ld: Add a linker configure option --enable-relro
[deliverable/binutils-gdb.git] / ld / NEWS
1 -*- text -*-
2
3 * Add a configure option --enable-relro to decide whether -z relro should
4 be enabled in ELF linker by default. Default to yes for all Linux
5 targets except FRV, HPPA, IA64 and MIPS.
6
7 * Support for -z noreloc-overflow in the x86-64 ELF linker to disable
8 relocation overflow check.
9
10 * Add -z common/-z nocommon options for ELF targets to control whether to
11 convert common symbols to the STT_COMMON type during a relocatable link.
12
13 * Support for -z nodynamic-undefined-weak in the x86 ELF linker, which
14 avoids dynamic relocations against undefined weak symbols in executable.
15
16 * The NOCROSSREFSTO command was added to the linker script language.
17
18 * Add --no-apply-dynamic-relocs to the AArch64 linker to do not apply link-time
19 values for dynamic relocations.
20
21 Changes in 2.26:
22
23 * Add --fix-stm32l4xx-629360 to the ARM linker to enable a link-time
24 workaround for a bug in the bus matrix / memory controller for some of
25 the STM32 Cortex-M4 based products (STM32L4xx)
26
27 * Add a configure option --enable-compressed-debug-sections={all,ld} to
28 decide whether DWARF debug sections should be compressed by default.
29
30 * Add support for the ARC EM/HS, and ARC600/700 architectures.
31
32 * Experimental support for linker garbage collection (--gc-sections)
33 has been enabled for COFF and PE based targets.
34
35 * New command line option for ELF targets to compress DWARF debug
36 sections, --compress-debug-sections=[none|zlib|zlib-gnu|zlib-gabi].
37
38 * New command line option, --orphan-handling=[place|warn|error|discard], to
39 adjust how orphan sections are handled. The default is 'place' which gives
40 the current behaviour, 'warn' and 'error' issue a warning or error
41 respectively when orphan sections are found, and 'discard' will discard all
42 orphan sections.
43
44 * Add support for LLVM plugin.
45
46 * Add --print-memory-usage option to report memory blocks usage.
47
48 * Add --require-defined option, it's like --undefined except the new symbol
49 must be defined by the end of the link.
50
51 Changes in 2.25:
52
53 * PE binaries now once again contain real timestamps by default. To disable
54 the inclusion of a timestamp in a PE binary, use the --no-insert-timestamp
55 command line option.
56
57 * Replace support for openrisc and or32 with support for or1k.
58
59 * Add support for the --build-id command line option to COFF based targets.
60
61 * x86/x86_64 pe-coff now supports the --build-id option.
62
63 * Add support for the Andes NDS32.
64
65 Changes in 2.24:
66
67 * Add LOG2CEIL() builtin function to the linker script language
68
69 * Add support for the Texas Instruments MSP430X processor.
70
71 * Add support for Altera Nios II.
72
73 * Add support for the V850E3V5 architecture.
74
75 * Add support for the Imagination Technologies Meta processor.
76
77 * --enable-new-dtags no longer generates old dtags in addition to new dtags.
78
79 * Remove linker support for MIPS ECOFF targets.
80
81 * Add ALIGN_WITH_INPUT to the linker script language to force the alignment of
82 an output section to use the maximum alignment of all its input sections.
83
84 Changes in 2.23:
85
86 * Enable compressed debug section feature for x86/x86_64 pe-coff.
87
88 * Add support for the 64-bit ARM architecture: AArch64.
89
90 * Added SORT_NONE to the linker script language to disable section sorting.
91
92 * Add a linker-provided symbol when producing ELF output, '__ehdr_start'
93 to point to the ELF file header (and nearby program headers) in the
94 program's memory image.
95
96 * Add support for S12X processor.
97
98 * Add support for the VLE extension to the PowerPC architecture.
99
100 * Add support for the Freescale XGATE architecture.
101
102 * Add option -f FILE on AIX (for response file).
103
104 * Add support for the Renesas RL78 architecture.
105
106 * Add support for the Adapteva EPIPHANY architecture.
107
108 Changes in 2.22:
109
110 * --copy-dt-needed-entries is no longer enabled by default. Instead
111 --no-copy-dt-needed-entries is the default.
112
113 * INPUT_SECTION_FLAGS has been added to the linker script language
114 to allow selection of input sections by section header section flags.
115
116 * Add support for the Tilera TILEPro and TILE-Gx architectures.
117
118 * Added SORT_BY_INIT_PRIORITY to the linker script language to permit
119 sorting sections by numerical value of the GCC init_priority attribute
120 encoded in the section name.
121
122 Changes in 2.21:
123
124 * Linker script expression evaluation is somewhat more sane. This may
125 break scripts that depend on quirks of the old expression evaluation.
126
127 * Turn off underscoring for x86_64 PE+-COFF targets. For old behavior the
128 option --enable-leading-mingw64-underscores can be used on configure of
129 bfd.
130
131 * Add support for the TMS320C6000 (TI C6X) processor family.
132
133 * --add-needed renamed to --copy-dt-needed-entries in order to avoid confusion
134 with --as-needed option.
135
136 * Extend .def file syntax by '== <ID>' for imports and exports. This allows
137 to alias the import/export table name written in PE image.
138
139 * Add --exclude-all-symbols option to PE based linkers. This prevents all
140 symbols from automatically being exported.
141
142 * Add support for the Renesas RX processor.
143
144 * Add support for alpha-vms target.
145
146 Changes in 2.20:
147
148 * GNU/Linux targets now support the STB_GNU_UNIQUE symbol binding. This is a
149 GNU extension to the standard set of ELF symbol bindings. The binding will
150 be passed on to the dynamic linker which will make sure that in the entire
151 process there is just one symbol with the given name and type in use.
152
153 * PE targets now support a GNU extension to allow the alignment of common
154 common symbols to be specified. This support uses custom options in
155 the .drectve section, which will be disregarded by the native tools.
156
157 * PE targets now add primitive support for ELF version scripts; symbols
158 are not versioned, but the local and global symbol visibility directives
159 are respected when filtering symbols in auto-export mode.
160
161 * New option --no-export-dynamic to undo the effect of the -E and
162 --export-dynamic options.
163
164 * ELF: --warn-alternate-em option to warn if an object has alternate
165 ELF machine code.
166
167 * New script function REGION_ALIAS to add alias names to memory regions.
168
169 * PE targets no longer make use of the long section names PE extension to
170 the COFF format when generating executable images, by default. The old
171 (slightly non-conformant) behaviour can still be invoked by using the
172 new '--enable-long-section-names' command-line option. It is also enabled
173 automatically in the presence of un-stripped debug information, as GDB
174 needs to be able to find the debug info sections by their full names.
175
176 * For GNU/Linux systems the linker will now avoid processing any relocations
177 made against symbols of the STT_GNU_IFUNC type and instead emit them into
178 the resulting binary for processing by the loader.
179
180 * --as-needed now links in a dynamic library if it satisfies undefined
181 symbols in regular objects, or in other dynamic libraries. In the
182 latter case the library is not linked if it is found in a DT_NEEDED
183 entry of one of the libraries already linked.
184
185 * Add a new command line option, -Ttext-segment ADDR, for ELF targets
186 to set the address of the first byte of the text segment.
187
188 * Add support for Sunplus score architecture.
189
190 * Add new option --use-nul-prefixed-import-tables to ld for PE targets to
191 allow fallback to old import table generation with null element prefix.
192
193 * Windows PE systems now support a new --exclude-modules-for-implib option,
194 allowing users to partition object files and archive members between a DLL
195 and its associated import library as they are generated during linking.
196
197 * Add support for Lattice Mico32 (lm32) architecture.
198
199 * Add CR16 ELF --embedded-relocs (used to embedded relocations into binaries
200 for Embedded-PIC code) option.
201
202 * Add to the PE/PE+ targets the support of two different kinds of
203 pseudo-relocations. They can be selected by the switches
204 --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc-v1 and --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc-v2.
205 For the switch --enable-runtime-pseudo-reloc it uses for 32-bit
206 runtime pseudo relocation version one, for 64-bit the version two.
207
208 Changes in 2.19:
209
210 * Linker scripts support a new INSERT command that makes it easier to
211 augment the default script.
212
213 * Linker script input section filespecs may now specify a file within an
214 archive by writing "archive:file".
215
216 * The --sort-common switch now has an optional argument which specifies the
217 direction of sorting.
218
219 * The M68K linker now supports multiple GOT generation schemes controlled via
220 the --got=<type> command line option.
221
222 * The ARM EABI linker will now generate stubs for function calls to symbols
223 that are too far away. The placement of the stubs is controlled by a new
224 linker command line option: --stub-group-size=N.
225
226 Changes in 2.18:
227
228 * Linker sources now released under version 3 of the GNU General Public
229 License.
230
231 * ELF: New --build-id option to generate a unique per-binary identifier
232 embedded in a note section.
233
234 * Added support for National Semicondutor CompactRISC (ie CR16) target.
235
236 * -l:foo now searches the library path for a filename called foo,
237 without converting it to libfoo.a or libfoo.so.
238
239 * Add a new command line option '--default-script=FILE' or '-dT FILE'
240 which specifies a replacement for the built in, default linker
241 script.
242
243 * ELF: Add -Bsymbolic-functions, --dynamic-list-cpp-new, which puts C++
244 operator new and delete on the dynamic list, and --dynamic-list-data,
245 builtin list for --dynamic-list, which puts global data symbols on the
246 dynamic list.
247
248 * Add support for x86_64 PE+ target.
249
250 * Add support for Score target.
251
252 * ELF: Add --dynamic-list option to specify a list of global symbols
253 whose references shouldn't be bound to the definition within the
254 shared library, or a list of symbols which should be added to the
255 symbol table in the executable.
256
257 * The default output section LMA has changed for allocatable sections from
258 being equal to VMA, to keeping the difference between LMA and VMA the same as
259 the previous output section in the same region. This is a more useful
260 default when using overlays and other cases where you specify an LMA
261 differing from the VMA for some sections.
262
263 * New switch: --print-gc-sections to list any sections removed by garabge
264 collection.
265
266 * ARM: Added --vfp11-denorm-fix option to work around an erratum in current
267 VFP11 coprocessors.
268
269 Changes in 2.17:
270
271 * Support for the Infineon XC16X has been added by KPIT Cummins Infosystems.
272
273 * Modify the Linux linker search order to better match ld.so search order.
274 Look for DT_NEEDED libraries in paths specified by ld.so.conf before
275 searching the default directories, rather than vice versa.
276 Use $prefix/etc/ld.so.conf if it exists, otherwise /etc/ld.so.conf.
277
278 * PE-COFF: Forward exports from DLL's can now be specified in .def files
279 passed directly to ld.
280
281 * Support for the Z80 processor family has been added.
282
283 * Add support for the "@<file>" syntax to the command line, so that extra
284 switches can be read from <file>.
285
286 Changes in 2.16:
287
288 * Support for the R_ARM_V4BX relocation as defined in the ARM AAELF
289 specification has been added via the --fix-v4bx command-line option.
290
291 * New linker script construct AS_NEEDED(), which sets the --as-needed flag
292 for input files listed inside of it.
293
294 * A new command-line option, --sysroot, can be used to override the
295 default sysroot location. It only applies to toolchains that were
296 configured using --with-sysroot.
297
298 * New linker script functions: ORIGIN() and LENGTH() which return information
299 about a specified memory region.
300
301 * Port to MAXQ processor contributed by HCL Tech.
302
303 * Added SEGMENT_START to the linker script language to permit the user to
304 override the base address for a segment from the command-line.
305
306 * ELF: --warn-shared-textrel option to warn if adding a DT_TEXTREL to a shared
307 object.
308
309 * Added SORT_BY_NAME and SORT_BY_ALIGNMENT to the linker script
310 language to permit sorting sections by section name or section
311 maximum alignment.
312
313 * Added a new linker command line switch, --sort-section name|alignment,
314 to sort sections by section name or maximum alignment.
315
316 * ELF: --add-needed/--no-add-needed options to control if a DT_NEEDED tag
317 should be added when a shared library comes from DT_NEEDED tags.
318
319 * Support for the crx-elf target added.
320
321 * Support for the sh-symbianelf target added.
322
323 * A new linker command line switch has been added which allows the hash table
324 size to be set to a suitable prime value near to its argument. This switch
325 is --hash-size=<NUMBER>. Also if the switch --reduce-memory-overheads is
326 used, and --hash-size has not been used, then the default value will be set
327 to 1021.
328
329 * Linker map files are now generated with an O(N) algorithm for finding symbols
330 that are defined in each section. This uses about 40% more memory for
331 symbols than the old O(N^2) algorithm. You can use the new
332 --reduce-memory-overheads option to select the old algorithm; this option
333 might also be used in the future to select similar tradeoffs.
334
335 Changes in 2.15:
336
337 * ELF: --as-needed/--no-as-needed options to control if a DT_NEEDED tag should
338 be added only when a shared library is referenced.
339
340 * PE: --large-address-aware option to indicate executables support virtual
341 addresses greater than 2 gigabytes.
342
343 * DWARF 2 support for i386pe added.
344
345 * The linker script operator DEFINED() will now yield 1 only for a symbol that
346 is defined before the statement where DEFINED is used.
347
348 * The MIPS --embedded-relocs (used to embed relocations into binaries for
349 Embedded-PIC code) is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
350
351 * cr16c support added by NSC.
352
353 * m32r Linux (ELF) support added by Renesas.
354
355 * Improved linker's handling of unresolved symbols. The switch
356 --unresolved-symbols=<method> has been added to tell the linker when it
357 should report them and the switch --warn-unresolved-symbols has been added to
358 make reports be issued as warning messages rather than errors.
359
360 Changes in 2.14:
361
362 * Added support for Xtensa architecture.
363
364 * Added --with-sysroot configure switch to specify a target system root, for
365 linking against a target filesystem image.
366
367 * Added --accept-unknown-linker-format to restore old linker behaviour (pre
368 2.14) of silently accepting and linking in any files in an unknown binary
369 file format.
370
371 * Added --no-omagic to undo the effects of the -N option.
372
373 * Support for Texas Instruments TMS320C4x and TMS320C3x series of
374 DSP's contributed by Michael Hayes and Svein E. Seldal.
375
376 * Added --with-lib-path configure switch to specify default value for
377 LIB_PATH.
378
379 * ARM port to QNX operating system added by Graeme Peterson.
380
381 * IP2K support added by Denis Chertykov.
382
383 Changes in 2.13:
384
385 * Support for the Fujitsu FRV architecture added by Red Hat. Models for FR400
386 and FR500 included.
387
388 Changes in version 2.13:
389
390 * DEC VAX ELF support, by Matt Thomas.
391
392 Changes in version 2.12:
393
394 * Support for Don Knuth's MMIX, by Hans-Peter Nilsson.
395
396 * Support for the OpenRISC 32-bit embedded processor by OpenCores.
397
398 * Support for -z nocopyreloc in the x86 ELF linker, which disables
399 production of copy relocs. Warning: using this option may result in
400 non-sharable applications.
401
402 * Support for -z combreloc in the ELF linker, which puts dynamic
403 relocations against the same symbol together, so that dynamic linker
404 can use an one-entry symbol lookup cache.
405
406 * Support for ELF SHF_MERGE section merging, by Jakub Jelinek.
407
408 Changes in version 2.11:
409
410 * Support for AMD x86-64 architecture, by Jan Hubicka, SuSE Labs.
411
412 * Support added for eliminating duplicate DWARF2 debug information by
413 having the compiler generate the information in sections called
414 .gnu.linkonce.wi.XXXX where XXXX is a checksum for the contents. The
415 linker then merges these sections together into the normal .debug_info
416 section.
417
418 * The native ELF linker now searches the directories in DT_RUNPATH or
419 DT_RPATH of a shared library for shared libraries needed by it.
420
421 * TI C54x support, by Timothy Wall.
422
423 * Added command line switch --section-start to set the start address of any
424 specified section.
425
426 * Added ability to emit full relocation information in linked executables,
427 enabled by --emit-relocs. Some post-linkage optimization tools need
428 this information in order to be able to correctly identify and perform
429 symbol relative addressing in the event of changes in section contents
430 (instructions being added or deleted, extending data sections, etc.)
431
432 * Support for i860, by Jason Eckhardt (preliminary, alpha quality).
433
434 * Support for CRIS (Axis Communications ETRAX series).
435
436 * Support for PDP-11 and 2.11BSD a.out format, by Lars Brinkhoff.
437
438 Changes in version 2.10:
439
440 * Added AT> to the linker script language to allow load-time allocation of
441 sections into regions.
442
443 * Added garbage collection of unused sections, enabled by --gc-sections.
444 It does require a bit of backend support; currently implemented are
445 arm-elf, avr-elf, d10v-elf, fr30-elf, i386-elf, m32r-elf, m68k-elf,
446 mcore-elf, mips-elf, mn10300-elf, ppc-elf, sh-elf, sparc-elf, and v850-elf.
447 Others will ignore the option.
448
449 * Added SORT to the linker script language to permit sorting sections by file
450 name or section name.
451
452 * Added EXTERN to the linker script language as an equivalent to the -u
453 command-line option.
454
455 * Added ASSERT to the linker script language.
456
457 * Added EXCLUDE_FILE to the linker script language for further control over
458 wildcard file names.
459
460 * Added -O option to optimize linker output (as of this writing, this only
461 affects ELF shared library generation).
462
463 * The -e option now accepts a number as well as a symbol name.
464
465 * Added --no-undefined option to disallow undefined symbols when creating a
466 shared library.
467
468 * The linker now issues a warning, not an error, for an undefined symbol when
469 using -Bsymbolic; use the new --no-undefined option to get the old
470 behaviour.
471
472 * Added --demangle and --no-demangle options.
473
474 Changes in version 2.9:
475
476 * Added SQUAD to the linker script language.
477
478 * New option --no-warn-mismatch.
479
480 * The MEMORY command now parses the attributes to determine where sections that
481 are not placed in a specific memory region are placed.
482
483 Changes in version 2.8:
484
485 * Linker scripts may now contain shell wildcard characters for file and section
486 names.
487
488 * The linker now supports symbol versions in ELF.
489
490 * The NOCROSSREFS command was added to the linker script language.
491
492 * The LOADADDR expression was added to the linker script language.
493
494 * MAX and MIN functions were added to the linker script language.
495
496 * The OVERLAY construct was added to the linker script language.
497
498 * New option --warn-section-align to warn when the address of an output section
499 changes due to alignment of an input section.
500
501 * New options --filter/-F and --auxiliary/-f.
502
503 Changes in version 2.7:
504
505 * New option --cref to print out a cross reference table.
506
507 * New option --wrap SYMBOL.
508
509 * New option --no-whole-archive, to turn off the effect of --whole-archive.
510
511 * Input sections assigned to the output section /DISCARD/ in the linker script
512 are not included in the output file.
513
514 * The SunOS and ELF linkers now merge stabs debugging information which uses
515 the N_BINCL and N_EINCL stab types. This reduces the amount of debugging
516 information generated.
517
518 Changes in version 2.6:
519
520 * When an ELF section name is representable as a C identifier (this is not true
521 of most ELF section names), the linker will automatically define symbols
522 __start_SECNAME and __stop_SECNAME, where SECNAME is the section name, at the
523 beginning and the end of the section. This is used by glibc.
524
525 Addendum: Current versions of the linker (at least for version 2.18 onwards
526 and possibly much earlier as well) place two restrictions on this feature: The
527 symbols are only implemented for orphaned sections, not for explicitly placed
528 sections and they are PROVIDEd rather than being defined.
529
530 * When an ELF section named .gnu.warning is encountered in an input file, the
531 contents of the section are displayed as an error message, and the section is
532 not copied into the output file. This is used by glibc.
533
534 * When an ELF section named .gnu.warning.SYMBOL is encountered in an input
535 file, and the symbol SYMBOL is referenced by some object file, the contents of
536 the section are displayed as an error message. The section is not copied into
537 the output file, unless doing a relocatable or shared link. This is used by
538 glibc.
539
540 * New options -split-by-reloc and -split-by-file.
541
542 * The linker now supports linking PIC compiled code on SPARC SunOS. It can
543 also create SPARC SunOS shared libraries, and, like the native SunOS linker,
544 will do so whenever there is an undefined symbol in the link and neither the -e
545 nor the -r option was used.
546
547 * The -rpath option may be used on SunOS to set the list of directories to be
548 searched at run time. This overrides the default of building the list from the
549 -L options.
550
551 * The COFF linker now combines debugging information for structs, unions, and
552 enums, so that even if the same type is defined in multiple input files it will
553 only be defined once in the output file. The --traditional-format switch will
554 prevent this optimization.
555
556 Changes in version 2.5:
557
558 * The linker now supports linking against SunOS shared libraries. It still can
559 not link SunOS PIC (Position Independent Code) files, so it can not be used to
560 generate shared libraries.
561
562 * The linker now supports linking against ELF shared libraries for the i386
563 (UnixWare) and SPARC (Solaris). It can also link ELF PIC files, and can be
564 used to generate shared libraries. Shared library generation is not well
565 tested; please report any problems encountered. The linker is now enabled for
566 Solaris again.
567
568 * Eric Youngdale has contributed Linux support code, including linking against
569 Linux a.out shared libraries. The linker produces Linux QMAGIC binaries.
570
571 * The ELF backend has been converted to the new linker code. To use the new
572 ELF linker, each particular target requires a relocation function. So far,
573 this function has been written for i386 (UnixWare), SPARC (Solaris) MIPS (Irix
574 5), and HPPA ELF targets.
575
576 * The -( (--start-group) and -) (--end-group) options have been added to
577 support searching a group of archives as though they were a single archive.
578 This can also be used in a linker script, as GROUP ( files ).
579
580 * When a file is named on the command line, and the linker does not recognize
581 it as an object file, the linker will now treat the file as a linker script
582 file. A linker script named in this way augments, but does not replace, the
583 default linker script.
584
585 * The -warn-once option was added. It causes the linker to only warn once per
586 undefined symbol, rather than once per reference.
587
588 * The COFF backend has been converted to the new linker code. As with ELF, to
589 use the new linker, each particular target requires a relocation function. So
590 far, this function has been written for the i386, m68k, a29k and SH targets.
591
592 * The -V flag was made a synonym for -v, for SVR4 compatibility. The old -V
593 behaviour is available via --verbose.
594
595 Changes in version 2.4:
596
597 * New linker code, by Steve Chamberlain and Ian Taylor. For a.out and ecoff
598 formats (so far), this should result in considerable savings in time
599 and memory used while linking; slightly poorer performance than
600 before for formats not converted yet.
601
602 * Command-line parsing is no longer done with flex. This means
603 oddball characters in filenames won't get treated as argument
604 separators.
605
606 * HP-PA ELF support, by Jeff Law. (No SOM support yet.)
607
608 * Mach i386 support, by David Mackenzie.
609
610 * Irix 4 shared libraries are now supported (Irix 5 uses ELF, and ELF shared
611 libraries are not yet supported).
612
613 * COFF shared libraries (as on SCO) should work as well.
614
615 * The linker is disabled for Solaris. (Actually, it was in 2.3 also, I just
616 forgot to note it.) Some of their C library routines don't work when
617 statically linked, and the GNU linker doesn't support dynamic linking yet.
618
619 Changes in version 2.3:
620
621 * Weak symbols are now supported.
622
623 * ELF support has been added. The linker has been bootstrapped on
624 UnixWare and Solaris.
625
626 * Alpha OSF/1 support has been added (non dynamic linking only).
627
628 Changes in version 2.2:
629
630 * The `bfd' library has been updated to reduce a.out-format string
631 table size. The effect of this is that files linked from many input
632 files with duplicate symbols (`-g' debugging records, or identical
633 static symbols) should be much smaller.
634
635 Changes in version 2.1:
636
637 * The ld -ySYMBOL flag (to trace references to SYMBOL) is now implemented.
638
639 * There is now support for writing ECOFF files, so ld and the
640 other utilities should work on Risc/Ultrix and Irix.
641
642 \f
643 Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
644
645 Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
646 are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
647 notice and this notice are preserved.
648
649 Local variables:
650 fill-column: 79
651 End:
This page took 0.053602 seconds and 5 git commands to generate.