1 /* Copyright (C) 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
2 Written by Steve Chamberlain steve@cygnus.com
4 This file is part of GLD, the Gnu Linker.
6 GLD is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
11 GLD is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 GNU General Public License for more details.
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 along with GLD; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
18 the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
41 extern boolean lang_has_input_file
;
42 extern boolean trace_files
;
47 char *output_filename
= "a.out";
49 /* Name this program was invoked by. */
52 /* The file that we're creating */
55 extern boolean option_v
;
57 /* The local symbol prefix */
60 /* Count the number of global symbols multiply defined. */
61 int multiple_def_count
;
63 /* Count the number of symbols defined through common declarations.
64 This count is referenced in symdef_library, linear_library, and
65 modified by enter_global_ref.
67 It is incremented when a symbol is created as a common, and
68 decremented when the common declaration is overridden
70 Another way of thinking of it is that this is a count of
71 all ldsym_types with a ->scoms field */
73 unsigned int commons_pending
;
75 /* Count the number of global symbols referenced and not defined.
76 common symbols are not included in this count. */
78 unsigned int undefined_global_sym_count
;
80 /* Count the number of warning symbols encountered. */
83 /* have we had a load script ? */
84 extern boolean had_script
;
86 /* Nonzero means print names of input files as processed. */
89 /* 1 => write load map. */
96 /* Indicates whether output file will be b.out (default) or coff */
97 enum target_flavour output_flavor
= BFD_BOUT_FORMAT
;
101 /* Force the make_executable to be output, even if there are non-fatal
103 boolean force_make_executable
;
105 /* A count of the total number of local symbols ever seen - by adding
106 the symbol_count field of each newly read afile.*/
108 unsigned int total_symbols_seen
;
110 /* A count of the number of read files - the same as the number of elements
113 unsigned int total_files_seen
;
116 args_type command_line
;
117 ld_config_type config
;
125 program_name
= argv
[0];
126 output_filename
= "a.out";
134 check_v960 (argc
, argv
);
135 emulation
= "gld960";
136 for (i
= 1; i
< argc
; i
++)
138 if (!strcmp (argv
[i
], "-Fcoff"))
140 emulation
= "lnk960";
141 output_flavor
= BFD_COFF_FORMAT
;
147 emulation
= (char *) getenv (EMULATION_ENVIRON
);
150 /* Initialize the data about options. */
155 config
.relocateable_output
= false;
157 command_line
.force_common_definition
= false;
159 init_bfd_error_vector ();
161 ldfile_add_arch ("");
163 config
.make_executable
= true;
164 force_make_executable
= false;
167 /* Initialize the cumulative counts of symbols. */
168 undefined_global_sym_count
= 0;
170 multiple_def_count
= 0;
173 config
.magic_demand_paged
= true;
174 config
.text_read_only
= true;
175 config
.make_executable
= true;
176 if (emulation
== (char *) NULL
)
178 emulation
= DEFAULT_EMULATION
;
181 ldemul_choose_mode (emulation
);
182 default_target
= ldemul_choose_target ();
184 ldemul_before_parse ();
185 lang_has_input_file
= false;
186 parse_args (argc
, argv
);
192 info ("%P: mode %s\n", emulation
);
195 if (lang_has_input_file
== false)
197 einfo ("%P%F: No input files\n");
200 ldemul_after_parse ();
203 if (config
.map_filename
)
205 if (strcmp (config
.map_filename
, "-") == 0)
207 config
.map_file
= stdout
;
211 config
.map_file
= fopen (config
.map_filename
, FOPEN_WT
);
212 if (config
.map_file
== (FILE *) NULL
)
214 einfo ("%P%F: can't open map file %s\n",
215 config
.map_filename
);
223 /* Print error messages for any missing symbols, for any warning
224 symbols, and possibly multiple definitions */
227 if (config
.text_read_only
)
229 /* Look for a text section and mark the readonly attribute in it */
230 asection
*found
= bfd_get_section_by_name (output_bfd
, ".text");
232 if (found
!= (asection
*) NULL
)
234 found
->flags
|= SEC_READONLY
;
238 if (config
.relocateable_output
)
240 output_bfd
->flags
&= ~EXEC_P
;
243 bfd_close (output_bfd
);
249 output_bfd
->flags
|= EXEC_P
;
254 if (config
.make_executable
== false && force_make_executable
== false)
257 if (trace_files
== true)
259 einfo ("%P: Link errors found, deleting executable `%s'\n",
263 if (output_bfd
->iostream
)
264 fclose ((FILE *) (output_bfd
->iostream
));
266 unlink (output_filename
);
271 bfd_close (output_bfd
);
281 Q_read_entry_symbols (desc
, entry
)
283 struct lang_input_statement_struct
*entry
;
285 if (entry
->asymbols
== (asymbol
**) NULL
)
287 bfd_size_type table_size
= get_symtab_upper_bound (desc
);
289 entry
->asymbols
= (asymbol
**) ldmalloc (table_size
);
290 entry
->symbol_count
= bfd_canonicalize_symtab (desc
, entry
->asymbols
);
295 * turn this item into a reference
302 asymbol
*sym
= *nlist_p
;
306 sym
->section
= &bfd_und_section
;
307 sym
->udata
= (PTR
) (sp
->srefs_chain
);
308 sp
->srefs_chain
= nlist_p
;
312 This function is called for each name which is seen which has a global
313 scope. It enters the name into the global symbol table in the correct
314 symbol on the correct chain. Remember that each ldsym_type has three
315 chains attatched, one of all definitions of a symbol, one of all
316 references of a symbol and one of all common definitions of a symbol.
318 When the function is over, the supplied is left connected to the bfd
319 to which is was born, with its udata field pointing to the next member
320 on the chain in which it has been inserted.
322 A certain amount of jigery pokery is necessary since commons come
323 along and upset things, we only keep one item in the common chain; the
324 one with the biggest size seen sofar. When another common comes along
325 it either bumps the previous definition into the ref chain, since it
326 is bigger, or gets turned into a ref on the spot since the one on the
327 common chain is already bigger. If a real definition comes along then
328 the common gets bumped off anyway.
330 Whilst all this is going on we keep a count of the number of multiple
331 definitions seen, undefined global symbols and pending commons.
334 extern boolean relaxing
;
337 DEFUN (Q_enter_global_ref
, (nlist_p
, name
),
338 asymbol
** nlist_p AND
/* pointer into symbol table from incoming bfd */
339 CONST
char *name
/* name of symbol in linker table */ )
341 asymbol
*sym
= *nlist_p
;
344 /* Lookup the name from the incoming bfd's symbol table in the
345 linker's global symbol table */
348 flagword this_symbol_flags
= sym
->flags
;
350 sp
= ldsym_get (name
);
351 /* If this symbol already has udata, it means that something strange
354 The strange thing is that we've had an undefined symbol resolved by
355 an alias, but the thing the alias defined wasn't in the file. So
356 the symbol got a udata entry, but the file wasn't loaded. Then
357 later on the file was loaded, but we don't need to do this
365 if (flag_is_constructor (this_symbol_flags
))
367 /* Add this constructor to the list we keep */
368 ldlang_add_constructor (sp
);
369 /* Turn any commons into refs */
370 if (sp
->scoms_chain
!= (asymbol
**) NULL
)
372 refize (sp
, sp
->scoms_chain
);
380 if (sym
->section
== &bfd_com_section
)
382 /* If we have a definition of this symbol already then
383 this common turns into a reference. Also we only
384 ever point to the largest common, so if we
385 have a common, but it's bigger that the new symbol
386 the turn this into a reference too. */
389 /* This is a common symbol, but we already have a definition
390 for it, so just link it into the ref chain as if
391 it were a reference */
392 refize (sp
, nlist_p
);
394 else if (sp
->scoms_chain
)
396 /* If we have a previous common, keep only the biggest */
397 if ((*(sp
->scoms_chain
))->value
> sym
->value
)
399 /* other common is bigger, throw this one away */
400 refize (sp
, nlist_p
);
402 else if (sp
->scoms_chain
!= nlist_p
)
404 /* other common is smaller, throw that away */
405 refize (sp
, sp
->scoms_chain
);
406 sp
->scoms_chain
= nlist_p
;
411 /* This is the first time we've seen a common, so remember it
412 - if it was undefined before, we know it's defined now. If
413 the symbol has been marked as really being a constructor,
414 then treat this as a ref
416 if (sp
->flags
& SYM_CONSTRUCTOR
)
418 /* Turn this into a ref */
419 refize (sp
, nlist_p
);
423 /* treat like a common */
425 undefined_global_sym_count
--;
428 sp
->scoms_chain
= nlist_p
;
433 else if (sym
->section
!= &bfd_und_section
)
435 /* This is the definition of a symbol, add to def chain */
436 if (sp
->sdefs_chain
&& (*(sp
->sdefs_chain
))->section
!= sym
->section
)
438 /* Multiple definition */
439 asymbol
*sy
= *(sp
->sdefs_chain
);
440 lang_input_statement_type
*stat
= (lang_input_statement_type
*) sy
->the_bfd
->usrdata
;
441 lang_input_statement_type
*stat1
= (lang_input_statement_type
*) sym
->the_bfd
->usrdata
;
442 asymbol
**stat1_symbols
= stat1
? stat1
->asymbols
: 0;
443 asymbol
**stat_symbols
= stat
? stat
->asymbols
: 0;
445 multiple_def_count
++;
446 einfo ("%X%C: multiple definition of `%T'\n",
447 sym
->the_bfd
, sym
->section
, stat1_symbols
, sym
->value
, sym
);
449 einfo ("%X%C: first seen here\n",
450 sy
->the_bfd
, sy
->section
, stat_symbols
, sy
->value
);
454 sym
->udata
= (PTR
) (sp
->sdefs_chain
);
455 sp
->sdefs_chain
= nlist_p
;
457 /* A definition overrides a common symbol */
460 refize (sp
, sp
->scoms_chain
);
464 else if (sp
->srefs_chain
&& relaxing
== false)
466 /* If previously was undefined, then remember as defined */
467 undefined_global_sym_count
--;
472 if (sp
->scoms_chain
== (asymbol
**) NULL
473 && sp
->srefs_chain
== (asymbol
**) NULL
474 && sp
->sdefs_chain
== (asymbol
**) NULL
)
476 /* And it's the first time we've seen it */
477 undefined_global_sym_count
++;
481 refize (sp
, nlist_p
);
485 ASSERT (sp
->sdefs_chain
== 0 || sp
->scoms_chain
== 0);
486 ASSERT (sp
->scoms_chain
== 0 || (*(sp
->scoms_chain
))->udata
== 0);
492 Q_enter_file_symbols (entry
)
493 lang_input_statement_type
*entry
;
497 entry
->common_section
=
498 bfd_make_section_old_way (entry
->the_bfd
, "COMMON");
500 ldlang_add_file (entry
);
503 if (trace_files
|| option_v
)
505 info ("%I\n", entry
);
508 total_symbols_seen
+= entry
->symbol_count
;
510 if (entry
->symbol_count
)
512 for (q
= entry
->asymbols
; *q
; q
++)
516 if (p
->flags
& BSF_INDIRECT
)
520 else if (p
->flags
& BSF_WARNING
)
524 else if (p
->section
== &bfd_und_section
525 || (p
->flags
& BSF_GLOBAL
)
526 || p
->section
== &bfd_com_section
527 || (p
->flags
& BSF_CONSTRUCTOR
))
533 if (p
->flags
& BSF_INDIRECT
)
537 else if (p
->flags
& BSF_WARNING
)
541 else if (p
->section
== &bfd_und_section
542 || (p
->flags
& BSF_GLOBAL
)
543 || p
->section
== &bfd_com_section
544 || (p
->flags
& BSF_CONSTRUCTOR
))
546 Q_enter_global_ref (q
, p
->name
);
554 /* Searching libraries */
556 struct lang_input_statement_struct
*decode_library_subfile ();
557 void linear_library (), symdef_library ();
559 /* Search the library ENTRY, already open on descriptor DESC.
560 This means deciding which library members to load,
561 making a chain of `struct lang_input_statement_struct' for those members,
562 and entering their global symbols in the hash table. */
565 search_library (entry
)
566 struct lang_input_statement_struct
*entry
;
569 /* No need to load a library if no undefined symbols */
570 if (!undefined_global_sym_count
)
573 if (bfd_has_map (entry
->the_bfd
))
574 symdef_library (entry
);
576 linear_library (entry
);
583 gnu960_check_format (abfd
, format
)
589 if ((bfd_check_format (abfd
, format
) == true)
590 && (abfd
->xvec
->flavour
== output_flavor
))
602 ldmain_open_file_read_symbol (entry
)
603 struct lang_input_statement_struct
*entry
;
605 if (entry
->asymbols
== (asymbol
**) NULL
606 && entry
->real
== true
607 && entry
->filename
!= (char *) NULL
)
609 ldfile_open_file (entry
);
613 if (gnu960_check_format (entry
->the_bfd
, bfd_object
))
615 if (bfd_check_format (entry
->the_bfd
, bfd_object
))
618 entry
->the_bfd
->usrdata
= (PTR
) entry
;
621 Q_read_entry_symbols (entry
->the_bfd
, entry
);
623 /* look through the sections in the file and see if any of them
625 ldlang_check_for_constructors (entry
);
627 Q_enter_file_symbols (entry
);
630 else if (gnu960_check_format (entry
->the_bfd
, bfd_archive
))
632 else if (bfd_check_format (entry
->the_bfd
, bfd_archive
))
635 entry
->the_bfd
->usrdata
= (PTR
) entry
;
637 entry
->subfiles
= (lang_input_statement_type
*) NULL
;
638 search_library (entry
);
642 einfo ("%F%B: malformed input file (not rel or archive) \n",
649 /* Construct and return a lang_input_statement_struct for a library member.
650 The library's lang_input_statement_struct is library_entry,
651 and the library is open on DESC.
652 SUBFILE_OFFSET is the byte index in the library of this member's header.
653 We store the length of the member into *LENGTH_LOC. */
655 lang_input_statement_type
*
656 decode_library_subfile (library_entry
, subfile_offset
)
657 struct lang_input_statement_struct
*library_entry
;
660 register struct lang_input_statement_struct
*subentry
;
661 subentry
= (struct lang_input_statement_struct
*) ldmalloc ((bfd_size_type
) (sizeof (struct lang_input_statement_struct
)));
663 subentry
->filename
= subfile_offset
->filename
;
664 subentry
->local_sym_name
= subfile_offset
->filename
;
665 subentry
->asymbols
= 0;
666 subentry
->the_bfd
= subfile_offset
;
667 subentry
->subfiles
= 0;
669 subentry
->superfile
= library_entry
;
670 subentry
->is_archive
= false;
672 subentry
->just_syms_flag
= false;
673 subentry
->loaded
= false;
679 boolean
subfile_wanted_p ();
681 clear_syms (entry
, offset
)
682 struct lang_input_statement_struct
*entry
;
686 unsigned long indx
= bfd_get_next_mapent (entry
->the_bfd
,
690 while (indx
!= BFD_NO_MORE_SYMBOLS
)
692 if (car
->file_offset
== offset
)
696 indx
= bfd_get_next_mapent (entry
->the_bfd
, indx
, &car
);
701 /* Search a library that has a map
704 symdef_library (entry
)
705 struct lang_input_statement_struct
*entry
;
708 register struct lang_input_statement_struct
*prev
= 0;
710 boolean not_finished
= true;
712 while (not_finished
== true)
714 carsym
*exported_library_name
;
715 bfd
*prev_archive_member_bfd
= 0;
717 int idx
= bfd_get_next_mapent (entry
->the_bfd
,
719 &exported_library_name
);
721 not_finished
= false;
723 while (idx
!= BFD_NO_MORE_SYMBOLS
&& undefined_global_sym_count
)
726 if (exported_library_name
->name
)
729 ldsym_type
*sp
= ldsym_get_soft (exported_library_name
->name
);
731 /* If we find a symbol that appears to be needed, think carefully
732 about the archive member that the symbol is in. */
733 /* So - if it exists, and is referenced somewhere and is
735 if (sp
&& sp
->srefs_chain
&& !sp
->sdefs_chain
)
737 bfd
*archive_member_bfd
= bfd_get_elt_at_index (entry
->the_bfd
, idx
);
738 struct lang_input_statement_struct
*archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
;
741 if (archive_member_bfd
&& gnu960_check_format (archive_member_bfd
, bfd_object
))
743 if (archive_member_bfd
&& bfd_check_format (archive_member_bfd
, bfd_object
))
747 /* Don't think carefully about any archive member
748 more than once in a given pass. */
749 if (prev_archive_member_bfd
!= archive_member_bfd
)
752 prev_archive_member_bfd
= archive_member_bfd
;
754 /* Read the symbol table of the archive member. */
756 if (archive_member_bfd
->usrdata
!= (PTR
) NULL
)
759 archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
= (lang_input_statement_type
*) archive_member_bfd
->usrdata
;
764 archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
=
765 decode_library_subfile (entry
, archive_member_bfd
);
766 archive_member_bfd
->usrdata
= (PTR
) archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
;
770 if (archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
== 0)
772 einfo ("%F%I contains invalid archive member %s\n",
776 if (archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
->loaded
== false)
779 Q_read_entry_symbols (archive_member_bfd
, archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
);
780 /* Now scan the symbol table and decide whether to load. */
783 if (subfile_wanted_p (archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
) == true)
786 /* This member is needed; load it.
787 Since we are loading something on this pass,
788 we must make another pass through the symdef data. */
792 Q_enter_file_symbols (archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
);
795 prev
->chain
= archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
;
797 entry
->subfiles
= archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
;
800 prev
= archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
;
803 /* Clear out this member's symbols from the symdef data
804 so that following passes won't waste time on them. */
805 clear_syms (entry
, exported_library_name
->file_offset
);
806 archive_member_lang_input_statement_struct
->loaded
= true;
813 idx
= bfd_get_next_mapent (entry
->the_bfd
, idx
, &exported_library_name
);
819 linear_library (entry
)
820 struct lang_input_statement_struct
*entry
;
822 boolean more_to_do
= true;
823 register struct lang_input_statement_struct
*prev
= 0;
825 if (entry
->complained
== false)
827 einfo ("%P: library %s has bad table of contents, rerun ranlib\n",
828 entry
->the_bfd
->filename
);
829 entry
->complained
= true;
834 bfd
*archive
= bfd_openr_next_archived_file (entry
->the_bfd
, 0);
840 if (gnu960_check_format (archive
, bfd_object
))
842 if (bfd_check_format (archive
, bfd_object
))
845 register struct lang_input_statement_struct
*subentry
;
847 subentry
= decode_library_subfile (entry
,
850 archive
->usrdata
= (PTR
) subentry
;
853 if (subentry
->loaded
== false)
855 Q_read_entry_symbols (archive
, subentry
);
857 if (subfile_wanted_p (subentry
) == true)
859 Q_enter_file_symbols (subentry
);
862 prev
->chain
= subentry
;
864 entry
->subfiles
= subentry
;
868 subentry
->loaded
= true;
872 archive
= bfd_openr_next_archived_file (entry
->the_bfd
, archive
);
879 /* ENTRY is an entry for a file inside an archive
880 Its symbols have been read into core, but not entered into the
882 Return nonzero if we ought to load this file */
885 subfile_wanted_p (entry
)
886 struct lang_input_statement_struct
*entry
;
890 for (q
= entry
->asymbols
; *q
; q
++)
894 /* If the symbol has an interesting definition, we could
895 potentially want it. */
897 if (p
->flags
& BSF_INDIRECT
)
899 /** add_indirect(q);*/
902 if (p
->section
== &bfd_com_section
903 || (p
->flags
& BSF_GLOBAL
)
904 || (p
->flags
& BSF_INDIRECT
))
906 register ldsym_type
*sp
= ldsym_get_soft (p
->name
);
908 /* If this symbol has not been hashed,
909 we can't be looking for it. */
910 if (sp
!= (ldsym_type
*) NULL
911 && sp
->sdefs_chain
== (asymbol
**) NULL
)
913 if (sp
->srefs_chain
!= (asymbol
**) NULL
914 || sp
->scoms_chain
!= (asymbol
**) NULL
)
916 /* This is a symbol we are looking for. It is either
917 not yet defined or common. */
919 if (p
->section
== &bfd_com_section
)
922 /* If the symbol in the table is a constructor, we won't to
923 anything fancy with it */
924 if ((sp
->flags
& SYM_CONSTRUCTOR
) == 0)
926 /* This libary member has something to
927 say about this element. We should
928 remember if its a new size */
929 /* Move something from the ref list to the com list */
932 /* Already a common symbol, maybe update it */
933 if (p
->value
> (*(sp
->scoms_chain
))->value
)
935 (*(sp
->scoms_chain
))->value
= p
->value
;
940 /* Take a value from the ref chain
941 Here we are moving a symbol from the owning bfd
942 to another bfd. We must set up the
943 common_section portion of the bfd thing */
947 sp
->scoms_chain
= sp
->srefs_chain
;
949 (asymbol
**) ((*(sp
->srefs_chain
))->udata
);
950 (*(sp
->scoms_chain
))->udata
= (PTR
) NULL
;
952 (*(sp
->scoms_chain
))->section
=
954 (*(sp
->scoms_chain
))->flags
= 0;
955 /* Remember the size of this item */
956 sp
->scoms_chain
[0]->value
= p
->value
;
958 undefined_global_sym_count
--;
961 asymbol
*com
= *(sp
->scoms_chain
);
963 if (((lang_input_statement_type
*)
964 (com
->the_bfd
->usrdata
))->common_section
==
967 ((lang_input_statement_type
*)
968 (com
->the_bfd
->usrdata
))->common_section
=
969 bfd_make_section_old_way (com
->the_bfd
, "COMMON");
973 ASSERT (p
->udata
== 0);
980 info ("%I needed due to %s\n", entry
, sp
->name
);