'P':
 759       {
 760         unsigned int x;
 761
 762         x = avr_get_constant (str, 63);
 763         str = input_line_pointer;
 764         op_mask |= (x & 0xf) | ((x & 0x30) << 5);
 765       }
 766       break;
 767
 768     case 'p':
 769       {
 770         unsigned int x;
 771
 772         x = avr_get_constant (str, 31);
 773         str = input_line_pointer;
 774         op_mask |= x << 3;
 775       }
 776       break;
 777
 778     case '?':
 779       break;
 780
 781     default:
 782       as_bad (_("unknown constraint `%c'"), *op);
 783     }
 784
 785   *line = str;
 786   return op_mask;
 787 }
 788
 789 /* GAS will call this function for each section at the end of the assembly,
 790    to permit the CPU backend to adjust the alignment of a section.  */
 791
 792 valueT
 793 md_section_align (seg, addr)
 794      asection *seg;
 795      valueT addr;
 796 {
 797   int align = bfd_get_section_alignment (stdoutput, seg);
 798   return ((addr + (1 << align) - 1) & (-1 << align));
 799 }
 800
 801 /* If you define this macro, it should return the offset between the
 802    address of a PC relative fixup and the position from which the PC
 803    relative adjustment should be made.  On many processors, the base
 804    of a PC relative instruction is the next instruction, so this
 805    macro would return the length of an instruction.  */
 806
 807 long
 808 md_pcrel_from_section (fixp, sec)
 809      fixS *fixp;
 810      segT sec;
 811 {
 812   if (fixp->fx_addsy != (symbolS *) NULL
 813       && (!S_IS_DEFINED (fixp->fx_addsy)
 814           || (S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy) != sec)))
 815     return 0;
 816
 817   return fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
 818 }
 819
 820 /* GAS will call this for each fixup.  It should store the correct
 821    value in the object file.  */
 822
 823 int
 824 md_apply_fix3 (fixp, valuep, seg)
 825      fixS *fixp;
 826      valueT *valuep;
 827      segT seg;
 828 {
 829   unsigned char *where;
 830   unsigned long insn;
 831   long value;
 832
 833   if (fixp->fx_addsy == (symbolS *) NULL)
 834     {
 835       value = *valuep;
 836       fixp->fx_done = 1;
 837     }
 838   else if (fixp->fx_pcrel)
 839     {
 840       segT s = S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_addsy);
 841
 842       if (fixp->fx_addsy && (s == seg || s == absolute_section))
 843         {
 844           value = S_GET_VALUE (fixp->fx_addsy) + *valuep;
 845           fixp->fx_done = 1;
 846         }
 847       else
 848         value = *valuep;
 849     }
 850   else
 851     {
 852       value = fixp->fx_offset;
 853
 854       if (fixp->fx_subsy != (symbolS *) NULL)
 855         {
 856           if (S_GET_SEGMENT (fixp->fx_subsy) == absolute_section)
 857             {
 858               value -= S_GET_VALUE (fixp->fx_subsy);
 859               fixp->fx_done = 1;
 860             }
 861           else
 862             {
 863               /* We don't actually support subtracting a symbol.  */
 864               as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 865                             _("expression too complex"));
 866             }
 867         }
 868     }
 869
 870   switch (fixp->fx_r_type)
 871     {
 872     default:
 873       fixp->fx_no_overflow = 1;
 874       break;
 875     case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
 876     case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
 877     case BFD_RELOC_32:
 878     case BFD_RELOC_16:
 879     case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
 880       break;
 881     }
 882
 883   if (fixp->fx_done)
 884     {
 885       /* Fetch the instruction, insert the fully resolved operand
 886          value, and stuff the instruction back again.  */
 887       where = fixp->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixp->fx_where;
 888       insn = bfd_getl16 (where);
 889
 890       switch (fixp->fx_r_type)
 891         {
 892         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_7_PCREL:
 893           if (value & 1)
 894             as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 895                           _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
 896
 897           /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1.  */
 898           value >>= 1;
 899           --value;                      /* Correct PC.  */
 900
 901           if (value < -64 || value > 63)
 902             as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 903                           _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
 904           value = (value << 3) & 0x3f8;
 905           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
 906           break;
 907
 908         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_13_PCREL:
 909           if (value & 1)
 910             as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 911                           _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
 912
 913           /* Instruction addresses are always right-shifted by 1.  */
 914           value >>= 1;
 915           --value;                      /* Correct PC.  */
 916
 917           if (value < -2048 || value > 2047)
 918             {
 919               /* No wrap for devices with >8K of program memory.  */
 920               if ((avr_mcu->isa & AVR_ISA_MEGA) || avr_opt.no_wrap)
 921                 as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
 922                               _("operand out of range: %ld"), value);
 923             }
 924
 925           value &= 0xfff;
 926           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value | insn), where);
 927           break;
 928
 929         case BFD_RELOC_32:
 930           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
 931           break;
 932
 933         case BFD_RELOC_16:
 934           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) value, where);
 935           break;
 936
 937         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM:
 938           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value >> 1), where);
 939           break;
 940
 941         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
 942           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value), where);
 943           break;
 944
 945         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
 946           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 16), where);
 947           break;
 948
 949         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
 950           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 8), where);
 951           break;
 952
 953         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
 954           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 24), where);
 955           break;
 956
 957         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI:
 958           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 16), where);
 959           break;
 960
 961         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
 962           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value), where);
 963           break;
 964
 965         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
 966           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 16), where);
 967           break;
 968
 969         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
 970           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 8), where);
 971           break;
 972
 973         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
 974           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 24), where);
 975           break;
 976
 977         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_NEG:
 978           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 16), where);
 979           break;
 980
 981         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM:
 982           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 1), where);
 983           break;
 984
 985         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM:
 986           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 9), where);
 987           break;
 988
 989         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM:
 990           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (value >> 17), where);
 991           break;
 992
 993         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_PM_NEG:
 994           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 1), where);
 995           break;
 996
 997         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_PM_NEG:
 998           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 9), where);
 999           break;
1000
1001         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_HH8_LDI_PM_NEG:
1002           bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) insn | LDI_IMMEDIATE (-value >> 17), where);
1003           break;
1004
1005         case BFD_RELOC_AVR_CALL:
1006           {
1007             unsigned long x;
1008
1009             x = bfd_getl16 (where);
1010             if (value & 1)
1011               as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1012                             _("odd address operand: %ld"), value);
1013             value >>= 1;
1014             x |= ((value & 0x10000) | ((value << 3) & 0x1f00000)) >> 16;
1015             bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) x, where);
1016             bfd_putl16 ((bfd_vma) (value & 0xffff), where + 2);
1017           }
1018           break;
1019
1020         default:
1021           as_fatal (_("line %d: unknown relocation type: 0x%x"),
1022                     fixp->fx_line, fixp->fx_r_type);
1023           break;
1024         }
1025     }
1026   else
1027     {
1028       switch (fixp->fx_r_type)
1029         {
1030         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI_NEG:
1031         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_HI8_LDI:
1032         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI_NEG:
1033         case -BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI:
1034           as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1035                         _("only constant expression allowed"));
1036           fixp->fx_done = 1;
1037           break;
1038         default:
1039           break;
1040         }
1041       fixp->fx_addnumber = value;
1042     }
1043   return 0;
1044 }
1045
1046 /* A `BFD_ASSEMBLER' GAS will call this to generate a reloc.  GAS
1047    will pass the resulting reloc to `bfd_install_relocation'.  This
1048    currently works poorly, as `bfd_install_relocation' often does the
1049    wrong thing, and instances of `tc_gen_reloc' have been written to
1050    work around the problems, which in turns makes it difficult to fix
1051    `bfd_install_relocation'.  */
1052
1053 /* If while processing a fixup, a reloc really needs to be created
1054    then it is done here.  */
1055
1056 arelent *
1057 tc_gen_reloc (seg, fixp)
1058      asection *seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
1059      fixS *fixp;
1060 {
1061   arelent *reloc;
1062
1063   reloc = (arelent *) xmalloc (sizeof (arelent));
1064
1065   reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = (asymbol **) xmalloc (sizeof (asymbol *));
1066   *reloc->sym_ptr_ptr = symbol_get_bfdsym (fixp->fx_addsy);
1067
1068   reloc->address = fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
1069   reloc->howto = bfd_reloc_type_lookup (stdoutput, fixp->fx_r_type);
1070   if (reloc->howto == (reloc_howto_type *) NULL)
1071     {
1072       as_bad_where (fixp->fx_file, fixp->fx_line,
1073                     _("reloc %d not supported by object file format"),
1074                     (int) fixp->fx_r_type);
1075       return NULL;
1076     }
1077
1078   if (fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
1079       || fixp->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY)
1080     reloc->address = fixp->fx_offset;
1081
1082   reloc->addend = fixp->fx_offset;
1083
1084   return reloc;
1085 }
1086
1087 void
1088 md_assemble (str)
1089      char *str;
1090 {
1091   struct avr_opcodes_s *opcode;
1092   char op[11];
1093
1094   str = skip_space (extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op)));
1095
1096   if (!op[0])
1097     as_bad (_("can't find opcode "));
1098
1099   opcode = (struct avr_opcodes_s *) hash_find (avr_hash, op);
1100
1101   if (opcode == NULL)
1102     {
1103       as_bad (_("unknown opcode `%s'"), op);
1104       return;
1105     }
1106
1107   /* Special case for opcodes with optional operands (lpm, elpm) -
1108      version with operands exists in avr_opcodes[] in the next entry.  */
1109
1110   if (*str && *opcode->constraints == '?')
1111     ++opcode;
1112
1113   if (!avr_opt.all_opcodes && (opcode->isa & avr_mcu->isa) != opcode->isa)
1114     as_bad (_("illegal opcode %s for mcu %s"), opcode->name, avr_mcu->name);
1115
1116   /* We used to set input_line_pointer to the result of get_operands,
1117      but that is wrong.  Our caller assumes we don't change it.  */
1118   {
1119     char *t = input_line_pointer;
1120     avr_operands (opcode, &str);
1121     if (*skip_space (str))
1122       as_bad (_("garbage at end of line"));
1123     input_line_pointer = t;
1124   }
1125 }
1126
1127 /* Parse ordinary expression.  */
1128
1129 static char *
1130 parse_exp (s, op)
1131      char *s;
1132      expressionS *op;
1133 {
1134   input_line_pointer = s;
1135   expression (op);
1136   if (op->X_op == O_absent)
1137     as_bad (_("missing operand"));
1138   return input_line_pointer;
1139 }
1140
1141 /* Parse special expressions (needed for LDI command):
1142    xx8 (address)
1143    xx8 (-address)
1144    pm_xx8 (address)
1145    pm_xx8 (-address)
1146    where xx is: hh, hi, lo.  */
1147
1148 static bfd_reloc_code_real_type
1149 avr_ldi_expression (exp)
1150      expressionS *exp;
1151 {
1152   char *str = input_line_pointer;
1153   char *tmp;
1154   char op[8];
1155   int mod;
1156   tmp = str;
1157
1158   str = extract_word (str, op, sizeof (op));
1159
1160   if (op[0])
1161     {
1162       mod = (int) hash_find (avr_mod_hash, op);
1163
1164       if (mod)
1165         {
1166           int closes = 0;
1167
1168           mod -= 10;
1169           str = skip_space (str);
1170
1171           if (*str == '(')
1172             {
1173               int neg_p = 0;
1174
1175               ++str;
1176
1177               if (strncmp ("pm(", str, 3) == 0
1178                   || strncmp ("-(pm(", str, 5) == 0)
1179                 {
1180                   if (HAVE_PM_P (mod))
1181                     {
1182                       ++mod;
1183                       ++closes;
1184                     }
1185                   else
1186                     as_bad (_("illegal expression"));
1187
1188                   if (*str == '-')
1189                     {
1190                       neg_p = 1;
1191                       ++closes;
1192                       str += 5;
1193                     }
1194                   else
1195                     str += 3;
1196                 }
1197
1198               if (*str == '-' && *(str + 1) == '(')
1199                 {
1200                   neg_p ^= 1;
1201                   ++closes;
1202                   str += 2;
1203                 }
1204
1205               input_line_pointer = str;
1206               expression (exp);
1207
1208               do
1209                 {
1210                   if (*input_line_pointer != ')')
1211                     {
1212                       as_bad (_("`)' required"));
1213                       break;
1214                     }
1215                   input_line_pointer++;
1216                 }
1217               while (closes--);
1218
1219               return neg_p ? EXP_MOD_NEG_RELOC (mod) : EXP_MOD_RELOC (mod);
1220             }
1221         }
1222     }
1223
1224   input_line_pointer = tmp;
1225   expression (exp);
1226
1227   /* Warn about expressions that fail to use lo8 ().  */
1228   if (exp->X_op == O_constant)
1229     {
1230       int x = exp->X_add_number;
1231       if (x < -255 || x > 255)
1232         as_warn (_("constant out of 8-bit range: %d"), x);
1233     }
1234   else
1235     as_warn (_("expression possibly out of 8-bit range"));
1236
1237   return BFD_RELOC_AVR_LO8_LDI;
1238 }
1239
1240 /* Flag to pass `pm' mode between `avr_parse_cons_expression' and
1241    `avr_cons_fix_new'.  */
1242 static int exp_mod_pm = 0;
1243
1244 /* Parse special CONS expression: pm (expression)
1245    which is used for addressing to a program memory.
1246    Relocation: BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM.  */
1247
1248 void
1249 avr_parse_cons_expression (exp, nbytes)
1250      expressionS *exp;
1251      int nbytes;
1252 {
1253   char *tmp;
1254
1255   exp_mod_pm = 0;
1256
1257   tmp = input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer);
1258
1259   if (nbytes == 2)
1260     {
1261       char *pm_name = "pm";
1262       int len = strlen (pm_name);
1263
1264       if (strncasecmp (input_line_pointer, pm_name, len) == 0)
1265         {
1266           input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + len);
1267
1268           if (*input_line_pointer == '(')
1269             {
1270               input_line_pointer = skip_space (input_line_pointer + 1);
1271               exp_mod_pm = 1;
1272               expression (exp);
1273
1274               if (*input_line_pointer == ')')
1275                 ++input_line_pointer;
1276               else
1277                 {
1278                   as_bad (_("`)' required"));
1279                   exp_mod_pm = 0;
1280                 }
1281
1282               return;
1283             }
1284
1285           input_line_pointer = tmp;
1286         }
1287     }
1288
1289   expression (exp);
1290 }
1291
1292 void
1293 avr_cons_fix_new (frag, where, nbytes, exp)
1294      fragS *frag;
1295      int where;
1296      int nbytes;
1297      expressionS *exp;
1298 {
1299   if (exp_mod_pm == 0)
1300     {
1301       if (nbytes == 2)
1302         fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, false, BFD_RELOC_16);
1303       else if (nbytes == 4)
1304         fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, false, BFD_RELOC_32);
1305       else
1306         as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "", nbytes);
1307     }
1308   else
1309     {
1310       if (nbytes == 2)
1311         fix_new_exp (frag, where, nbytes, exp, false, BFD_RELOC_AVR_16_PM);
1312       else
1313         as_bad (_("illegal %srelocation size: %d"), "`pm' ", nbytes);
1314       exp_mod_pm = 0;
1315     }
1316 }