gdb/fork-child.c

   1 /* Fork a Unix child process, and set up to debug it, for GDB.
   2
   3    Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999,
   4    2000, 2001, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   5
   6    Contributed by Cygnus Support.
   7
   8    This file is part of GDB.
   9
  10    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  11    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  12    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  13    (at your option) any later version.
  14
  15    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  16    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  17    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  18    GNU General Public License for more details.
  19
  20    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  21    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  22    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
  23    Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
  24
  25 #include "defs.h"
  26 #include "gdb_string.h"
  27 #include "frame.h"              /* required by inferior.h */
  28 #include "inferior.h"
  29 #include "target.h"
  30 #include "gdb_wait.h"
  31 #include "gdb_vfork.h"
  32 #include "gdbcore.h"
  33 #include "terminal.h"
  34 #include "gdbthread.h"
  35 #include "command.h" /* for dont_repeat () */
  36
  37 #include <signal.h>
  38
  39 /* This just gets used as a default if we can't find SHELL.  */
  40 #ifndef SHELL_FILE
  41 #define SHELL_FILE "/bin/sh"
  42 #endif
  43
  44 extern char **environ;
  45
  46 /* Break up SCRATCH into an argument vector suitable for passing to
  47    execvp and store it in ARGV.  E.g., on "run a b c d" this routine
  48    would get as input the string "a b c d", and as output it would
  49    fill in ARGV with the four arguments "a", "b", "c", "d".  */
  50
  51 static void
  52 breakup_args (char *scratch, char **argv)
  53 {
  54   char *cp = scratch;
  55
  56   for (;;)
  57     {
  58       /* Scan past leading separators */
  59       while (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t' || *cp == '\n')
  60         cp++;
  61
  62       /* Break if at end of string.  */
  63       if (*cp == '\0')
  64         break;
  65
  66       /* Take an arg.  */
  67       *argv++ = cp;
  68
  69       /* Scan for next arg separator.  */
  70       cp = strchr (cp, ' ');
  71       if (cp == NULL)
  72         cp = strchr (cp, '\t');
  73       if (cp == NULL)
  74         cp = strchr (cp, '\n');
  75
  76       /* No separators => end of string => break.  */
  77       if (cp == NULL)
  78         break;
  79
  80       /* Replace the separator with a terminator.  */
  81       *cp++ = '\0';
  82     }
  83
  84   /* Null-terminate the vector.  */
  85   *argv = NULL;
  86 }
  87
  88 /* When executing a command under the given shell, return non-zero if
  89    the '!' character should be escaped when embedded in a quoted
  90    command-line argument.  */
  91
  92 static int
  93 escape_bang_in_quoted_argument (const char *shell_file)
  94 {
  95   const int shell_file_len = strlen (shell_file);
  96
  97   /* Bang should be escaped only in C Shells.  For now, simply check
  98      that the shell name ends with 'csh', which covers at least csh
  99      and tcsh.  This should be good enough for now.  */
 100
 101   if (shell_file_len < 3)
 102     return 0;
 103
 104   if (shell_file[shell_file_len - 3] == 'c'
 105       && shell_file[shell_file_len - 2] == 's'
 106       && shell_file[shell_file_len - 1] == 'h')
 107     return 1;
 108
 109   return 0;
 110 }
 111
 112 /* Start an inferior Unix child process and sets inferior_ptid to its
 113    pid.  EXEC_FILE is the file to run.  ALLARGS is a string containing
 114    the arguments to the program.  ENV is the environment vector to
 115    pass.  SHELL_FILE is the shell file, or NULL if we should pick
 116    one.  */
 117
 118 /* This function is NOT reentrant.  Some of the variables have been
 119    made static to ensure that they survive the vfork call.  */
 120
 121 void
 122 fork_inferior (char *exec_file_arg, char *allargs, char **env,
 123                void (*traceme_fun) (void), void (*init_trace_fun) (int),
 124                void (*pre_trace_fun) (void), char *shell_file_arg)
 125 {
 126   int pid;
 127   char *shell_command;
 128   static char default_shell_file[] = SHELL_FILE;
 129   int len;
 130   /* Set debug_fork then attach to the child while it sleeps, to debug. */
 131   static int debug_fork = 0;
 132   /* This is set to the result of setpgrp, which if vforked, will be visible
 133      to you in the parent process.  It's only used by humans for debugging.  */
 134   static int debug_setpgrp = 657473;
 135   static char *shell_file;
 136   static char *exec_file;
 137   char **save_our_env;
 138   int shell = 0;
 139   static char **argv;
 140
 141   /* If no exec file handed to us, get it from the exec-file command
 142      -- with a good, common error message if none is specified.  */
 143   exec_file = exec_file_arg;
 144   if (exec_file == 0)
 145     exec_file = get_exec_file (1);
 146
 147   /* STARTUP_WITH_SHELL is defined in inferior.h.  If 0,e we'll just
 148     do a fork/exec, no shell, so don't bother figuring out what
 149     shell.  */
 150   shell_file = shell_file_arg;
 151   if (STARTUP_WITH_SHELL)
 152     {
 153       /* Figure out what shell to start up the user program under.  */
 154       if (shell_file == NULL)
 155         shell_file = getenv ("SHELL");
 156       if (shell_file == NULL)
 157         shell_file = default_shell_file;
 158       shell = 1;
 159     }
 160
 161   /* Multiplying the length of exec_file by 4 is to account for the
 162      fact that it may expand when quoted; it is a worst-case number
 163      based on every character being '.  */
 164   len = 5 + 4 * strlen (exec_file) + 1 + strlen (allargs) + 1 + /*slop */ 12;
 165   /* If desired, concat something onto the front of ALLARGS.
 166      SHELL_COMMAND is the result.  */
 167 #ifdef SHELL_COMMAND_CONCAT
 168   shell_command = (char *) alloca (strlen (SHELL_COMMAND_CONCAT) + len);
 169   strcpy (shell_command, SHELL_COMMAND_CONCAT);
 170 #else
 171   shell_command = (char *) alloca (len);
 172   shell_command[0] = '\0';
 173 #endif
 174
 175   if (!shell)
 176     {
 177       /* We're going to call execvp.  Create argument vector.
 178          Calculate an upper bound on the length of the vector by
 179          assuming that every other character is a separate
 180          argument.  */
 181       int argc = (strlen (allargs) + 1) / 2 + 2;
 182       argv = (char **) xmalloc (argc * sizeof (*argv));
 183       argv[0] = exec_file;
 184       breakup_args (allargs, &argv[1]);
 185     }
 186   else
 187     {
 188       /* We're going to call a shell.  */
 189
 190       /* Now add exec_file, quoting as necessary.  */
 191
 192       char *p;
 193       int need_to_quote;
 194       const int escape_bang = escape_bang_in_quoted_argument (shell_file);
 195
 196       strcat (shell_command, "exec ");
 197
 198       /* Quoting in this style is said to work with all shells.  But
 199          csh on IRIX 4.0.1 can't deal with it.  So we only quote it if
 200          we need to.  */
 201       p = exec_file;
 202       while (1)
 203         {
 204           switch (*p)
 205             {
 206             case '\'':
 207             case '!':
 208             case '"':
 209             case '(':
 210             case ')':
 211             case '$':
 212             case '&':
 213             case ';':
 214             case '<':
 215             case '>':
 216             case ' ':
 217             case '\n':
 218             case '\t':
 219               need_to_quote = 1;
 220               goto end_scan;
 221
 222             case '\0':
 223               need_to_quote = 0;
 224               goto end_scan;
 225
 226             default:
 227               break;
 228             }
 229           ++p;
 230         }
 231     end_scan:
 232       if (need_to_quote)
 233         {
 234           strcat (shell_command, "'");
 235           for (p = exec_file; *p != '\0'; ++p)
 236             {
 237               if (*p == '\'')
 238                 strcat (shell_command, "'\\''");
 239               else if (*p == '!' && escape_bang)
 240                 strcat (shell_command, "\\!");
 241               else
 242                 strncat (shell_command, p, 1);
 243             }
 244           strcat (shell_command, "'");
 245         }
 246       else
 247         strcat (shell_command, exec_file);
 248
 249       strcat (shell_command, " ");
 250       strcat (shell_command, allargs);
 251     }
 252
 253   /* On some systems an exec will fail if the executable is open.  */
 254   close_exec_file ();
 255
 256   /* Retain a copy of our environment variables, since the child will
 257      replace the value of environ and if we're vforked, we have to
 258      restore it.  */
 259   save_our_env = environ;
 260
 261   /* Tell the terminal handling subsystem what tty we plan to run on;
 262      it will just record the information for later.  */
 263   new_tty_prefork (inferior_io_terminal);
 264
 265   /* It is generally good practice to flush any possible pending stdio
 266      output prior to doing a fork, to avoid the possibility of both
 267      the parent and child flushing the same data after the fork. */
 268   gdb_flush (gdb_stdout);
 269   gdb_flush (gdb_stderr);
 270
 271   /* If there's any initialization of the target layers that must
 272      happen to prepare to handle the child we're about fork, do it
 273      now...  */
 274   if (pre_trace_fun != NULL)
 275     (*pre_trace_fun) ();
 276
 277   /* Create the child process.  Since the child process is going to
 278      exec(3) shortlty afterwards, try to reduce the overhead by
 279      calling vfork(2).  However, if PRE_TRACE_FUN is non-null, it's
 280      likely that this optimization won't work since there's too much
 281      work to do between the vfork(2) and the exec(3).  This is known
 282      to be the case on ttrace(2)-based HP-UX, where some handshaking
 283      between parent and child needs to happen between fork(2) and
 284      exec(2).  However, since the parent is suspended in the vforked
 285      state, this doesn't work.  Also note that the vfork(2) call might
 286      actually be a call to fork(2) due to the fact that autoconf will
 287      ``#define vfork fork'' on certain platforms.  */
 288   if (pre_trace_fun || debug_fork)
 289     pid = fork ();
 290   else
 291     pid = vfork ();
 292
 293   if (pid < 0)
 294     perror_with_name (("vfork"));
 295
 296   if (pid == 0)
 297     {
 298       if (debug_fork)
 299         sleep (debug_fork);
 300
 301       /* Run inferior in a separate process group.  */
 302       debug_setpgrp = gdb_setpgid ();
 303       if (debug_setpgrp == -1)
 304         perror ("setpgrp failed in child");
 305
 306       /* Ask the tty subsystem to switch to the one we specified
 307          earlier (or to share the current terminal, if none was
 308          specified).  */
 309       new_tty ();
 310
 311       /* Changing the signal handlers for the inferior after
 312          a vfork can also change them for the superior, so we don't mess
 313          with signals here.  See comments in
 314          initialize_signals for how we get the right signal handlers
 315          for the inferior.  */
 316
 317       /* "Trace me, Dr. Memory!" */
 318       (*traceme_fun) ();
 319
 320       /* The call above set this process (the "child") as debuggable
 321         by the original gdb process (the "parent").  Since processes
 322         (unlike people) can have only one parent, if you are debugging
 323         gdb itself (and your debugger is thus _already_ the
 324         controller/parent for this child), code from here on out is
 325         undebuggable.  Indeed, you probably got an error message
 326         saying "not parent".  Sorry; you'll have to use print
 327         statements!  */
 328
 329       /* There is no execlpe call, so we have to set the environment
 330          for our child in the global variable.  If we've vforked, this
 331          clobbers the parent, but environ is restored a few lines down
 332          in the parent.  By the way, yes we do need to look down the
 333          path to find $SHELL.  Rich Pixley says so, and I agree.  */
 334       environ = env;
 335
 336       /* If we decided above to start up with a shell, we exec the
 337         shell, "-c" says to interpret the next arg as a shell command
 338         to execute, and this command is "exec <target-program>
 339         <args>".  "-f" means "fast startup" to the c-shell, which
 340         means don't do .cshrc file. Doing .cshrc may cause fork/exec
 341         events which will confuse debugger start-up code.  */
 342       if (shell)
 343         {
 344           execlp (shell_file, shell_file, "-c", shell_command, (char *) 0);
 345
 346           /* If we get here, it's an error.  */
 347           fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stderr, "Cannot exec %s: %s.\n", shell_file,
 348                               safe_strerror (errno));
 349           gdb_flush (gdb_stderr);
 350           _exit (0177);
 351         }
 352       else
 353         {
 354           /* Otherwise, we directly exec the target program with
 355              execvp.  */
 356           int i;
 357           char *errstring;
 358
 359           execvp (exec_file, argv);
 360
 361           /* If we get here, it's an error.  */
 362           errstring = safe_strerror (errno);
 363           fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stderr, "Cannot exec %s ", exec_file);
 364
 365           i = 1;
 366           while (argv[i] != NULL)
 367             {
 368               if (i != 1)
 369                 fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stderr, " ");
 370               fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stderr, "%s", argv[i]);
 371               i++;
 372             }
 373           fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stderr, ".\n");
 374 #if 0
 375           /* This extra info seems to be useless.  */
 376           fprintf_unfiltered (gdb_stderr, "Got error %s.\n", errstring);
 377 #endif
 378           gdb_flush (gdb_stderr);
 379           _exit (0177);
 380         }
 381     }
 382
 383   /* Restore our environment in case a vforked child clob'd it.  */
 384   environ = save_our_env;
 385
 386   init_thread_list ();
 387
 388   /* Needed for wait_for_inferior stuff below.  */
 389   inferior_ptid = pid_to_ptid (pid);
 390
 391   /* Now that we have a child process, make it our target, and
 392      initialize anything target-vector-specific that needs
 393      initializing.  */
 394   (*init_trace_fun) (pid);
 395
 396   /* We are now in the child process of interest, having exec'd the
 397      correct program, and are poised at the first instruction of the
 398      new program.  */
 399
 400   /* Allow target dependent code to play with the new process.  This
 401      might be used to have target-specific code initialize a variable
 402      in the new process prior to executing the first instruction.  */
 403   TARGET_CREATE_INFERIOR_HOOK (pid);
 404
 405 #ifdef SOLIB_CREATE_INFERIOR_HOOK
 406   SOLIB_CREATE_INFERIOR_HOOK (pid);
 407 #endif
 408 }
 409
 410 /* Accept NTRAPS traps from the inferior.  */
 411
 412 void
 413 startup_inferior (int ntraps)
 414 {
 415   int pending_execs = ntraps;
 416   int terminal_initted = 0;
 417
 418   /* The process was started by the fork that created it, but it will
 419      have stopped one instruction after execing the shell.  Here we
 420      must get it up to actual execution of the real program.  */
 421
 422   clear_proceed_status ();
 423
 424   init_wait_for_inferior ();
 425
 426   if (STARTUP_WITH_SHELL)
 427     inferior_ignoring_startup_exec_events = ntraps;
 428   else
 429     inferior_ignoring_startup_exec_events = 0;
 430   inferior_ignoring_leading_exec_events =
 431     target_reported_exec_events_per_exec_call () - 1;
 432
 433   while (1)
 434     {
 435       /* Make wait_for_inferior be quiet. */
 436       stop_soon = STOP_QUIETLY;
 437       wait_for_inferior ();
 438       if (stop_signal != TARGET_SIGNAL_TRAP)
 439         {
 440           /* Let shell child handle its own signals in its own way.
 441              FIXME: what if child has exited?  Must exit loop
 442              somehow.  */
 443           resume (0, stop_signal);
 444         }
 445       else
 446         {
 447           /* We handle SIGTRAP, however; it means child did an exec.  */
 448           if (!terminal_initted)
 449             {
 450               /* Now that the child has exec'd we know it has already
 451                  set its process group.  On POSIX systems, tcsetpgrp
 452                  will fail with EPERM if we try it before the child's
 453                  setpgid.  */
 454
 455               /* Set up the "saved terminal modes" of the inferior
 456                  based on what modes we are starting it with.  */
 457               target_terminal_init ();
 458
 459               /* Install inferior's terminal modes.  */
 460               target_terminal_inferior ();
 461
 462               terminal_initted = 1;
 463             }
 464
 465           if (--pending_execs == 0)
 466             break;
 467
 468           resume (0, TARGET_SIGNAL_0);  /* Just make it go on.  */
 469         }
 470     }
 471   stop_soon = NO_STOP_QUIETLY;
 472 }