1 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% gdb-refcard.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
3 %This file is TeX source for a reference card describing GDB, the GNU debugger.
4 %Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 %Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
6 %this reference provided the copyright notices and permission notices
7 %are preserved on all copies.
9 %TeX markup is a programming language; accordingly this file is source
10 %for a program to generate a reference.
12 %This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
13 %it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
14 %the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
17 %This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
18 %WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 %MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
20 %General Public License for more details.
22 %You can find a copy of the GNU General Public License at the URL
23 %http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html; or write to the Free Software
24 %Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
26 %You can contact the maintainer at: doc@cygnus.com
28 % Documentation Department
30 % 1325 Chesapeake Terrace
31 % Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA
37 % 22-AUG-1993 Andreas Vogel
39 % Modifications made in order to handle different papersizes correctly.
40 % You only have to set the total width and height of the paper, the
41 % horizontal and vertical margin space measured from *paper edge*
42 % and the interline and interspec spacing.
43 % In order to support a new papersize, you have to fiddle with the
44 % latter four dimensions. Just try out a few values.
45 % All other values will be computed at process time so it should be
46 % quite easy to support different paper sizes - only four values to
49 % To find the configuration places, just search for the string
52 % Andreas Vogel (av@ssw.de)
56 % Uncomment the following `magnification' command if you want to print
57 % out in a larger font. Caution! You may need larger paper. You had
58 % best avoid using 3-column output if you try this. See the ``Three
59 % column format'' section below if you want to print in three column
62 %\magnification=\magstep 1
64 % NOTE ON INTENTIONAL OMISSIONS: This reference card includes most GDB
65 % commands, but due to space constraints there are some things I chose
66 % to omit. In general, not all synonyms for commands are covered, nor
67 % all variations of a command.
68 % The GDB-under-Emacs section omits gdb-mode functions without default
69 % keybindings. GDB startup options are not described.
70 % set print sevenbit-strings, set symbol-reloading omitted.
71 % printsyms, printpsyms, omitted since they're for GDB maintenance primarily
72 % share omitted due to obsolescence
73 % set check range/type omitted at least til code is in GDB.
75 %-------------------- Three column format -----------------------
77 %%%% --- To disable three column format, comment out this entire section
79 % Three-column format for landscape printing
81 %-------- Papersize defs:
83 \newdimen\totalwidth \newdimen\totalheight
84 \newdimen\hmargin \newdimen\vmargin
85 \newdimen\secskip \newdimen\lskip
86 \newdimen\barwidth \newdimen\barheight
87 \newdimen\intersecwidth
90 %% START CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS
91 %------- Papersize params:
92 %% US letter paper (8.5x11in)
94 \totalwidth=
11in
% total width of paper
95 \totalheight=
8.5in
% total height of paper
96 \hmargin=
.25in
% horizontal margin width
97 \vmargin=
.25in
% vertical margin width
98 \secskip=
1pc
% space between refcard secs
99 \lskip=
2pt
% extra skip between \sec entries
100 %------- end papersize params
102 %% change according to personal taste, not papersize dependent
104 \barwidth=
.1pt
% width of the cropmark bar
105 \barheight=
2pt
% height of the cropmark bar
106 \intersecwidth=
0.5em
% width between \itmwid and \dfnwid
108 %% END CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS
112 %% values to be computed - nothing to configure
114 \newdimen\fullhsize % width of area without margins
115 \newdimen\itmwid % width of item column
116 \newdimen\dfnwid % width of definition column
117 \newdimen\temp % only for temporary use
120 %% adjust the offsets so the margins are measured *from paper edge*
122 \hoffset=-
1in
\advance \hoffset by
\hmargin
123 \voffset=-
1in
\advance \voffset by
\vmargin
126 %% fullhsize = totalwidth - (2 * hmargin)
128 \fullhsize=
\totalwidth
129 \temp=
\hmargin \multiply \temp by
2 \advance \fullhsize by -
\temp
132 %% hsize = (fullhsize - (4 * hmargin) - (2 * barwidth)) / 3
135 \temp=
\hmargin \multiply \temp by
4 \advance \hsize by -
\temp
136 \temp=
\barwidth \multiply \temp by
2 \advance \hsize by -
\temp
140 %% vsize = totalheight - (2 * vmargin)
143 \temp=
\vmargin \multiply \temp by
2 \advance \vsize by -
\temp
146 %% itmwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 1/3
147 %% dfnwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 2/3
149 \temp=
\hsize \advance \temp by -
\intersecwidth \divide \temp by
3
151 \dfnwid=
\hsize \advance \dfnwid by -
\itmwid
153 %-------- end papersize defs
156 \def\fulline{\hbox to
\fullhsize}
157 \let\lcr=L
\newbox\leftcolumn\newbox\centercolumn
159 \global\setbox\leftcolumn=
\columnbox \global\let\lcr=C
162 \global\setbox\centercolumn=
\columnbox \global\let\lcr=R
163 \else \tripleformat \global\let\lcr=L
166 % \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi
170 %% START CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVE FOLDING GUIDES
172 %% For NO printed folding guide,
173 %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
175 %\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil\hskip\barwidth plus1fil\hskip\hmargin plus1fil}
177 %% For SOLID LINE folding guide,
178 %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
180 %\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil \vrule width \barwidth \hskip\hmargin plus1fil}
182 %% For SMALL MARKS NEAR TOP AND BOTTOM as folding guide,
183 %% comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
185 \def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil
186 \vbox to
\vsize{\hbox to
\barwidth{\vrule height
\barheight width
\barwidth}\vfill
187 \hbox to
\barwidth{\vrule height
\barheight width
\barwidth}}%THIS PERCENT SIGN IS ESSENTIAL
188 \hskip\hmargin plus1fil
}
191 %% END CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVES FOR FOLDING GUIDES
194 \def\tripleformat{\shipout\vbox{\fulline{\box\leftcolumn\vdecor
195 \box\centercolumn\vdecor
199 \def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
202 \if R
\lcr \null\vfill\eject\fi
205 %-------------------- end three column format -----------------------
207 %-------------------- Computer Modern font defs: --------------------
215 %-------------------- end font defs ---------------------------------
218 \hyphenpenalty=
5000\tolerance=
2000\raggedright\raggedbottom
219 \normalbaselineskip=
9pt
\baselineskip=
9pt
223 \footline=
{\vbox to0pt
{\hss}}
225 \def\ctl#1{{\tt C-
#1}}
226 \def\opt#1{{\brm[{\rm #1}]}}
227 \def\xtra#1{\noalign{\smallskip{\tt#1}}}
229 \long\def\sec#1;
#2\endsec{\vskip \secskip
232 \vtop{\hsize=
\itmwid\tt
233 ##
\par\vskip \lskip }\hfil
235 &
\vtop{\hsize=
\dfnwid\hangafter=
1\hangindent=
\intersecwidth
236 \rm ##
\par\vskip \lskip}\cr
237 %Tail of \long\def fills in halign body with \sec args:
238 \noalign{{\bbf #1}\vskip \lskip}
243 {\vbbf GDB QUICK REFERENCE
}\hfil{\smrm GDB Version
4}\qquad
245 \sec Essential Commands;
246 gdb
{\it program
} \opt{{\it core
}}&debug
{\it program
} \opt{using
247 coredump
{\it core
}}\cr
248 b
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it function
}&set breakpoint at
{\it function
} \opt{in
\it file
}\cr
249 run
\opt{{\it arglist
}}&start your program
\opt{with
{\it arglist
}}\cr
250 bt& backtrace: display program stack
\cr
251 p
{\it expr
}&display the value of an expression
\cr
252 c &continue running your program
\cr
253 n &next line, stepping over function calls
\cr
254 s &next line, stepping into function calls
\cr
258 gdb&start GDB, with no debugging files
\cr
259 gdb
{\it program
}&begin debugging
{\it program
}\cr
260 gdb
{\it program core
}&debug coredump
{\it core
} produced by
{\it
262 gdb --help&describe command line options
\cr
266 quit&exit GDB; also
{\tt q
} or
{\tt EOF
} (eg
\ctl{d
})
\cr
267 INTERRUPT&(eg
\ctl{c
}) terminate current command, or send to running process
\cr
271 help&list classes of commands
\cr
272 help
{\it class
}&one-line descriptions for commands in
{\it class
}\cr
273 help
{\it command
}&describe
{\it command
}\cr
276 \sec Executing your Program;
277 run
{\it arglist
}&start your program with
{\it arglist
}\cr
278 run&start your program with current argument list
\cr
279 run $
\ldots$ <
{\it inf
} >
{\it outf
}&start your program with input, output
282 kill&kill running program
\cr
284 tty
{\it dev
}&use
{\it dev
} as stdin and stdout for next
{\tt run
}\cr
285 set args
{\it arglist
}&specify
{\it arglist
} for next
287 set args&specify empty argument list
\cr
288 show args&display argument list
\cr
290 show env&show all environment variables
\cr
291 show env
{\it var
}&show value of environment variable
{\it var
}\cr
292 set env
{\it var
} {\it string
}&set environment variable
{\it var
}\cr
293 unset env
{\it var
}&remove
{\it var
} from environment
\cr
297 cd
{\it dir
}&change working directory to
{\it dir
}\cr
298 pwd&Print working directory
\cr
299 make $
\ldots$&call ``
{\tt make
}''
\cr
300 shell
{\it cmd
}&execute arbitrary shell command string
\cr
304 \line{\smrm \opt{ } surround optional arguments
\hfill $
\ldots$ show
305 one or more arguments
}
307 \centerline{\smrm \copyright 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
\qquad Permissions on back
}
309 \sec Breakpoints and Watchpoints;
310 break
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it line
}\par
311 b
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it line
}&set breakpoint at
{\it line
} number
\opt{in
\it file
}\par
312 eg:
\quad{\tt break main.c:
37}\quad\cr
313 break
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it func
}&set breakpoint at
{\it
314 func
} \opt{in
\it file
}\cr
315 break +
{\it offset
}\par
316 break -
{\it offset
}&set break at
{\it offset
} lines from current stop
\cr
317 break *
{\it addr
}&set breakpoint at address
{\it addr
}\cr
318 break&set breakpoint at next instruction
\cr
319 break $
\ldots$ if
{\it expr
}&break conditionally on nonzero
{\it expr
}\cr
320 cond
{\it n
} \opt{\it expr
}&new conditional expression on breakpoint
321 {\it n
}; make unconditional if no
{\it expr
}\cr
322 tbreak $
\ldots$&temporary break; disable when reached
\cr
323 rbreak
{\it regex
}&break on all functions matching
{\it regex
}\cr
324 watch
{\it expr
}&set a watchpoint for expression
{\it expr
}\cr
325 catch
{\it event
}&break at
{\it event
}, which may be
{\tt catch
},
{\tt throw
},
326 {\tt exec
},
{\tt fork
},
{\tt vfork
},
{\tt load
}, or
{\tt unload
}.
\cr
328 info break&show defined breakpoints
\cr
329 info watch&show defined watchpoints
\cr
331 clear&delete breakpoints at next instruction
\cr
332 clear
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it fun
}&delete breakpoints at entry to
{\it fun
}()
\cr
333 clear
\opt{\it file
\tt:
}{\it line
}&delete breakpoints on source line
\cr
334 delete
\opt{{\it n
}}&delete breakpoints
335 \opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}}\cr
337 disable
\opt{{\it n
}}&disable breakpoints
338 \opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}}
340 enable
\opt{{\it n
}}&enable breakpoints
341 \opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}}
343 enable once
\opt{{\it n
}}&enable breakpoints
\opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}};
344 disable again when reached
346 enable del
\opt{{\it n
}}&enable breakpoints
\opt{or breakpoint
{\it n
}};
350 ignore
{\it n
} {\it count
}&ignore breakpoint
{\it n
},
{\it count
}
354 \qquad \opt{\tt silent
}\par
355 \qquad {\it command-list
}&execute GDB
{\it command-list
} every time breakpoint
{\it n
} is reached.
\opt{{\tt silent
} suppresses default
357 end&end of
{\it command-list
}\cr
361 backtrace
\opt{\it n
}\par
362 bt
\opt{\it n
}&print trace of all frames in stack; or of
{\it n
}
363 frames---innermost if
{\it n
}{\tt >
0}, outermost if
{\it n
}{\tt <
0}\cr
364 frame
\opt{\it n
}&select frame number
{\it n
} or frame at address
{\it
365 n
}; if no
{\it n
}, display current frame
\cr
366 up
{\it n
}&select frame
{\it n
} frames up
\cr
367 down
{\it n
}&select frame
{\it n
} frames down
\cr
368 info frame
\opt{\it addr
}&describe selected frame, or frame at
370 info args&arguments of selected frame
\cr
371 info locals&local variables of selected frame
\cr
372 info reg
\opt{\it rn
}$
\ldots$
\par
373 info all-reg
\opt{\it rn
}®ister values
\opt{for regs
{\it rn\/
}} in
374 selected frame;
{\tt all-reg
} includes floating point
\cr
378 \sec Execution Control;
379 continue
\opt{\it count
}\par
380 c
\opt{\it count
}&continue running; if
{\it count
} specified, ignore
381 this breakpoint next
{\it count
} times
\cr
383 step
\opt{\it count
}\par
384 s
\opt{\it count
}&execute until another line reached; repeat
{\it count
} times if
386 stepi
\opt{\it count
}\par
387 si
\opt{\it count
}&step by machine instructions rather than source
390 next
\opt{\it count
}\par
391 n
\opt{\it count
}&execute next line, including any function calls
\cr
392 nexti
\opt{\it count
}\par
393 ni
\opt{\it count
}&next machine instruction rather than source
396 until
\opt{\it location
}&run until next instruction (or
{\it
398 finish&run until selected stack frame returns
\cr
399 return
\opt{\it expr
}&pop selected stack frame without executing
400 \opt{setting return value
}\cr
401 signal
{\it num
}&resume execution with signal
{\it s
} (none if
{\tt 0})
\cr
403 jump *
{\it address
}&resume execution at specified
{\it line
} number or
405 set var=
{\it expr
}&evaluate
{\it expr
} without displaying it; use for
406 altering program variables
\cr
410 print
\opt{\tt/
{\it f
}\/
} \opt{\it expr
}\par
411 p
\opt{\tt/
{\it f
}\/
} \opt{\it expr
}&show value of
{\it expr
} \opt{or
412 last value
\tt \$
} according to format
{\it f
}:
\cr
413 \qquad x&hexadecimal
\cr
414 \qquad d&signed decimal
\cr
415 \qquad u&unsigned decimal
\cr
418 \qquad a&address, absolute and relative
\cr
419 \qquad c&character
\cr
420 \qquad f&floating point
\cr
421 call
\opt{\tt /
{\it f
}\/
} {\it expr
}&like
{\tt print
} but does not display
423 x
\opt{\tt/
{\it Nuf
}\/
} {\it expr
}&examine memory at address
{\it expr
};
424 optional format spec follows slash
\cr
425 \quad {\it N
}&count of how many units to display
\cr
426 \quad {\it u
}&unit size; one of
\cr
427 &
{\tt\qquad b
}\ individual bytes
\cr
428 &
{\tt\qquad h
}\ halfwords (two bytes)
\cr
429 &
{\tt\qquad w
}\ words (four bytes)
\cr
430 &
{\tt\qquad g
}\ giant words (eight bytes)
\cr
431 \quad {\it f
}&printing format. Any
{\tt print
} format, or
\cr
432 &
{\tt\qquad s
}\ null-terminated string
\cr
433 &
{\tt\qquad i
}\ machine instructions
\cr
434 disassem
\opt{\it addr
}&display memory as machine instructions
\cr
437 \sec Automatic Display;
438 display
\opt{\tt/
\it f\/
} {\it expr
}&show value of
{\it expr
} each time
439 program stops
\opt{according to format
{\it f
}\/
}\cr
440 display&display all enabled expressions on list
\cr
441 undisplay
{\it n
}&remove number(s)
{\it n
} from list of
442 automatically displayed expressions
\cr
443 disable disp
{\it n
}&disable display for expression(s) number
{\it
445 enable disp
{\it n
}&enable display for expression(s) number
{\it
447 info display&numbered list of display expressions
\cr
453 {\it expr
}&an expression in C, C++, or Modula-
2 (including function calls), or:
\cr
454 {\it addr\/
}@
{\it len
}&an array of
{\it len
} elements beginning at
{\it
456 {\it file
}::
{\it nm
}&a variable or function
{\it nm
} defined in
{\it
458 $
\tt\
{$
{\it type
}$
\tt\
}$
{\it addr
}&read memory at
{\it addr
} as specified
460 \$&most recent displayed value
\cr
461 \$
{\it n
}&
{\it n
}th displayed value
\cr
462 \$\$&displayed value previous to \$
\cr
463 \$\$
{\it n
}&
{\it n
}th displayed value back from \$
\cr
464 \$
\_&last address examined with
{\tt x
}\cr
465 \$
\_\_&value at address \$
\_\cr
466 \$
{\it var
}&convenience variable; assign any value
\cr
468 show values
\opt{{\it n
}}&show last
10 values
\opt{or surrounding
470 show conv&display all convenience variables
\cr
474 info address
{\it s
}&show where symbol
{\it s
} is stored
\cr
475 info func
\opt{\it regex
}&show names, types of defined functions
476 (all, or matching
{\it regex
})
\cr
477 info var
\opt{\it regex
}&show names, types of global variables (all,
478 or matching
{\it regex
})
\cr
479 whatis
\opt{\it expr
}\par
480 ptype
\opt{\it expr
}&show data type of
{\it expr
} \opt{or
\tt \$
}
481 without evaluating;
{\tt ptype
} gives more detail
\cr
482 ptype
{\it type
}&describe type, struct, union, or enum
\cr
486 source
{\it script
}&read, execute GDB commands from file
{\it
490 \qquad {\it command-list
}&create new GDB command
{\it cmd
};
491 execute script defined by
{\it command-list
}\cr
492 end&end of
{\it command-list
}\cr
493 document {\it cmd
}\par
494 \qquad {\it help-text
}&create online documentation
495 for new GDB command
{\it cmd
}\cr
496 end&end of
{\it help-text
}\cr
500 handle
{\it signal
} {\it act
}&specify GDB actions for
{\it signal
}:
\cr
501 \quad print&announce signal
\cr
502 \quad noprint&be silent for signal
\cr
503 \quad stop&halt execution on signal
\cr
504 \quad nostop&do not halt execution
\cr
505 \quad pass&allow your program to handle signal
\cr
506 \quad nopass&do not allow your program to see signal
\cr
507 info signals&show table of signals, GDB action for each
\cr
510 \sec Debugging Targets;
511 target
{\it type
} {\it param
}&connect to target machine, process, or file
\cr
512 help target&display available targets
\cr
513 attach
{\it param
}&connect to another process
\cr
514 detach&release target from GDB control
\cr
518 \sec Controlling GDB;
519 set
{\it param
} {\it value
}&set one of GDB's internal parameters
\cr
520 show
{\it param
}&display current setting of parameter
\cr
521 \xtra{\rm Parameters understood by
{\tt set
} and
{\tt show
}:
}
522 \quad complaint
{\it limit
}&number of messages on unusual symbols
\cr
523 \quad confirm
{\it on/off
}&enable or disable cautionary queries
\cr
524 \quad editing
{\it on/off
}&control
{\tt readline
} command-line editing
\cr
525 \quad height
{\it lpp
}&number of lines before pause in display
\cr
526 \quad language
{\it lang
}&Language for GDB expressions (
{\tt auto
},
{\tt c
} or
528 \quad listsize
{\it n
}&number of lines shown by
{\tt list
}\cr
529 \quad prompt
{\it str
}&use
{\it str
} as GDB prompt
\cr
530 \quad radix
{\it base
}&octal, decimal, or hex number representation
\cr
531 \quad verbose
{\it on/off
}&control messages when loading
533 \quad width
{\it cpl
}&number of characters before line folded
\cr
534 \quad write
{\it on/off
}&Allow or forbid patching binary, core files
535 (when reopened with
{\tt exec
} or
{\tt core
})
537 \quad history $
\ldots$
\par
538 \quad h $
\ldots$&groups with the following options:
\cr
539 \quad h exp
{\it off/on
}&disable/enable
{\tt readline
} history expansion
\cr
540 \quad h file
{\it filename
}&file for recording GDB command history
\cr
541 \quad h size
{\it size
}&number of commands kept in history list
\cr
542 \quad h save
{\it off/on
}&control use of external file for
545 \quad print $
\ldots$
\par
546 \quad p $
\ldots$&groups with the following options:
\cr
547 \quad p address
{\it on/off
}&print memory addresses in stacks,
549 \quad p array
{\it off/on
}&compact or attractive format for
551 \quad p demangl
{\it on/off
}&source (demangled) or internal form for C++
553 \quad p asm-dem
{\it on/off
}&demangle C++ symbols in
554 machine-instruction output
\cr
555 \quad p elements
{\it limit
}&number of array elements to display
\cr
556 \quad p object
{\it on/off
}&print C++ derived types for objects
\cr
557 \quad p pretty
{\it off/on
}&struct display: compact or indented
\cr
558 \quad p union
{\it on/off
}&display of union members
\cr
559 \quad p vtbl
{\it off/on
}&display of C++ virtual function
562 show commands&show last
10 commands
\cr
563 show commands
{\it n
}&show
10 commands around number
{\it n
}\cr
564 show commands +&show next
10 commands
\cr
568 file
\opt{\it file
}&use
{\it file
} for both symbols and executable;
569 with no arg, discard both
\cr
570 core
\opt{\it file
}&read
{\it file
} as coredump; or discard
\cr
571 exec
\opt{\it file
}&use
{\it file
} as executable only; or discard
\cr
572 symbol
\opt{\it file
}&use symbol table from
{\it file
}; or discard
\cr
573 load
{\it file
}&dynamically link
{\it file\/
} and add its symbols
\cr
574 add-sym
{\it file
} {\it addr
}&read additional symbols from
{\it file
},
575 dynamically loaded at
{\it addr
}\cr
576 info files&display working files and targets in use
\cr
577 path
{\it dirs
}&add
{\it dirs
} to front of path searched for
578 executable and symbol files
\cr
579 show path&display executable and symbol file path
\cr
580 info share&list names of shared libraries currently loaded
\cr
585 dir
{\it names
}&add directory
{\it names
} to front of source path
\cr
586 dir&clear source path
\cr
587 show dir&show current source path
\cr
589 list&show next ten lines of source
\cr
590 list -&show previous ten lines
\cr
591 list
{\it lines
}&display source surrounding
{\it lines
},
593 \quad{\opt{\it file
\tt:
}\it num
}&line number
\opt{in named file
}\cr
594 \quad{\opt{\it file
\tt:
}\it function
}&beginning of function
\opt{in
596 \quad{\tt +
\it off
}&
{\it off
} lines after last printed
\cr
597 \quad{\tt -
\it off
}&
{\it off
} lines previous to last printed
\cr
598 \quad{\tt*
\it address
}&line containing
{\it address
}\cr
599 list
{\it f
},
{\it l
}&from line
{\it f
} to line
{\it l
}\cr
600 info line
{\it num
}&show starting, ending addresses of compiled code for
601 source line
{\it num
}\cr
602 info source&show name of current source file
\cr
603 info sources&list all source files in use
\cr
604 forw
{\it regex
}&search following source lines for
{\it regex
}\cr
605 rev
{\it regex
}&search preceding source lines for
{\it regex
}\cr
608 \sec GDB under GNU Emacs;
609 M-x gdb&run GDB under Emacs
\cr
610 \ctl{h
} m&describe GDB mode
\cr
611 M-s&step one line (
{\tt step
})
\cr
612 M-n&next line (
{\tt next
})
\cr
613 M-i&step one instruction (
{\tt stepi
})
\cr
614 \ctl{c
} \ctl{f
}&finish current stack frame (
{\tt finish
})
\cr
615 M-c&continue (
{\tt cont
})
\cr
616 M-u&up
{\it arg
} frames (
{\tt up
})
\cr
617 M-d&down
{\it arg
} frames (
{\tt down
})
\cr
618 \ctl{x
} \&© number from point, insert at end
\cr
619 \ctl{x
} SPC&(in source file) set break at point
\cr
623 show copying&Display GNU General Public License
\cr
624 show warranty&There is NO WARRANTY for GDB. Display full no-warranty
631 \centerline{Copyright
\copyright 1991, '
92, '
93, '
98 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
}
632 \centerline{Roland H. Pesch
}
633 \centerline{The author assumes no responsibility for any errors on this card.
}
635 This card may be freely distributed under the terms of the GNU
636 General Public License.
638 \centerline{Please contribute to development of this card by
639 annotating it. Improvements can be sent to bug-gdb@gnu.org.
}
641 GDB itself is free software; you are welcome to distribute copies of
642 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License. There is
643 absolutely no warranty for GDB.