1 /* Main program of GNU linker.
2 Copyright (C) 1991, 92, 93, 94 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 Written by Steve Chamberlain steve@cygnus.com
5 This file is part of GLD, the Gnu Linker.
7 GLD is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
12 GLD is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with GLD; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
19 the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
25 #include "libiberty.h"
41 /* Somewhere above, sys/stat.h got included . . . . */
42 #if !defined(S_ISDIR) && defined(S_IFDIR)
43 #define S_ISDIR(m) (((m) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
48 static char *get_emulation
PARAMS ((int, char **));
49 static void set_scripts_dir
PARAMS ((void));
54 const char *output_filename
= "a.out";
56 /* Name this program was invoked by. */
59 /* The file that we're creating */
62 /* Set by -G argument, for MIPS ECOFF target. */
63 int g_switch_value
= 8;
65 /* Nonzero means print names of input files as processed. */
68 /* Nonzero means same, but note open failures, too. */
69 boolean trace_file_tries
;
71 /* Nonzero means version number was printed, so exit successfully
72 instead of complaining if no input files are given. */
73 boolean version_printed
;
75 args_type command_line
;
77 ld_config_type config
;
79 static boolean check_for_scripts_dir
PARAMS ((char *dir
));
80 static boolean add_archive_element
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*, bfd
*,
82 static boolean multiple_definition
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*,
84 bfd
*, asection
*, bfd_vma
,
85 bfd
*, asection
*, bfd_vma
));
86 static boolean multiple_common
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*,
88 enum bfd_link_hash_type
, bfd_vma
,
89 bfd
*, enum bfd_link_hash_type
,
91 static boolean add_to_set
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*,
92 struct bfd_link_hash_entry
*,
93 bfd_reloc_code_real_type
,
94 bfd
*, asection
*, bfd_vma
));
95 static boolean constructor_callback
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*,
98 bfd
*, asection
*, bfd_vma
));
99 static boolean warning_callback
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*,
101 static boolean undefined_symbol
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*,
103 asection
*, bfd_vma
));
104 static boolean reloc_overflow
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*, const char *,
105 const char *, bfd_vma
,
106 bfd
*, asection
*, bfd_vma
));
107 static boolean reloc_dangerous
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*, const char *,
108 bfd
*, asection
*, bfd_vma
));
109 static boolean unattached_reloc
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*,
110 const char *, bfd
*, asection
*,
112 static boolean notice_ysym
PARAMS ((struct bfd_link_info
*, const char *,
113 bfd
*, asection
*, bfd_vma
));
115 static struct bfd_link_callbacks link_callbacks
=
121 constructor_callback
,
130 struct bfd_link_info link_info
;
137 if (output_bfd
&& output_bfd
->iostream
)
138 fclose((FILE *)(output_bfd
->iostream
));
139 if (delete_output_file_on_failure
)
140 unlink (output_filename
);
150 long start_time
= get_run_time ();
152 program_name
= argv
[0];
153 xmalloc_set_program_name (program_name
);
157 xatexit (remove_output
);
159 /* Initialize the data about options. */
160 trace_files
= trace_file_tries
= version_printed
= false;
161 config
.build_constructors
= true;
162 config
.dynamic_link
= false;
163 command_line
.force_common_definition
= false;
165 link_info
.callbacks
= &link_callbacks
;
166 link_info
.relocateable
= false;
167 link_info
.strip
= strip_none
;
168 link_info
.discard
= discard_none
;
169 link_info
.lprefix_len
= 1;
170 link_info
.lprefix
= "L";
171 link_info
.keep_memory
= true;
172 link_info
.input_bfds
= NULL
;
173 link_info
.create_object_symbols_section
= NULL
;
174 link_info
.hash
= NULL
;
175 link_info
.keep_hash
= NULL
;
176 link_info
.notice_hash
= NULL
;
178 ldfile_add_arch ("");
180 config
.make_executable
= true;
181 force_make_executable
= false;
182 config
.magic_demand_paged
= true;
183 config
.text_read_only
= true;
184 config
.make_executable
= true;
186 emulation
= get_emulation (argc
, argv
);
187 ldemul_choose_mode (emulation
);
188 default_target
= ldemul_choose_target ();
190 ldemul_before_parse ();
191 lang_has_input_file
= false;
192 parse_args (argc
, argv
);
194 if (link_info
.relocateable
)
196 if (command_line
.relax
)
197 einfo ("%P%F: -relax and -r may not be used together\n");
198 if (config
.dynamic_link
)
199 einfo ("%P%F: -r and -call_shared may not be used together\n");
200 if (link_info
.strip
== strip_all
)
201 einfo ("%P%F: -r and -s may not be used together\n");
204 /* This essentially adds another -L directory so this must be done after
205 the -L's in argv have been processed. */
208 if (had_script
== false)
210 /* Read the emulation's appropriate default script. */
212 char *s
= ldemul_get_script (&isfile
);
215 ldfile_open_command_file (s
);
218 parser_input
= input_script
;
224 if (lang_has_input_file
== false)
228 einfo ("%P%F: no input files\n");
233 info_msg ("%P: mode %s\n", emulation
);
236 ldemul_after_parse ();
239 if (config
.map_filename
)
241 if (strcmp (config
.map_filename
, "-") == 0)
243 config
.map_file
= stdout
;
247 config
.map_file
= fopen (config
.map_filename
, FOPEN_WT
);
248 if (config
.map_file
== (FILE *) NULL
)
250 einfo ("%P%F: cannot open map file %s: %E\n",
251 config
.map_filename
);
259 /* Print error messages for any missing symbols, for any warning
260 symbols, and possibly multiple definitions */
263 if (config
.text_read_only
)
265 /* Look for a text section and mark the readonly attribute in it */
266 asection
*found
= bfd_get_section_by_name (output_bfd
, ".text");
268 if (found
!= (asection
*) NULL
)
270 found
->flags
|= SEC_READONLY
;
274 if (link_info
.relocateable
)
275 output_bfd
->flags
&= ~EXEC_P
;
277 output_bfd
->flags
|= EXEC_P
;
281 /* Even if we're producing relocateable output, some non-fatal errors should
282 be reported in the exit status. (What non-fatal errors, if any, do we
283 want to ignore for relocateable output?) */
285 if (config
.make_executable
== false && force_make_executable
== false)
287 if (trace_files
== true)
289 einfo ("%P: link errors found, deleting executable `%s'\n",
293 if (output_bfd
->iostream
)
294 fclose ((FILE *) (output_bfd
->iostream
));
296 unlink (output_filename
);
301 if (! bfd_close (output_bfd
))
302 einfo ("%F%B: final close failed: %E\n", output_bfd
);
307 extern char **environ
;
308 char *lim
= (char *) sbrk (0);
309 long run_time
= get_run_time () - start_time
;
311 fprintf (stderr
, "%s: total time in link: %ld.%06ld\n",
312 program_name
, run_time
/ 1000000, run_time
% 1000000);
313 fprintf (stderr
, "%s: data size %ld\n", program_name
,
314 (long) (lim
- (char *) &environ
));
317 /* Prevent remove_output from doing anything, after a successful link. */
318 output_filename
= NULL
;
324 /* We need to find any explicitly given emulation in order to initialize the
325 state that's needed by the lex&yacc argument parser (parse_args). */
328 get_emulation (argc
, argv
)
335 emulation
= (char *) getenv (EMULATION_ENVIRON
);
336 if (emulation
== NULL
)
337 emulation
= DEFAULT_EMULATION
;
339 for (i
= 1; i
< argc
; i
++)
341 if (!strncmp (argv
[i
], "-m", 2))
343 if (argv
[i
][2] == '\0')
348 emulation
= argv
[i
+ 1];
353 einfo("%P%F: missing argument to -m\n");
356 else if (strcmp (argv
[i
], "-mips1") == 0
357 || strcmp (argv
[i
], "-mips2") == 0
358 || strcmp (argv
[i
], "-mips3") == 0)
360 /* FIXME: The arguments -mips1, -mips2 and -mips3 are
361 passed to the linker by some MIPS compilers. They
362 generally tell the linker to use a slightly different
363 library path. Perhaps someday these should be
364 implemented as emulations; until then, we just ignore
365 the arguments and hope that nobody ever creates
366 emulations named ips1, ips2 or ips3. */
371 emulation
= &argv
[i
][2];
379 /* If directory DIR contains an "ldscripts" subdirectory,
380 add DIR to the library search path and return true,
381 else return false. */
384 check_for_scripts_dir (dir
)
392 dirlen
= strlen (dir
);
393 /* sizeof counts the terminating NUL. */
394 buf
= (char *) xmalloc (dirlen
+ sizeof("/ldscripts"));
395 sprintf (buf
, "%s/ldscripts", dir
);
397 res
= stat (buf
, &s
) == 0 && S_ISDIR (s
.st_mode
);
400 ldfile_add_library_path (dir
, false);
404 /* Set the default directory for finding script files.
405 Libraries will be searched for here too, but that's ok.
406 We look for the "ldscripts" directory in:
408 SCRIPTDIR (passed from Makefile)
409 the dir where this program is (for using it from the build tree)
410 the dir where this program is/../lib (for installing the tool suite elsewhere) */
418 if (check_for_scripts_dir (SCRIPTDIR
))
419 return; /* We've been installed normally. */
421 /* Look for "ldscripts" in the dir where our binary is. */
422 end
= strrchr (program_name
, '/');
425 dirlen
= end
- program_name
;
426 /* Make a copy of program_name in dir.
427 Leave room for later "/../lib". */
428 dir
= (char *) xmalloc (dirlen
+ 8);
429 strncpy (dir
, program_name
, dirlen
);
435 dir
= (char *) xmalloc (dirlen
+ 8);
439 if (check_for_scripts_dir (dir
))
440 return; /* Don't free dir. */
442 /* Look for "ldscripts" in <the dir where our binary is>/../lib. */
443 strcpy (dir
+ dirlen
, "/../lib");
444 if (check_for_scripts_dir (dir
))
447 free (dir
); /* Well, we tried. */
454 if (link_info
.notice_hash
== (struct bfd_hash_table
*) NULL
)
456 link_info
.notice_hash
= ((struct bfd_hash_table
*)
457 xmalloc (sizeof (struct bfd_hash_table
)));
458 if (! bfd_hash_table_init_n (link_info
.notice_hash
,
461 einfo ("%P%F: bfd_hash_table_init failed: %E\n");
464 if (bfd_hash_lookup (link_info
.notice_hash
, name
, true, true)
465 == (struct bfd_hash_entry
*) NULL
)
466 einfo ("%P%F: bfd_hash_lookup failed: %E\n");
469 /* Handle the -retain-symbols-file option. */
472 add_keepsyms_file (filename
)
473 const char *filename
;
480 if (link_info
.strip
== strip_some
)
481 einfo ("%X%P: error: duplicate retain-symbols-file\n");
483 file
= fopen (filename
, "r");
484 if (file
== (FILE *) NULL
)
486 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_system_call
);
487 einfo ("%X%P: %s: %E", filename
);
491 link_info
.keep_hash
= ((struct bfd_hash_table
*)
492 xmalloc (sizeof (struct bfd_hash_table
)));
493 if (! bfd_hash_table_init (link_info
.keep_hash
, bfd_hash_newfunc
))
494 einfo ("%P%F: bfd_hash_table_init failed: %E\n");
497 buf
= (char *) xmalloc (bufsize
);
509 while (! isspace (c
) && c
!= EOF
)
516 buf
= xrealloc (buf
, bufsize
);
523 if (bfd_hash_lookup (link_info
.keep_hash
, buf
, true, true)
524 == (struct bfd_hash_entry
*) NULL
)
525 einfo ("%P%F: bfd_hash_lookup for insertion failed: %E");
529 if (link_info
.strip
!= strip_none
)
530 einfo ("%P: `-retain-symbols-file' overrides `-s' and `-S'\n");
532 link_info
.strip
= strip_some
;
535 /* Callbacks from the BFD linker routines. */
537 /* This is called when BFD has decided to include an archive member in
542 add_archive_element (info
, abfd
, name
)
543 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
547 lang_input_statement_type
*input
;
549 input
= ((lang_input_statement_type
*)
550 xmalloc ((bfd_size_type
) sizeof (lang_input_statement_type
)));
551 input
->filename
= abfd
->filename
;
552 input
->local_sym_name
= abfd
->filename
;
553 input
->the_bfd
= abfd
;
554 input
->asymbols
= NULL
;
556 input
->just_syms_flag
= false;
557 input
->loaded
= false;
558 input
->search_dirs_flag
= false;
560 /* FIXME: The following fields are not set: header.next,
561 header.type, closed, passive_position, symbol_count,
562 next_real_file, is_archive, target, real, common_section,
563 common_output_section, complained. This bit of code is from the
564 old decode_library_subfile function. I don't know whether any of
565 those fields matters. */
567 ldlang_add_file (input
);
569 if (config
.map_file
!= (FILE *) NULL
)
570 minfo ("%s needed due to %T\n", abfd
->filename
, name
);
572 if (trace_files
|| trace_file_tries
)
573 info_msg ("%I\n", input
);
578 /* This is called when BFD has discovered a symbol which is defined
583 multiple_definition (info
, name
, obfd
, osec
, oval
, nbfd
, nsec
, nval
)
584 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
593 einfo ("%X%C: multiple definition of `%T'\n",
594 nbfd
, nsec
, nval
, name
);
595 if (obfd
!= (bfd
*) NULL
)
596 einfo ("%C: first defined here\n", obfd
, osec
, oval
);
600 /* This is called when there is a definition of a common symbol, or
601 when a common symbol is found for a symbol that is already defined,
602 or when two common symbols are found. We only do something if
603 -warn-common was used. */
607 multiple_common (info
, name
, obfd
, otype
, osize
, nbfd
, ntype
, nsize
)
608 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
611 enum bfd_link_hash_type otype
;
614 enum bfd_link_hash_type ntype
;
617 if (! config
.warn_common
)
620 if (ntype
== bfd_link_hash_defined
)
622 ASSERT (otype
== bfd_link_hash_common
);
623 einfo ("%B: warning: definition of `%T' overriding common\n",
625 einfo ("%B: warning: common is here\n", obfd
);
627 else if (otype
== bfd_link_hash_defined
)
629 ASSERT (ntype
== bfd_link_hash_common
);
630 einfo ("%B: warning: common of `%T' overridden by definition\n",
632 einfo ("%B: warning: defined here\n", obfd
);
636 ASSERT (otype
== bfd_link_hash_common
&& ntype
== bfd_link_hash_common
);
639 einfo ("%B: warning: common of `%T' overridden by larger common\n",
641 einfo ("%B: warning: larger common is here\n", obfd
);
643 else if (nsize
> osize
)
645 einfo ("%B: warning: common of `%T' overriding smaller common\n",
647 einfo ("%B: warning: smaller common is here\n", obfd
);
651 einfo ("%B: warning: multiple common of `%T'\n", nbfd
, name
);
652 einfo ("%B: warning: previous common is here\n", obfd
);
659 /* This is called when BFD has discovered a set element. H is the
660 entry in the linker hash table for the set. SECTION and VALUE
661 represent a value which should be added to the set. */
665 add_to_set (info
, h
, reloc
, abfd
, section
, value
)
666 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
667 struct bfd_link_hash_entry
*h
;
668 bfd_reloc_code_real_type reloc
;
673 if (! config
.build_constructors
)
676 ldctor_add_set_entry (h
, reloc
, section
, value
);
678 if (h
->type
== bfd_link_hash_new
)
680 h
->type
= bfd_link_hash_undefined
;
681 h
->u
.undef
.abfd
= abfd
;
682 /* We don't call bfd_link_add_undef to add this to the list of
683 undefined symbols because we are going to define it
690 /* This is called when BFD has discovered a constructor. This is only
691 called for some object file formats--those which do not handle
692 constructors in some more clever fashion. This is similar to
693 adding an element to a set, but less general. */
696 constructor_callback (info
, constructor
, name
, abfd
, section
, value
)
697 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
706 struct bfd_link_hash_entry
*h
;
708 if (! config
.build_constructors
)
711 /* Ensure that BFD_RELOC_CTOR exists now, so that we can give a
712 useful error message. */
713 if (bfd_reloc_type_lookup (output_bfd
, BFD_RELOC_CTOR
) == NULL
)
714 einfo ("%P%F: BFD backend error: BFD_RELOC_CTOR unsupported");
716 set_name
= (char *) alloca (1 + sizeof "__CTOR_LIST__");
718 if (bfd_get_symbol_leading_char (abfd
) != '\0')
719 *s
++ = bfd_get_symbol_leading_char (abfd
);
721 strcpy (s
, "__CTOR_LIST__");
723 strcpy (s
, "__DTOR_LIST__");
725 if (config
.map_file
!= (FILE *) NULL
)
726 fprintf (config
.map_file
,
727 "Adding %s to constructor/destructor set %s\n", name
, set_name
);
729 h
= bfd_link_hash_lookup (info
->hash
, set_name
, true, true, true);
730 if (h
== (struct bfd_link_hash_entry
*) NULL
)
731 einfo ("%P%F: bfd_link_hash_lookup failed: %E");
732 if (h
->type
== bfd_link_hash_new
)
734 h
->type
= bfd_link_hash_undefined
;
735 h
->u
.undef
.abfd
= abfd
;
736 /* We don't call bfd_link_add_undef to add this to the list of
737 undefined symbols because we are going to define it
741 ldctor_add_set_entry (h
, BFD_RELOC_CTOR
, section
, value
);
745 /* This is called when there is a reference to a warning symbol. */
749 warning_callback (info
, warning
)
750 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
753 einfo ("%P: %s\n", warning
);
757 /* This is called when an undefined symbol is found. */
761 undefined_symbol (info
, name
, abfd
, section
, address
)
762 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
768 static char *error_name
;
769 static unsigned int error_count
;
771 #define MAX_ERRORS_IN_A_ROW 5
773 /* We never print more than a reasonable number of errors in a row
774 for a single symbol. */
775 if (error_name
!= (char *) NULL
776 && strcmp (name
, error_name
) == 0)
781 if (error_name
!= (char *) NULL
)
783 error_name
= buystring (name
);
786 if (error_count
< MAX_ERRORS_IN_A_ROW
)
787 einfo ("%X%C: undefined reference to `%T'\n",
788 abfd
, section
, address
, name
);
789 else if (error_count
== MAX_ERRORS_IN_A_ROW
)
790 einfo ("%C: more undefined references to `%T' follow\n",
791 abfd
, section
, address
, name
);
796 /* This is called when a reloc overflows. */
800 reloc_overflow (info
, name
, reloc_name
, addend
, abfd
, section
, address
)
801 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
803 const char *reloc_name
;
809 if (abfd
== (bfd
*) NULL
)
810 einfo ("%P%X: generated");
812 einfo ("%X%C:", abfd
, section
, address
);
813 einfo (" relocation truncated to fit: %s %T", reloc_name
, name
);
815 einfo ("+%v", addend
);
820 /* This is called when a dangerous relocation is made. */
824 reloc_dangerous (info
, message
, abfd
, section
, address
)
825 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
831 if (abfd
== (bfd
*) NULL
)
832 einfo ("%P%X: generated");
834 einfo ("%X%C:", abfd
, section
, address
);
835 einfo ("dangerous relocation: %s\n", message
);
839 /* This is called when a reloc is being generated attached to a symbol
840 that is not being output. */
844 unattached_reloc (info
, name
, abfd
, section
, address
)
845 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
851 if (abfd
== (bfd
*) NULL
)
852 einfo ("%P%X: generated");
854 einfo ("%X%C:", abfd
, section
, address
);
855 einfo (" reloc refers to symbol `%T' which is not being output\n", name
);
859 /* This is called when a symbol in notice_hash is found. Symbols are
860 put in notice_hash using the -y option. */
864 notice_ysym (info
, name
, abfd
, section
, value
)
865 struct bfd_link_info
*info
;
871 einfo ("%B: %s %s\n", abfd
,
872 section
!= &bfd_und_section
? "definition of" : "reference to",