Fix C++ build for Cygwin
[deliverable/binutils-gdb.git] / ld / NEWS
1 -*- text -*-
2
3 * Support for -z noreloc-overflow in the x86-64 ELF linker to disable
4 relocation overflow check.
5
6 * Add -z common/-z nocommon options for ELF targets to control whether to
7 convert common symbols to the STT_COMMON type during a relocatable link.
8
9 * Support for -z nodynamic-undefined-weak in the x86 ELF linker, which
10 avoids dynamic relocations against undefined weak symbols in executable.
11
12 * The NOCROSSREFSTO command was added to the linker script language.
13
14 * Add --no-apply-dynamic-relocs to the AArch64 linker to do not apply link-time
15 values for dynamic relocations.
16
17 Changes in 2.26:
18
19 * Add --fix-stm32l4xx-629360 to the ARM linker to enable a link-time
20 workaround for a bug in the bus matrix / memory controller for some of
21 the STM32 Cortex-M4 based products (STM32L4xx)
22
23 * Add a configure option --enable-compressed-debug-sections={all,ld} to
24 decide whether DWARF debug sections should be compressed by default.
25
26 * Add support for the ARC EM/HS, and ARC600/700 architectures.
27
28 * Experimental support for linker garbage collection (--gc-sections)
29 has been enabled for COFF and PE based targets.
30
31 * New command line option for ELF targets to compress DWARF debug
32 sections, --compress-debug-sections=[none|zlib|zlib-gnu|zlib-gabi].
33
34 * New command line option, --orphan-handling=[place|warn|error|discard], to
35 adjust how orphan sections are handled. The default is 'place' which gives
36 the current behaviour, 'warn' and 'error' issue a warning or error
37 respectively when orphan sections are found, and 'discard' will discard all
38 orphan sections.
39
40 * Add support for LLVM plugin.
41
42 * Add --print-memory-usage option to report memory blocks usage.
43
44 * Add --require-defined option, it's like --undefined except the new symbol
45 must be defined by the end of the link.
46
47 Changes in 2.25:
48
49 * PE binaries now once again contain real timestamps by default. To disable
50 the inclusion of a timestamp in a PE binary, use the --no-insert-timestamp
51 command line option.
52
53 * Replace support for openrisc and or32 with support for or1k.
54
55 * Add support for the --build-id command line option to COFF based targets.
56
57 * x86/x86_64 pe-coff now supports the --build-id option.
58
59 * Add support for the Andes NDS32.
60
61 Changes in 2.24:
62
63 * Add LOG2CEIL() builtin function to the linker script language
64
65 * Add support for the Texas Instruments MSP430X processor.
66
67 * Add support for Altera Nios II.
68
69 * Add support for the V850E3V5 architecture.
70
71 * Add support for the Imagination Technologies Meta processor.
72
73 * --enable-new-dtags no longer generates old dtags in addition to new dtags.
74
75 * Remove linker support for MIPS ECOFF targets.
76
77 * Add ALIGN_WITH_INPUT to the linker script language to force the alignment of
78 an output section to use the maximum alignment of all its input sections.
79
80 Changes in 2.23:
81
82 * Enable compressed debug section feature for x86/x86_64 pe-coff.
83
84 * Add support for the 64-bit ARM architecture: AArch64.
85
86 * Added SORT_NONE to the linker script language to disable section sorting.
87
88 * Add a linker-provided symbol when producing ELF output, '__ehdr_start'
89 to point to the ELF file header (and nearby program headers) in the
90 program's memory image.
91
92 * Add support for S12X processor.
93
94 * Add support for the VLE extension to the PowerPC architecture.
95
96 * Add support for the Freescale XGATE architecture.
97
98 * Add option -f FILE on AIX (for response file).
99
100 * Add support for the Renesas RL78 architecture.
101
102 * Add support for the Adapteva EPIPHANY architecture.
103
104 Changes in 2.22:
105
106 * --copy-dt-needed-entries is no longer enabled by default. Instead
107 --no-copy-dt-needed-entries is the default.
108
109 * INPUT_SECTION_FLAGS has been added to the linker script language
110 to allow selection of input sections by section header section flags.
111
112 * Add support for the Tilera TILEPro and TILE-Gx architectures.
113
114 * Added SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY to the linker script language to permit
115 sorting sections by numerical value of the GCC init_priority attribute
116 encoded in the section name.
117
118 Changes in 2.21:
119
120 * Linker script expression evaluation is somewhat more sane. This may
121 break scripts that depend on quirks of the old expression evaluation.
122
123 * Turn off underscoring for x86_64 PE+-COFF targets. For old behavior the
124 option --enable-leading-mingw64-underscores can be used on configure of
125 bfd.
126
127 * Add support for the TMS320C6000 (TI C6X) processor family.
128
129 * --add-needed renamed to --copy-dt-needed-entries in order to avoid confusion
130 with --as-needed option.
131
132 * Extend .def file syntax by '== <ID>' for imports and exports. This allows
133 to alias the import/export table name written in PE image.
134
135 * Add --exclude-all-symbols option to PE based linkers. This prevents all
136 symbols from automatically being exported.
137
138 * Add support for the Renesas RX processor.
139
140 * Add support for alpha-vms target.
141
142 Changes in 2.20:
143
144 * GNU/Linux targets now support the STB_GNU_UNIQUE symbol binding. This is a
145 GNU extension to the standard set of ELF symbol bindings. The binding will
146 be passed on to the dynamic linker which will make sure that in the entire
147 process there is just one symbol with the given name and type in use.
148
149 * PE targets now support a GNU extension to allow the alignment of common
150 common symbols to be specified. This support uses custom options in
151 the .drectve section, which will be disregarded by the native tools.
152
153 * PE targets now add primitive support for ELF version scripts; symbols
154 are not versioned, but the local and global symbol visibility directives
155 are respected when filtering symbols in auto-export mode.
156
157 * New option --no-export-dynamic to undo the effect of the -E and
158 --export-dynamic options.
159
160 * ELF: --warn-alternate-em option to warn if an object has alternate
161 ELF machine code.
162
163 * New script function REGION_ALIAS to add alias names to memory regions.
164
165 * PE targets no longer make use of the long section names PE extension to
166 the COFF format when generating executable images, by default. The old
167 (slightly non-conformant) behaviour can still be invoked by using the
168 new '--enable-long-section-names' command-line option. It is also enabled
169 automatically in the presence of un-stripped debug information, as GDB
170 needs to be able to find the debug info sections by their full names.
171
172 * For GNU/Linux systems the linker will now avoid processing any relocations
173 made against symbols of the STT_GNU_IFUNC type and instead emit them into
174 the resulting binary for processing by the loader.
175
176 * --as-needed now links in a dynamic library if it satisfies undefined
177 symbols in regular objects, or in other dynamic libraries. In the
178 latter case the library is not linked if it is found in a DT_NEEDED
179 entry of one of the libraries already linked.
180
181 * Add a new command line option, -Ttext-segment ADDR, for ELF targets
182 to set the address of the first byte of the text segment.
183
184 * Add support for Sunplus score architecture.
185
186 * Add new option --use-nul-prefixed-import-tables to ld for PE targets to
187 allow fallback to old import table generation with null element prefix.
188
189 * Windows PE systems now support a new --exclude-modules-for-implib option,
190 allowing users to partition object files and archive members between a DLL
191 and its associated import library as they are generated during linking.
192
193 * Add support for Lattice Mico32 (lm32) architecture.
194
195 * Add CR16 ELF --embedded-relocs (used to embedded relocations into binaries
196 for Embedded-PIC code) option.
197
198 * Add to the PE/PE+ targets the support of two different kinds of
199 pseudo-relocations. They can be selected by the switches
200 --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc-v1 and --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc-v2.
201 For the switch --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc it uses for 32-bit
202 runtime pseudo relocation version one, for 64-bit the version two.
203
204 Changes in 2.19:
205
206 * Linker scripts support a new INSERT command that makes it easier to
207 augment the default script.
208
209 * Linker script input section filespecs may now specify a file within an
210 archive by writing "archive:file".
211
212 * The --sort-common switch now has an optional argument which specifies the
213 direction of sorting.
214
215 * The M68K linker now supports multiple GOT generation schemes controlled via
216 the --got=<type> command line option.
217
218 * The ARM EABI linker will now generate stubs for function calls to symbols
219 that are too far away. The placement of the stubs is controlled by a new
220 linker command line option: --stub-group-size=N.
221
222 Changes in 2.18:
223
224 * Linker sources now released under version 3 of the GNU General Public
225 License.
226
227 * ELF: New --build-id option to generate a unique per-binary identifier
228 embedded in a note section.
229
230 * Added support for National Semicondutor CompactRISC (ie CR16) target.
231
232 * -l:foo now searches the library path for a filename called foo,
233 without converting it to libfoo.a or libfoo.so.
234
235 * Add a new command line option '--default-script=FILE' or '-dT FILE'
236 which specifies a replacement for the built in, default linker
237 script.
238
239 * ELF: Add -Bsymbolic-functions, --dynamic-list-cpp-new, which puts C++
240 operator new and delete on the dynamic list, and --dynamic-list-data,
241 builtin list for --dynamic-list, which puts global data symbols on the
242 dynamic list.
243
244 * Add support for x86_64 PE+ target.
245
246 * Add support for Score target.
247
248 * ELF: Add --dynamic-list option to specify a list of global symbols
249 whose references shouldn't be bound to the definition within the
250 shared library, or a list of symbols which should be added to the
251 symbol table in the executable.
252
253 * The default output section LMA has changed for allocatable sections from
254 being equal to VMA, to keeping the difference between LMA and VMA the same as
255 the previous output section in the same region. This is a more useful
256 default when using overlays and other cases where you specify an LMA
257 differing from the VMA for some sections.
258
259 * New switch: --print-gc-sections to list any sections removed by garabge
260 collection.
261
262 * ARM: Added --vfp11-denorm-fix option to work around an erratum in current
263 VFP11 coprocessors.
264
265 Changes in 2.17:
266
267 * Support for the Infineon XC16X has been added by KPIT Cummins Infosystems.
268
269 * Modify the Linux linker search order to better match ld.so search order.
270 Look for DT_NEEDED libraries in paths specified by ld.so.conf before
271 searching the default directories, rather than vice versa.
272 Use $prefix/etc/ld.so.conf if it exists, otherwise /etc/ld.so.conf.
273
274 * PE-COFF: Forward exports from DLL's can now be specified in .def files
275 passed directly to ld.
276
277 * Support for the Z80 processor family has been added.
278
279 * Add support for the "@<file>" syntax to the command line, so that extra
280 switches can be read from <file>.
281
282 Changes in 2.16:
283
284 * Support for the R_ARM_V4BX relocation as defined in the ARM AAELF
285 specification has been added via the --fix-v4bx command-line option.
286
287 * New linker script construct AS_NEEDED(), which sets the --as-needed flag
288 for input files listed inside of it.
289
290 * A new command-line option, --sysroot, can be used to override the
291 default sysroot location. It only applies to toolchains that were
292 configured using --with-sysroot.
293
294 * New linker script functions: ORIGIN() and LENGTH() which return information
295 about a specified memory region.
296
297 * Port to MAXQ processor contributed by HCL Tech.
298
299 * Added SEGMENT_START to the linker script language to permit the user to
300 override the base address for a segment from the command-line.
301
302 * ELF: --warn-shared-textrel option to warn if adding a DT_TEXTREL to a shared
303 object.
304
305 * Added SORT_BY_NAME and SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT to the linker script
306 language to permit sorting sections by section name or section
307 maximum alignment.
308
309 * Added a new linker command line switch, --sort-section name|alignment,
310 to sort sections by section name or maximum alignment.
311
312 * ELF: --add-needed/--no-add-needed options to control if a DT_NEEDED tag
313 should be added when a shared library comes from DT_NEEDED tags.
314
315 * Support for the crx-elf target added.
316
317 * Support for the sh-symbianelf target added.
318
319 * A new linker command line switch has been added which allows the hash table
320 size to be set to a suitable prime value near to its argument. This switch
321 is --hash-size=<NUMBER>. Also if the switch --reduce-memory-overheads is
322 used, and --hash-size has not been used, then the default value will be set
323 to 1021.
324
325 * Linker map files are now generated with an O(N) algorithm for finding symbols
326 that are defined in each section. This uses about 40% more memory for
327 symbols than the old O(N^2) algorithm. You can use the new
328 --reduce-memory-overheads option to select the old algorithm; this option
329 might also be used in the future to select similar tradeoffs.
330
331 Changes in 2.15:
332
333 * ELF: --as-needed/--no-as-needed options to control if a DT_NEEDED tag should
334 be added only when a shared library is referenced.
335
336 * PE: --large-address-aware option to indicate executables support virtual
337 addresses greater than 2 gigabytes.
338
339 * DWARF 2 support for i386pe added.
340
341 * The linker script operator DEFINED() will now yield 1 only for a symbol that
342 is defined before the statement where DEFINED is used.
343
344 * The MIPS --embedded-relocs (used to embed relocations into binaries for
345 Embedded-PIC code) is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
346
347 * cr16c support added by NSC.
348
349 * m32r Linux (ELF) support added by Renesas.
350
351 * Improved linker's handling of unresolved symbols. The switch
352 --unresolved-symbols=<method> has been added to tell the linker when it
353 should report them and the switch --warn-unresolved-symbols has been added to
354 make reports be issued as warning messages rather than errors.
355
356 Changes in 2.14:
357
358 * Added support for Xtensa architecture.
359
360 * Added --with-sysroot configure switch to specify a target system root, for
361 linking against a target filesystem image.
362
363 * Added --accept-unknown-linker-format to restore old linker behaviour (pre
364 2.14) of silently accepting and linking in any files in an unknown binary
365 file format.
366
367 * Added --no-omagic to undo the effects of the -N option.
368
369 * Support for Texas Instruments TMS320C4x and TMS320C3x series of
370 DSP's contributed by Michael Hayes and Svein E. Seldal.
371
372 * Added --with-lib-path configure switch to specify default value for
373 LIB_PATH.
374
375 * ARM port to QNX operating system added by Graeme Peterson.
376
377 * IP2K support added by Denis Chertykov.
378
379 Changes in 2.13:
380
381 * Support for the Fujitsu FRV architecture added by Red Hat. Models for FR400
382 and FR500 included.
383
384 Changes in version 2.13:
385
386 * DEC VAX ELF support, by Matt Thomas.
387
388 Changes in version 2.12:
389
390 * Support for Don Knuth's MMIX, by Hans-Peter Nilsson.
391
392 * Support for the OpenRISC 32-bit embedded processor by OpenCores.
393
394 * Support for -z nocopyreloc in the x86 ELF linker, which disables
395 production of copy relocs. Warning: using this option may result in
396 non-sharable applications.
397
398 * Support for -z combreloc in the ELF linker, which puts dynamic
399 relocations against the same symbol together, so that dynamic linker
400 can use an one-entry symbol lookup cache.
401
402 * Support for ELF SHF_MERGE section merging, by Jakub Jelinek.
403
404 Changes in version 2.11:
405
406 * Support for AMD x86-64 architecture, by Jan Hubicka, SuSE Labs.
407
408 * Support added for eliminating duplicate DWARF2 debug information by
409 having the compiler generate the information in sections called
410 .gnu.linkonce.wi.XXXX where XXXX is a checksum for the contents. The
411 linker then merges these sections together into the normal .debug_info
412 section.
413
414 * The native ELF linker now searches the directories in DT_RUNPATH or
415 DT_RPATH of a shared library for shared libraries needed by it.
416
417 * TI C54x support, by Timothy Wall.
418
419 * Added command line switch --section-start to set the start address of any
420 specified section.
421
422 * Added ability to emit full relocation information in linked executables,
423 enabled by --emit-relocs. Some post-linkage optimization tools need
424 this information in order to be able to correctly identify and perform
425 symbol relative addressing in the event of changes in section contents
426 (instructions being added or deleted, extending data sections, etc.)
427
428 * Support for i860, by Jason Eckhardt (preliminary, alpha quality).
429
430 * Support for CRIS (Axis Communications ETRAX series).
431
432 * Support for PDP-11 and 2.11BSD a.out format, by Lars Brinkhoff.
433
434 Changes in version 2.10:
435
436 * Added AT> to the linker script language to allow load-time allocation of
437 sections into regions.
438
439 * Added garbage collection of unused sections, enabled by --gc-sections.
440 It does require a bit of backend support; currently implemented are
441 arm-elf, avr-elf, d10v-elf, fr30-elf, i386-elf, m32r-elf, m68k-elf,
442 mcore-elf, mips-elf, mn10300-elf, ppc-elf, sh-elf, sparc-elf, and v850-elf.
443 Others will ignore the option.
444
445 * Added SORT to the linker script language to permit sorting sections by file
446 name or section name.
447
448 * Added EXTERN to the linker script language as an equivalent to the -u
449 command-line option.
450
451 * Added ASSERT to the linker script language.
452
453 * Added EXCLUDE_FILE to the linker script language for further control over
454 wildcard file names.
455
456 * Added -O option to optimize linker output (as of this writing, this only
457 affects ELF shared library generation).
458
459 * The -e option now accepts a number as well as a symbol name.
460
461 * Added --no-undefined option to disallow undefined symbols when creating a
462 shared library.
463
464 * The linker now issues a warning, not an error, for an undefined symbol when
465 using -Bsymbolic; use the new --no-undefined option to get the old
466 behaviour.
467
468 * Added --demangle and --no-demangle options.
469
470 Changes in version 2.9:
471
472 * Added SQUAD to the linker script language.
473
474 * New option --no-warn-mismatch.
475
476 * The MEMORY command now parses the attributes to determine where sections that
477 are not placed in a specific memory region are placed.
478
479 Changes in version 2.8:
480
481 * Linker scripts may now contain shell wildcard characters for file and section
482 names.
483
484 * The linker now supports symbol versions in ELF.
485
486 * The NOCROSSREFS command was added to the linker script language.
487
488 * The LOADADDR expression was added to the linker script language.
489
490 * MAX and MIN functions were added to the linker script language.
491
492 * The OVERLAY construct was added to the linker script language.
493
494 * New option --warn-section-align to warn when the address of an output section
495 changes due to alignment of an input section.
496
497 * New options --filter/-F and --auxiliary/-f.
498
499 Changes in version 2.7:
500
501 * New option --cref to print out a cross reference table.
502
503 * New option --wrap SYMBOL.
504
505 * New option --no-whole-archive, to turn off the effect of --whole-archive.
506
507 * Input sections assigned to the output section /DISCARD/ in the linker script
508 are not included in the output file.
509
510 * The SunOS and ELF linkers now merge stabs debugging information which uses
511 the N_BINCL and N_EINCL stab types. This reduces the amount of debugging
512 information generated.
513
514 Changes in version 2.6:
515
516 * When an ELF section name is representable as a C identifier (this is not true
517 of most ELF section names), the linker will automatically define symbols
518 __start_SECNAME and __stop_SECNAME, where SECNAME is the section name, at the
519 beginning and the end of the section. This is used by glibc.
520
521 Addendum: Current versions of the linker (at least for version 2.18 onwards
522 and possibly much earlier as well) place two restrictions on this feature: The
523 symbols are only implemented for orphaned sections, not for explicitly placed
524 sections and they are PROVIDEd rather than being defined.
525
526 * When an ELF section named .gnu.warning is encountered in an input file, the
527 contents of the section are displayed as an error message, and the section is
528 not copied into the output file. This is used by glibc.
529
530 * When an ELF section named .gnu.warning.SYMBOL is encountered in an input
531 file, and the symbol SYMBOL is referenced by some object file, the contents of
532 the section are displayed as an error message. The section is not copied into
533 the output file, unless doing a relocatable or shared link. This is used by
534 glibc.
535
536 * New options -split-by-reloc and -split-by-file.
537
538 * The linker now supports linking PIC compiled code on SPARC SunOS. It can
539 also create SPARC SunOS shared libraries, and, like the native SunOS linker,
540 will do so whenever there is an undefined symbol in the link and neither the -e
541 nor the -r option was used.
542
543 * The -rpath option may be used on SunOS to set the list of directories to be
544 searched at run time. This overrides the default of building the list from the
545 -L options.
546
547 * The COFF linker now combines debugging information for structs, unions, and
548 enums, so that even if the same type is defined in multiple input files it will
549 only be defined once in the output file. The --traditional-format switch will
550 prevent this optimization.
551
552 Changes in version 2.5:
553
554 * The linker now supports linking against SunOS shared libraries. It still can
555 not link SunOS PIC (Position Independent Code) files, so it can not be used to
556 generate shared libraries.
557
558 * The linker now supports linking against ELF shared libraries for the i386
559 (UnixWare) and SPARC (Solaris). It can also link ELF PIC files, and can be
560 used to generate shared libraries. Shared library generation is not well
561 tested; please report any problems encountered. The linker is now enabled for
562 Solaris again.
563
564 * Eric Youngdale has contributed Linux support code, including linking against
565 Linux a.out shared libraries. The linker produces Linux QMAGIC binaries.
566
567 * The ELF backend has been converted to the new linker code. To use the new
568 ELF linker, each particular target requires a relocation function. So far,
569 this function has been written for i386 (UnixWare), SPARC (Solaris) MIPS (Irix
570 5), and HPPA ELF targets.
571
572 * The -( (--start-group) and -) (--end-group) options have been added to
573 support searching a group of archives as though they were a single archive.
574 This can also be used in a linker script, as GROUP ( files ).
575
576 * When a file is named on the command line, and the linker does not recognize
577 it as an object file, the linker will now treat the file as a linker script
578 file. A linker script named in this way augments, but does not replace, the
579 default linker script.
580
581 * The -warn-once option was added. It causes the linker to only warn once per
582 undefined symbol, rather than once per reference.
583
584 * The COFF backend has been converted to the new linker code. As with ELF, to
585 use the new linker, each particular target requires a relocation function. So
586 far, this function has been written for the i386, m68k, a29k and SH targets.
587
588 * The -V flag was made a synonym for -v, for SVR4 compatibility. The old -V
589 behaviour is available via --verbose.
590
591 Changes in version 2.4:
592
593 * New linker code, by Steve Chamberlain and Ian Taylor. For a.out and ecoff
594 formats (so far), this should result in considerable savings in time
595 and memory used while linking; slightly poorer performance than
596 before for formats not converted yet.
597
598 * Command-line parsing is no longer done with flex. This means
599 oddball characters in filenames won't get treated as argument
600 separators.
601
602 * HP-PA ELF support, by Jeff Law. (No SOM support yet.)
603
604 * Mach i386 support, by David Mackenzie.
605
606 * Irix 4 shared libraries are now supported (Irix 5 uses ELF, and ELF shared
607 libraries are not yet supported).
608
609 * COFF shared libraries (as on SCO) should work as well.
610
611 * The linker is disabled for Solaris. (Actually, it was in 2.3 also, I just
612 forgot to note it.) Some of their C library routines don't work when
613 statically linked, and the GNU linker doesn't support dynamic linking yet.
614
615 Changes in version 2.3:
616
617 * Weak symbols are now supported.
618
619 * ELF support has been added. The linker has been bootstrapped on
620 UnixWare and Solaris.
621
622 * Alpha OSF/1 support has been added (non dynamic linking only).
623
624 Changes in version 2.2:
625
626 * The `bfd' library has been updated to reduce a.out-format string
627 table size. The effect of this is that files linked from many input
628 files with duplicate symbols (`-g' debugging records, or identical
629 static symbols) should be much smaller.
630
631 Changes in version 2.1:
632
633 * The ld -ySYMBOL flag (to trace references to SYMBOL) is now implemented.
634
635 * There is now support for writing ECOFF files, so ld and the
636 other utilities should work on Risc/Ultrix and Irix.
637
638 \f
639 Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
640
641 Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
642 are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
643 notice and this notice are preserved.
644
645 Local variables:
646 fill-column: 79
647 End:
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