include/xen/interface/grant_table.h

   1 /******************************************************************************
   2  * grant_table.h
   3  *
   4  * Interface for granting foreign access to page frames, and receiving
   5  * page-ownership transfers.
   6  *
   7  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   8  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
   9  * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
  10  * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
  11  * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  12  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  13  *
  14  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  15  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  16  *
  17  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  18  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  19  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  20  * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  21  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
  22  * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
  23  * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
  24  *
  25  * Copyright (c) 2004, K A Fraser
  26  */
  27
  28 #ifndef __XEN_PUBLIC_GRANT_TABLE_H__
  29 #define __XEN_PUBLIC_GRANT_TABLE_H__
  30
  31 #include <xen/interface/xen.h>
  32
  33 /***********************************
  34  * GRANT TABLE REPRESENTATION
  35  */
  36
  37 /* Some rough guidelines on accessing and updating grant-table entries
  38  * in a concurrency-safe manner. For more information, Linux contains a
  39  * reference implementation for guest OSes (arch/xen/kernel/grant_table.c).
  40  *
  41  * NB. WMB is a no-op on current-generation x86 processors. However, a
  42  *     compiler barrier will still be required.
  43  *
  44  * Introducing a valid entry into the grant table:
  45  *  1. Write ent->domid.
  46  *  2. Write ent->frame:
  47  *      GTF_permit_access:   Frame to which access is permitted.
  48  *      GTF_accept_transfer: Pseudo-phys frame slot being filled by new
  49  *                           frame, or zero if none.
  50  *  3. Write memory barrier (WMB).
  51  *  4. Write ent->flags, inc. valid type.
  52  *
  53  * Invalidating an unused GTF_permit_access entry:
  54  *  1. flags = ent->flags.
  55  *  2. Observe that !(flags & (GTF_reading|GTF_writing)).
  56  *  3. Check result of SMP-safe CMPXCHG(&ent->flags, flags, 0).
  57  *  NB. No need for WMB as reuse of entry is control-dependent on success of
  58  *      step 3, and all architectures guarantee ordering of ctrl-dep writes.
  59  *
  60  * Invalidating an in-use GTF_permit_access entry:
  61  *  This cannot be done directly. Request assistance from the domain controller
  62  *  which can set a timeout on the use of a grant entry and take necessary
  63  *  action. (NB. This is not yet implemented!).
  64  *
  65  * Invalidating an unused GTF_accept_transfer entry:
  66  *  1. flags = ent->flags.
  67  *  2. Observe that !(flags & GTF_transfer_committed). [*]
  68  *  3. Check result of SMP-safe CMPXCHG(&ent->flags, flags, 0).
  69  *  NB. No need for WMB as reuse of entry is control-dependent on success of
  70  *      step 3, and all architectures guarantee ordering of ctrl-dep writes.
  71  *  [*] If GTF_transfer_committed is set then the grant entry is 'committed'.
  72  *      The guest must /not/ modify the grant entry until the address of the
  73  *      transferred frame is written. It is safe for the guest to spin waiting
  74  *      for this to occur (detect by observing GTF_transfer_completed in
  75  *      ent->flags).
  76  *
  77  * Invalidating a committed GTF_accept_transfer entry:
  78  *  1. Wait for (ent->flags & GTF_transfer_completed).
  79  *
  80  * Changing a GTF_permit_access from writable to read-only:
  81  *  Use SMP-safe CMPXCHG to set GTF_readonly, while checking !GTF_writing.
  82  *
  83  * Changing a GTF_permit_access from read-only to writable:
  84  *  Use SMP-safe bit-setting instruction.
  85  */
  86
  87 /*
  88  * Reference to a grant entry in a specified domain's grant table.
  89  */
  90 typedef uint32_t grant_ref_t;
  91
  92 /*
  93  * A grant table comprises a packed array of grant entries in one or more
  94  * page frames shared between Xen and a guest.
  95  * [XEN]: This field is written by Xen and read by the sharing guest.
  96  * [GST]: This field is written by the guest and read by Xen.
  97  */
  98
  99 /*
 100  * Version 1 of the grant table entry structure is maintained purely
 101  * for backwards compatibility.  New guests should use version 2.
 102  */
 103 struct grant_entry_v1 {
 104     /* GTF_xxx: various type and flag information.  [XEN,GST] */
 105     uint16_t flags;
 106     /* The domain being granted foreign privileges. [GST] */
 107     domid_t  domid;
 108     /*
 109      * GTF_permit_access: Frame that @domid is allowed to map and access. [GST]
 110      * GTF_accept_transfer: Frame whose ownership transferred by @domid. [XEN]
 111      */
 112     uint32_t frame;
 113 };
 114
 115 /*
 116  * Type of grant entry.
 117  *  GTF_invalid: This grant entry grants no privileges.
 118  *  GTF_permit_access: Allow @domid to map/access @frame.
 119  *  GTF_accept_transfer: Allow @domid to transfer ownership of one page frame
 120  *                       to this guest. Xen writes the page number to @frame.
 121  *  GTF_transitive: Allow @domid to transitively access a subrange of
 122  *                  @trans_grant in @trans_domid.  No mappings are allowed.
 123  */
 124 #define GTF_invalid         (0U<<0)
 125 #define GTF_permit_access   (1U<<0)
 126 #define GTF_accept_transfer (2U<<0)
 127 #define GTF_transitive      (3U<<0)
 128 #define GTF_type_mask       (3U<<0)
 129
 130 /*
 131  * Subflags for GTF_permit_access.
 132  *  GTF_readonly: Restrict @domid to read-only mappings and accesses. [GST]
 133  *  GTF_reading: Grant entry is currently mapped for reading by @domid. [XEN]
 134  *  GTF_writing: Grant entry is currently mapped for writing by @domid. [XEN]
 135  *  GTF_sub_page: Grant access to only a subrange of the page.  @domid
 136  *                will only be allowed to copy from the grant, and not
 137  *                map it. [GST]
 138  */
 139 #define _GTF_readonly       (2)
 140 #define GTF_readonly        (1U<<_GTF_readonly)
 141 #define _GTF_reading        (3)
 142 #define GTF_reading         (1U<<_GTF_reading)
 143 #define _GTF_writing        (4)
 144 #define GTF_writing         (1U<<_GTF_writing)
 145 #define _GTF_sub_page       (8)
 146 #define GTF_sub_page        (1U<<_GTF_sub_page)
 147
 148 /*
 149  * Subflags for GTF_accept_transfer:
 150  *  GTF_transfer_committed: Xen sets this flag to indicate that it is committed
 151  *      to transferring ownership of a page frame. When a guest sees this flag
 152  *      it must /not/ modify the grant entry until GTF_transfer_completed is
 153  *      set by Xen.
 154  *  GTF_transfer_completed: It is safe for the guest to spin-wait on this flag
 155  *      after reading GTF_transfer_committed. Xen will always write the frame
 156  *      address, followed by ORing this flag, in a timely manner.
 157  */
 158 #define _GTF_transfer_committed (2)
 159 #define GTF_transfer_committed  (1U<<_GTF_transfer_committed)
 160 #define _GTF_transfer_completed (3)
 161 #define GTF_transfer_completed  (1U<<_GTF_transfer_completed)
 162
 163 /*
 164  * Version 2 grant table entries.  These fulfil the same role as
 165  * version 1 entries, but can represent more complicated operations.
 166  * Any given domain will have either a version 1 or a version 2 table,
 167  * and every entry in the table will be the same version.
 168  *
 169  * The interface by which domains use grant references does not depend
 170  * on the grant table version in use by the other domain.
 171  */
 172
 173 /*
 174  * Version 1 and version 2 grant entries share a common prefix.  The
 175  * fields of the prefix are documented as part of struct
 176  * grant_entry_v1.
 177  */
 178 struct grant_entry_header {
 179     uint16_t flags;
 180     domid_t  domid;
 181 };
 182
 183 /*
 184  * Version 2 of the grant entry structure, here is an union because three
 185  * different types are suppotted: full_page, sub_page and transitive.
 186  */
 187 union grant_entry_v2 {
 188     struct grant_entry_header hdr;
 189
 190     /*
 191      * This member is used for V1-style full page grants, where either:
 192      *
 193      * -- hdr.type is GTF_accept_transfer, or
 194      * -- hdr.type is GTF_permit_access and GTF_sub_page is not set.
 195      *
 196      * In that case, the frame field has the same semantics as the
 197      * field of the same name in the V1 entry structure.
 198      */
 199     struct {
 200         struct grant_entry_header hdr;
 201         uint32_t pad0;
 202         uint64_t frame;
 203     } full_page;
 204
 205     /*
 206      * If the grant type is GTF_grant_access and GTF_sub_page is set,
 207      * @domid is allowed to access bytes [@page_off,@page_off+@length)
 208      * in frame @frame.
 209      */
 210     struct {
 211         struct grant_entry_header hdr;
 212         uint16_t page_off;
 213         uint16_t length;
 214         uint64_t frame;
 215     } sub_page;
 216
 217     /*
 218      * If the grant is GTF_transitive, @domid is allowed to use the
 219      * grant @gref in domain @trans_domid, as if it was the local
 220      * domain.  Obviously, the transitive access must be compatible
 221      * with the original grant.
 222      */
 223     struct {
 224         struct grant_entry_header hdr;
 225         domid_t trans_domid;
 226         uint16_t pad0;
 227         grant_ref_t gref;
 228     } transitive;
 229
 230     uint32_t __spacer[4]; /* Pad to a power of two */
 231 };
 232
 233 typedef uint16_t grant_status_t;
 234
 235 /***********************************
 236  * GRANT TABLE QUERIES AND USES
 237  */
 238
 239 /*
 240  * Handle to track a mapping created via a grant reference.
 241  */
 242 typedef uint32_t grant_handle_t;
 243
 244 /*
 245  * GNTTABOP_map_grant_ref: Map the grant entry (<dom>,<ref>) for access
 246  * by devices and/or host CPUs. If successful, <handle> is a tracking number
 247  * that must be presented later to destroy the mapping(s). On error, <handle>
 248  * is a negative status code.
 249  * NOTES:
 250  *  1. If GNTMAP_device_map is specified then <dev_bus_addr> is the address
 251  *     via which I/O devices may access the granted frame.
 252  *  2. If GNTMAP_host_map is specified then a mapping will be added at
 253  *     either a host virtual address in the current address space, or at
 254  *     a PTE at the specified machine address.  The type of mapping to
 255  *     perform is selected through the GNTMAP_contains_pte flag, and the
 256  *     address is specified in <host_addr>.
 257  *  3. Mappings should only be destroyed via GNTTABOP_unmap_grant_ref. If a
 258  *     host mapping is destroyed by other means then it is *NOT* guaranteed
 259  *     to be accounted to the correct grant reference!
 260  */
 261 #define GNTTABOP_map_grant_ref        0
 262 struct gnttab_map_grant_ref {
 263     /* IN parameters. */
 264     uint64_t host_addr;
 265     uint32_t flags;               /* GNTMAP_* */
 266     grant_ref_t ref;
 267     domid_t  dom;
 268     /* OUT parameters. */
 269     int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
 270     grant_handle_t handle;
 271     uint64_t dev_bus_addr;
 272 };
 273 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_map_grant_ref);
 274
 275 /*
 276  * GNTTABOP_unmap_grant_ref: Destroy one or more grant-reference mappings
 277  * tracked by <handle>. If <host_addr> or <dev_bus_addr> is zero, that
 278  * field is ignored. If non-zero, they must refer to a device/host mapping
 279  * that is tracked by <handle>
 280  * NOTES:
 281  *  1. The call may fail in an undefined manner if either mapping is not
 282  *     tracked by <handle>.
 283  *  3. After executing a batch of unmaps, it is guaranteed that no stale
 284  *     mappings will remain in the device or host TLBs.
 285  */
 286 #define GNTTABOP_unmap_grant_ref      1
 287 struct gnttab_unmap_grant_ref {
 288     /* IN parameters. */
 289     uint64_t host_addr;
 290     uint64_t dev_bus_addr;
 291     grant_handle_t handle;
 292     /* OUT parameters. */
 293     int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
 294 };
 295 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_unmap_grant_ref);
 296
 297 /*
 298  * GNTTABOP_setup_table: Set up a grant table for <dom> comprising at least
 299  * <nr_frames> pages. The frame addresses are written to the <frame_list>.
 300  * Only <nr_frames> addresses are written, even if the table is larger.
 301  * NOTES:
 302  *  1. <dom> may be specified as DOMID_SELF.
 303  *  2. Only a sufficiently-privileged domain may specify <dom> != DOMID_SELF.
 304  *  3. Xen may not support more than a single grant-table page per domain.
 305  */
 306 #define GNTTABOP_setup_table          2
 307 struct gnttab_setup_table {
 308     /* IN parameters. */
 309     domid_t  dom;
 310     uint32_t nr_frames;
 311     /* OUT parameters. */
 312     int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
 313     GUEST_HANDLE(xen_pfn_t) frame_list;
 314 };
 315 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_setup_table);
 316
 317 /*
 318  * GNTTABOP_dump_table: Dump the contents of the grant table to the
 319  * xen console. Debugging use only.
 320  */
 321 #define GNTTABOP_dump_table           3
 322 struct gnttab_dump_table {
 323     /* IN parameters. */
 324     domid_t dom;
 325     /* OUT parameters. */
 326     int16_t status;               /* GNTST_* */
 327 };
 328 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_dump_table);
 329
 330 /*
 331  * GNTTABOP_transfer_grant_ref: Transfer <frame> to a foreign domain. The
 332  * foreign domain has previously registered its interest in the transfer via
 333  * <domid, ref>.
 334  *
 335  * Note that, even if the transfer fails, the specified page no longer belongs
 336  * to the calling domain *unless* the error is GNTST_bad_page.
 337  */
 338 #define GNTTABOP_transfer                4
 339 struct gnttab_transfer {
 340     /* IN parameters. */
 341     xen_pfn_t mfn;
 342     domid_t       domid;
 343     grant_ref_t   ref;
 344     /* OUT parameters. */
 345     int16_t       status;
 346 };
 347 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_transfer);
 348
 349 /*
 350  * GNTTABOP_copy: Hypervisor based copy
 351  * source and destinations can be eithers MFNs or, for foreign domains,
 352  * grant references. the foreign domain has to grant read/write access
 353  * in its grant table.
 354  *
 355  * The flags specify what type source and destinations are (either MFN
 356  * or grant reference).
 357  *
 358  * Note that this can also be used to copy data between two domains
 359  * via a third party if the source and destination domains had previously
 360  * grant appropriate access to their pages to the third party.
 361  *
 362  * source_offset specifies an offset in the source frame, dest_offset
 363  * the offset in the target frame and  len specifies the number of
 364  * bytes to be copied.
 365  */
 366
 367 #define _GNTCOPY_source_gref      (0)
 368 #define GNTCOPY_source_gref       (1<<_GNTCOPY_source_gref)
 369 #define _GNTCOPY_dest_gref        (1)
 370 #define GNTCOPY_dest_gref         (1<<_GNTCOPY_dest_gref)
 371
 372 #define GNTTABOP_copy                 5
 373 struct gnttab_copy {
 374         /* IN parameters. */
 375         struct {
 376                 union {
 377                         grant_ref_t ref;
 378                         xen_pfn_t   gmfn;
 379                 } u;
 380                 domid_t  domid;
 381                 uint16_t offset;
 382         } source, dest;
 383         uint16_t      len;
 384         uint16_t      flags;          /* GNTCOPY_* */
 385         /* OUT parameters. */
 386         int16_t       status;
 387 };
 388 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_copy);
 389
 390 /*
 391  * GNTTABOP_query_size: Query the current and maximum sizes of the shared
 392  * grant table.
 393  * NOTES:
 394  *  1. <dom> may be specified as DOMID_SELF.
 395  *  2. Only a sufficiently-privileged domain may specify <dom> != DOMID_SELF.
 396  */
 397 #define GNTTABOP_query_size           6
 398 struct gnttab_query_size {
 399     /* IN parameters. */
 400     domid_t  dom;
 401     /* OUT parameters. */
 402     uint32_t nr_frames;
 403     uint32_t max_nr_frames;
 404     int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
 405 };
 406 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_query_size);
 407
 408 /*
 409  * GNTTABOP_unmap_and_replace: Destroy one or more grant-reference mappings
 410  * tracked by <handle> but atomically replace the page table entry with one
 411  * pointing to the machine address under <new_addr>.  <new_addr> will be
 412  * redirected to the null entry.
 413  * NOTES:
 414  *  1. The call may fail in an undefined manner if either mapping is not
 415  *     tracked by <handle>.
 416  *  2. After executing a batch of unmaps, it is guaranteed that no stale
 417  *     mappings will remain in the device or host TLBs.
 418  */
 419 #define GNTTABOP_unmap_and_replace    7
 420 struct gnttab_unmap_and_replace {
 421     /* IN parameters. */
 422     uint64_t host_addr;
 423     uint64_t new_addr;
 424     grant_handle_t handle;
 425     /* OUT parameters. */
 426     int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
 427 };
 428 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_unmap_and_replace);
 429
 430 /*
 431  * GNTTABOP_set_version: Request a particular version of the grant
 432  * table shared table structure.  This operation can only be performed
 433  * once in any given domain.  It must be performed before any grants
 434  * are activated; otherwise, the domain will be stuck with version 1.
 435  * The only defined versions are 1 and 2.
 436  */
 437 #define GNTTABOP_set_version          8
 438 struct gnttab_set_version {
 439     /* IN parameters */
 440     uint32_t version;
 441 };
 442 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_set_version);
 443
 444 /*
 445  * GNTTABOP_get_status_frames: Get the list of frames used to store grant
 446  * status for <dom>. In grant format version 2, the status is separated
 447  * from the other shared grant fields to allow more efficient synchronization
 448  * using barriers instead of atomic cmpexch operations.
 449  * <nr_frames> specify the size of vector <frame_list>.
 450  * The frame addresses are returned in the <frame_list>.
 451  * Only <nr_frames> addresses are returned, even if the table is larger.
 452  * NOTES:
 453  *  1. <dom> may be specified as DOMID_SELF.
 454  *  2. Only a sufficiently-privileged domain may specify <dom> != DOMID_SELF.
 455  */
 456 #define GNTTABOP_get_status_frames     9
 457 struct gnttab_get_status_frames {
 458     /* IN parameters. */
 459     uint32_t nr_frames;
 460     domid_t  dom;
 461     /* OUT parameters. */
 462     int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
 463     GUEST_HANDLE(uint64_t) frame_list;
 464 };
 465 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_get_status_frames);
 466
 467 /*
 468  * GNTTABOP_get_version: Get the grant table version which is in
 469  * effect for domain <dom>.
 470  */
 471 #define GNTTABOP_get_version          10
 472 struct gnttab_get_version {
 473     /* IN parameters */
 474     domid_t dom;
 475     uint16_t pad;
 476     /* OUT parameters */
 477     uint32_t version;
 478 };
 479 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_get_version);
 480
 481 /*
 482  * Issue one or more cache maintenance operations on a portion of a
 483  * page granted to the calling domain by a foreign domain.
 484  */
 485 #define GNTTABOP_cache_flush          12
 486 struct gnttab_cache_flush {
 487     union {
 488         uint64_t dev_bus_addr;
 489         grant_ref_t ref;
 490     } a;
 491     uint16_t offset;   /* offset from start of grant */
 492     uint16_t length;   /* size within the grant */
 493 #define GNTTAB_CACHE_CLEAN          (1<<0)
 494 #define GNTTAB_CACHE_INVAL          (1<<1)
 495 #define GNTTAB_CACHE_SOURCE_GREF    (1<<31)
 496     uint32_t op;
 497 };
 498 DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_cache_flush);
 499
 500 /*
 501  * Bitfield values for update_pin_status.flags.
 502  */
 503  /* Map the grant entry for access by I/O devices. */
 504 #define _GNTMAP_device_map      (0)
 505 #define GNTMAP_device_map       (1<<_GNTMAP_device_map)
 506  /* Map the grant entry for access by host CPUs. */
 507 #define _GNTMAP_host_map        (1)
 508 #define GNTMAP_host_map         (1<<_GNTMAP_host_map)
 509  /* Accesses to the granted frame will be restricted to read-only access. */
 510 #define _GNTMAP_readonly        (2)
 511 #define GNTMAP_readonly         (1<<_GNTMAP_readonly)
 512  /*
 513   * GNTMAP_host_map subflag:
 514   *  0 => The host mapping is usable only by the guest OS.
 515   *  1 => The host mapping is usable by guest OS + current application.
 516   */
 517 #define _GNTMAP_application_map (3)
 518 #define GNTMAP_application_map  (1<<_GNTMAP_application_map)
 519
 520  /*
 521   * GNTMAP_contains_pte subflag:
 522   *  0 => This map request contains a host virtual address.
 523   *  1 => This map request contains the machine addess of the PTE to update.
 524   */
 525 #define _GNTMAP_contains_pte    (4)
 526 #define GNTMAP_contains_pte     (1<<_GNTMAP_contains_pte)
 527
 528 /*
 529  * Bits to be placed in guest kernel available PTE bits (architecture
 530  * dependent; only supported when XENFEAT_gnttab_map_avail_bits is set).
 531  */
 532 #define _GNTMAP_guest_avail0    (16)
 533 #define GNTMAP_guest_avail_mask ((uint32_t)~0 << _GNTMAP_guest_avail0)
 534
 535 /*
 536  * Values for error status returns. All errors are -ve.
 537  */
 538 #define GNTST_okay             (0)  /* Normal return.                        */
 539 #define GNTST_general_error    (-1) /* General undefined error.              */
 540 #define GNTST_bad_domain       (-2) /* Unrecognsed domain id.                */
 541 #define GNTST_bad_gntref       (-3) /* Unrecognised or inappropriate gntref. */
 542 #define GNTST_bad_handle       (-4) /* Unrecognised or inappropriate handle. */
 543 #define GNTST_bad_virt_addr    (-5) /* Inappropriate virtual address to map. */
 544 #define GNTST_bad_dev_addr     (-6) /* Inappropriate device address to unmap.*/
 545 #define GNTST_no_device_space  (-7) /* Out of space in I/O MMU.              */
 546 #define GNTST_permission_denied (-8) /* Not enough privilege for operation.  */
 547 #define GNTST_bad_page         (-9) /* Specified page was invalid for op.    */
 548 #define GNTST_bad_copy_arg    (-10) /* copy arguments cross page boundary.   */
 549 #define GNTST_address_too_big (-11) /* transfer page address too large.      */
 550 #define GNTST_eagain          (-12) /* Operation not done; try again.        */
 551
 552 #define GNTTABOP_error_msgs {                   \
 553     "okay",                                     \
 554     "undefined error",                          \
 555     "unrecognised domain id",                   \
 556     "invalid grant reference",                  \
 557     "invalid mapping handle",                   \
 558     "invalid virtual address",                  \
 559     "invalid device address",                   \
 560     "no spare translation slot in the I/O MMU", \
 561     "permission denied",                        \
 562     "bad page",                                 \
 563     "copy arguments cross page boundary",       \
 564     "page address size too large",              \
 565     "operation not done; try again"             \
 566 }
 567
 568 #endif /* __XEN_PUBLIC_GRANT_TABLE_H__ */