update many old style function definitions
[deliverable/binutils-gdb.git] / ld / NEWS
1 -*- text -*-
2
3 * Support for -z noreloc-overflow in the x86-64 ELF linker to disable
4 relocation overflow check.
5
6 * Add -z common/-z nocommon options for ELF targets to control whether to
7 convert common symbols to the STT_COMMON type during a relocatable link.
8
9 * Support for -z nodynamic-undefined-weak in the x86 ELF linker, which
10 avoids dynamic relocations against undefined weak symbols in executable.
11
12 * The NOCROSSREFSTO command was added to the linker script language.
13
14 Changes in 2.26:
15
16 * Add --fix-stm32l4xx-629360 to the ARM linker to enable a link-time
17 workaround for a bug in the bus matrix / memory controller for some of
18 the STM32 Cortex-M4 based products (STM32L4xx)
19
20 * Add a configure option --enable-compressed-debug-sections={all,ld} to
21 decide whether DWARF debug sections should be compressed by default.
22
23 * Add support for the ARC EM/HS, and ARC600/700 architectures.
24
25 * Experimental support for linker garbage collection (--gc-sections)
26 has been enabled for COFF and PE based targets.
27
28 * New command line option for ELF targets to compress DWARF debug
29 sections, --compress-debug-sections=[none|zlib|zlib-gnu|zlib-gabi].
30
31 * New command line option, --orphan-handling=[place|warn|error|discard], to
32 adjust how orphan sections are handled. The default is 'place' which gives
33 the current behaviour, 'warn' and 'error' issue a warning or error
34 respectively when orphan sections are found, and 'discard' will discard all
35 orphan sections.
36
37 * Add support for LLVM plugin.
38
39 * Add --print-memory-usage option to report memory blocks usage.
40
41 * Add --require-defined option, it's like --undefined except the new symbol
42 must be defined by the end of the link.
43
44 Changes in 2.25:
45
46 * PE binaries now once again contain real timestamps by default. To disable
47 the inclusion of a timestamp in a PE binary, use the --no-insert-timestamp
48 command line option.
49
50 * Replace support for openrisc and or32 with support for or1k.
51
52 * Add support for the --build-id command line option to COFF based targets.
53
54 * x86/x86_64 pe-coff now supports the --build-id option.
55
56 * Add support for the Andes NDS32.
57
58 Changes in 2.24:
59
60 * Add LOG2CEIL() builtin function to the linker script language
61
62 * Add support for the Texas Instruments MSP430X processor.
63
64 * Add support for Altera Nios II.
65
66 * Add support for the V850E3V5 architecture.
67
68 * Add support for the Imagination Technologies Meta processor.
69
70 * --enable-new-dtags no longer generates old dtags in addition to new dtags.
71
72 * Remove linker support for MIPS ECOFF targets.
73
74 * Add ALIGN_WITH_INPUT to the linker script language to force the alignment of
75 an output section to use the maximum alignment of all its input sections.
76
77 Changes in 2.23:
78
79 * Enable compressed debug section feature for x86/x86_64 pe-coff.
80
81 * Add support for the 64-bit ARM architecture: AArch64.
82
83 * Added SORT_NONE to the linker script language to disable section sorting.
84
85 * Add a linker-provided symbol when producing ELF output, '__ehdr_start'
86 to point to the ELF file header (and nearby program headers) in the
87 program's memory image.
88
89 * Add support for S12X processor.
90
91 * Add support for the VLE extension to the PowerPC architecture.
92
93 * Add support for the Freescale XGATE architecture.
94
95 * Add option -f FILE on AIX (for response file).
96
97 * Add support for the Renesas RL78 architecture.
98
99 * Add support for the Adapteva EPIPHANY architecture.
100
101 Changes in 2.22:
102
103 * --copy-dt-needed-entries is no longer enabled by default. Instead
104 --no-copy-dt-needed-entries is the default.
105
106 * INPUT_SECTION_FLAGS has been added to the linker script language
107 to allow selection of input sections by section header section flags.
108
109 * Add support for the Tilera TILEPro and TILE-Gx architectures.
110
111 * Added SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY to the linker script language to permit
112 sorting sections by numerical value of the GCC init_priority attribute
113 encoded in the section name.
114
115 Changes in 2.21:
116
117 * Linker script expression evaluation is somewhat more sane. This may
118 break scripts that depend on quirks of the old expression evaluation.
119
120 * Turn off underscoring for x86_64 PE+-COFF targets. For old behavior the
121 option --enable-leading-mingw64-underscores can be used on configure of
122 bfd.
123
124 * Add support for the TMS320C6000 (TI C6X) processor family.
125
126 * --add-needed renamed to --copy-dt-needed-entries in order to avoid confusion
127 with --as-needed option.
128
129 * Extend .def file syntax by '== <ID>' for imports and exports. This allows
130 to alias the import/export table name written in PE image.
131
132 * Add --exclude-all-symbols option to PE based linkers. This prevents all
133 symbols from automatically being exported.
134
135 * Add support for the Renesas RX processor.
136
137 * Add support for alpha-vms target.
138
139 Changes in 2.20:
140
141 * GNU/Linux targets now support the STB_GNU_UNIQUE symbol binding. This is a
142 GNU extension to the standard set of ELF symbol bindings. The binding will
143 be passed on to the dynamic linker which will make sure that in the entire
144 process there is just one symbol with the given name and type in use.
145
146 * PE targets now support a GNU extension to allow the alignment of common
147 common symbols to be specified. This support uses custom options in
148 the .drectve section, which will be disregarded by the native tools.
149
150 * PE targets now add primitive support for ELF version scripts; symbols
151 are not versioned, but the local and global symbol visibility directives
152 are respected when filtering symbols in auto-export mode.
153
154 * New option --no-export-dynamic to undo the effect of the -E and
155 --export-dynamic options.
156
157 * ELF: --warn-alternate-em option to warn if an object has alternate
158 ELF machine code.
159
160 * New script function REGION_ALIAS to add alias names to memory regions.
161
162 * PE targets no longer make use of the long section names PE extension to
163 the COFF format when generating executable images, by default. The old
164 (slightly non-conformant) behaviour can still be invoked by using the
165 new '--enable-long-section-names' command-line option. It is also enabled
166 automatically in the presence of un-stripped debug information, as GDB
167 needs to be able to find the debug info sections by their full names.
168
169 * For GNU/Linux systems the linker will now avoid processing any relocations
170 made against symbols of the STT_GNU_IFUNC type and instead emit them into
171 the resulting binary for processing by the loader.
172
173 * --as-needed now links in a dynamic library if it satisfies undefined
174 symbols in regular objects, or in other dynamic libraries. In the
175 latter case the library is not linked if it is found in a DT_NEEDED
176 entry of one of the libraries already linked.
177
178 * Add a new command line option, -Ttext-segment ADDR, for ELF targets
179 to set the address of the first byte of the text segment.
180
181 * Add support for Sunplus score architecture.
182
183 * Add new option --use-nul-prefixed-import-tables to ld for PE targets to
184 allow fallback to old import table generation with null element prefix.
185
186 * Windows PE systems now support a new --exclude-modules-for-implib option,
187 allowing users to partition object files and archive members between a DLL
188 and its associated import library as they are generated during linking.
189
190 * Add support for Lattice Mico32 (lm32) architecture.
191
192 * Add CR16 ELF --embedded-relocs (used to embedded relocations into binaries
193 for Embedded-PIC code) option.
194
195 * Add to the PE/PE+ targets the support of two different kinds of
196 pseudo-relocations. They can be selected by the switches
197 --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc-v1 and --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc-v2.
198 For the switch --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc it uses for 32-bit
199 runtime pseudo relocation version one, for 64-bit the version two.
200
201 Changes in 2.19:
202
203 * Linker scripts support a new INSERT command that makes it easier to
204 augment the default script.
205
206 * Linker script input section filespecs may now specify a file within an
207 archive by writing "archive:file".
208
209 * The --sort-common switch now has an optional argument which specifies the
210 direction of sorting.
211
212 * The M68K linker now supports multiple GOT generation schemes controlled via
213 the --got=<type> command line option.
214
215 * The ARM EABI linker will now generate stubs for function calls to symbols
216 that are too far away. The placement of the stubs is controlled by a new
217 linker command line option: --stub-group-size=N.
218
219 Changes in 2.18:
220
221 * Linker sources now released under version 3 of the GNU General Public
222 License.
223
224 * ELF: New --build-id option to generate a unique per-binary identifier
225 embedded in a note section.
226
227 * Added support for National Semicondutor CompactRISC (ie CR16) target.
228
229 * -l:foo now searches the library path for a filename called foo,
230 without converting it to libfoo.a or libfoo.so.
231
232 * Add a new command line option '--default-script=FILE' or '-dT FILE'
233 which specifies a replacement for the built in, default linker
234 script.
235
236 * ELF: Add -Bsymbolic-functions, --dynamic-list-cpp-new, which puts C++
237 operator new and delete on the dynamic list, and --dynamic-list-data,
238 builtin list for --dynamic-list, which puts global data symbols on the
239 dynamic list.
240
241 * Add support for x86_64 PE+ target.
242
243 * Add support for Score target.
244
245 * ELF: Add --dynamic-list option to specify a list of global symbols
246 whose references shouldn't be bound to the definition within the
247 shared library, or a list of symbols which should be added to the
248 symbol table in the executable.
249
250 * The default output section LMA has changed for allocatable sections from
251 being equal to VMA, to keeping the difference between LMA and VMA the same as
252 the previous output section in the same region. This is a more useful
253 default when using overlays and other cases where you specify an LMA
254 differing from the VMA for some sections.
255
256 * New switch: --print-gc-sections to list any sections removed by garabge
257 collection.
258
259 * ARM: Added --vfp11-denorm-fix option to work around an erratum in current
260 VFP11 coprocessors.
261
262 Changes in 2.17:
263
264 * Support for the Infineon XC16X has been added by KPIT Cummins Infosystems.
265
266 * Modify the Linux linker search order to better match ld.so search order.
267 Look for DT_NEEDED libraries in paths specified by ld.so.conf before
268 searching the default directories, rather than vice versa.
269 Use $prefix/etc/ld.so.conf if it exists, otherwise /etc/ld.so.conf.
270
271 * PE-COFF: Forward exports from DLL's can now be specified in .def files
272 passed directly to ld.
273
274 * Support for the Z80 processor family has been added.
275
276 * Add support for the "@<file>" syntax to the command line, so that extra
277 switches can be read from <file>.
278
279 Changes in 2.16:
280
281 * Support for the R_ARM_V4BX relocation as defined in the ARM AAELF
282 specification has been added via the --fix-v4bx command-line option.
283
284 * New linker script construct AS_NEEDED(), which sets the --as-needed flag
285 for input files listed inside of it.
286
287 * A new command-line option, --sysroot, can be used to override the
288 default sysroot location. It only applies to toolchains that were
289 configured using --with-sysroot.
290
291 * New linker script functions: ORIGIN() and LENGTH() which return information
292 about a specified memory region.
293
294 * Port to MAXQ processor contributed by HCL Tech.
295
296 * Added SEGMENT_START to the linker script language to permit the user to
297 override the base address for a segment from the command-line.
298
299 * ELF: --warn-shared-textrel option to warn if adding a DT_TEXTREL to a shared
300 object.
301
302 * Added SORT_BY_NAME and SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT to the linker script
303 language to permit sorting sections by section name or section
304 maximum alignment.
305
306 * Added a new linker command line switch, --sort-section name|alignment,
307 to sort sections by section name or maximum alignment.
308
309 * ELF: --add-needed/--no-add-needed options to control if a DT_NEEDED tag
310 should be added when a shared library comes from DT_NEEDED tags.
311
312 * Support for the crx-elf target added.
313
314 * Support for the sh-symbianelf target added.
315
316 * A new linker command line switch has been added which allows the hash table
317 size to be set to a suitable prime value near to its argument. This switch
318 is --hash-size=<NUMBER>. Also if the switch --reduce-memory-overheads is
319 used, and --hash-size has not been used, then the default value will be set
320 to 1021.
321
322 * Linker map files are now generated with an O(N) algorithm for finding symbols
323 that are defined in each section. This uses about 40% more memory for
324 symbols than the old O(N^2) algorithm. You can use the new
325 --reduce-memory-overheads option to select the old algorithm; this option
326 might also be used in the future to select similar tradeoffs.
327
328 Changes in 2.15:
329
330 * ELF: --as-needed/--no-as-needed options to control if a DT_NEEDED tag should
331 be added only when a shared library is referenced.
332
333 * PE: --large-address-aware option to indicate executables support virtual
334 addresses greater than 2 gigabytes.
335
336 * DWARF 2 support for i386pe added.
337
338 * The linker script operator DEFINED() will now yield 1 only for a symbol that
339 is defined before the statement where DEFINED is used.
340
341 * The MIPS --embedded-relocs (used to embed relocations into binaries for
342 Embedded-PIC code) is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
343
344 * cr16c support added by NSC.
345
346 * m32r Linux (ELF) support added by Renesas.
347
348 * Improved linker's handling of unresolved symbols. The switch
349 --unresolved-symbols=<method> has been added to tell the linker when it
350 should report them and the switch --warn-unresolved-symbols has been added to
351 make reports be issued as warning messages rather than errors.
352
353 Changes in 2.14:
354
355 * Added support for Xtensa architecture.
356
357 * Added --with-sysroot configure switch to specify a target system root, for
358 linking against a target filesystem image.
359
360 * Added --accept-unknown-linker-format to restore old linker behaviour (pre
361 2.14) of silently accepting and linking in any files in an unknown binary
362 file format.
363
364 * Added --no-omagic to undo the effects of the -N option.
365
366 * Support for Texas Instruments TMS320C4x and TMS320C3x series of
367 DSP's contributed by Michael Hayes and Svein E. Seldal.
368
369 * Added --with-lib-path configure switch to specify default value for
370 LIB_PATH.
371
372 * ARM port to QNX operating system added by Graeme Peterson.
373
374 * IP2K support added by Denis Chertykov.
375
376 Changes in 2.13:
377
378 * Support for the Fujitsu FRV architecture added by Red Hat. Models for FR400
379 and FR500 included.
380
381 Changes in version 2.13:
382
383 * DEC VAX ELF support, by Matt Thomas.
384
385 Changes in version 2.12:
386
387 * Support for Don Knuth's MMIX, by Hans-Peter Nilsson.
388
389 * Support for the OpenRISC 32-bit embedded processor by OpenCores.
390
391 * Support for -z nocopyreloc in the x86 ELF linker, which disables
392 production of copy relocs. Warning: using this option may result in
393 non-sharable applications.
394
395 * Support for -z combreloc in the ELF linker, which puts dynamic
396 relocations against the same symbol together, so that dynamic linker
397 can use an one-entry symbol lookup cache.
398
399 * Support for ELF SHF_MERGE section merging, by Jakub Jelinek.
400
401 Changes in version 2.11:
402
403 * Support for AMD x86-64 architecture, by Jan Hubicka, SuSE Labs.
404
405 * Support added for eliminating duplicate DWARF2 debug information by
406 having the compiler generate the information in sections called
407 .gnu.linkonce.wi.XXXX where XXXX is a checksum for the contents. The
408 linker then merges these sections together into the normal .debug_info
409 section.
410
411 * The native ELF linker now searches the directories in DT_RUNPATH or
412 DT_RPATH of a shared library for shared libraries needed by it.
413
414 * TI C54x support, by Timothy Wall.
415
416 * Added command line switch --section-start to set the start address of any
417 specified section.
418
419 * Added ability to emit full relocation information in linked executables,
420 enabled by --emit-relocs. Some post-linkage optimization tools need
421 this information in order to be able to correctly identify and perform
422 symbol relative addressing in the event of changes in section contents
423 (instructions being added or deleted, extending data sections, etc.)
424
425 * Support for i860, by Jason Eckhardt (preliminary, alpha quality).
426
427 * Support for CRIS (Axis Communications ETRAX series).
428
429 * Support for PDP-11 and 2.11BSD a.out format, by Lars Brinkhoff.
430
431 Changes in version 2.10:
432
433 * Added AT> to the linker script language to allow load-time allocation of
434 sections into regions.
435
436 * Added garbage collection of unused sections, enabled by --gc-sections.
437 It does require a bit of backend support; currently implemented are
438 arm-elf, avr-elf, d10v-elf, fr30-elf, i386-elf, m32r-elf, m68k-elf,
439 mcore-elf, mips-elf, mn10300-elf, ppc-elf, sh-elf, sparc-elf, and v850-elf.
440 Others will ignore the option.
441
442 * Added SORT to the linker script language to permit sorting sections by file
443 name or section name.
444
445 * Added EXTERN to the linker script language as an equivalent to the -u
446 command-line option.
447
448 * Added ASSERT to the linker script language.
449
450 * Added EXCLUDE_FILE to the linker script language for further control over
451 wildcard file names.
452
453 * Added -O option to optimize linker output (as of this writing, this only
454 affects ELF shared library generation).
455
456 * The -e option now accepts a number as well as a symbol name.
457
458 * Added --no-undefined option to disallow undefined symbols when creating a
459 shared library.
460
461 * The linker now issues a warning, not an error, for an undefined symbol when
462 using -Bsymbolic; use the new --no-undefined option to get the old
463 behaviour.
464
465 * Added --demangle and --no-demangle options.
466
467 Changes in version 2.9:
468
469 * Added SQUAD to the linker script language.
470
471 * New option --no-warn-mismatch.
472
473 * The MEMORY command now parses the attributes to determine where sections that
474 are not placed in a specific memory region are placed.
475
476 Changes in version 2.8:
477
478 * Linker scripts may now contain shell wildcard characters for file and section
479 names.
480
481 * The linker now supports symbol versions in ELF.
482
483 * The NOCROSSREFS command was added to the linker script language.
484
485 * The LOADADDR expression was added to the linker script language.
486
487 * MAX and MIN functions were added to the linker script language.
488
489 * The OVERLAY construct was added to the linker script language.
490
491 * New option --warn-section-align to warn when the address of an output section
492 changes due to alignment of an input section.
493
494 * New options --filter/-F and --auxiliary/-f.
495
496 Changes in version 2.7:
497
498 * New option --cref to print out a cross reference table.
499
500 * New option --wrap SYMBOL.
501
502 * New option --no-whole-archive, to turn off the effect of --whole-archive.
503
504 * Input sections assigned to the output section /DISCARD/ in the linker script
505 are not included in the output file.
506
507 * The SunOS and ELF linkers now merge stabs debugging information which uses
508 the N_BINCL and N_EINCL stab types. This reduces the amount of debugging
509 information generated.
510
511 Changes in version 2.6:
512
513 * When an ELF section name is representable as a C identifier (this is not true
514 of most ELF section names), the linker will automatically define symbols
515 __start_SECNAME and __stop_SECNAME, where SECNAME is the section name, at the
516 beginning and the end of the section. This is used by glibc.
517
518 Addendum: Current versions of the linker (at least for version 2.18 onwards
519 and possibly much earlier as well) place two restrictions on this feature: The
520 symbols are only implemented for orphaned sections, not for explicitly placed
521 sections and they are PROVIDEd rather than being defined.
522
523 * When an ELF section named .gnu.warning is encountered in an input file, the
524 contents of the section are displayed as an error message, and the section is
525 not copied into the output file. This is used by glibc.
526
527 * When an ELF section named .gnu.warning.SYMBOL is encountered in an input
528 file, and the symbol SYMBOL is referenced by some object file, the contents of
529 the section are displayed as an error message. The section is not copied into
530 the output file, unless doing a relocatable or shared link. This is used by
531 glibc.
532
533 * New options -split-by-reloc and -split-by-file.
534
535 * The linker now supports linking PIC compiled code on SPARC SunOS. It can
536 also create SPARC SunOS shared libraries, and, like the native SunOS linker,
537 will do so whenever there is an undefined symbol in the link and neither the -e
538 nor the -r option was used.
539
540 * The -rpath option may be used on SunOS to set the list of directories to be
541 searched at run time. This overrides the default of building the list from the
542 -L options.
543
544 * The COFF linker now combines debugging information for structs, unions, and
545 enums, so that even if the same type is defined in multiple input files it will
546 only be defined once in the output file. The --traditional-format switch will
547 prevent this optimization.
548
549 Changes in version 2.5:
550
551 * The linker now supports linking against SunOS shared libraries. It still can
552 not link SunOS PIC (Position Independent Code) files, so it can not be used to
553 generate shared libraries.
554
555 * The linker now supports linking against ELF shared libraries for the i386
556 (UnixWare) and SPARC (Solaris). It can also link ELF PIC files, and can be
557 used to generate shared libraries. Shared library generation is not well
558 tested; please report any problems encountered. The linker is now enabled for
559 Solaris again.
560
561 * Eric Youngdale has contributed Linux support code, including linking against
562 Linux a.out shared libraries. The linker produces Linux QMAGIC binaries.
563
564 * The ELF backend has been converted to the new linker code. To use the new
565 ELF linker, each particular target requires a relocation function. So far,
566 this function has been written for i386 (UnixWare), SPARC (Solaris) MIPS (Irix
567 5), and HPPA ELF targets.
568
569 * The -( (--start-group) and -) (--end-group) options have been added to
570 support searching a group of archives as though they were a single archive.
571 This can also be used in a linker script, as GROUP ( files ).
572
573 * When a file is named on the command line, and the linker does not recognize
574 it as an object file, the linker will now treat the file as a linker script
575 file. A linker script named in this way augments, but does not replace, the
576 default linker script.
577
578 * The -warn-once option was added. It causes the linker to only warn once per
579 undefined symbol, rather than once per reference.
580
581 * The COFF backend has been converted to the new linker code. As with ELF, to
582 use the new linker, each particular target requires a relocation function. So
583 far, this function has been written for the i386, m68k, a29k and SH targets.
584
585 * The -V flag was made a synonym for -v, for SVR4 compatibility. The old -V
586 behaviour is available via --verbose.
587
588 Changes in version 2.4:
589
590 * New linker code, by Steve Chamberlain and Ian Taylor. For a.out and ecoff
591 formats (so far), this should result in considerable savings in time
592 and memory used while linking; slightly poorer performance than
593 before for formats not converted yet.
594
595 * Command-line parsing is no longer done with flex. This means
596 oddball characters in filenames won't get treated as argument
597 separators.
598
599 * HP-PA ELF support, by Jeff Law. (No SOM support yet.)
600
601 * Mach i386 support, by David Mackenzie.
602
603 * Irix 4 shared libraries are now supported (Irix 5 uses ELF, and ELF shared
604 libraries are not yet supported).
605
606 * COFF shared libraries (as on SCO) should work as well.
607
608 * The linker is disabled for Solaris. (Actually, it was in 2.3 also, I just
609 forgot to note it.) Some of their C library routines don't work when
610 statically linked, and the GNU linker doesn't support dynamic linking yet.
611
612 Changes in version 2.3:
613
614 * Weak symbols are now supported.
615
616 * ELF support has been added. The linker has been bootstrapped on
617 UnixWare and Solaris.
618
619 * Alpha OSF/1 support has been added (non dynamic linking only).
620
621 Changes in version 2.2:
622
623 * The `bfd' library has been updated to reduce a.out-format string
624 table size. The effect of this is that files linked from many input
625 files with duplicate symbols (`-g' debugging records, or identical
626 static symbols) should be much smaller.
627
628 Changes in version 2.1:
629
630 * The ld -ySYMBOL flag (to trace references to SYMBOL) is now implemented.
631
632 * There is now support for writing ECOFF files, so ld and the
633 other utilities should work on Risc/Ultrix and Irix.
634
635 \f
636 Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
637
638 Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
639 are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
640 notice and this notice are preserved.
641
642 Local variables:
643 fill-column: 79
644 End:
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