bfd/
[deliverable/binutils-gdb.git] / gas / config / tc-i386.h
1 /* tc-i386.h -- Header file for tc-i386.c
2 Copyright 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
3 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5
6 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
7
8 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
11 any later version.
12
13 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 GNU General Public License for more details.
17
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
20 Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
21 02110-1301, USA. */
22
23 #ifndef TC_I386
24 #define TC_I386 1
25
26 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
27 #error So, do you know what you are doing?
28 #endif
29
30 struct fix;
31
32 #define TARGET_BYTES_BIG_ENDIAN 0
33
34 #define TARGET_ARCH bfd_arch_i386
35 #define TARGET_MACH (i386_mach ())
36 extern unsigned long i386_mach (void);
37
38 #ifdef TE_FreeBSD
39 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386-freebsd"
40 #endif
41 #ifdef TE_NetBSD
42 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386-netbsd"
43 #endif
44 #ifdef TE_386BSD
45 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386-bsd"
46 #endif
47 #ifdef TE_LINUX
48 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386-linux"
49 #endif
50 #ifdef TE_Mach
51 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-mach3"
52 #endif
53 #ifdef TE_DYNIX
54 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386-dynix"
55 #endif
56 #ifndef AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT
57 #define AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT "a.out-i386"
58 #endif
59
60 #ifdef TE_FreeBSD
61 #define ELF_TARGET_FORMAT "elf32-i386-freebsd"
62 #elif defined (TE_VXWORKS)
63 #define ELF_TARGET_FORMAT "elf32-i386-vxworks"
64 #endif
65
66 #ifndef ELF_TARGET_FORMAT
67 #define ELF_TARGET_FORMAT "elf32-i386"
68 #endif
69
70 #if ((defined (OBJ_MAYBE_COFF) && defined (OBJ_MAYBE_AOUT)) \
71 || defined (OBJ_ELF) || defined (OBJ_MAYBE_ELF))
72 extern const char *i386_target_format PARAMS ((void));
73 #define TARGET_FORMAT i386_target_format ()
74 #else
75 #ifdef OBJ_ELF
76 #define TARGET_FORMAT ELF_TARGET_FORMAT
77 #endif
78 #ifdef OBJ_AOUT
79 #define TARGET_FORMAT AOUT_TARGET_FORMAT
80 #endif
81 #endif
82
83 #if (defined (OBJ_MAYBE_ELF) || defined (OBJ_ELF))
84 #define md_end i386_elf_emit_arch_note
85 extern void i386_elf_emit_arch_note PARAMS ((void));
86 #endif
87
88 #define SUB_SEGMENT_ALIGN(SEG, FRCHAIN) 0
89
90 #define LOCAL_LABELS_FB 1
91
92 extern const char extra_symbol_chars[];
93 #define tc_symbol_chars extra_symbol_chars
94
95 #define MAX_OPERANDS 3 /* max operands per insn */
96 #define MAX_IMMEDIATE_OPERANDS 2/* max immediates per insn (lcall, ljmp) */
97 #define MAX_MEMORY_OPERANDS 2 /* max memory refs per insn (string ops) */
98
99 /* Prefixes will be emitted in the order defined below.
100 WAIT_PREFIX must be the first prefix since FWAIT is really is an
101 instruction, and so must come before any prefixes. */
102 #define WAIT_PREFIX 0
103 #define LOCKREP_PREFIX 1
104 #define ADDR_PREFIX 2
105 #define DATA_PREFIX 3
106 #define SEG_PREFIX 4
107 #define REX_PREFIX 5 /* must come last. */
108 #define MAX_PREFIXES 6 /* max prefixes per opcode */
109
110 /* we define the syntax here (modulo base,index,scale syntax) */
111 #define REGISTER_PREFIX '%'
112 #define IMMEDIATE_PREFIX '$'
113 #define ABSOLUTE_PREFIX '*'
114
115 #define TWO_BYTE_OPCODE_ESCAPE 0x0f
116 #define NOP_OPCODE (char) 0x90
117
118 /* register numbers */
119 #define EBP_REG_NUM 5
120 #define ESP_REG_NUM 4
121
122 /* modrm_byte.regmem for twobyte escape */
123 #define ESCAPE_TO_TWO_BYTE_ADDRESSING ESP_REG_NUM
124 /* index_base_byte.index for no index register addressing */
125 #define NO_INDEX_REGISTER ESP_REG_NUM
126 /* index_base_byte.base for no base register addressing */
127 #define NO_BASE_REGISTER EBP_REG_NUM
128 #define NO_BASE_REGISTER_16 6
129
130 /* these are the instruction mnemonic suffixes. */
131 #define WORD_MNEM_SUFFIX 'w'
132 #define BYTE_MNEM_SUFFIX 'b'
133 #define SHORT_MNEM_SUFFIX 's'
134 #define LONG_MNEM_SUFFIX 'l'
135 #define QWORD_MNEM_SUFFIX 'q'
136 /* Intel Syntax */
137 #define LONG_DOUBLE_MNEM_SUFFIX 'x'
138
139 /* modrm.mode = REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_REG when a register is in there */
140 #define REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_REG 0x3/* always = 0x3 */
141 #define REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_MEM (~REGMEM_FIELD_HAS_REG)
142
143 #define END_OF_INSN '\0'
144
145 typedef struct
146 {
147 /* instruction name sans width suffix ("mov" for movl insns) */
148 char *name;
149
150 /* how many operands */
151 unsigned int operands;
152
153 /* base_opcode is the fundamental opcode byte without optional
154 prefix(es). */
155 unsigned int base_opcode;
156
157 /* extension_opcode is the 3 bit extension for group <n> insns.
158 This field is also used to store the 8-bit opcode suffix for the
159 AMD 3DNow! instructions.
160 If this template has no extension opcode (the usual case) use None */
161 unsigned int extension_opcode;
162 #define None 0xffff /* If no extension_opcode is possible. */
163
164 /* cpu feature flags */
165 unsigned int cpu_flags;
166 #define Cpu086 0x1 /* Any old cpu will do, 0 does the same */
167 #define Cpu186 0x2 /* i186 or better required */
168 #define Cpu286 0x4 /* i286 or better required */
169 #define Cpu386 0x8 /* i386 or better required */
170 #define Cpu486 0x10 /* i486 or better required */
171 #define Cpu586 0x20 /* i585 or better required */
172 #define Cpu686 0x40 /* i686 or better required */
173 #define CpuP4 0x80 /* Pentium4 or better required */
174 #define CpuK6 0x100 /* AMD K6 or better required*/
175 #define CpuAthlon 0x200 /* AMD Athlon or better required*/
176 #define CpuSledgehammer 0x400 /* Sledgehammer or better required */
177 #define CpuMMX 0x800 /* MMX support required */
178 #define CpuMMX2 0x1000 /* extended MMX support (with SSE or 3DNow!Ext) required */
179 #define CpuSSE 0x2000 /* Streaming SIMD extensions required */
180 #define CpuSSE2 0x4000 /* Streaming SIMD extensions 2 required */
181 #define Cpu3dnow 0x8000 /* 3dnow! support required */
182 #define Cpu3dnowA 0x10000 /* 3dnow!Extensions support required */
183 #define CpuSSE3 0x20000 /* Streaming SIMD extensions 3 required */
184 #define CpuPNI CpuSSE3 /* Prescott New Instructions required */
185 #define CpuPadLock 0x40000 /* VIA PadLock required */
186 #define CpuSVME 0x80000 /* AMD Secure Virtual Machine Ext-s required */
187 #define CpuVMX 0x100000 /* VMX Instructions required */
188
189 /* These flags are set by gas depending on the flag_code. */
190 #define Cpu64 0x4000000 /* 64bit support required */
191 #define CpuNo64 0x8000000 /* Not supported in the 64bit mode */
192
193 /* The default value for unknown CPUs - enable all features to avoid problems. */
194 #define CpuUnknownFlags (Cpu086|Cpu186|Cpu286|Cpu386|Cpu486|Cpu586|Cpu686 \
195 |CpuP4|CpuSledgehammer|CpuMMX|CpuMMX2|CpuSSE|CpuSSE2|CpuPNI|CpuVMX \
196 |Cpu3dnow|Cpu3dnowA|CpuK6|CpuAthlon|CpuPadLock|CpuSVME)
197
198 /* the bits in opcode_modifier are used to generate the final opcode from
199 the base_opcode. These bits also are used to detect alternate forms of
200 the same instruction */
201 unsigned int opcode_modifier;
202
203 /* opcode_modifier bits: */
204 #define W 0x1 /* set if operands can be words or dwords
205 encoded the canonical way */
206 #define D 0x2 /* D = 0 if Reg --> Regmem;
207 D = 1 if Regmem --> Reg: MUST BE 0x2 */
208 #define Modrm 0x4
209 #define FloatR 0x8 /* src/dest swap for floats: MUST BE 0x8 */
210 #define ShortForm 0x10 /* register is in low 3 bits of opcode */
211 #define FloatMF 0x20 /* FP insn memory format bit, sized by 0x4 */
212 #define Jump 0x40 /* special case for jump insns. */
213 #define JumpDword 0x80 /* call and jump */
214 #define JumpByte 0x100 /* loop and jecxz */
215 #define JumpInterSegment 0x200 /* special case for intersegment leaps/calls */
216 #define FloatD 0x400 /* direction for float insns: MUST BE 0x400 */
217 #define Seg2ShortForm 0x800 /* encoding of load segment reg insns */
218 #define Seg3ShortForm 0x1000 /* fs/gs segment register insns. */
219 #define Size16 0x2000 /* needs size prefix if in 32-bit mode */
220 #define Size32 0x4000 /* needs size prefix if in 16-bit mode */
221 #define Size64 0x8000 /* needs size prefix if in 16-bit mode */
222 #define IgnoreSize 0x10000 /* instruction ignores operand size prefix */
223 #define DefaultSize 0x20000 /* default insn size depends on mode */
224 #define No_bSuf 0x40000 /* b suffix on instruction illegal */
225 #define No_wSuf 0x80000 /* w suffix on instruction illegal */
226 #define No_lSuf 0x100000 /* l suffix on instruction illegal */
227 #define No_sSuf 0x200000 /* s suffix on instruction illegal */
228 #define No_qSuf 0x400000 /* q suffix on instruction illegal */
229 #define No_xSuf 0x800000 /* x suffix on instruction illegal */
230 #define FWait 0x1000000 /* instruction needs FWAIT */
231 #define IsString 0x2000000 /* quick test for string instructions */
232 #define regKludge 0x4000000 /* fake an extra reg operand for clr, imul */
233 #define IsPrefix 0x8000000 /* opcode is a prefix */
234 #define ImmExt 0x10000000 /* instruction has extension in 8 bit imm */
235 #define NoRex64 0x20000000 /* instruction don't need Rex64 prefix. */
236 #define Rex64 0x40000000 /* instruction require Rex64 prefix. */
237 #define Ugh 0x80000000 /* deprecated fp insn, gets a warning */
238
239 /* operand_types[i] describes the type of operand i. This is made
240 by OR'ing together all of the possible type masks. (e.g.
241 'operand_types[i] = Reg|Imm' specifies that operand i can be
242 either a register or an immediate operand. */
243 unsigned int operand_types[3];
244
245 /* operand_types[i] bits */
246 /* register */
247 #define Reg8 0x1 /* 8 bit reg */
248 #define Reg16 0x2 /* 16 bit reg */
249 #define Reg32 0x4 /* 32 bit reg */
250 #define Reg64 0x8 /* 64 bit reg */
251 /* immediate */
252 #define Imm8 0x10 /* 8 bit immediate */
253 #define Imm8S 0x20 /* 8 bit immediate sign extended */
254 #define Imm16 0x40 /* 16 bit immediate */
255 #define Imm32 0x80 /* 32 bit immediate */
256 #define Imm32S 0x100 /* 32 bit immediate sign extended */
257 #define Imm64 0x200 /* 64 bit immediate */
258 #define Imm1 0x400 /* 1 bit immediate */
259 /* memory */
260 #define BaseIndex 0x800
261 /* Disp8,16,32 are used in different ways, depending on the
262 instruction. For jumps, they specify the size of the PC relative
263 displacement, for baseindex type instructions, they specify the
264 size of the offset relative to the base register, and for memory
265 offset instructions such as `mov 1234,%al' they specify the size of
266 the offset relative to the segment base. */
267 #define Disp8 0x1000 /* 8 bit displacement */
268 #define Disp16 0x2000 /* 16 bit displacement */
269 #define Disp32 0x4000 /* 32 bit displacement */
270 #define Disp32S 0x8000 /* 32 bit signed displacement */
271 #define Disp64 0x10000 /* 64 bit displacement */
272 /* specials */
273 #define InOutPortReg 0x20000 /* register to hold in/out port addr = dx */
274 #define ShiftCount 0x40000 /* register to hold shift cound = cl */
275 #define Control 0x80000 /* Control register */
276 #define Debug 0x100000 /* Debug register */
277 #define Test 0x200000 /* Test register */
278 #define FloatReg 0x400000 /* Float register */
279 #define FloatAcc 0x800000 /* Float stack top %st(0) */
280 #define SReg2 0x1000000 /* 2 bit segment register */
281 #define SReg3 0x2000000 /* 3 bit segment register */
282 #define Acc 0x4000000 /* Accumulator %al or %ax or %eax */
283 #define JumpAbsolute 0x8000000
284 #define RegMMX 0x10000000 /* MMX register */
285 #define RegXMM 0x20000000 /* XMM registers in PIII */
286 #define EsSeg 0x40000000 /* String insn operand with fixed es segment */
287
288 /* InvMem is for instructions with a modrm byte that only allow a
289 general register encoding in the i.tm.mode and i.tm.regmem fields,
290 eg. control reg moves. They really ought to support a memory form,
291 but don't, so we add an InvMem flag to the register operand to
292 indicate that it should be encoded in the i.tm.regmem field. */
293 #define InvMem 0x80000000
294
295 #define Reg (Reg8|Reg16|Reg32|Reg64) /* gen'l register */
296 #define WordReg (Reg16|Reg32|Reg64)
297 #define ImplicitRegister (InOutPortReg|ShiftCount|Acc|FloatAcc)
298 #define Imm (Imm8|Imm8S|Imm16|Imm32S|Imm32|Imm64) /* gen'l immediate */
299 #define EncImm (Imm8|Imm16|Imm32|Imm32S) /* Encodable gen'l immediate */
300 #define Disp (Disp8|Disp16|Disp32|Disp32S|Disp64) /* General displacement */
301 #define AnyMem (Disp8|Disp16|Disp32|Disp32S|BaseIndex|InvMem) /* General memory */
302 /* The following aliases are defined because the opcode table
303 carefully specifies the allowed memory types for each instruction.
304 At the moment we can only tell a memory reference size by the
305 instruction suffix, so there's not much point in defining Mem8,
306 Mem16, Mem32 and Mem64 opcode modifiers - We might as well just use
307 the suffix directly to check memory operands. */
308 #define LLongMem AnyMem /* 64 bits (or more) */
309 #define LongMem AnyMem /* 32 bit memory ref */
310 #define ShortMem AnyMem /* 16 bit memory ref */
311 #define WordMem AnyMem /* 16 or 32 bit memory ref */
312 #define ByteMem AnyMem /* 8 bit memory ref */
313 }
314 template;
315
316 /*
317 'templates' is for grouping together 'template' structures for opcodes
318 of the same name. This is only used for storing the insns in the grand
319 ole hash table of insns.
320 The templates themselves start at START and range up to (but not including)
321 END.
322 */
323 typedef struct
324 {
325 const template *start;
326 const template *end;
327 }
328 templates;
329
330 /* these are for register name --> number & type hash lookup */
331 typedef struct
332 {
333 char *reg_name;
334 unsigned int reg_type;
335 unsigned int reg_flags;
336 #define RegRex 0x1 /* Extended register. */
337 #define RegRex64 0x2 /* Extended 8 bit register. */
338 unsigned int reg_num;
339 }
340 reg_entry;
341
342 typedef struct
343 {
344 char *seg_name;
345 unsigned int seg_prefix;
346 }
347 seg_entry;
348
349 /* 386 operand encoding bytes: see 386 book for details of this. */
350 typedef struct
351 {
352 unsigned int regmem; /* codes register or memory operand */
353 unsigned int reg; /* codes register operand (or extended opcode) */
354 unsigned int mode; /* how to interpret regmem & reg */
355 }
356 modrm_byte;
357
358 /* x86-64 extension prefix. */
359 typedef int rex_byte;
360 #define REX_OPCODE 0x40
361
362 /* Indicates 64 bit operand size. */
363 #define REX_MODE64 8
364 /* High extension to reg field of modrm byte. */
365 #define REX_EXTX 4
366 /* High extension to SIB index field. */
367 #define REX_EXTY 2
368 /* High extension to base field of modrm or SIB, or reg field of opcode. */
369 #define REX_EXTZ 1
370
371 /* 386 opcode byte to code indirect addressing. */
372 typedef struct
373 {
374 unsigned base;
375 unsigned index;
376 unsigned scale;
377 }
378 sib_byte;
379
380 /* x86 arch names and features */
381 typedef struct
382 {
383 const char *name; /* arch name */
384 unsigned int flags; /* cpu feature flags */
385 }
386 arch_entry;
387
388 /* The name of the global offset table generated by the compiler. Allow
389 this to be overridden if need be. */
390 #ifndef GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_NAME
391 #define GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_NAME "_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_"
392 #endif
393
394 #if (defined (OBJ_ELF) || defined (OBJ_MAYBE_ELF)) && !defined (LEX_AT)
395 #define TC_PARSE_CONS_EXPRESSION(EXP, NBYTES) x86_cons (EXP, NBYTES)
396 extern void x86_cons PARAMS ((expressionS *, int));
397
398 #define TC_CONS_FIX_NEW(FRAG,OFF,LEN,EXP) x86_cons_fix_new(FRAG, OFF, LEN, EXP)
399 extern void x86_cons_fix_new
400 PARAMS ((fragS *, unsigned int, unsigned int, expressionS *));
401 #endif
402
403 #ifdef TE_PE
404 #define TC_CONS_FIX_NEW(FRAG,OFF,LEN,EXP) x86_pe_cons_fix_new(FRAG, OFF, LEN, EXP)
405 extern void x86_pe_cons_fix_new
406 PARAMS ((fragS *, unsigned int, unsigned int, expressionS *));
407 #endif
408
409 #define DIFF_EXPR_OK /* foo-. gets turned into PC relative relocs */
410
411 #define NO_RELOC BFD_RELOC_NONE
412
413 void i386_validate_fix PARAMS ((struct fix *));
414 #define TC_VALIDATE_FIX(FIX,SEGTYPE,SKIP) i386_validate_fix(FIX)
415
416 #define tc_fix_adjustable(X) tc_i386_fix_adjustable(X)
417 extern int tc_i386_fix_adjustable PARAMS ((struct fix *));
418
419 /* Values passed to md_apply_fix don't include the symbol value. */
420 #define MD_APPLY_SYM_VALUE(FIX) 0
421
422 /* ELF wants external syms kept, as does PE COFF. */
423 #if defined (TE_PE) && defined (STRICT_PE_FORMAT)
424 #define EXTERN_FORCE_RELOC \
425 (OUTPUT_FLAVOR == bfd_target_elf_flavour \
426 || OUTPUT_FLAVOR == bfd_target_coff_flavour)
427 #else
428 #define EXTERN_FORCE_RELOC \
429 (OUTPUT_FLAVOR == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
430 #endif
431
432 /* This expression evaluates to true if the relocation is for a local
433 object for which we still want to do the relocation at runtime.
434 False if we are willing to perform this relocation while building
435 the .o file. GOTOFF does not need to be checked here because it is
436 not pcrel. I am not sure if some of the others are ever used with
437 pcrel, but it is easier to be safe than sorry. */
438
439 #define TC_FORCE_RELOCATION_LOCAL(FIX) \
440 (!(FIX)->fx_pcrel \
441 || (FIX)->fx_plt \
442 || (FIX)->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_386_PLT32 \
443 || (FIX)->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_386_GOT32 \
444 || (FIX)->fx_r_type == BFD_RELOC_386_GOTPC \
445 || TC_FORCE_RELOCATION (FIX))
446
447 #define md_operand(x)
448
449 extern const struct relax_type md_relax_table[];
450 #define TC_GENERIC_RELAX_TABLE md_relax_table
451
452 extern int optimize_align_code;
453
454 #define md_do_align(n, fill, len, max, around) \
455 if ((n) \
456 && !need_pass_2 \
457 && optimize_align_code \
458 && (!(fill) \
459 || ((char)*(fill) == (char)0x90 && (len) == 1)) \
460 && subseg_text_p (now_seg)) \
461 { \
462 frag_align_code ((n), (max)); \
463 goto around; \
464 }
465
466 #define MAX_MEM_FOR_RS_ALIGN_CODE 15
467
468 extern void i386_align_code PARAMS ((fragS *, int));
469
470 #define HANDLE_ALIGN(fragP) \
471 if (fragP->fr_type == rs_align_code) \
472 i386_align_code (fragP, (fragP->fr_next->fr_address \
473 - fragP->fr_address \
474 - fragP->fr_fix));
475
476 void i386_print_statistics PARAMS ((FILE *));
477 #define tc_print_statistics i386_print_statistics
478
479 #define md_number_to_chars number_to_chars_littleendian
480
481 #ifdef SCO_ELF
482 #define tc_init_after_args() sco_id ()
483 extern void sco_id PARAMS ((void));
484 #endif
485
486 /* We want .cfi_* pseudo-ops for generating unwind info. */
487 #define TARGET_USE_CFIPOP 1
488
489 extern unsigned int x86_dwarf2_return_column;
490 #define DWARF2_DEFAULT_RETURN_COLUMN x86_dwarf2_return_column
491
492 extern int x86_cie_data_alignment;
493 #define DWARF2_CIE_DATA_ALIGNMENT x86_cie_data_alignment
494
495 #define tc_regname_to_dw2regnum tc_x86_regname_to_dw2regnum
496 extern int tc_x86_regname_to_dw2regnum PARAMS ((const char *regname));
497
498 #define tc_cfi_frame_initial_instructions tc_x86_frame_initial_instructions
499 extern void tc_x86_frame_initial_instructions PARAMS ((void));
500
501 #define md_elf_section_type(str,len) i386_elf_section_type (str, len)
502 extern int i386_elf_section_type PARAMS ((const char *, size_t len));
503
504 /* Support for SHF_X86_64_LARGE */
505 extern int x86_64_section_word PARAMS ((char *, size_t));
506 extern int x86_64_section_letter PARAMS ((int letter, char **ptr_msg));
507 #define md_elf_section_letter(LETTER, PTR_MSG) x86_64_section_letter (LETTER, PTR_MSG)
508 #define md_elf_section_word(STR, LEN) x86_64_section_word (STR, LEN)
509
510 #ifdef TE_PE
511
512 #define O_secrel O_md1
513
514 #define TC_DWARF2_EMIT_OFFSET tc_pe_dwarf2_emit_offset
515 void tc_pe_dwarf2_emit_offset (symbolS *, unsigned int);
516
517 #endif /* TE_PE */
518
519 #endif /* TC_I386 */
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