4 The purpose of the '''Tracing Monitoring Framework (TMF)''' is to facilitate the integration of tracing and monitoring tools into Eclipse, to provide out-of-the-box generic functionalities/views and provide extension mechanisms of the base functionalities for application specific purposes.
6 = Implementing a New Trace Type =
8 The framework can easily be extended to support more trace types. To make a new trace type, one must define the following items:
14 * The ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.tracetype'' plug-in extension point
15 * (Optional) The ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.tracetypeui'' plug-in extension point
17 The '''event type''' must implement an ''ITmfEvent'' or extend a class that implements an ''ITmfEvent''. Typically it will extend ''TmfEvent''. The event type must contain all the data of an event. The '''trace reader''' must be of an ''ITmfTrace'' type. The ''TmfTrace'' class will supply many background operations so that the reader only needs to implement certain functions. The '''trace context''' can be seen as the internals of an iterator. It is required by the trace reader to parse events as it iterates the trace and to keep track of its rank and location. It can have a timestamp, a rank, a file position, or any other element, it should be considered to be ephemeral. The '''trace location''' is an element that is cloned often to store checkpoints, it is generally persistent. It is used to rebuild a context, therefore, it needs to contain enough information to unambiguously point to one and only one event. Finally the ''tracetype'' plug-in extension associates a given trace, non-programmatically to a trace type for use in the UI.
19 == An Example: Nexus-lite parser ==
21 === Description of the file ===
23 This is a very small subset of the nexus trace format, with some changes to make it easier to read. There is one file. This file starts with 64 Strings containing the event names, then an arbitrarily large number of events. The events are each 64 bits long. the first 32 are the timestamp in microseconds, the second 32 are split into 6 bits for the event type, and 26 for the data payload.
25 The trace type will be made of two parts, part 1 is the event description, it is just 64 strings, comma seperated and then a line feed.
28 Startup,Stop,Load,Add, ... ,reserved\n
31 Then there will be the events in this format
34 |style="width: 50%; background-color: #ffffcc;"|timestamp (32 bits)
35 |style="width: 10%; background-color: #ffccff;"|type (6 bits)
36 |style="width: 40%; background-color: #ccffcc;"|payload (26 bits)
38 |style="background-color: #ffcccc;" colspan="3"|64 bits total
41 all events will be the same size (64 bits).
43 === NexusLite Plug-in ===
45 Create a '''New''', '''Project...''', '''Plug-in Project''', set the title to '''com.example.nexuslite''', click '''Next >''' then click on '''Finish'''.
47 Now the structure for the Nexus trace Plug-in is set up.
49 Add a dependency to TMF core and UI by opening the '''MANIFEST.MF''' in '''META-INF''', selecting the '''Dependencies''' tab and '''Add ...''' '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core''' and '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui'''.
51 [[Image:images/NTTAddDepend.png]]<br>
52 [[Image:images/NTTSelectProjects.png]]<br>
54 Now the project can access TMF classes.
58 The '''TmfEvent''' class will work for this example. No code required.
62 The trace reader will extend a '''TmfTrace''' class.
64 It will need to implement:
66 * validate (is the trace format valid?)
68 * initTrace (called as the trace is opened
70 * seekEvent (go to a position in the trace and create a context)
72 * getNext (implemented in the base class)
74 * parseEvent (read the next element in the trace)
76 For reference, there is an example implementation of the Nexus Trace file in
77 org.eclipse.linuxtools.tracing.examples.core.trace.nexus.NexusTrace.java.
79 In this example, the '''validate''' function checks first checks if the file
80 exists, then makes sure that it is really a file, and not a directory. Then we
81 attempt to read the file header, to make sure that it is really a Nexus Trace.
82 If that check passes, we return a TmfValidationStatus with a confidence of 20.
84 Typically, TmfValidationStatus confidences should range from 1 to 100. 1 meaning
85 "there is a very small chance that this trace is of this type", and 100 meaning
86 "it is this type for sure, and cannot be anything else". At run-time, the
87 auto-detection will pick the the type which returned the highest confidence. So
88 checks of the type "does the file exist?" should not return a too high
91 Here we used a confidence of 20, to leave "room" for more specific trace types
92 in the Nexus format that could be defined in TMF.
94 The '''initTrace''' function will read the event names, and find where the data starts. After this, the number of events is known, and since each event is 8 bytes long according to the specs, the seek is then trivial.
96 The '''seek''' here will just reset the reader to the right location.
98 The '''parseEvent''' method needs to parse and return the current event and store the current location.
100 The '''getNext''' method (in base class) will read the next event and update the context. It calls the '''parseEvent''' method to read the event and update the location. It does not need to be overridden and in this example it is not. The sequence of actions necessary are parse the next event from the trace, create an '''ITmfEvent''' with that data, update the current location, call '''updateAttributes''', update the context then return the event.
102 Traces will typically implement an index, to make seeking faster. The index can
103 be rebuilt every time the trace is opened. Alternatively, it can be saved to
104 disk, to make future openings of the same trace quicker. To do so, the trace
105 object can implement the '''ITmfPersistentlyIndexable''' interface.
107 === Trace Context ===
109 The trace context will be a '''TmfContext'''
111 === Trace Location ===
113 The trace location will be a long, representing the rank in the file. The '''TmfLongLocation''' will be the used, once again, no code is required.
115 === The ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.tracetype'' and ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.tracetypeui'' plug-in extension point ===
117 One should implement the ''tmf.core.tracetype'' extension in their own plug-in.
118 In this example, the Nexus trace plug-in will be modified.
120 The '''plugin.xml''' file in the ui plug-in needs to be updated if one wants users to access the given event type. It can be updated in the Eclipse plug-in editor.
122 # In Extensions tab, add the '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.tracetype''' extension point.
123 [[Image:images/NTTExtension.png]]<br>
124 [[Image:images/NTTTraceType.png]]<br>
125 [[Image:images/NTTExtensionPoint.png]]<br>
127 # Add in the '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.tracetype''' extension a new type. To do that, '''right click''' on the extension then in the context menu, go to '''New >''', '''type'''.
129 [[Image:images/NTTAddType.png]]<br>
131 The '''id''' is the unique identifier used to refer to the trace.
133 The '''name''' is the field that shall be displayed when a trace type is selected.
135 The '''trace type''' is the canonical path refering to the class of the trace.
137 The '''event type''' is the canonical path refering to the class of the events of a given trace.
139 The '''category''' (optional) is the container in which this trace type will be stored.
141 # (Optional) To also add UI-specific properties to your trace type, use the '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.tracetypeui''' extension. To do that,
142 '''right click''' on the extension then in the context menu, go to
143 '''New >''', '''type'''.
145 The '''tracetype''' here is the '''id''' of the
146 ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.tracetype'' mentioned above.
148 The '''icon''' is the image to associate with that trace type.
150 In the end, the extension menu should look like this.
152 [[Image:images/NTTPluginxmlComplete.png]]<br>
156 * Do not load the whole trace in RAM, it will limit the size of the trace that can be read.
157 * Reuse as much code as possible, it makes the trace format much easier to maintain.
158 * Use Eclipse's editor instead of editing the XML directly.
159 * Do not forget Java supports only signed data types, there may be special care needed to handle unsigned data.
160 * If the support for your trace has custom UI elements (like icons, views, etc.), split the core and UI parts in separate plugins, named identically except for a ''.core'' or ''.ui'' suffix.
161 ** Implement the ''tmf.core.tracetype'' extension in the core plugin, and the ''tmf.ui.tracetypeui'' extension in the UI plugin if applicable.
163 == Download the Code ==
165 The described example is available in the
166 org.eclipse.linuxtools.tracing.examples.(tests.)trace.nexus packages with a
167 trace generator and a quick test case.
169 == Optional Trace Type Attributes ==
171 After defining the trace type as described in the previous chapters it is possible to define optional attributes for the trace type.
173 === Default Editor ===
175 The '''defaultEditor''' attribute of the '''org.eclipse.tmf.ui.tracetypeui'''
176 extension point allows for configuring the editor to use for displaying the
177 events. If omitted, the ''TmfEventsEditor'' is used as default.
179 To configure an editor, first add the '''defaultEditor''' attribute to the trace
180 type in the extension definition. This can be done by selecting the trace type
181 in the plug-in manifest editor. Then click the right mouse button and select
182 '''New -> defaultEditor''' in the context sensitive menu. Then select the newly
183 added attribute. Now you can specify the editor id to use on the right side of
184 the manifest editor. For example, this attribute could be used to implement an
185 extension of the class ''org.eclipse.ui.part.MultiPageEditor''. The first page
186 could use the ''TmfEventsEditor''' to display the events in a table as usual and
187 other pages can display other aspects of the trace.
189 === Events Table Type ===
191 The '''eventsTableType''' attribute of the '''org.eclipse.tmf.ui.tracetypeui'''
192 extension point allows for configuring the events table class to use in the
193 default events editor. If omitted, the default events table will be used.
195 To configure a trace type specific events table, first add the
196 '''eventsTableType''' attribute to the trace type in the extension definition.
197 This can be done by selecting the trace type in the plug-in manifest editor.
198 Then click the right mouse button and select '''New -> eventsTableType''' in the
199 context sensitive menu. Then select the newly added attribute and click on
200 ''class'' on the right side of the manifest editor. The new class wizard will
201 open. The ''superclass'' field will be already filled with the class ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.viewers.events.TmfEventsTable''.
203 By using this attribute, a table with different columns than the default columns
204 can be defined. See the class org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.lttng2.kernel.ui.viewers.events.Lttng2EventsTable
205 for an example implementation.
209 This tutorial describes how to create a simple view using the TMF framework and the SWTChart library. SWTChart is a library based on SWT that can draw several types of charts including a line chart which we will use in this tutorial. We will create a view containing a line chart that displays time stamps on the X axis and the corresponding event values on the Y axis.
211 This tutorial will cover concepts like:
214 * Signal handling (@TmfSignalHandler)
215 * Data requests (TmfEventRequest)
216 * SWTChart integration
218 '''Note''': TMF 3.0.0 provides base implementations for generating SWTChart viewers and views. For more details please refer to chapter [[#TMF Built-in Views and Viewers]].
220 === Prerequisites ===
222 The tutorial is based on Eclipse 4.4 (Eclipse Luna), TMF 3.0.0 and SWTChart 0.7.0. If you are using TMF from the source repository, SWTChart is already included in the target definition file (see org.eclipse.linuxtools.lttng.target). You can also install it manually by using the Orbit update site. http://download.eclipse.org/tools/orbit/downloads/
224 === Creating an Eclipse UI Plug-in ===
226 To create a new project with name org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.sample.ui select '''File -> New -> Project -> Plug-in Development -> Plug-in Project'''. <br>
227 [[Image:images/Screenshot-NewPlug-inProject1.png]]<br>
229 [[Image:images/Screenshot-NewPlug-inProject2.png]]<br>
231 [[Image:images/Screenshot-NewPlug-inProject3.png]]<br>
233 === Creating a View ===
235 To open the plug-in manifest, double-click on the MANIFEST.MF file. <br>
236 [[Image:images/SelectManifest.png]]<br>
238 Change to the Dependencies tab and select '''Add...''' of the ''Required Plug-ins'' section. A new dialog box will open. Next find plug-in ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core'' and press '''OK'''<br>
239 Following the same steps, add ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui'' and ''org.swtchart''.<br>
240 [[Image:images/AddDependencyTmfUi.png]]<br>
242 Change to the Extensions tab and select '''Add...''' of the ''All Extension'' section. A new dialog box will open. Find the view extension ''org.eclipse.ui.views'' and press '''Finish'''.<br>
243 [[Image:images/AddViewExtension1.png]]<br>
245 To create a view, click the right mouse button. Then select '''New -> view'''<br>
246 [[Image:images/AddViewExtension2.png]]<br>
248 A new view entry has been created. Fill in the fields ''id'' and ''name''. For ''class'' click on the '''class hyperlink''' and it will show the New Java Class dialog. Enter the name ''SampleView'', change the superclass to ''TmfView'' and click Finish. This will create the source file and fill the ''class'' field in the process. We use TmfView as the superclass because it provides extra functionality like getting the active trace, pinning and it has support for signal handling between components.<br>
249 [[Image:images/FillSampleViewExtension.png]]<br>
251 This will generate an empty class. Once the quick fixes are applied, the following code is obtained:
254 package org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.sample.ui;
256 import org.eclipse.swt.widgets.Composite;
257 import org.eclipse.ui.part.ViewPart;
259 public class SampleView extends TmfView {
261 public SampleView(String viewName) {
263 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
267 public void createPartControl(Composite parent) {
268 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
273 public void setFocus() {
274 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
281 This creates an empty view, however the basic structure is now is place.
283 === Implementing a view ===
285 We will start by adding a empty chart then it will need to be populated with the trace data. Finally, we will make the chart more visually pleasing by adjusting the range and formating the time stamps.
287 ==== Adding an Empty Chart ====
289 First, we can add an empty chart to the view and initialize some of its components.
292 private static final String SERIES_NAME = "Series";
293 private static final String Y_AXIS_TITLE = "Signal";
294 private static final String X_AXIS_TITLE = "Time";
295 private static final String FIELD = "value"; // The name of the field that we want to display on the Y axis
296 private static final String VIEW_ID = "org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.sample.ui.view";
298 private ITmfTrace currentTrace;
300 public SampleView() {
305 public void createPartControl(Composite parent) {
306 chart = new Chart(parent, SWT.BORDER);
307 chart.getTitle().setVisible(false);
308 chart.getAxisSet().getXAxis(0).getTitle().setText(X_AXIS_TITLE);
309 chart.getAxisSet().getYAxis(0).getTitle().setText(Y_AXIS_TITLE);
310 chart.getSeriesSet().createSeries(SeriesType.LINE, SERIES_NAME);
311 chart.getLegend().setVisible(false);
315 public void setFocus() {
320 The view is prepared. Run the Example. To launch the an Eclipse Application select the ''Overview'' tab and click on '''Launch an Eclipse Application'''<br>
321 [[Image:images/RunEclipseApplication.png]]<br>
323 A new Eclipse application window will show. In the new window go to '''Windows -> Show View -> Other... -> Other -> Sample View'''.<br>
324 [[Image:images/ShowViewOther.png]]<br>
326 You should now see a view containing an empty chart<br>
327 [[Image:images/EmptySampleView.png]]<br>
329 ==== Signal Handling ====
331 We would like to populate the view when a trace is selected. To achieve this, we can use a signal hander which is specified with the '''@TmfSignalHandler''' annotation.
335 public void traceSelected(final TmfTraceSelectedSignal signal) {
340 ==== Requesting Data ====
342 Then we need to actually gather data from the trace. This is done asynchronously using a ''TmfEventRequest''
346 public void traceSelected(final TmfTraceSelectedSignal signal) {
347 // Don't populate the view again if we're already showing this trace
348 if (currentTrace == signal.getTrace()) {
351 currentTrace = signal.getTrace();
353 // Create the request to get data from the trace
355 TmfEventRequest req = new TmfEventRequest(TmfEvent.class,
356 TmfTimeRange.ETERNITY, 0, ITmfEventRequest.ALL_DATA,
357 ITmfEventRequest.ExecutionType.BACKGROUND) {
360 public void handleData(ITmfEvent data) {
361 // Called for each event
362 super.handleData(data);
366 public void handleSuccess() {
367 // Request successful, not more data available
368 super.handleSuccess();
372 public void handleFailure() {
373 // Request failed, not more data available
374 super.handleFailure();
377 ITmfTrace trace = signal.getTrace();
378 trace.sendRequest(req);
382 ==== Transferring Data to the Chart ====
384 The chart expects an array of doubles for both the X and Y axis values. To provide that, we can accumulate each event's time and value in their respective list then convert the list to arrays when all events are processed.
387 TmfEventRequest req = new TmfEventRequest(TmfEvent.class,
388 TmfTimeRange.ETERNITY, 0, ITmfEventRequest.ALL_DATA,
389 ITmfEventRequest.ExecutionType.BACKGROUND) {
391 ArrayList<Double> xValues = new ArrayList<Double>();
392 ArrayList<Double> yValues = new ArrayList<Double>();
395 public void handleData(ITmfEvent data) {
396 // Called for each event
397 super.handleData(data);
398 ITmfEventField field = data.getContent().getField(FIELD);
400 yValues.add((Double) field.getValue());
401 xValues.add((double) data.getTimestamp().getValue());
406 public void handleSuccess() {
407 // Request successful, not more data available
408 super.handleSuccess();
410 final double x[] = toArray(xValues);
411 final double y[] = toArray(yValues);
413 // This part needs to run on the UI thread since it updates the chart SWT control
414 Display.getDefault().asyncExec(new Runnable() {
418 chart.getSeriesSet().getSeries()[0].setXSeries(x);
419 chart.getSeriesSet().getSeries()[0].setYSeries(y);
428 * Convert List<Double> to double[]
430 private double[] toArray(List<Double> list) {
431 double[] d = new double[list.size()];
432 for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); ++i) {
441 ==== Adjusting the Range ====
443 The chart now contains values but they might be out of range and not visible. We can adjust the range of each axis by computing the minimum and maximum values as we add events.
447 ArrayList<Double> xValues = new ArrayList<Double>();
448 ArrayList<Double> yValues = new ArrayList<Double>();
449 private double maxY = -Double.MAX_VALUE;
450 private double minY = Double.MAX_VALUE;
451 private double maxX = -Double.MAX_VALUE;
452 private double minX = Double.MAX_VALUE;
455 public void handleData(ITmfEvent data) {
456 super.handleData(data);
457 ITmfEventField field = data.getContent().getField(FIELD);
459 Double yValue = (Double) field.getValue();
460 minY = Math.min(minY, yValue);
461 maxY = Math.max(maxY, yValue);
464 double xValue = (double) data.getTimestamp().getValue();
466 minX = Math.min(minX, xValue);
467 maxX = Math.max(maxX, xValue);
472 public void handleSuccess() {
473 super.handleSuccess();
474 final double x[] = toArray(xValues);
475 final double y[] = toArray(yValues);
477 // This part needs to run on the UI thread since it updates the chart SWT control
478 Display.getDefault().asyncExec(new Runnable() {
482 chart.getSeriesSet().getSeries()[0].setXSeries(x);
483 chart.getSeriesSet().getSeries()[0].setYSeries(y);
486 if (!xValues.isEmpty() && !yValues.isEmpty()) {
487 chart.getAxisSet().getXAxis(0).setRange(new Range(0, x[x.length - 1]));
488 chart.getAxisSet().getYAxis(0).setRange(new Range(minY, maxY));
490 chart.getAxisSet().getXAxis(0).setRange(new Range(0, 1));
491 chart.getAxisSet().getYAxis(0).setRange(new Range(0, 1));
493 chart.getAxisSet().adjustRange();
501 ==== Formatting the Time Stamps ====
503 To display the time stamps on the X axis nicely, we need to specify a format or else the time stamps will be displayed as ''long''. We use TmfTimestampFormat to make it consistent with the other TMF views. We also need to handle the '''TmfTimestampFormatUpdateSignal''' to make sure that the time stamps update when the preferences change.
507 public void createPartControl(Composite parent) {
510 chart.getAxisSet().getXAxis(0).getTick().setFormat(new TmfChartTimeStampFormat());
513 public class TmfChartTimeStampFormat extends SimpleDateFormat {
514 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
516 public StringBuffer format(Date date, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition fieldPosition) {
517 long time = date.getTime();
518 toAppendTo.append(TmfTimestampFormat.getDefaulTimeFormat().format(time));
524 public void timestampFormatUpdated(TmfTimestampFormatUpdateSignal signal) {
525 // Called when the time stamp preference is changed
526 chart.getAxisSet().getXAxis(0).getTick().setFormat(new TmfChartTimeStampFormat());
531 We also need to populate the view when a trace is already selected and the view is opened. We can reuse the same code by having the view send the '''TmfTraceSelectedSignal''' to itself.
535 public void createPartControl(Composite parent) {
538 ITmfTrace trace = getActiveTrace();
540 traceSelected(new TmfTraceSelectedSignal(this, trace));
545 The view is now ready but we need a proper trace to test it. For this example, a trace was generated using LTTng-UST so that it would produce a sine function.<br>
547 [[Image:images/SampleView.png]]<br>
549 In summary, we have implemented a simple TMF view using the SWTChart library. We made use of signals and requests to populate the view at the appropriate time and we formated the time stamps nicely. We also made sure that the time stamp format is updated when the preferences change.
551 == TMF Built-in Views and Viewers ==
553 TMF provides base implementations for several types of views and viewers for generating custom X-Y-Charts, Time Graphs, or Trees. They are well integrated with various TMF features such as reading traces and time synchronization with other views. They also handle mouse events for navigating the trace and view, zooming or presenting detailed information at mouse position. The code can be found in the TMF UI plug-in ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui''. See below for a list of relevant java packages:
556 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views'': Common TMF view base classes
558 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.viewers.xycharts'': Common base classes for X-Y-Chart viewers based on SWTChart
559 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.viewers.xycharts.barcharts'': Base classes for bar charts
560 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.viewers.xycharts.linecharts'': Base classes for line charts
562 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.widgets.timegraph'': Base classes for time graphs e.g. Gantt-charts
564 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.viewers.tree'': Base classes for TMF specific tree viewers
566 Several features in TMF and the Eclipse LTTng integration are using this framework and can be used as example for further developments:
568 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.lttng2.ust.ui.views.memusage.MemUsageView.java''
569 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.lttng2.kernel.ui.views.cpuusage.CpuUsageView.java''
570 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tracing.examples.ui.views.histogram.NewHistogramView.java''
572 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.lttng2.kernel.ui.views.controlflow.ControlFlowView.java''
573 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.lttng2.kernel.ui.views.resources.ResourcesView.java''
575 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.statesystem.TmfStateSystemExplorer.java''
576 ** ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.lttng2.kernel.ui.views.cpuusage.CpuUsageComposite.java''
578 = Component Interaction =
580 TMF provides a mechanism for different components to interact with each other using signals. The signals can carry information that is specific to each signal.
582 The TMF Signal Manager handles registration of components and the broadcasting of signals to their intended receivers.
584 Components can register as VIP receivers which will ensure they will receive the signal before non-VIP receivers.
586 == Sending Signals ==
588 In order to send a signal, an instance of the signal must be created and passed as argument to the signal manager to be dispatched. Every component that can handle the signal will receive it. The receivers do not need to be known by the sender.
591 TmfExampleSignal signal = new TmfExampleSignal(this, ...);
592 TmfSignalManager.dispatchSignal(signal);
595 If the sender is an instance of the class TmfComponent, the broadcast method can be used:
598 TmfExampleSignal signal = new TmfExampleSignal(this, ...);
602 == Receiving Signals ==
604 In order to receive any signal, the receiver must first be registered with the signal manager. The receiver can register as a normal or VIP receiver.
607 TmfSignalManager.register(this);
608 TmfSignalManager.registerVIP(this);
611 If the receiver is an instance of the class TmfComponent, it is automatically registered as a normal receiver in the constructor.
613 When the receiver is destroyed or disposed, it should deregister itself from the signal manager.
616 TmfSignalManager.deregister(this);
619 To actually receive and handle any specific signal, the receiver must use the @TmfSignalHandler annotation and implement a method that will be called when the signal is broadcast. The name of the method is irrelevant.
623 public void example(TmfExampleSignal signal) {
628 The source of the signal can be used, if necessary, by a component to filter out and ignore a signal that was broadcast by itself when the component is also a receiver of the signal but only needs to handle it when it was sent by another component or another instance of the component.
630 == Signal Throttling ==
632 It is possible for a TmfComponent instance to buffer the dispatching of signals so that only the last signal queued after a specified delay without any other signal queued is sent to the receivers. All signals that are preempted by a newer signal within the delay are discarded.
634 The signal throttler must first be initialized:
637 final int delay = 100; // in ms
638 TmfSignalThrottler throttler = new TmfSignalThrottler(this, delay);
641 Then the sending of signals should be queued through the throttler:
644 TmfExampleSignal signal = new TmfExampleSignal(this, ...);
645 throttler.queue(signal);
648 When the throttler is no longer needed, it should be disposed:
654 == Signal Reference ==
656 The following is a list of built-in signals defined in the framework.
658 === TmfStartSynchSignal ===
662 This signal is used to indicate the start of broadcasting of a signal. Internally, the data provider will not fire event requests until the corresponding TmfEndSynchSignal signal is received. This allows coalescing of requests triggered by multiple receivers of the broadcast signal.
666 Sent by TmfSignalManager before dispatching a signal to all receivers.
670 Received by TmfDataProvider.
672 === TmfEndSynchSignal ===
676 This signal is used to indicate the end of broadcasting of a signal. Internally, the data provider fire all pending event requests that were received and buffered since the corresponding TmfStartSynchSignal signal was received. This allows coalescing of requests triggered by multiple receivers of the broadcast signal.
680 Sent by TmfSignalManager after dispatching a signal to all receivers.
684 Received by TmfDataProvider.
686 === TmfTraceOpenedSignal ===
690 This signal is used to indicate that a trace has been opened in an editor.
694 Sent by a TmfEventsEditor instance when it is created.
698 Received by TmfTrace, TmfExperiment, TmfTraceManager and every view that shows trace data. Components that show trace data should handle this signal.
700 === TmfTraceSelectedSignal ===
704 This signal is used to indicate that a trace has become the currently selected trace.
708 Sent by a TmfEventsEditor instance when it receives focus. Components can send this signal to make a trace editor be brought to front.
712 Received by TmfTraceManager and every view that shows trace data. Components that show trace data should handle this signal.
714 === TmfTraceClosedSignal ===
718 This signal is used to indicate that a trace editor has been closed.
722 Sent by a TmfEventsEditor instance when it is disposed.
726 Received by TmfTraceManager and every view that shows trace data. Components that show trace data should handle this signal.
728 === TmfTraceRangeUpdatedSignal ===
732 This signal is used to indicate that the valid time range of a trace has been updated. This triggers indexing of the trace up to the end of the range. In the context of streaming, this end time is considered a safe time up to which all events are guaranteed to have been completely received. For non-streaming traces, the end time is set to infinity indicating that all events can be read immediately. Any processing of trace events that wants to take advantage of request coalescing should be triggered by this signal.
736 Sent by TmfExperiment and non-streaming TmfTrace. Streaming traces should send this signal in the TmfTrace subclass when a new safe time is determined by a specific implementation.
740 Received by TmfTrace, TmfExperiment and components that process trace events. Components that need to process trace events should handle this signal.
742 === TmfTraceUpdatedSignal ===
746 This signal is used to indicate that new events have been indexed for a trace.
750 Sent by TmfCheckpointIndexer when new events have been indexed and the number of events has changed.
754 Received by components that need to be notified of a new trace event count.
756 === TmfTimeSynchSignal ===
760 This signal is used to indicate that a new time or time range has been
761 selected. It contains a begin and end time. If a single time is selected then
762 the begin and end time are the same.
766 Sent by any component that allows the user to select a time or time range.
770 Received by any component that needs to be notified of the currently selected time or time range.
772 === TmfRangeSynchSignal ===
776 This signal is used to indicate that a new time range window has been set.
780 Sent by any component that allows the user to set a time range window.
784 Received by any component that needs to be notified of the current visible time range window.
786 === TmfEventFilterAppliedSignal ===
790 This signal is used to indicate that a filter has been applied to a trace.
794 Sent by TmfEventsTable when a filter is applied.
798 Received by any component that shows trace data and needs to be notified of applied filters.
800 === TmfEventSearchAppliedSignal ===
804 This signal is used to indicate that a search has been applied to a trace.
808 Sent by TmfEventsTable when a search is applied.
812 Received by any component that shows trace data and needs to be notified of applied searches.
814 === TmfTimestampFormatUpdateSignal ===
818 This signal is used to indicate that the timestamp format preference has been updated.
822 Sent by TmfTimestampFormat when the default timestamp format preference is changed.
826 Received by any component that needs to refresh its display for the new timestamp format.
828 === TmfStatsUpdatedSignal ===
832 This signal is used to indicate that the statistics data model has been updated.
836 Sent by statistic providers when new statistics data has been processed.
840 Received by statistics viewers and any component that needs to be notified of a statistics update.
842 === TmfPacketStreamSelected ===
846 This signal is used to indicate that the user has selected a packet stream to analyze.
850 Sent by the Stream List View when the user selects a new packet stream.
854 Received by views that analyze packet streams.
858 TMF has built-in Eclipse tracing support for the debugging of signal interaction between components. To enable it, open the '''Run/Debug Configuration...''' dialog, select a configuration, click the '''Tracing''' tab, select the plug-in '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core''', and check the '''signal''' item.
860 All signals sent and received will be logged to the file TmfTrace.log located in the Eclipse home directory.
862 = Generic State System =
866 The Generic State System is a utility available in TMF to track different states
867 over the duration of a trace. It works by first sending some or all events of
868 the trace into a state provider, which defines the state changes for a given
869 trace type. Once built, views and analysis modules can then query the resulting
870 database of states (called "state history") to get information.
872 For example, let's suppose we have the following sequence of events in a kernel
875 10 s, sys_open, fd = 5, file = /home/user/myfile
877 15 s, sys_read, fd = 5, size=32
879 20 s, sys_close, fd = 5
881 Now let's say we want to implement an analysis module which will track the
882 amount of bytes read and written to each file. Here, of course the sys_read is
883 interesting. However, by just looking at that event, we have no information on
884 which file is being read, only its fd (5) is known. To get the match
885 fd5 = /home/user/myfile, we have to go back to the sys_open event which happens
888 But since we don't know exactly where this sys_open event is, we will have to go
889 back to the very start of the trace, and look through events one by one! This is
890 obviously not efficient, and will not scale well if we want to analyze many
891 similar patterns, or for very large traces.
893 A solution in this case would be to use the state system to keep track of the
894 amount of bytes read/written to every *filename* (instead of every file
895 descriptor, like we get from the events). Then the module could ask the state
896 system "what is the amount of bytes read for file "/home/user/myfile" at time
897 16 s", and it would return the answer "32" (assuming there is no other read
900 == High-level components ==
902 The State System infrastructure is composed of 3 parts:
904 * The central state system
905 * The storage backend
907 The state provider is the customizable part. This is where the mapping from
908 trace events to state changes is done. This is what you want to implement for
909 your specific trace type and analysis type. It's represented by the
910 ITmfStateProvider interface (with a threaded implementation in
911 AbstractTmfStateProvider, which you can extend).
913 The core of the state system is exposed through the ITmfStateSystem and
914 ITmfStateSystemBuilder interfaces. The former allows only read-only access and
915 is typically used for views doing queries. The latter also allows writing to the
916 state history, and is typically used by the state provider.
918 Finally, each state system has its own separate backend. This determines how the
919 intervals, or the "state history", are saved (in RAM, on disk, etc.) You can
920 select the type of backend at construction time in the TmfStateSystemFactory.
924 Before we dig into how to use the state system, we should go over some useful
929 An attribute is the smallest element of the model that can be in any particular
930 state. When we refer to the "full state", in fact it means we are interested in
931 the state of every single attribute of the model.
933 === Attribute Tree ===
935 Attributes in the model can be placed in a tree-like structure, a bit like files
936 and directories in a file system. However, note that an attribute can always
937 have both a value and sub-attributes, so they are like files and directories at
938 the same time. We are then able to refer to every single attribute with its
941 For example, in the attribute tree for LTTng kernel traces, we use the following
942 attributes, among others:
960 In this model, the attribute "Processes/1000/PPID" refers to the PPID of process
961 with PID 1000. The attribute "CPUs/0/Status" represents the status (running,
962 idle, etc.) of CPU 0. "Processes/1000/PPID" and "Processes/1001/PPID" are two
963 different attribute, even though their base name is the same: the whole path is
964 the unique identifier.
966 The value of each attribute can change over the duration of the trace,
967 independently of the other ones, and independently of its position in the tree.
969 The tree-like organization is optional, all attributes could be at the same
970 level. But it's possible to put them in a tree, and it helps make things
975 In addition to a given path, each attribute also has a unique integer
976 identifier, called the "quark". To continue with the file system analogy, this
977 is like the inode number. When a new attribute is created, a new unique quark
978 will be assigned automatically. They are assigned incrementally, so they will
979 normally be equal to their order of creation, starting at 0.
981 Methods are offered to get the quark of an attribute from its path. The API
982 methods for inserting state changes and doing queries normally use quarks
983 instead of paths. This is to encourage users to cache the quarks and re-use
984 them, which avoids re-walking the attribute tree over and over, which avoids
985 unneeded hashing of strings.
989 The path and quark of an attribute will remain constant for the whole duration
990 of the trace. However, the value carried by the attribute will change. The value
991 of a specific attribute at a specific time is called the state value.
993 In the TMF implementation, state values can be integers, longs, doubles, or strings.
994 There is also a "null value" type, which is used to indicate that no particular
995 value is active for this attribute at this time, but without resorting to a
998 Any other type of value could be used, as long as the backend knows how to store
1001 Note that the TMF implementation also forces every attribute to always carry the
1002 same type of state value. This is to make it simpler for views, so they can
1003 expect that an attribute will always use a given type, without having to check
1004 every single time. Null values are an exception, they are always allowed for all
1005 attributes, since they can safely be "unboxed" into all types.
1007 === State change ===
1009 A state change is the element that is inserted in the state system. It consists
1011 * a timestamp (the time at which the state change occurs)
1012 * an attribute (the attribute whose value will change)
1013 * a state value (the new value that the attribute will carry)
1015 It's not an object per se in the TMF implementation (it's represented by a
1016 function call in the state provider). Typically, the state provider will insert
1017 zero, one or more state changes for every trace event, depending on its event
1020 Note, we use "timestamp" here, but it's in fact a generic term that could be
1021 referred to as "index". For example, if a given trace type has no notion of
1022 timestamp, the event rank could be used.
1024 In the TMF implementation, the timestamp is a long (64-bit integer).
1026 === State interval ===
1028 State changes are inserted into the state system, but state intervals are the
1029 objects that come out on the other side. Those are stocked in the storage
1030 backend. A state interval represents a "state" of an attribute we want to track.
1031 When doing queries on the state system, intervals are what is returned. The
1032 components of a state interval are:
1038 The start and end times represent the time range of the state. The state value
1039 is the same as the state value in the state change that started this interval.
1040 The interval also keeps a reference to its quark, although you normally know
1041 your quark in advance when you do queries.
1043 === State history ===
1045 The state history is the name of the container for all the intervals created by
1046 the state system. The exact implementation (how the intervals are stored) is
1047 determined by the storage backend that is used.
1049 Some backends will use a state history that is peristent on disk, others do not.
1050 When loading a trace, if a history file is available and the backend supports
1051 it, it will be loaded right away, skipping the need to go through another
1054 === Construction phase ===
1056 Before we can query a state system, we need to build the state history first. To
1057 do so, trace events are sent one-by-one through the state provider, which in
1058 turn sends state changes to the central component, which then creates intervals
1059 and stores them in the backend. This is called the construction phase.
1061 Note that the state system needs to receive its events into chronological order.
1062 This phase will end once the end of the trace is reached.
1064 Also note that it is possible to query the state system while it is being build.
1065 Any timestamp between the start of the trace and the current end time of the
1066 state system (available with ITmfStateSystem#getCurrentEndTime()) is a valid
1067 timestamp that can be queried.
1071 As mentioned previously, when doing queries on the state system, the returned
1072 objects will be state intervals. In most cases it's the state *value* we are
1073 interested in, but since the backend has to instantiate the interval object
1074 anyway, there is no additional cost to return the interval instead. This way we
1075 also get the start and end times of the state "for free".
1077 There are two types of queries that can be done on the state system:
1079 ==== Full queries ====
1081 A full query means that we want to retrieve the whole state of the model for one
1082 given timestamp. As we remember, this means "the state of every single attribute
1083 in the model". As parameter we only need to pass the timestamp (see the API
1084 methods below). The return value will be an array of intervals, where the offset
1085 in the array represents the quark of each attribute.
1087 ==== Single queries ====
1089 In other cases, we might only be interested in the state of one particular
1090 attribute at one given timestamp. For these cases it's better to use a
1091 single query. For a single query. we need to pass both a timestamp and a
1092 quark in parameter. The return value will be a single interval, representing
1093 the state that this particular attribute was at that time.
1095 Single queries are typically faster than full queries (but once again, this
1096 depends on the backend that is used), but not by much. Even if you only want the
1097 state of say 10 attributes out of 200, it could be faster to use a full query
1098 and only read the ones you need. Single queries should be used for cases where
1099 you only want one attribute per timestamp (for example, if you follow the state
1100 of the same attribute over a time range).
1103 == Relevant interfaces/classes ==
1105 This section will describe the public interface and classes that can be used if
1106 you want to use the state system.
1108 === Main classes in org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.statesystem ===
1110 ==== ITmfStateProvider / AbstractTmfStateProvider ====
1112 ITmfStateProvider is the interface you have to implement to define your state
1113 provider. This is where most of the work has to be done to use a state system
1114 for a custom trace type or analysis type.
1116 For first-time users, it's recommended to extend AbstractTmfStateProvider
1117 instead. This class takes care of all the initialization mumbo-jumbo, and also
1118 runs the event handler in a separate thread. You will only need to implement
1119 eventHandle, which is the call-back that will be called for every event in the
1122 For an example, you can look at StatsStateProvider in the TMF tree, or at the
1123 small example below.
1125 ==== TmfStateSystemFactory ====
1127 Once you have defined your state provider, you need to tell your trace type to
1128 build a state system with this provider during its initialization. This consists
1129 of overriding TmfTrace#buildStateSystems() and in there of calling the method in
1130 TmfStateSystemFactory that corresponds to the storage backend you want to use
1131 (see the section [[#Comparison of state system backends]]).
1133 You will have to pass in parameter the state provider you want to use, which you
1134 should have defined already. Each backend can also ask for more configuration
1137 You must then call registerStateSystem(id, statesystem) to make your state
1138 system visible to the trace objects and the views. The ID can be any string of
1139 your choosing. To access this particular state system, the views or modules will
1140 need to use this ID.
1142 Also, don't forget to call super.buildStateSystems() in your implementation,
1143 unless you know for sure you want to skip the state providers built by the
1146 You can look at how LttngKernelTrace does it for an example. It could also be
1147 possible to build a state system only under certain conditions (like only if the
1148 trace contains certain event types).
1151 ==== ITmfStateSystem ====
1153 ITmfStateSystem is the main interface through which views or analysis modules
1154 will access the state system. It offers a read-only view of the state system,
1155 which means that no states can be inserted, and no attributes can be created.
1156 Calling TmfTrace#getStateSystems().get(id) will return you a ITmfStateSystem
1157 view of the requested state system. The main methods of interest are:
1159 ===== getQuarkAbsolute()/getQuarkRelative() =====
1161 Those are the basic quark-getting methods. The goal of the state system is to
1162 return the state values of given attributes at given timestamps. As we've seen
1163 earlier, attributes can be described with a file-system-like path. The goal of
1164 these methods is to convert from the path representation of the attribute to its
1167 Since quarks are created on-the-fly, there is no guarantee that the same
1168 attributes will have the same quark for two traces of the same type. The views
1169 should always query their quarks when dealing with a new trace or a new state
1170 provider. Beyond that however, quarks should be cached and reused as much as
1171 possible, to avoid potentially costly string re-hashing.
1173 getQuarkAbsolute() takes a variable amount of Strings in parameter, which
1174 represent the full path to the attribute. Some of them can be constants, some
1175 can come programatically, often from the event's fields.
1177 getQuarkRelative() is to be used when you already know the quark of a certain
1178 attribute, and want to access on of its sub-attributes. Its first parameter is
1179 the origin quark, followed by a String varagrs which represent the relative path
1180 to the final attribute.
1182 These two methods will throw an AttributeNotFoundException if trying to access
1183 an attribute that does not exist in the model.
1185 These methods also imply that the view has the knowledge of how the attribute
1186 tree is organized. This should be a reasonable hypothesis, since the same
1187 analysis plugin will normally ship both the state provider and the view, and
1188 they will have been written by the same person. In other cases, it's possible to
1189 use getSubAttributes() to explore the organization of the attribute tree first.
1191 ===== waitUntilBuilt() =====
1193 This is a simple method used to block the caller until the construction phase of
1194 this state system is done. If the view prefers to wait until all information is
1195 available before starting to do queries (to get all known attributes right away,
1196 for example), this is the guy to call.
1198 ===== queryFullState() =====
1200 This is the method to do full queries. As mentioned earlier, you only need to
1201 pass a target timestamp in parameter. It will return a List of state intervals,
1202 in which the offset corresponds to the attribute quark. This will represent the
1203 complete state of the model at the requested time.
1205 ===== querySingleState() =====
1207 The method to do single queries. You pass in parameter both a timestamp and an
1208 attribute quark. This will return the single state matching this
1209 timestamp/attribute pair.
1211 Other methods are available, you are encouraged to read their Javadoc and see if
1212 they can be potentially useful.
1214 ==== ITmfStateSystemBuilder ====
1216 ITmfStateSystemBuilder is the read-write interface to the state system. It
1217 extends ITmfStateSystem itself, so all its methods are available. It then adds
1218 methods that can be used to write to the state system, either by creating new
1219 attributes of inserting state changes.
1221 It is normally reserved for the state provider and should not be visible to
1222 external components. However it will be available in AbstractTmfStateProvider,
1223 in the field 'ss'. That way you can call ss.modifyAttribute() etc. in your state
1224 provider to write to the state.
1226 The main methods of interest are:
1228 ===== getQuark*AndAdd() =====
1230 getQuarkAbsoluteAndAdd() and getQuarkRelativeAndAdd() work exactly like their
1231 non-AndAdd counterparts in ITmfStateSystem. The difference is that the -AndAdd
1232 versions will not throw any exception: if the requested attribute path does not
1233 exist in the system, it will be created, and its newly-assigned quark will be
1236 When in a state provider, the -AndAdd version should normally be used (unless
1237 you know for sure the attribute already exist and don't want to create it
1238 otherwise). This means that there is no need to define the whole attribute tree
1239 in advance, the attributes will be created on-demand.
1241 ===== modifyAttribute() =====
1243 This is the main state-change-insertion method. As was explained before, a state
1244 change is defined by a timestamp, an attribute and a state value. Those three
1245 elements need to be passed to modifyAttribute as parameters.
1247 Other state change insertion methods are available (increment-, push-, pop- and
1248 removeAttribute()), but those are simply convenience wrappers around
1249 modifyAttribute(). Check their Javadoc for more information.
1251 ===== closeHistory() =====
1253 When the construction phase is done, do not forget to call closeHistory() to
1254 tell the backend that no more intervals will be received. Depending on the
1255 backend type, it might have to save files, close descriptors, etc. This ensures
1256 that a persitent file can then be re-used when the trace is opened again.
1258 If you use the AbstractTmfStateProvider, it will call closeHistory()
1259 automatically when it reaches the end of the trace.
1261 === Other relevant interfaces ===
1263 ==== o.e.l.tmf.core.statevalue.ITmfStateValue ====
1265 This is the interface used to represent state values. Those are used when
1266 inserting state changes in the provider, and is also part of the state intervals
1267 obtained when doing queries.
1269 The abstract TmfStateValue class contains the factory methods to create new
1270 state values of either int, long, double or string types. To retrieve the real
1271 object inside the state value, one can use the .unbox* methods.
1273 Note: Do not instantiate null values manually, use TmfStateValue.nullValue()
1275 ==== o.e.l.tmf.core.interval.ITmfStateInterval ====
1277 This is the interface to represent the state intervals, which are stored in the
1278 state history backend, and are returned when doing state system queries. A very
1279 simple implementation is available in TmfStateInterval. Its methods should be
1284 The following exceptions, found in o.e.l.tmf.core.exceptions, are related to
1285 state system activities.
1287 ==== AttributeNotFoundException ====
1289 This is thrown by getQuarkRelative() and getQuarkAbsolute() (but not byt the
1290 -AndAdd versions!) when passing an attribute path that is not present in the
1291 state system. This is to ensure that no new attribute is created when using
1292 these versions of the methods.
1294 Views can expect some attributes to be present, but they should handle these
1295 exceptions for when the attributes end up not being in the state system (perhaps
1296 this particular trace didn't have a certain type of events, etc.)
1298 ==== StateValueTypeException ====
1300 This exception will be thrown when trying to unbox a state value into a type
1301 different than its own. You should always check with ITmfStateValue#getType()
1302 beforehand if you are not sure about the type of a given state value.
1304 ==== TimeRangeException ====
1306 This exception is thrown when trying to do a query on the state system for a
1307 timestamp that is outside of its range. To be safe, you should check with
1308 ITmfStateSystem#getStartTime() and #getCurrentEndTime() for the current valid
1309 range of the state system. This is especially important when doing queries on
1310 a state system that is currently being built.
1312 ==== StateSystemDisposedException ====
1314 This exception is thrown when trying to access a state system that has been
1315 disposed, with its dispose() method. This can potentially happen at shutdown,
1316 since Eclipse is not always consistent with the order in which the components
1320 == Comparison of state system backends ==
1322 As we have seen in section [[#High-level components]], the state system needs
1323 a storage backend to save the intervals. Different implementations are
1324 available when building your state system from TmfStateSystemFactory.
1326 Do not confuse full/single queries with full/partial history! All backend types
1327 should be able to handle any type of queries defined in the ITmfStateSystem API,
1328 unless noted otherwise.
1330 === Full history ===
1332 Available with TmfStateSystemFactory#newFullHistory(). The full history uses a
1333 History Tree data structure, which is an optimized structure store state
1334 intervals on disk. Once built, it can respond to queries in a ''log(n)'' manner.
1336 You need to specify a file at creation time, which will be the container for
1337 the history tree. Once it's completely built, it will remain on disk (until you
1338 delete the trace from the project). This way it can be reused from one session
1339 to another, which makes subsequent loading time much faster.
1341 This the backend used by the LTTng kernel plugin. It offers good scalability and
1342 performance, even at extreme sizes (it's been tested with traces of sizes up to
1343 500 GB). Its main downside is the amount of disk space required: since every
1344 single interval is written to disk, the size of the history file can quite
1345 easily reach and even surpass the size of the trace itself.
1347 === Null history ===
1349 Available with TmfStateSystemFactory#newNullHistory(). As its name implies the
1350 null history is in fact an absence of state history. All its query methods will
1351 return null (see the Javadoc in NullBackend).
1353 Obviously, no file is required, and almost no memory space is used.
1355 It's meant to be used in cases where you are not interested in past states, but
1356 only in the "ongoing" one. It can also be useful for debugging and benchmarking.
1358 === In-memory history ===
1360 Available with TmfStateSystemFactory#newInMemHistory(). This is a simple wrapper
1361 using a TreeSet to store all state intervals in memory. The implementation at
1362 the moment is quite simple, it will perform a binary search on entries when
1363 doing queries to find the ones that match.
1365 The advantage of this method is that it's very quick to build and query, since
1366 all the information resides in memory. However, you are limited to 2^31 entries
1367 (roughly 2 billions), and depending on your state provider and trace type, that
1368 can happen really fast!
1370 There are no safeguards, so if you bust the limit you will end up with
1371 ArrayOutOfBoundsException's everywhere. If your trace or state history can be
1372 arbitrarily big, it's probably safer to use a Full History instead.
1374 === Partial history ===
1376 Available with TmfStateSystemFactory#newPartialHistory(). The partial history is
1377 a more advanced form of the full history. Instead of writing all state intervals
1378 to disk like with the full history, we only write a small fraction of them, and
1379 go back to read the trace to recreate the states in-between.
1381 It has a big advantage over a full history in terms of disk space usage. It's
1382 very possible to reduce the history tree file size by a factor of 1000, while
1383 keeping query times within a factor of two. Its main downside comes from the
1384 fact that you cannot do efficient single queries with it (they are implemented
1385 by doing full queries underneath).
1387 This makes it a poor choice for views like the Control Flow view, where you do
1388 a lot of range queries and single queries. However, it is a perfect fit for
1389 cases like statistics, where you usually do full queries already, and you store
1390 lots of small states which are very easy to "compress".
1392 However, it can't really be used until bug 409630 is fixed.
1394 == State System Operations ==
1396 TmfStateSystemOperations is a static class that implements additional
1397 statistical operations that can be performed on attributes of the state system.
1399 These operations require that the attribute be one of the numerical values
1400 (int, long or double).
1402 The speed of these operations can be greatly improved for large data sets if
1403 the attribute was inserted in the state system as a mipmap attribute. Refer to
1404 the [[#Mipmap feature | Mipmap feature]] section.
1406 ===== queryRangeMax() =====
1408 This method returns the maximum numerical value of an attribute in the
1409 specified time range. The attribute must be of type int, long or double.
1410 Null values are ignored. The returned value will be of the same state value
1411 type as the base attribute, or a null value if there is no state interval
1412 stored in the given time range.
1414 ===== queryRangeMin() =====
1416 This method returns the minimum numerical value of an attribute in the
1417 specified time range. The attribute must be of type int, long or double.
1418 Null values are ignored. The returned value will be of the same state value
1419 type as the base attribute, or a null value if there is no state interval
1420 stored in the given time range.
1422 ===== queryRangeAverage() =====
1424 This method returns the average numerical value of an attribute in the
1425 specified time range. The attribute must be of type int, long or double.
1426 Each state interval value is weighted according to time. Null values are
1427 counted as zero. The returned value will be a double primitive, which will
1428 be zero if there is no state interval stored in the given time range.
1432 Here is a small example of code that will use the state system. For this
1433 example, let's assume we want to track the state of all the CPUs in a LTTng
1434 kernel trace. To do so, we will watch for the "sched_switch" event in the state
1435 provider, and will update an attribute indicating if the associated CPU should
1436 be set to "running" or "idle".
1438 We will use an attribute tree that looks like this:
1452 The second-level attributes will be named from the information available in the
1453 trace events. Only the "Status" attributes will carry a state value (this means
1454 we could have just used "1", "2", "3",... directly, but we'll do it in a tree
1455 for the example's sake).
1457 Also, we will use integer state values to represent "running" or "idle", instead
1458 of saving the strings that would get repeated every time. This will help in
1459 reducing the size of the history file.
1461 First we will define a state provider in MyStateProvider. Then, assuming we
1462 have already implemented a custom trace type extending CtfTmfTrace, we will add
1463 a section to it to make it build a state system using the provider we defined
1464 earlier. Finally, we will show some example code that can query the state
1465 system, which would normally go in a view or analysis module.
1467 === State Provider ===
1470 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.ctfadaptor.CtfTmfEvent;
1471 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.event.ITmfEvent;
1472 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.exceptions.AttributeNotFoundException;
1473 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.exceptions.StateValueTypeException;
1474 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.exceptions.TimeRangeException;
1475 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.statesystem.AbstractTmfStateProvider;
1476 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.statevalue.ITmfStateValue;
1477 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.statevalue.TmfStateValue;
1478 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.trace.ITmfTrace;
1481 * Example state system provider.
1483 * @author Alexandre Montplaisir
1485 public class MyStateProvider extends AbstractTmfStateProvider {
1487 /** State value representing the idle state */
1488 public static ITmfStateValue IDLE = TmfStateValue.newValueInt(0);
1490 /** State value representing the running state */
1491 public static ITmfStateValue RUNNING = TmfStateValue.newValueInt(1);
1497 * The trace to which this state provider is associated
1499 public MyStateProvider(ITmfTrace trace) {
1500 super(trace, CtfTmfEvent.class, "Example"); //$NON-NLS-1$
1502 * The third parameter here is not important, it's only used to name a
1503 * thread internally.
1508 public int getVersion() {
1510 * If the version of an existing file doesn't match the version supplied
1511 * in the provider, a rebuild of the history will be forced.
1517 public MyStateProvider getNewInstance() {
1518 return new MyStateProvider(getTrace());
1522 protected void eventHandle(ITmfEvent ev) {
1524 * AbstractStateChangeInput should have already checked for the correct
1527 CtfTmfEvent event = (CtfTmfEvent) ev;
1529 final long ts = event.getTimestamp().getValue();
1530 Integer nextTid = ((Long) event.getContent().getField("next_tid").getValue()).intValue();
1534 if (event.getEventName().equals("sched_switch")) {
1535 int quark = ss.getQuarkAbsoluteAndAdd("CPUs", String.valueOf(event.getCPU()), "Status");
1536 ITmfStateValue value;
1542 ss.modifyAttribute(ts, value, quark);
1545 } catch (TimeRangeException e) {
1547 * This should not happen, since the timestamp comes from a trace
1550 throw new IllegalStateException(e);
1551 } catch (AttributeNotFoundException e) {
1553 * This should not happen either, since we're only accessing a quark
1556 throw new IllegalStateException(e);
1557 } catch (StateValueTypeException e) {
1559 * This wouldn't happen here, but could potentially happen if we try
1560 * to insert mismatching state value types in the same attribute.
1562 e.printStackTrace();
1570 === Trace type definition ===
1573 import java.io.File;
1575 import org.eclipse.core.resources.IProject;
1576 import org.eclipse.core.runtime.IStatus;
1577 import org.eclipse.core.runtime.Status;
1578 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.ctfadaptor.CtfTmfTrace;
1579 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.exceptions.TmfTraceException;
1580 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.statesystem.ITmfStateProvider;
1581 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.statesystem.ITmfStateSystem;
1582 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.statesystem.TmfStateSystemFactory;
1583 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.trace.TmfTraceManager;
1586 * Example of a custom trace type using a custom state provider.
1588 * @author Alexandre Montplaisir
1590 public class MyTraceType extends CtfTmfTrace {
1592 /** The file name of the history file */
1593 public final static String HISTORY_FILE_NAME = "mystatefile.ht";
1595 /** ID of the state system we will build */
1596 public static final String STATE_ID = "org.eclipse.linuxtools.lttng2.example";
1599 * Default constructor
1601 public MyTraceType() {
1606 public IStatus validate(final IProject project, final String path) {
1608 * Add additional validation code here, and return a IStatus.ERROR if
1611 return Status.OK_STATUS;
1615 protected void buildStateSystem() throws TmfTraceException {
1616 super.buildStateSystem();
1618 /* Build the custom state system for this trace */
1619 String directory = TmfTraceManager.getSupplementaryFileDir(this);
1620 final File htFile = new File(directory + HISTORY_FILE_NAME);
1621 final ITmfStateProvider htInput = new MyStateProvider(this);
1623 ITmfStateSystem ss = TmfStateSystemFactory.newFullHistory(htFile, htInput, false);
1624 fStateSystems.put(STATE_ID, ss);
1633 import java.util.List;
1635 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.exceptions.AttributeNotFoundException;
1636 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.exceptions.StateSystemDisposedException;
1637 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.exceptions.TimeRangeException;
1638 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.interval.ITmfStateInterval;
1639 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.statesystem.ITmfStateSystem;
1640 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.statevalue.ITmfStateValue;
1641 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.trace.ITmfTrace;
1644 * Class showing examples of state system queries.
1646 * @author Alexandre Montplaisir
1648 public class QueryExample {
1650 private final ITmfStateSystem ss;
1656 * Trace that this "view" will display.
1658 public QueryExample(ITmfTrace trace) {
1659 ss = trace.getStateSystems().get(MyTraceType.STATE_ID);
1663 * Example method of querying one attribute in the state system.
1665 * We pass it a cpu and a timestamp, and it returns us if that cpu was
1666 * executing a process (true/false) at that time.
1671 * The timestamp of the query
1672 * @return True if the CPU was running, false otherwise
1674 public boolean cpuIsRunning(int cpu, long timestamp) {
1676 int quark = ss.getQuarkAbsolute("CPUs", String.valueOf(cpu), "Status");
1677 ITmfStateValue value = ss.querySingleState(timestamp, quark).getStateValue();
1679 if (value.equals(MyStateProvider.RUNNING)) {
1684 * Since at this level we have no guarantee on the contents of the state
1685 * system, it's important to handle these cases correctly.
1687 } catch (AttributeNotFoundException e) {
1689 * Handle the case where the attribute does not exist in the state
1690 * system (no CPU with this number, etc.)
1693 } catch (TimeRangeException e) {
1695 * Handle the case where 'timestamp' is outside of the range of the
1699 } catch (StateSystemDisposedException e) {
1701 * Handle the case where the state system is being disposed. If this
1702 * happens, it's normally when shutting down, so the view can just
1703 * return immediately and wait it out.
1711 * Example method of using a full query.
1713 * We pass it a timestamp, and it returns us how many CPUs were executing a
1714 * process at that moment.
1717 * The target timestamp
1718 * @return The amount of CPUs that were running at that time
1720 public int getNbRunningCpus(long timestamp) {
1724 /* Get the list of the quarks we are interested in. */
1725 List<Integer> quarks = ss.getQuarks("CPUs", "*", "Status");
1728 * Get the full state at our target timestamp (it's better than
1729 * doing an arbitrary number of single queries).
1731 List<ITmfStateInterval> state = ss.queryFullState(timestamp);
1733 /* Look at the value of the state for each quark */
1734 for (Integer quark : quarks) {
1735 ITmfStateValue value = state.get(quark).getStateValue();
1736 if (value.equals(MyStateProvider.RUNNING)) {
1741 } catch (TimeRangeException e) {
1743 * Handle the case where 'timestamp' is outside of the range of the
1747 } catch (StateSystemDisposedException e) {
1748 /* Handle the case where the state system is being disposed. */
1756 == Mipmap feature ==
1758 The mipmap feature allows attributes to be inserted into the state system with
1759 additional computations performed to automatically store sub-attributes that
1760 can later be used for statistical operations. The mipmap has a resolution which
1761 represents the number of state attribute changes that are used to compute the
1762 value at the next mipmap level.
1764 The supported mipmap features are: max, min, and average. Each one of these
1765 features requires that the base attribute be a numerical state value (int, long
1766 or double). An attribute can be mipmapped for one or more of the features at
1769 To use a mipmapped attribute in queries, call the corresponding methods of the
1770 static class [[#State System Operations | TmfStateSystemOperations]].
1772 === AbstractTmfMipmapStateProvider ===
1774 AbstractTmfMipmapStateProvider is an abstract provider class that allows adding
1775 features to a specific attribute into a mipmap tree. It extends AbstractTmfStateProvider.
1777 If a provider wants to add mipmapped attributes to its tree, it must extend
1778 AbstractTmfMipmapStateProvider and call modifyMipmapAttribute() in the event
1779 handler, specifying one or more mipmap features to compute. Then the structure
1780 of the attribute tree will be :
1784 | |- <mipmapFeature> (min/max/avg)
1789 | | |- n (maximum mipmap level)
1790 | |- <mipmapFeature> (min/max/avg)
1795 | | |- n (maximum mipmap level)
1799 = UML2 Sequence Diagram Framework =
1801 The purpose of the UML2 Sequence Diagram Framework of TMF is to provide a framework for generation of UML2 sequence diagrams. It provides
1802 *UML2 Sequence diagram drawing capabilities (i.e. lifelines, messages, activations, object creation and deletion)
1803 *a generic, re-usable Sequence Diagram View
1804 *Eclipse Extension Point for the creation of sequence diagrams
1805 *callback hooks for searching and filtering within the Sequence Diagram View
1807 The following chapters describe the Sequence Diagram Framework as well as a reference implementation and its usage.
1809 == TMF UML2 Sequence Diagram Extensions ==
1811 In the UML2 Sequence Diagram Framework an Eclipse extension point is defined so that other plug-ins can contribute code to create sequence diagram.
1813 '''Identifier''': org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.uml2SDLoader<br>
1814 '''Since''': 1.0<br>
1815 '''Description''': This extension point aims to list and connect any UML2 Sequence Diagram loader.<br>
1816 '''Configuration Markup''':<br>
1819 <!ELEMENT extension (uml2SDLoader)+>
1821 point CDATA #REQUIRED
1827 *point - A fully qualified identifier of the target extension point.
1828 *id - An optional identifier of the extension instance.
1829 *name - An optional name of the extension instance.
1832 <!ELEMENT uml2SDLoader EMPTY>
1833 <!ATTLIST uml2SDLoader
1835 name CDATA #REQUIRED
1836 class CDATA #REQUIRED
1837 view CDATA #REQUIRED
1838 default (true | false)
1841 *id - A unique identifier for this uml2SDLoader. This is not mandatory as long as the id attribute cannot be retrieved by the provider plug-in. The class attribute is the one on which the underlying algorithm relies.
1842 *name - An name of the extension instance.
1843 *class - The implementation of this UML2 SD viewer loader. The class must implement org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.load.IUml2SDLoader.
1844 *view - The view ID of the view that this loader aims to populate. Either org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.SDView itself or a extension of org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.SDView.
1845 *default - Set to true to make this loader the default one for the view; in case of several default loaders, first one coming from extensions list is taken.
1848 == Management of the Extension Point ==
1850 The TMF UI plug-in is responsible for evaluating each contribution to the extension point.
1853 With this extension point, a loader class is associated with a Sequence Diagram View. Multiple loaders can be associated to a single Sequence Diagram View. However, additional means have to be implemented to specify which loader should be used when opening the view. For example, an eclipse action or command could be used for that. This additional code is not necessary if there is only one loader for a given Sequence Diagram View associated and this loader has the attribute "default" set to "true". (see also [[#Using one Sequence Diagram View with Multiple Loaders | Using one Sequence Diagram View with Multiple Loaders]])
1855 == Sequence Diagram View ==
1857 For this extension point a Sequence Diagram View has to be defined as well. The Sequence Diagram View class implementation is provided by the plug-in ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui'' (''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.SDView'') and can be used as is or can also be sub-classed. For that, a view extension has to be added to the ''plugin.xml''.
1859 === Supported Widgets ===
1861 The loader class provides a frame containing all the UML2 widgets to be displayed. The following widgets exist:
1865 *Synchronous Message
1866 *Asynchronous Message
1867 *Synchronous Message Return
1868 *Asynchronous Message Return
1871 For a lifeline, a category can be defined. The lifeline category defines icons, which are displayed in the lifeline header.
1875 The Sequence Diagram View allows the user to zoom in, zoom out and reset the zoom factor.
1879 It is possible to print the whole sequence diagram as well as part of it.
1881 === Key Bindings ===
1883 *SHIFT+ALT+ARROW-DOWN - to scroll down within sequence diagram one view page at a time
1884 *SHIFT+ALT+ARROW-UP - to scroll up within sequence diagram one view page at a time
1885 *SHIFT+ALT+ARROW-RIGHT - to scroll right within sequence diagram one view page at a time
1886 *SHIFT+ALT+ARROW-LEFT - to scroll left within sequence diagram one view page at a time
1887 *SHIFT+ALT+ARROW-HOME - to jump to the beginning of the selected message if not already visible in page
1888 *SHIFT+ALT+ARROW-END - to jump to the end of the selected message if not already visible in page
1889 *CTRL+F - to open find dialog if either the basic or extended find provider is defined (see [[#Using the Find Provider Interface | Using the Find Provider Interface]])
1890 *CTRL+P - to open print dialog
1894 The UML2 Sequence Diagram Framework provides preferences to customize the appearance of the Sequence Diagram View. The color of all widgets and text as well as the fonts of the text of all widget can be adjust. Amongst others the default lifeline width can be alternated. To change preferences select '''Windows->Preferences->Tracing->UML2 Sequence Diagrams'''. The following preference page will show:<br>
1895 [[Image:images/SeqDiagramPref.png]] <br>
1896 After changing the preferences select '''OK'''.
1898 === Callback hooks ===
1900 The Sequence Diagram View provides several callback hooks so that extension can provide application specific functionality. The following interfaces can be provided:
1901 * Basic find provider or extended find Provider<br> For finding within the sequence diagram
1902 * Basic filter provider and extended Filter Provider<br> For filtering within the sequnce diagram.
1903 * Basic paging provider or advanced paging provider<br> For scalability reasons, used to limit number of displayed messages
1904 * Properies provider<br> To provide properties of selected elements
1905 * Collapse provider <br> To collapse areas of the sequence diagram
1909 This tutorial describes how to create a UML2 Sequence Diagram Loader extension and use this loader in the in Eclipse.
1911 === Prerequisites ===
1913 The tutorial is based on Eclipse 4.4 (Eclipse Luna) and TMF 3.0.0.
1915 === Creating an Eclipse UI Plug-in ===
1917 To create a new project with name org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.sample.ui select '''File -> New -> Project -> Plug-in Development -> Plug-in Project'''. <br>
1918 [[Image:images/Screenshot-NewPlug-inProject1.png]]<br>
1920 [[Image:images/Screenshot-NewPlug-inProject2.png]]<br>
1922 [[Image:images/Screenshot-NewPlug-inProject3.png]]<br>
1924 === Creating a Sequence Diagram View ===
1926 To open the plug-in manifest, double-click on the MANIFEST.MF file. <br>
1927 [[Image:images/SelectManifest.png]]<br>
1929 Change to the Dependencies tab and select '''Add...''' of the ''Required Plug-ins'' section. A new dialog box will open. Next find plug-ins ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui'' and ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core'' and then press '''OK'''<br>
1930 [[Image:images/AddDependencyTmfUi.png]]<br>
1932 Change to the Extensions tab and select '''Add...''' of the ''All Extension'' section. A new dialog box will open. Find the view extension ''org.eclipse.ui.views'' and press '''Finish'''.<br>
1933 [[Image:images/AddViewExtension1.png]]<br>
1935 To create a Sequence Diagram View, click the right mouse button. Then select '''New -> view'''<br>
1936 [[Image:images/AddViewExtension2.png]]<br>
1938 A new view entry has been created. Fill in the fields ''id'', ''name'' and ''class''. Note that for ''class'' the SD view implementation (''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.SDView'') of the TMF UI plug-in is used.<br>
1939 [[Image:images/FillSampleSeqDiagram.png]]<br>
1941 The view is prepared. Run the Example. To launch the an Eclipse Application select the ''Overview'' tab and click on '''Launch an Eclipse Application'''<br>
1942 [[Image:images/RunEclipseApplication.png]]<br>
1944 A new Eclipse application window will show. In the new window go to '''Windows -> Show View -> Other... -> Other -> Sample Sequence Diagram'''.<br>
1945 [[Image:images/ShowViewOther.png]]<br>
1947 The Sequence Diagram View will open with an blank page.<br>
1948 [[Image:images/BlankSampleSeqDiagram.png]]<br>
1950 Close the Example Application.
1952 === Defining the uml2SDLoader Extension ===
1954 After defining the Sequence Diagram View it's time to create the ''uml2SDLoader'' Extension. <br>
1956 Before doing that add a dependency to TMF. For that select '''Add...''' of the ''Required Plug-ins'' section. A new dialog box will open. Next find plug-in ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf'' and press '''OK'''<br>
1957 [[Image:images/AddDependencyTmf.png]]<br>
1959 To create the loader extension, change to the Extensions tab and select '''Add...''' of the ''All Extension'' section. A new dialog box will open. Find the extension ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.uml2SDLoader'' and press '''Finish'''.<br>
1960 [[Image:images/AddTmfUml2SDLoader.png]]<br>
1962 A new 'uml2SDLoader'' extension has been created. Fill in fields ''id'', ''name'', ''class'', ''view'' and ''default''. Use ''default'' equal true for this example. For the view add the id of the Sequence Diagram View of chapter [[#Creating a Sequence Diagram View | Creating a Sequence Diagram View]]. <br>
1963 [[Image:images/FillSampleLoader.png]]<br>
1965 Then click on ''class'' (see above) to open the new class dialog box. Fill in the relevant fields and select '''Finish'''. <br>
1966 [[Image:images/NewSampleLoaderClass.png]]<br>
1968 A new Java class will be created which implements the interface ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.load.IUml2SDLoader''.<br>
1971 package org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.sample.ui;
1973 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.SDView;
1974 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.load.IUml2SDLoader;
1976 public class SampleLoader implements IUml2SDLoader {
1978 public SampleLoader() {
1979 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
1983 public void dispose() {
1984 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
1989 public String getTitleString() {
1990 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
1995 public void setViewer(SDView arg0) {
1996 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
2001 === Implementing the Loader Class ===
2003 Next is to implement the methods of the IUml2SDLoader interface method. The following code snippet shows how to create the major sequence diagram elements. Please note that no time information is stored.<br>
2006 package org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.sample.ui;
2008 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.SDView;
2009 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.core.AsyncMessage;
2010 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.core.AsyncMessageReturn;
2011 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.core.ExecutionOccurrence;
2012 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.core.Frame;
2013 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.core.Lifeline;
2014 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.core.Stop;
2015 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.core.SyncMessage;
2016 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.core.SyncMessageReturn;
2017 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.load.IUml2SDLoader;
2019 public class SampleLoader implements IUml2SDLoader {
2021 private SDView fSdView;
2023 public SampleLoader() {
2027 public void dispose() {
2031 public String getTitleString() {
2032 return "Sample Diagram";
2036 public void setViewer(SDView arg0) {
2041 private void createFrame() {
2043 Frame testFrame = new Frame();
2044 testFrame.setName("Sample Frame");
2050 Lifeline lifeLine1 = new Lifeline();
2051 lifeLine1.setName("Object1");
2052 testFrame.addLifeLine(lifeLine1);
2054 Lifeline lifeLine2 = new Lifeline();
2055 lifeLine2.setName("Object2");
2056 testFrame.addLifeLine(lifeLine2);
2060 * Create Sync Message
2062 // Get new occurrence on lifelines
2063 lifeLine1.getNewEventOccurrence();
2065 // Get Sync message instances
2066 SyncMessage start = new SyncMessage();
2067 start.setName("Start");
2068 start.setEndLifeline(lifeLine1);
2069 testFrame.addMessage(start);
2072 * Create Sync Message
2074 // Get new occurrence on lifelines
2075 lifeLine1.getNewEventOccurrence();
2076 lifeLine2.getNewEventOccurrence();
2078 // Get Sync message instances
2079 SyncMessage syn1 = new SyncMessage();
2080 syn1.setName("Sync Message 1");
2081 syn1.setStartLifeline(lifeLine1);
2082 syn1.setEndLifeline(lifeLine2);
2083 testFrame.addMessage(syn1);
2086 * Create corresponding Sync Message Return
2089 // Get new occurrence on lifelines
2090 lifeLine1.getNewEventOccurrence();
2091 lifeLine2.getNewEventOccurrence();
2093 SyncMessageReturn synReturn1 = new SyncMessageReturn();
2094 synReturn1.setName("Sync Message Return 1");
2095 synReturn1.setStartLifeline(lifeLine2);
2096 synReturn1.setEndLifeline(lifeLine1);
2097 synReturn1.setMessage(syn1);
2098 testFrame.addMessage(synReturn1);
2101 * Create Activations (Execution Occurrence)
2103 ExecutionOccurrence occ1 = new ExecutionOccurrence();
2104 occ1.setStartOccurrence(start.getEventOccurrence());
2105 occ1.setEndOccurrence(synReturn1.getEventOccurrence());
2106 lifeLine1.addExecution(occ1);
2107 occ1.setName("Activation 1");
2109 ExecutionOccurrence occ2 = new ExecutionOccurrence();
2110 occ2.setStartOccurrence(syn1.getEventOccurrence());
2111 occ2.setEndOccurrence(synReturn1.getEventOccurrence());
2112 lifeLine2.addExecution(occ2);
2113 occ2.setName("Activation 2");
2116 * Create Sync Message
2118 // Get new occurrence on lifelines
2119 lifeLine1.getNewEventOccurrence();
2120 lifeLine2.getNewEventOccurrence();
2122 // Get Sync message instances
2123 AsyncMessage asyn1 = new AsyncMessage();
2124 asyn1.setName("Async Message 1");
2125 asyn1.setStartLifeline(lifeLine1);
2126 asyn1.setEndLifeline(lifeLine2);
2127 testFrame.addMessage(asyn1);
2130 * Create corresponding Sync Message Return
2133 // Get new occurrence on lifelines
2134 lifeLine1.getNewEventOccurrence();
2135 lifeLine2.getNewEventOccurrence();
2137 AsyncMessageReturn asynReturn1 = new AsyncMessageReturn();
2138 asynReturn1.setName("Async Message Return 1");
2139 asynReturn1.setStartLifeline(lifeLine2);
2140 asynReturn1.setEndLifeline(lifeLine1);
2141 asynReturn1.setMessage(asyn1);
2142 testFrame.addMessage(asynReturn1);
2148 // Get new occurrence on lifelines
2149 lifeLine1.getNewEventOccurrence();
2151 EllipsisMessage info = new EllipsisMessage();
2152 info.setName("Object deletion");
2153 info.setStartLifeline(lifeLine2);
2154 testFrame.addNode(info);
2159 Stop stop = new Stop();
2160 stop.setLifeline(lifeLine2);
2161 stop.setEventOccurrence(lifeLine2.getNewEventOccurrence());
2162 lifeLine2.addNode(stop);
2164 fSdView.setFrame(testFrame);
2169 Now it's time to run the example application. To launch the Example Application select the ''Overview'' tab and click on '''Launch an Eclipse Application'''<br>
2170 [[Image:images/SampleDiagram1.png]] <br>
2172 === Adding time information ===
2174 To add time information in sequence diagram the timestamp has to be set for each message. The sequence diagram framework uses the ''TmfTimestamp'' class of plug-in ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core''. Use ''setTime()'' on each message ''SyncMessage'' since start and end time are the same. For each ''AsyncMessage'' set start and end time separately by using methods ''setStartTime'' and ''setEndTime''. For example: <br>
2177 private void createFrame() {
2179 start.setTime(new TmfTimestamp(1000, -3));
2180 syn1.setTime(new TmfTimestamp(1005, -3));
2181 synReturn1.setTime(new TmfTimestamp(1050, -3));
2182 asyn1.setStartTime(new TmfTimestamp(1060, -3));
2183 asyn1.setEndTime(new TmfTimestamp(1070, -3));
2184 asynReturn1.setStartTime(new TmfTimestamp(1060, -3));
2185 asynReturn1.setEndTime(new TmfTimestamp(1070, -3));
2190 When running the example application, a time compression bar on the left appears which indicates the time elapsed between consecutive events. The time compression scale shows where the time falls between the minimum and maximum delta times. The intensity of the color is used to indicate the length of time, namely, the deeper the intensity, the higher the delta time. The minimum and maximum delta times are configurable through the collbar menu ''Configure Min Max''. The time compression bar and scale may provide an indication about which events consumes the most time. By hovering over the time compression bar a tooltip appears containing more information. <br>
2192 [[Image:images/SampleDiagramTimeComp.png]] <br>
2194 By hovering over a message it will show the time information in the appearing tooltip. For each ''SyncMessage'' it shows its time occurrence and for each ''AsyncMessage'' it shows the start and end time.
2196 [[Image:images/SampleDiagramSyncMessage.png]] <br>
2197 [[Image:images/SampleDiagramAsyncMessage.png]] <br>
2199 To see the time elapsed between 2 messages, select one message and hover over a second message. A tooltip will show with the delta in time. Note if the second message is before the first then a negative delta is displayed. Note that for ''AsyncMessage'' the end time is used for the delta calculation.<br>
2200 [[Image:images/SampleDiagramMessageDelta.png]] <br>
2202 === Default Coolbar and Menu Items ===
2204 The Sequence Diagram View comes with default coolbar and menu items. By default, each sequence diagram shows the following actions:
2209 * Configure Min Max (drop-down menu only)
2210 * Navigation -> Show the node end (drop-down menu only)
2211 * Navigation -> Show the node start (drop-down menu only)
2213 [[Image:images/DefaultCoolbarMenu.png]]<br>
2215 === Implementing Optional Callbacks ===
2217 The following chapters describe how to use all supported provider interfaces.
2219 ==== Using the Paging Provider Interface ====
2221 For scalability reasons, the paging provider interfaces exists to limit the number of messages displayed in the Sequence Diagram View at a time. For that, two interfaces exist, the basic paging provider and the advanced paging provider. When using the basic paging interface, actions for traversing page by page through the sequence diagram of a trace will be provided.
2223 To use the basic paging provider, first the interface methods of the ''ISDPagingProvider'' have to be implemented by a class. (i.e. ''hasNextPage()'', ''hasPrevPage()'', ''nextPage()'', ''prevPage()'', ''firstPage()'' and ''endPage()''. Typically, this is implemented in the loader class. Secondly, the provider has to be set in the Sequence Diagram View. This will be done in the ''setViewer()'' method of the loader class. Lastly, the paging provider has to be removed from the view, when the ''dispose()'' method of the loader class is called.
2226 public class SampleLoader implements IUml2SDLoader, ISDPagingProvider {
2231 public void dispose() {
2232 if (fSdView != null) {
2233 fSdView.resetProviders();
2238 public void setViewer(SDView arg0) {
2240 fSdView.setSDPagingProvider(this);
2244 private void createSecondFrame() {
2245 Frame testFrame = new Frame();
2246 testFrame.setName("SecondFrame");
2247 Lifeline lifeline = new Lifeline();
2248 lifeline.setName("LifeLine 0");
2249 testFrame.addLifeLine(lifeline);
2250 lifeline = new Lifeline();
2251 lifeline.setName("LifeLine 1");
2252 testFrame.addLifeLine(lifeline);
2253 for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
2254 SyncMessage message = new SyncMessage();
2255 message.autoSetStartLifeline(testFrame.getLifeline(0));
2256 message.autoSetEndLifeline(testFrame.getLifeline(0));
2257 message.setName((new StringBuilder("Message ")).append(i).toString());
2258 testFrame.addMessage(message);
2260 SyncMessageReturn messageReturn = new SyncMessageReturn();
2261 messageReturn.autoSetStartLifeline(testFrame.getLifeline(0));
2262 messageReturn.autoSetEndLifeline(testFrame.getLifeline(0));
2264 testFrame.addMessage(messageReturn);
2265 messageReturn.setName((new StringBuilder("Message return ")).append(i).toString());
2266 ExecutionOccurrence occ = new ExecutionOccurrence();
2267 occ.setStartOccurrence(testFrame.getSyncMessage(i - 1).getEventOccurrence());
2268 occ.setEndOccurrence(testFrame.getSyncMessageReturn(i - 1).getEventOccurrence());
2269 testFrame.getLifeline(0).addExecution(occ);
2271 fSdView.setFrame(testFrame);
2275 public boolean hasNextPage() {
2280 public boolean hasPrevPage() {
2285 public void nextPage() {
2287 createSecondFrame();
2291 public void prevPage() {
2297 public void firstPage() {
2303 public void lastPage() {
2305 createSecondFrame();
2312 When running the example application, new actions will be shown in the coolbar and the coolbar menu. <br>
2314 [[Image:images/PageProviderAdded.png]]
2317 To use the advanced paging provider, the interface ''ISDAdvancePagingProvider'' has to be implemented. It extends the basic paging provider. The methods ''currentPage()'', ''pagesCount()'' and ''pageNumberChanged()'' have to be added.
2320 ==== Using the Find Provider Interface ====
2322 For finding nodes in a sequence diagram two interfaces exists. One for basic finding and one for extended finding. The basic find comes with a dialog box for entering find criteria as regular expressions. This find criteria can be used to execute the find. Find criteria a persisted in the Eclipse workspace.
2324 For the extended find provider interface a ''org.eclipse.jface.action.Action'' class has to be provided. The actual find handling has to be implemented and triggered by the action.
2326 Only on at a time can be active. If the extended find provder is defined it obsoletes the basic find provider.
2328 To use the basic find provider, first the interface methods of the ''ISDFindProvider'' have to be implemented by a class. Typically, this is implemented in the loader class. Add the ISDFindProvider to the list of implemented interfaces, implement the methods ''find()'' and ''cancel()'' and set the provider in the ''setViewer()'' method as well as remove the provider in the ''dispose()'' method of the loader class. Please note that the ''ISDFindProvider'' extends the interface ''ISDGraphNodeSupporter'' which methods (''isNodeSupported()'' and ''getNodeName()'') have to be implemented, too. The following shows an example implementation. Please note that only search for lifelines and SynchMessage are supported. The find itself will always find only the first occurrence the pattern to match.
2331 public class SampleLoader implements IUml2SDLoader, ISDPagingProvider, ISDFindProvider {
2335 public void dispose() {
2336 if (fSdView != null) {
2337 fSdView.resetProviders();
2342 public void setViewer(SDView arg0) {
2344 fSdView.setSDPagingProvider(this);
2345 fSdView.setSDFindProvider(this);
2350 public boolean isNodeSupported(int nodeType) {
2352 case ISDGraphNodeSupporter.LIFELINE:
2353 case ISDGraphNodeSupporter.SYNCMESSAGE:
2363 public String getNodeName(int nodeType, String loaderClassName) {
2365 case ISDGraphNodeSupporter.LIFELINE:
2367 case ISDGraphNodeSupporter.SYNCMESSAGE:
2368 return "Sync Message";
2374 public boolean find(Criteria criteria) {
2375 Frame frame = fSdView.getFrame();
2376 if (criteria.isLifeLineSelected()) {
2377 for (int i = 0; i < frame.lifeLinesCount(); i++) {
2378 if (criteria.matches(frame.getLifeline(i).getName())) {
2379 fSdView.getSDWidget().moveTo(frame.getLifeline(i));
2384 if (criteria.isSyncMessageSelected()) {
2385 for (int i = 0; i < frame.syncMessageCount(); i++) {
2386 if (criteria.matches(frame.getSyncMessage(i).getName())) {
2387 fSdView.getSDWidget().moveTo(frame.getSyncMessage(i));
2396 public void cancel() {
2397 // reset find parameters
2403 When running the example application, the find action will be shown in the coolbar and the coolbar menu. <br>
2404 [[Image:images/FindProviderAdded.png]]
2406 To find a sequence diagram node press on the find button of the coolbar (see above). A new dialog box will open. Enter a regular expression in the ''Matching String'' text box, select the node types (e.g. Sync Message) and press '''Find'''. If found the corresponding node will be selected. If not found the dialog box will indicate not found. <br>
2407 [[Image:images/FindDialog.png]]<br>
2409 Note that the find dialog will be opened by typing the key shortcut CRTL+F.
2411 ==== Using the Filter Provider Interface ====
2413 For filtering of sequence diagram elements two interfaces exist. One basic for filtering and one for extended filtering. The basic filtering comes with two dialog for entering filter criteria as regular expressions and one for selecting the filter to be used. Multiple filters can be active at a time. Filter criteria are persisted in the Eclipse workspace.
2415 To use the basic filter provider, first the interface method of the ''ISDFilterProvider'' has to be implemented by a class. Typically, this is implemented in the loader class. Add the ''ISDFilterProvider'' to the list of implemented interfaces, implement the method ''filter()''and set the provider in the ''setViewer()'' method as well as remove the provider in the ''dispose()'' method of the loader class. Please note that the ''ISDFindProvider'' extends the interface ''ISDGraphNodeSupporter'' which methods (''isNodeSupported()'' and ''getNodeName()'') have to be implemented, too. <br>
2416 Note that no example implementation of ''filter()'' is provided.
2420 public class SampleLoader implements IUml2SDLoader, ISDPagingProvider, ISDFindProvider, ISDFilterProvider {
2424 public void dispose() {
2425 if (fSdView != null) {
2426 fSdView.resetProviders();
2431 public void setViewer(SDView arg0) {
2433 fSdView.setSDPagingProvider(this);
2434 fSdView.setSDFindProvider(this);
2435 fSdView.setSDFilterProvider(this);
2440 public boolean filter(List<?> list) {
2447 When running the example application, the filter action will be shown in the coolbar menu. <br>
2448 [[Image:images/HidePatternsMenuItem.png]]
2450 To filter select the '''Hide Patterns...''' of the coolbar menu. A new dialog box will open. <br>
2451 [[Image:images/DialogHidePatterns.png]]
2453 To Add a new filter press '''Add...'''. A new dialog box will open. Enter a regular expression in the ''Matching String'' text box, select the node types (e.g. Sync Message) and press '''Create''''. <br>
2454 [[Image:images/DialogHidePatterns.png]] <br>
2456 Now back at the Hide Pattern dialog. Select one or more filter and select '''OK'''.
2458 To use the extended filter provider, the interface ''ISDExtendedFilterProvider'' has to be implemented. It will provide a ''org.eclipse.jface.action.Action'' class containing the actual filter handling and filter algorithm.
2460 ==== Using the Extended Action Bar Provider Interface ====
2462 The extended action bar provider can be used to add customized actions to the Sequence Diagram View.
2463 To use the extended action bar provider, first the interface method of the interface ''ISDExtendedActionBarProvider'' has to be implemented by a class. Typically, this is implemented in the loader class. Add the ''ISDExtendedActionBarProvider'' to the list of implemented interfaces, implement the method ''supplementCoolbarContent()'' and set the provider in the ''setViewer()'' method as well as remove the provider in the ''dispose()'' method of the loader class. <br>
2466 public class SampleLoader implements IUml2SDLoader, ISDPagingProvider, ISDFindProvider, ISDFilterProvider, ISDExtendedActionBarProvider {
2470 public void dispose() {
2471 if (fSdView != null) {
2472 fSdView.resetProviders();
2477 public void setViewer(SDView arg0) {
2479 fSdView.setSDPagingProvider(this);
2480 fSdView.setSDFindProvider(this);
2481 fSdView.setSDFilterProvider(this);
2482 fSdView.setSDExtendedActionBarProvider(this);
2487 public void supplementCoolbarContent(IActionBars iactionbars) {
2488 Action action = new Action("Refresh") {
2491 System.out.println("Refreshing...");
2494 iactionbars.getMenuManager().add(action);
2495 iactionbars.getToolBarManager().add(action);
2501 When running the example application, all new actions will be added to the coolbar and coolbar menu according to the implementation of ''supplementCoolbarContent()''<br>.
2502 For the example above the coolbar and coolbar menu will look as follows.
2504 [[Image:images/SupplCoolbar.png]]
2506 ==== Using the Properties Provider Interface====
2508 This interface can be used to provide property information. A property provider which returns an ''IPropertyPageSheet'' (see ''org.eclipse.ui.views'') has to be implemented and set in the Sequence Diagram View. <br>
2510 To use the property provider, first the interface method of the ''ISDPropertiesProvider'' has to be implemented by a class. Typically, this is implemented in the loader class. Add the ''ISDPropertiesProvider'' to the list of implemented interfaces, implement the method ''getPropertySheetEntry()'' and set the provider in the ''setViewer()'' method as well as remove the provider in the ''dispose()'' method of the loader class. Please note that no example is provided here.
2512 Please refer to the following Eclipse articles for more information about properties and tabed properties.
2513 *[http://www.eclipse.org/articles/Article-Properties-View/properties-view.html | Take control of your properties]
2514 *[http://www.eclipse.org/articles/Article-Tabbed-Properties/tabbed_properties_view.html | The Eclipse Tabbed Properties View]
2516 ==== Using the Collapse Provider Interface ====
2518 This interface can be used to define a provider which responsibility is to collapse two selected lifelines. This can be used to hide a pair of lifelines.
2520 To use the collapse provider, first the interface method of the ''ISDCollapseProvider'' has to be implemented by a class. Typically, this is implemented in the loader class. Add the ISDCollapseProvider to the list of implemented interfaces, implement the method ''collapseTwoLifelines()'' and set the provider in the ''setViewer()'' method as well as remove the provider in the ''dispose()'' method of the loader class. Please note that no example is provided here.
2522 ==== Using the Selection Provider Service ====
2524 The Sequence Diagram View comes with a build in selection provider service. To this service listeners can be added. To use the selection provider service, the interface ''ISelectionListener'' of plug-in ''org.eclipse.ui'' has to implemented. Typically this is implemented in loader class. Firstly, add the ''ISelectionListener'' interface to the list of implemented interfaces, implement the method ''selectionChanged()'' and set the listener in method ''setViewer()'' as well as remove the listener in the ''dispose()'' method of the loader class.
2527 public class SampleLoader implements IUml2SDLoader, ISDPagingProvider, ISDFindProvider, ISDFilterProvider, ISDExtendedActionBarProvider, ISelectionListener {
2531 public void dispose() {
2532 if (fSdView != null) {
2533 PlatformUI.getWorkbench().getActiveWorkbenchWindow().getSelectionService().removePostSelectionListener(this);
2534 fSdView.resetProviders();
2539 public String getTitleString() {
2540 return "Sample Diagram";
2544 public void setViewer(SDView arg0) {
2546 PlatformUI.getWorkbench().getActiveWorkbenchWindow().getSelectionService().addPostSelectionListener(this);
2547 fSdView.setSDPagingProvider(this);
2548 fSdView.setSDFindProvider(this);
2549 fSdView.setSDFilterProvider(this);
2550 fSdView.setSDExtendedActionBarProvider(this);
2556 public void selectionChanged(IWorkbenchPart part, ISelection selection) {
2557 ISelection sel = PlatformUI.getWorkbench().getActiveWorkbenchWindow().getSelectionService().getSelection();
2558 if (sel != null && (sel instanceof StructuredSelection)) {
2559 StructuredSelection stSel = (StructuredSelection) sel;
2560 if (stSel.getFirstElement() instanceof BaseMessage) {
2561 BaseMessage syncMsg = ((BaseMessage) stSel.getFirstElement());
2562 System.out.println("Message '" + syncMsg.getName() + "' selected.");
2571 === Printing a Sequence Diagram ===
2573 To print a the whole sequence diagram or only parts of it, select the Sequence Diagram View and select '''File -> Print...''' or type the key combination ''CTRL+P''. A new print dialog will open. <br>
2575 [[Image:images/PrintDialog.png]] <br>
2577 Fill in all the relevant information, select '''Printer...''' to choose the printer and the press '''OK'''.
2579 === Using one Sequence Diagram View with Multiple Loaders ===
2581 A Sequence Diagram View definition can be used with multiple sequence diagram loaders. However, the active loader to be used when opening the view has to be set. For this define an Eclipse action or command and assign the current loader to the view. Here is a code snippet for that:
2584 public class OpenSDView extends AbstractHandler {
2586 public Object execute(ExecutionEvent event) throws ExecutionException {
2588 IWorkbenchPage persp = TmfUiPlugin.getDefault().getWorkbench().getActiveWorkbenchWindow().getActivePage();
2589 SDView view = (SDView) persp.showView("org.eclipse.linuxtools.ust.examples.ui.componentinteraction");
2590 LoadersManager.getLoadersManager().createLoader("org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.impl.TmfUml2SDSyncLoader", view);
2591 } catch (PartInitException e) {
2592 throw new ExecutionException("PartInitException caught: ", e);
2599 === Downloading the Tutorial ===
2601 Use the following link to download the source code of the tutorial [http://wiki.eclipse.org/images/e/e6/SamplePlugin.zip Plug-in of Tutorial].
2603 == Integration of Tracing and Monitoring Framework with Sequence Diagram Framework ==
2605 In the previous sections the Sequence Diagram Framework has been described and a tutorial was provided. In the following sections the integration of the Sequence Diagram Framework with other features of TMF will be described. Together it is a powerful framework to analyze and visualize content of traces. The integration is explained using the reference implementation of a UML2 sequence diagram loader which part of the TMF UI delivery. The reference implementation can be used as is, can be sub-classed or simply be an example for other sequence diagram loaders to be implemented.
2607 === Reference Implementation ===
2609 A Sequence Diagram View Extension is defined in the plug-in TMF UI as well as a uml2SDLoader Extension with the reference loader.
2611 [[Image:images/ReferenceExtensions.png]]
2613 === Used Sequence Diagram Features ===
2615 Besides the default features of the Sequence Diagram Framework, the reference implementation uses the following additional features:
2621 ==== Advanced paging ====
2623 The reference loader implements the interface ''ISDAdvancedPagingProvider'' interface. Please refer to section [[#Using the Paging Provider Interface | Using the Paging Provider Interface]] for more details about the advanced paging feature.
2625 ==== Basic finding ====
2627 The reference loader implements the interface ''ISDFindProvider'' interface. The user can search for ''Lifelines'' and ''Interactions''. The find is done across pages. If the expression to match is not on the current page a new thread is started to search on other pages. If expression is found the corresponding page is shown as well as the searched item is displayed. If not found then a message is displayed in the ''Progress View'' of Eclipse. Please refer to section [[#Using the Find Provider Interface | Using the Find Provider Interface]] for more details about the basic find feature.
2629 ==== Basic filtering ====
2631 The reference loader implements the interface ''ISDFilterProvider'' interface. The user can filter on ''Lifelines'' and ''Interactions''. Please refer to section [[#Using the Filter Provider Interface | Using the Filter Provider Interface]] for more details about the basic filter feature.
2633 ==== Selection Service ====
2635 The reference loader implements the interface ''ISelectionListener'' interface. When an interaction is selected a ''TmfTimeSynchSignal'' is broadcast (see [[#TMF Signal Framework | TMF Signal Framework]]). Please also refer to section [[#Using the Selection Provider Service | Using the Selection Provider Service]] for more details about the selection service and .
2637 === Used TMF Features ===
2639 The reference implementation uses the following features of TMF:
2640 *TMF Experiment and Trace for accessing traces
2641 *Event Request Framework to request TMF events from the experiment and respective traces
2642 *Signal Framework for broadcasting and receiving TMF signals for synchronization purposes
2644 ==== TMF Experiment and Trace for accessing traces ====
2646 The reference loader uses TMF Experiments to access traces and to request data from the traces.
2648 ==== TMF Event Request Framework ====
2650 The reference loader use the TMF Event Request Framework to request events from the experiment and its traces.
2652 When opening a traces (which is triggered by signal ''TmfExperimentSelected'') or when opening the Sequence Diagram View after a trace had been opened previously, a TMF background request is initiated to index the trace and to fill in the first page of the sequence diagram. The purpose of the indexing is to store time ranges for pages with 10000 messages per page. This allows quickly to move to certain pages in a trace without having to re-parse from the beginning. The request is called indexing request.
2654 When switching pages, the a TMF foreground event request is initiated to retrieve the corresponding events from the experiment. It uses the time range stored in the index for the respective page.
2656 A third type of event request is issued for finding specific data across pages.
2658 ==== TMF Signal Framework ====
2660 The reference loader extends the class ''TmfComponent''. By doing that the loader is registered as a TMF signal handler for sending and receiving TMF signals. The loader implements signal handlers for the following TMF signals:
2661 *''TmfTraceSelectedSignal''
2662 This signal indicates that a trace or experiment was selected. When receiving this signal the indexing request is initiated and the first page is displayed after receiving the relevant information.
2663 *''TmfTraceClosedSignal''
2664 This signal indicates that a trace or experiment was closed. When receiving this signal the loader resets its data and a blank page is loaded in the Sequence Diagram View.
2665 *''TmfTimeSynchSignal''
2666 This signal is used to indicate that a new time or time range has been selected. It contains a begin and end time. If a single time is selected then the begin and end time are the same. When receiving this signal the corresponding message matching the begin time is selected in the Sequence Diagram View. If necessary, the page is changed.
2667 *''TmfRangeSynchSignal''
2668 This signal indicates that a new time range is in focus. When receiving this signal the loader loads the page which corresponds to the start time of the time range signal. The message with the start time will be in focus.
2670 Besides acting on receiving signals, the reference loader is also sending signals. A ''TmfTimeSynchSignal'' is broadcasted with the timestamp of the message which was selected in the Sequence Diagram View. ''TmfRangeSynchSignal'' is sent when a page is changed in the Sequence Diagram View. The start timestamp of the time range sent is the timestamp of the first message. The end timestamp sent is the timestamp of the first message plus the current time range window. The current time range window is the time window that was indicated in the last received ''TmfRangeSynchSignal''.
2672 === Supported Traces ===
2674 The reference implementation is able to analyze traces from a single component that traces the interaction with other components. For example, a server node could have trace information about its interaction with client nodes. The server node could be traced and then analyzed using TMF and the Sequence Diagram Framework of TMF could used to visualize the interactions with the client nodes.<br>
2676 Note that combined traces of multiple components, that contain the trace information about the same interactions are not supported in the reference implementation!
2678 === Trace Format ===
2680 The reference implementation in class ''TmfUml2SDSyncLoader'' in package ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.views.uml2sd.impl'' analyzes events from type ''ITmfEvent'' and creates events type ''ITmfSyncSequenceDiagramEvent'' if the ''ITmfEvent'' contains all relevant information information. The parsing algorithm looks like as follows:
2684 * @param tmfEvent Event to parse for sequence diagram event details
2685 * @return sequence diagram event if details are available else null
2687 protected ITmfSyncSequenceDiagramEvent getSequenceDiagramEvent(ITmfEvent tmfEvent){
2688 //type = .*RECEIVE.* or .*SEND.*
2689 //content = sender:<sender name>:receiver:<receiver name>,signal:<signal name>
2690 String eventType = tmfEvent.getType().toString();
2691 if (eventType.contains(Messages.TmfUml2SDSyncLoader_EventTypeSend) || eventType.contains(Messages.TmfUml2SDSyncLoader_EventTypeReceive)) {
2692 Object sender = tmfEvent.getContent().getField(Messages.TmfUml2SDSyncLoader_FieldSender);
2693 Object receiver = tmfEvent.getContent().getField(Messages.TmfUml2SDSyncLoader_FieldReceiver);
2694 Object name = tmfEvent.getContent().getField(Messages.TmfUml2SDSyncLoader_FieldSignal);
2695 if ((sender instanceof ITmfEventField) && (receiver instanceof ITmfEventField) && (name instanceof ITmfEventField)) {
2696 ITmfSyncSequenceDiagramEvent sdEvent = new TmfSyncSequenceDiagramEvent(tmfEvent,
2697 ((ITmfEventField) sender).getValue().toString(),
2698 ((ITmfEventField) receiver).getValue().toString(),
2699 ((ITmfEventField) name).getValue().toString());
2708 The analysis looks for event type Strings containing ''SEND'' and ''RECEIVE''. If event type matches these key words, the analyzer will look for strings ''sender'', ''receiver'' and ''signal'' in the event fields of type ''ITmfEventField''. If all the data is found a sequence diagram event can be created using this information. Note that Sync Messages are assumed, which means start and end time are the same.
2710 === How to use the Reference Implementation ===
2712 An example CTF (Common Trace Format) trace is provided that contains trace events with sequence diagram information. To download the reference trace, use the following link: [https://wiki.eclipse.org/images/3/35/ReferenceTrace.zip Reference Trace].
2714 Run an Eclipse application with TMF 3.0 or later installed. To open the Reference Sequence Diagram View, select '''Windows -> Show View -> Other... -> TMF -> Sequence Diagram''' <br>
2715 [[Image:images/ShowTmfSDView.png]]<br>
2717 A blank Sequence Diagram View will open.
2719 Then import the reference trace to the '''Project Explorer''' using the '''Import Trace Package...''' menu option.<br>
2720 [[Image:images/ImportTracePackage.png]]
2722 Next, open the trace by double-clicking on the trace element in the '''Project Explorer'''. The trace will be opened and the Sequence Diagram view will be filled.
2723 [[Image:images/ReferenceSeqDiagram.png]]<br>
2725 Now the reference implementation can be explored. To demonstrate the view features try the following things:
2726 *Select a message in the Sequence diagram. As result the corresponding event will be selected in the Events View.
2727 *Select an event in the Events View. As result the corresponding message in the Sequence Diagram View will be selected. If necessary, the page will be changed.
2728 *In the Events View, press key ''End''. As result, the Sequence Diagram view will jump to the last page.
2729 *In the Events View, press key ''Home''. As result, the Sequence Diagram view will jump to the first page.
2730 *In the Sequence Diagram View select the find button. Enter the expression '''REGISTER.*''', select '''Search for Interaction''' and press '''Find'''. As result the corresponding message will be selected in the Sequence Diagram and the corresponding event in the Events View will be selected. Select again '''Find''' the next occurrence of will be selected. Since the second occurrence is on a different page than the first, the corresponding page will be loaded.
2731 * In the Sequence Diagram View, select menu item '''Hide Patterns...'''. Add the filter '''BALL.*''' for '''Interaction''' only and select '''OK'''. As result all messages with name ''BALL_REQUEST'' and ''BALL_REPLY'' will be hidden. To remove the filter, select menu item '''Hide Patterns...''', deselect the corresponding filter and press '''OK'''. All the messages will be shown again.<br>
2733 === Extending the Reference Loader ===
2735 In some case it might be necessary to change the implementation of the analysis of each ''TmfEvent'' for the generation of ''Sequence Diagram Events''. For that just extend the class ''TmfUml2SDSyncLoader'' and overwrite the method ''protected ITmfSyncSequenceDiagramEvent getSequnceDiagramEvent(TmfEvent tmfEvent)'' with your own implementation.
2740 CTF is a format used to store traces. It is self defining, binary and made to be easy to write to.
2741 Before going further, the full specification of the CTF file format can be found at http://www.efficios.com/ .
2743 For the purpose of the reader some basic description will be given. A CTF trace typically is made of several files all in the same folder.
2745 These files can be split into two types :
2750 The metadata is either raw text or packetized text. It is tsdl encoded. it contains a description of the type of data in the event streams. It can grow over time if new events are added to a trace but it will never overwrite what is already there.
2752 === Event Streams ===
2753 The event streams are a file per stream per cpu. These streams are binary and packet based. The streams store events and event information (ie lost events) The event data is stored in headers and field payloads.
2755 So if you have two streams (channels) "channel1" and "channel2" and 4 cores, you will have the following files in your trace directory: "channel1_0" , "channel1_1" , "channel1_2" , "channel1_3" , "channel2_0" , "channel2_1" , "channel2_2" & "channel2_3"
2757 == Reading a trace ==
2758 In order to read a CTF trace, two steps must be done.
2759 * The metadata must be read to know how to read the events.
2760 * the events must be read.
2762 The metadata is a written in a subset of the C language called TSDL. To read it, first it is depacketized (if it is not in plain text) then the raw text is parsed by an antlr grammer. The parsing is done in two phases. There is a lexer (CTFLexer.g) which separated the metatdata text into tokens. The tokens are then pattern matched using the parser (CTFParser.g) to form an AST. This AST is walked through using "IOStructGen.java" to populate streams and traces in trace parent object.
2764 When the metadata is loaded and read, the trace object will be populated with 3 items:
2765 * the event definitions available per stream: a definition is a description of the datatype.
2766 * the event declarations available per stream: this will save declaration creation on a per event basis. They will all be created in advance, just not populated.
2767 * the beginning of a packet index.
2769 Now all the trace readers for the event streams have everything they need to read a trace. They will each point to one file, and read the file from packet to packet. Everytime the trace reader changes packet, the index is updated with the new packet's information. The readers are in a priority queue and sorted by timestamp. This ensures that the events are read in a sequential order. They are also sorted by file name so that in the eventuality that two events occur at the same time, they stay in the same order.
2771 == Seeking in a trace ==
2772 The reason for maintaining an index is to speed up seeks. In the case that a user wishes to seek to a certain timestamp, they just have to find the index entry that contains the timestamp, and go there to iterate in that packet until the proper event is found. this will reduce the searches time by an order of 8000 for a 256k paket size (kernel default).
2774 == Interfacing to TMF ==
2775 The trace can be read easily now but the data is still awkward to extract.
2778 A location in a given trace, it is currently the timestamp of a trace and the index of the event. The index shows for a given timestamp if it is the first second or nth element.
2781 The CtfTmfTrace is a wrapper for the standard CTF trace that allows it to perform the following actions:
2782 * '''initTrace()''' create a trace
2783 * '''validateTrace()''' is the trace a CTF trace?
2784 * '''getLocationRatio()''' how far in the trace is my location?
2785 * '''seekEvent()''' sets the cursor to a certain point in a trace.
2786 * '''readNextEvent()''' reads the next event and then advances the cursor
2787 * '''getTraceProperties()''' gets the 'env' structures of the metadata
2790 The CtfIterator is a wrapper to the CTF file reader. It behaves like an iterator on a trace. However, it contains a file pointer and thus cannot be duplicated too often or the system will run out of file handles. To alleviate the situation, a pool of iterators is created at the very beginning and stored in the CtfTmfTrace. They can be retried by calling the GetIterator() method.
2792 === CtfIteratorManager ===
2793 Since each CtfIterator will have a file reader, the OS will run out of handles if too many iterators are spawned. The solution is to use the iterator manager. This will allow the user to get an iterator. If there is a context at the requested position, the manager will return that one, if not, a context will be selected at random and set to the correct location. Using random replacement minimizes contention as it will settle quickly at a new balance point.
2795 === CtfTmfContext ===
2796 The CtfTmfContext implements the ITmfContext type. It is the CTF equivalent of TmfContext. It has a CtfLocation and points to an iterator in the CtfTmfTrace iterator pool as well as the parent trace. it is made to be cloned easily and not affect system resources much. Contexts behave much like C file pointers (FILE*) but they can be copied until one runs out of RAM.
2798 === CtfTmfTimestamp ===
2799 The CtfTmfTimestamp take a CTF time (normally a long int) and outputs the time formats it as a TmfTimestamp, allowing it to be compared to other timestamps. The time is stored with the UTC offset already applied. It also features a simple toString() function that allows it to output the time in more Human readable ways: "yyyy/mm/dd/hh:mm:ss.nnnnnnnnn ns" for example. An additional feature is the getDelta() function that allows two timestamps to be substracted, showing the time difference between A and B.
2802 The CtfTmfEvent is an ITmfEvent that is used to wrap event declarations and event definitions from the CTF side into easier to read and parse chunks of information. It is a final class with final fields made to be newed very often without incurring performance costs. Most of the information is already available. It should be noted that one type of event can appear called "lost event" these are synthetic events that do not exist in the trace. They will not appear in other trace readers such as babeltrace.
2805 There are other helper files that format given events for views, they are simpler and the architecture does not depend on them.
2808 For the moment live trace reading is not supported, there are no sources of traces to test on.
2810 = Event matching and trace synchronization =
2812 Event matching consists in taking an event from a trace and linking it to another event in a possibly different trace. The example that comes to mind is matching network packets sent from one traced machine to another traced machine. These matches can be used to synchronize traces.
2814 Trace synchronization consists in taking traces, taken on different machines, with a different time reference, and finding the formula to transform the timestamps of some of the traces, so that they all have the same time reference.
2816 == Event matching interfaces ==
2818 Here's a description of the major parts involved in event matching. These classes are all in the ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.event.matching'' package:
2820 * '''ITmfEventMatching''': Controls the event matching process
2821 * '''ITmfMatchEventDefinition''': Describes how events are matched
2822 * '''IMatchProcessingUnit''': Processes the matched events
2824 == Implementation details and how to extend it ==
2826 === ITmfEventMatching interface and derived classes ===
2828 This interface and its default abstract implementation '''TmfEventMatching''' control the event matching itself. Their only public method is ''matchEvents''. The class needs to manage how to setup the traces, and any initialization or finalization procedures.
2830 The abstract class generates an event request for each trace from which events are matched and waits for the request to complete before calling the one from another trace. The ''handleData'' method from the request calls the ''matchEvent'' method that needs to be implemented in children classes.
2832 Class '''TmfNetworkEventMatching''' is a concrete implementation of this interface. It applies to all use cases where a ''in'' event can be matched with a ''out' event (''in'' and ''out'' can be the same event, with different data). It creates a '''TmfEventDependency''' between the source and destination events. The dependency is added to the processing unit.
2834 To match events requiring other mechanisms (for instance, a series of events can be matched with another series of events), one would need to implement another class either extending '''TmfEventMatching''' or implementing '''ITmfEventMatching'''. It would most probably also require a new '''ITmfMatchEventDefinition''' implementation.
2836 === ITmfMatchEventDefinition interface and its derived classes ===
2838 These are the classes that describe how to actually match specific events together.
2840 The '''canMatchTrace''' method will tell if a definition is compatible with a given trace.
2842 The '''getUniqueField''' method will return a list of field values that uniquely identify this event and can be used to find a previous event to match with.
2844 Typically, there would be a match definition abstract class/interface per event matching type.
2846 The interface '''ITmfNetworkMatchDefinition''' adds the ''getDirection'' method to indicate whether this event is a ''in'' or ''out'' event to be matched with one from the opposite direction.
2848 As examples, two concrete network match definitions have been implemented in the ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.lttng2.kernel.core.event.matching'' package for two compatible methods of matching TCP packets (See the LTTng User Guide on ''trace synchronization'' for information on those matching methods). Each one tells which events need to be present in the metadata of a CTF trace for this matching method to be applicable. It also returns the field values from each event that will uniquely match 2 events together.
2850 === IMatchProcessingUnit interface and derived classes ===
2852 While matching events is an exercice in itself, it's what to do with the match that really makes this functionality interesting. This is the job of the '''IMatchProcessingUnit''' interface.
2854 '''TmfEventMatches''' provides a default implementation that only stores the matches to count them. When a new match is obtained, the ''addMatch'' is called with the match and the processing unit can do whatever needs to be done with it.
2856 A match processing unit can be an analysis in itself. For example, trace synchronization is done through such a processing unit. One just needs to set the processing unit in the TmfEventMatching constructor.
2860 === Using network packets matching in an analysis ===
2862 This example shows how one can create a processing unit inline to create a link between two events. In this example, the code already uses an event request, so there is no need here to call the ''matchEvents'' method, that will only create another request.
2865 class MyAnalysis extends TmfAbstractAnalysisModule {
2867 private TmfNetworkEventMatching tcpMatching;
2871 protected void executeAnalysis() {
2873 IMatchProcessingUnit matchProcessing = new IMatchProcessingUnit() {
2875 public void matchingEnded() {
2879 public void init(ITmfTrace[] fTraces) {
2883 public int countMatches() {
2888 public void addMatch(TmfEventDependency match) {
2889 log.debug("we got a tcp match! " + match.getSourceEvent().getContent() + " " + match.getDestinationEvent().getContent());
2890 TmfEvent source = match.getSourceEvent();
2891 TmfEvent destination = match.getDestinationEvent();
2892 /* Create a link between the two events */
2896 ITmfTrace[] traces = { getTrace() };
2897 tcpMatching = new TmfNetworkEventMatching(traces, matchProcessing);
2898 tcpMatching.initMatching();
2900 MyEventRequest request = new MyEventRequest(this, i);
2901 getTrace().sendRequest(request);
2904 public void analyzeEvent(TmfEvent event) {
2906 tcpMatching.matchEvent(event, 0);
2914 class MyEventRequest extends TmfEventRequest {
2916 private final MyAnalysis analysis;
2918 MyEventRequest(MyAnalysis analysis, int traceno) {
2919 super(CtfTmfEvent.class,
2920 TmfTimeRange.ETERNITY,
2922 TmfDataRequest.ALL_DATA,
2923 ITmfDataRequest.ExecutionType.FOREGROUND);
2924 this.analysis = analysis;
2928 public void handleData(final ITmfEvent event) {
2929 super.handleData(event);
2930 if (event != null) {
2931 analysis.analyzeEvent(event);
2937 === Match network events from UST traces ===
2939 Suppose a client-server application is instrumented using LTTng-UST. Traces are collected on the server and some clients on different machines. The traces can be synchronized using network event matching.
2941 The following metadata describes the events:
2945 name = "myapp:send";
2950 integer { size = 32; align = 8; signed = 1; encoding = none; base = 10; } _sendto;
2951 integer { size = 64; align = 8; signed = 1; encoding = none; base = 10; } _messageid;
2952 integer { size = 64; align = 8; signed = 1; encoding = none; base = 10; } _data;
2957 name = "myapp:receive";
2962 integer { size = 32; align = 8; signed = 1; encoding = none; base = 10; } _from;
2963 integer { size = 64; align = 8; signed = 1; encoding = none; base = 10; } _messageid;
2964 integer { size = 64; align = 8; signed = 1; encoding = none; base = 10; } _data;
2969 One would need to write an event match definition for those 2 events as follows:
2972 public class MyAppUstEventMatching implements ITmfNetworkMatchDefinition {
2975 public Direction getDirection(ITmfEvent event) {
2976 String evname = event.getType().getName();
2977 if (evname.equals("myapp:receive")) {
2978 return Direction.IN;
2979 } else if (evname.equals("myapp:send")) {
2980 return Direction.OUT;
2986 public List<Object> getUniqueField(ITmfEvent event) {
2987 List<Object> keys = new ArrayList<Object>();
2989 if (evname.equals("myapp:receive")) {
2990 keys.add(event.getContent().getField("from").getValue());
2991 keys.add(event.getContent().getField("messageid").getValue());
2993 keys.add(event.getContent().getField("sendto").getValue());
2994 keys.add(event.getContent().getField("messageid").getValue());
3001 public boolean canMatchTrace(ITmfTrace trace) {
3002 if (!(trace instanceof CtfTmfTrace)) {
3005 CtfTmfTrace ktrace = (CtfTmfTrace) trace;
3006 String[] events = { "myapp:receive", "myapp:send" };
3007 return ktrace.hasAtLeastOneOfEvents(events);
3011 public MatchingType[] getApplicableMatchingTypes() {
3012 MatchingType[] types = { MatchingType.NETWORK };
3019 Somewhere in code that will be executed at the start of the plugin (like in the Activator), the following code will have to be run:
3022 TmfEventMatching.registerMatchObject(new MyAppUstEventMatching());
3025 Now, only adding the traces in an experiment and clicking the '''Synchronize traces''' menu element would synchronize the traces using the new definition for event matching.
3027 == Trace synchronization ==
3029 Trace synchronization classes and interfaces are located in the ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.synchronization'' package.
3031 === Synchronization algorithm ===
3033 Synchronization algorithms are used to synchronize traces from events matched between traces. After synchronization, traces taken on different machines with different time references see their timestamps modified such that they all use the same time reference (typically, the time of at least one of the traces). With traces from different machines, it is impossible to have perfect synchronization, so the result is a best approximation that takes network latency into account.
3035 The abstract class '''SynchronizationAlgorithm''' is a processing unit for matches. New synchronization algorithms must extend this one, it already contains the functions to get the timestamp transforms for different traces.
3037 The ''fully incremental convex hull'' synchronization algorithm is the default synchronization algorithm.
3039 While the synchronization system provisions for more synchronization algorithms, there is not yet a way to select one, the experiment's trace synchronization uses the default algorithm. To test a new synchronization algorithm, the synchronization should be called directly like this:
3042 SynchronizationAlgorithm syncAlgo = new MyNewSynchronizationAlgorithm();
3043 syncAlgo = SynchronizationManager.synchronizeTraces(syncFile, traces, syncAlgo, true);
3046 === Timestamp transforms ===
3048 Timestamp transforms are the formulae used to transform the timestamps from a trace into the reference time. The '''ITmfTimestampTransform''' is the interface to implement to add a new transform.
3050 The following classes implement this interface:
3052 * '''TmfTimestampTransform''': default transform. It cannot be instantiated, it has a single static object TmfTimestampTransform.IDENTITY, which returns the original timestamp.
3053 * '''TmfTimestampTransformLinear''': transforms the timestamp using a linear formula: ''f(t) = at + b'', where ''a'' and ''b'' are computed by the synchronization algorithm.
3055 One could extend the interface for other timestamp transforms, for instance to have a transform where the formula would change over the course of the trace.
3059 Here's a list of features not yet implemented that would enhance trace synchronization and event matching:
3061 * Ability to select a synchronization algorithm
3062 * Implement a better way to select the reference trace instead of arbitrarily taking the first in alphabetical order (for instance, the minimum spanning tree algorithm by Masoume Jabbarifar (article on the subject not published yet))
3063 * Ability to join traces from the same host so that even if one of the traces is not synchronized with the reference trace, it will take the same timestamp transform as the one on the same machine.
3064 * Instead of having the timestamp transforms per trace, have the timestamp transform as part of an experiment context, so that the trace's specific analysis, like the state system, are in the original trace, but are transformed only when needed for an experiment analysis.
3065 * Add more views to display the synchronization information (only textual statistics are available for now)
3067 = Analysis Framework =
3069 Analysis modules are useful to tell the user exactly what can be done with a trace. The analysis framework provides an easy way to access and execute the modules and open the various outputs available.
3071 Analyses can have parameters they can use in their code. They also have outputs registered to them to display the results from their execution.
3073 == Creating a new module ==
3075 All analysis modules must implement the '''IAnalysisModule''' interface from the o.e.l.tmf.core project. An abstract class, '''TmfAbstractAnalysisModule''', provides a good base implementation. It is strongly suggested to use it as a superclass of any new analysis.
3079 This example shows how to add a simple analysis module for an LTTng kernel trace with two parameters.
3082 public class MyLttngKernelAnalysis extends TmfAbstractAnalysisModule {
3084 public static final String PARAM1 = "myparam";
3085 public static final String PARAM2 = "myotherparam";
3088 public boolean canExecute(ITmfTrace trace) {
3089 /* This just makes sure the trace is an Lttng kernel trace, though
3090 usually that should have been done by specifying the trace type
3091 this analysis module applies to */
3092 if (!LttngKernelTrace.class.isAssignableFrom(trace.getClass())) {
3096 /* Does the trace contain the appropriate events? */
3097 String[] events = { "sched_switch", "sched_wakeup" };
3098 return ((LttngKernelTrace) trace).hasAllEvents(events);
3102 protected void canceling() {
3103 /* The job I am running in is being cancelled, let's clean up */
3107 protected boolean executeAnalysis(final IProgressMonitor monitor) {
3109 * I am running in an Eclipse job, and I already know I can execute
3112 * In the end, I will return true if I was successfully completed or
3113 * false if I was either interrupted or something wrong occurred.
3115 Object param1 = getParameter(PARAM1);
3116 int param2 = (Integer) getParameter(PARAM2);
3120 public Object getParameter(String name) {
3121 Object value = super.getParameter(name);
3122 /* Make sure the value of param2 is of the right type. For sake of
3123 simplicity, the full parameter format validation is not presented
3125 if ((value != null) && name.equals(PARAM2) && (value instanceof String)) {
3126 return Integer.parseInt((String) value);
3134 === Available base analysis classes and interfaces ===
3136 The following are available as base classes for analysis modules. They also extend the abstract '''TmfAbstractAnalysisModule'''
3138 * '''TmfStateSystemAnalysisModule''': A base analysis module that builds one state system. A module extending this class only needs to provide a state provider and the type of state system backend to use. All state systems should now use this base class as it also contains all the methods to actually create the state sytem with a given backend.
3140 The following interfaces can optionally be implemented by analysis modules if they use their functionalities. For instance, some utility views, like the State System Explorer, may have access to the module's data through these interfaces.
3142 * '''ITmfAnalysisModuleWithStateSystems''': Modules implementing this have one or more state systems included in them. For example, a module may "hide" 2 state system modules for its internal workings. By implementing this interface, it tells that it has state systems and can return them if required.
3144 === How it works ===
3146 Analyses are managed through the '''TmfAnalysisManager'''. The analysis manager is a singleton in the application and keeps track of all available analysis modules, with the help of '''IAnalysisModuleHelper'''. It can be queried to get the available analysis modules, either all of them or only those for a given tracetype. The helpers contain the non-trace specific information on an analysis module: its id, its name, the tracetypes it applies to, etc.
3148 When a trace is opened, the helpers for the applicable analysis create new instances of the analysis modules. The analysis are then kept in a field of the trace and can be executed automatically or on demand.
3150 The analysis is executed by calling the '''IAnalysisModule#schedule()''' method. This method makes sure the analysis is executed only once and, if it is already running, it won't start again. The analysis itself is run inside an Eclipse job that can be cancelled by the user or the application. The developer must consider the progress monitor that comes as a parameter of the '''executeAnalysis()''' method, to handle the proper cancellation of the processing. The '''IAnalysisModule#waitForCompletion()''' method will block the calling thread until the analysis is completed. The method will return whether the analysis was successfully completed or if it was cancelled.
3152 A running analysis can be cancelled by calling the '''IAnalysisModule#cancel()''' method. This will set the analysis as done, so it cannot start again unless it is explicitly reset. This is done by calling the protected method '''resetAnalysis'''.
3154 == Telling TMF about the analysis module ==
3156 Now that the analysis module class exists, it is time to hook it to the rest of TMF so that it appears under the traces in the project explorer. The way to do so is to add an extension of type ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.analysis'' to a plugin, either through the ''Extensions'' tab of the Plug-in Manifest Editor or by editing directly the plugin.xml file.
3158 The following code shows what the resulting plugin.xml file should look like.
3162 point="org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.analysis">
3164 id="my.lttng.kernel.analysis.id"
3165 name="My LTTng Kernel Analysis"
3166 analysis_module="my.plugin.package.MyLttngKernelAnalysis"
3173 name="myotherparam">
3175 class="org.eclipse.linuxtools.lttng2.kernel.core.trace.LttngKernelTrace">
3181 This defines an analysis module where the ''analysis_module'' attribute corresponds to the module class and must implement IAnalysisModule. This module has 2 parameters: ''myparam'' and ''myotherparam'' which has default value of 3. The ''tracetype'' element tells which tracetypes this analysis applies to. There can be many tracetypes. Also, the ''automatic'' attribute of the module indicates whether this analysis should be run when the trace is opened, or wait for the user's explicit request.
3183 Note that with these extension points, it is possible to use the same module class for more than one analysis (with different ids and names). That is a desirable behavior. For instance, a third party plugin may add a new tracetype different from the one the module is meant for, but on which the analysis can run. Also, different analyses could provide different results with the same module class but with different default values of parameters.
3185 == Attaching outputs and views to the analysis module ==
3187 Analyses will typically produce outputs the user can examine. Outputs can be a text dump, a .dot file, an XML file, a view, etc. All output types must implement the '''IAnalysisOutput''' interface.
3189 An output can be registered to an analysis module at any moment by calling the '''IAnalysisModule#registerOutput()''' method. Analyses themselves may know what outputs are available and may register them in the analysis constructor or after analysis completion.
3191 The various concrete output types are:
3193 * '''TmfAnalysisViewOutput''': It takes a view ID as parameter and, when selected, opens the view.
3195 === Using the extension point to add outputs ===
3197 Analysis outputs can also be hooked to an analysis using the same extension point ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.analysis'' in the plugin.xml file. Outputs can be matched either to a specific analysis identified by an ID, or to all analysis modules extending or implementing a given class or interface.
3199 The following code shows how to add a view output to the analysis defined above directly in the plugin.xml file. This extension does not have to be in the same plugin as the extension defining the analysis. Typically, an analysis module can be defined in a core plugin, along with some outputs that do not require UI elements. Other outputs, like views, who need UI elements, will be defined in a ui plugin.
3203 point="org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core.analysis">
3205 class="org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.analysis.TmfAnalysisViewOutput"
3206 id="my.plugin.package.ui.views.myView">
3208 id="my.lttng.kernel.analysis.id">
3212 class="org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.ui.analysis.TmfAnalysisViewOutput"
3213 id="my.plugin.package.ui.views.myMoreGenericView">
3214 <analysisModuleClass
3215 class="my.plugin.package.core.MyAnalysisModuleClass">
3216 </analysisModuleClass>
3221 == Providing help for the module ==
3223 For now, the only way to provide a meaningful help message to the user is by overriding the '''IAnalysisModule#getHelpText()''' method and return a string that will be displayed in a message box.
3225 What still needs to be implemented is for a way to add a full user/developer documentation with mediawiki text file for each module and automatically add it to Eclipse Help. Clicking on the Help menu item of an analysis module would open the corresponding page in the help.
3227 == Using analysis parameter providers ==
3229 An analysis may have parameters that can be used during its execution. Default values can be set when describing the analysis module in the plugin.xml file, or they can use the '''IAnalysisParameterProvider''' interface to provide values for parameters. '''TmfAbstractAnalysisParamProvider''' provides an abstract implementation of this interface, that automatically notifies the module of a parameter change.
3231 === Example parameter provider ===
3233 The following example shows how to have a parameter provider listen to a selection in the LTTng kernel Control Flow view and send the thread id to the analysis.
3236 public class MyLttngKernelParameterProvider extends TmfAbstractAnalysisParamProvider {
3238 private ControlFlowEntry fCurrentEntry = null;
3240 private static final String NAME = "My Lttng kernel parameter provider"; //$NON-NLS-1$
3242 private ISelectionListener selListener = new ISelectionListener() {
3244 public void selectionChanged(IWorkbenchPart part, ISelection selection) {
3245 if (selection instanceof IStructuredSelection) {
3246 Object element = ((IStructuredSelection) selection).getFirstElement();
3247 if (element instanceof ControlFlowEntry) {
3248 ControlFlowEntry entry = (ControlFlowEntry) element;
3249 setCurrentThreadEntry(entry);
3258 public CriticalPathParameterProvider() {
3264 public String getName() {
3269 public Object getParameter(String name) {
3270 if (fCurrentEntry == null) {
3273 if (name.equals(MyLttngKernelAnalysis.PARAM1)) {
3274 return fCurrentEntry.getThreadId()
3280 public boolean appliesToTrace(ITmfTrace trace) {
3281 return (trace instanceof LttngKernelTrace);
3284 private void setCurrentThreadEntry(ControlFlowEntry entry) {
3285 if (!entry.equals(fCurrentEntry)) {
3286 fCurrentEntry = entry;
3287 this.notifyParameterChanged(MyLttngKernelAnalysis.PARAM1);
3291 private void registerListener() {
3292 final IWorkbench wb = PlatformUI.getWorkbench();
3294 final IWorkbenchPage activePage = wb.getActiveWorkbenchWindow().getActivePage();
3296 /* Add the listener to the control flow view */
3297 view = activePage.findView(ControlFlowView.ID);
3299 view.getSite().getWorkbenchWindow().getSelectionService().addPostSelectionListener(selListener);
3300 view.getSite().getWorkbenchWindow().getPartService().addPartListener(partListener);
3307 === Register the parameter provider to the analysis ===
3309 To have the parameter provider class register to analysis modules, it must first register through the analysis manager. It can be done in a plugin's activator as follows:
3313 public void start(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
3315 TmfAnalysisManager.registerParameterProvider("my.lttng.kernel.analysis.id", MyLttngKernelParameterProvider.class)
3319 where '''MyLttngKernelParameterProvider''' will be registered to analysis ''"my.lttng.kernel.analysis.id"''. When the analysis module is created, the new module will register automatically to the singleton parameter provider instance. Only one module is registered to a parameter provider at a given time, the one corresponding to the currently selected trace.
3321 == Providing requirements to analyses ==
3323 === Analysis requirement provider API ===
3325 A requirement defines the needs of an analysis. For example, an analysis could need an event named ''"sched_switch"'' in order to be properly executed. The requirements are represented by the class '''TmfAnalysisRequirement'''. Since '''IAnalysisModule''' extends the '''IAnalysisRequirementProvider''' interface, all analysis modules must provide their requirements. If the analysis module extends '''TmfAbstractAnalysisModule''', it has the choice between overriding the requirements getter ('''IAnalysisRequirementProvider#getAnalysisRequirements()''') or not, since the abstract class returns an empty collection by default (no requirements).
3327 === Requirement values ===
3329 When instantiating a requirement, the developer needs to specify a type to which all the values added to the requirement will be linked. In the earlier example, there would be an ''"event"'' or ''"eventName"'' type. The type is represented by a string, like all values added to the requirement object. With an 'event' type requirement, a trace generator like the LTTng Control could automatically enable the required events. This is possible by calling the '''TmfAnalysisRequirementHelper''' class. Another point we have to take into consideration is the priority level of each value added to the requirement object. The enum '''TmfAnalysisRequirement#ValuePriorityLevel''' gives the choice between '''ValuePriorityLevel#MANDATORY''' and '''ValuePriorityLevel#OPTIONAL'''. That way, we can tell if an analysis can run without a value or not. To add values, one must call '''TmfAnalysisRequirement#addValue()'''.
3331 Moreover, information can be added to requirements. That way, the developer can explicitly give help details at the requirement level instead of at the analysis level (which would just be a general help text). To add information to a requirement, the method '''TmfAnalysisRequirement#addInformation()''' must be called. Adding information is not mandatory.
3333 === Example of providing requirements ===
3335 In this example, we will implement a method that initializes a requirement object and return it in the '''IAnalysisRequirementProvider#getAnalysisRequirements()''' getter. The example method will return a set with two requirements. The first one will indicate the events needed by a specific analysis and the last one will tell on what domain type the analysis applies. In the event type requirement, we will indicate that the analysis needs a mandatory event and an optional one.
3339 public Iterable<TmfAnalysisRequirement> getAnalysisRequirements() {
3340 Set<TmfAnalysisRequirement> requirements = new HashSet<>();
3342 /* Create requirements of type 'event' and 'domain' */
3343 TmfAnalysisRequirement eventRequirement = new TmfAnalysisRequirement("event");
3344 TmfAnalysisRequirement domainRequirement = new TmfAnalysisRequirement("domain");
3346 /* Add the values */
3347 domainRequirement.addValue("kernel", TmfAnalysisRequirement.ValuePriorityLevel.MANDATORY);
3348 eventRequirement.addValue("sched_switch", TmfAnalysisRequirement.ValuePriorityLevel.MANDATORY);
3349 eventRequirement.addValue("sched_wakeup", TmfAnalysisRequirement.ValuePriorityLevel.OPTIONAL);
3351 /* An information about the events */
3352 eventRequirement.addInformation("The event sched_wakeup is optional because it's not properly handled by this analysis yet.");
3354 /* Add them to the set */
3355 requirements.add(domainRequirement);
3356 requirements.add(eventRequirement);
3358 return requirements;
3365 Here's a list of features not yet implemented that would improve the analysis module user experience:
3367 * Implement help using the Eclipse Help facility (without forgetting an eventual command line request)
3368 * The abstract class '''TmfAbstractAnalysisModule''' executes an analysis as a job, but nothing compels a developer to do so for an analysis implementing the '''IAnalysisModule''' interface. We should force the execution of the analysis as a job, either from the trace itself or using the TmfAnalysisManager or by some other mean.
3369 * Views and outputs are often registered by the analysis themselves (forcing them often to be in the .ui packages because of the views), because there is no other easy way to do so. We should extend the analysis extension point so that .ui plugins or other third-party plugins can add outputs to a given analysis that resides in the core.
3370 * Improve the user experience with the analysis:
3371 ** Allow the user to select which analyses should be available, per trace or per project.
3372 ** Allow the user to view all available analyses even though he has no imported traces.
3373 ** Allow the user to generate traces for a given analysis, or generate a template to generate the trace that can be sent as parameter to the tracer.
3374 ** Give the user a visual status of the analysis: not executed, in progress, completed, error.
3375 ** Give a small screenshot of the output as icon for it.
3376 ** Allow to specify parameter values from the GUI.
3377 * Add the possibility for an analysis requirement to be composed of another requirement.
3378 * Generate a trace session from analysis requirements.
3381 = Performance Tests =
3383 Performance testing allows to calculate some metrics (CPU time, Memory Usage, etc) that some part of the code takes during its execution. These metrics can then be used as is for information on the system's execution, or they can be compared either with other execution scenarios, or previous runs of the same scenario, for instance, after some optimization has been done on the code.
3385 For automatic performance metric computation, we use the ''org.eclipse.test.performance'' plugin, provided by the Eclipse Test Feature.
3387 == Add performance tests ==
3391 Performance tests are unit tests and they are added to the corresponding unit tests plugin. To separate performance tests from unit tests, a separate source folder, typically named ''perf'', is added to the plug-in.
3393 Tests are to be added to a package under the ''perf'' directory, the package name would typically match the name of the package it is testing. For each package, a class named '''AllPerfTests''' would list all the performance tests classes inside this package. And like for unit tests, a class named '''AllPerfTests''' for the plug-in would list all the packages' '''AllPerfTests''' classes.
3395 When adding performance tests for the first time in a plug-in, the plug-in's '''AllPerfTests''' class should be added to the global list of performance tests, found in package ''org.eclipse.linuxtools.lttng.alltests'', in class '''RunAllPerfTests'''. This will ensure that performance tests for the plug-in are run along with the other performance tests
3399 TMF is using the org.eclipse.test.performance framework for performance tests. Using this, performance metrics are automatically taken and, if many runs of the tests are run, average and standard deviation are automatically computed. Results can optionally be stored to a database for later use.
3401 Here is an example of how to use the test framework in a performance test:
3404 public class AnalysisBenchmark {
3406 private static final String TEST_ID = "org.eclipse.linuxtools#LTTng kernel analysis";
3407 private static final CtfTmfTestTrace testTrace = CtfTmfTestTrace.TRACE2;
3408 private static final int LOOP_COUNT = 10;
3414 public void testTrace() {
3415 assumeTrue(testTrace.exists());
3417 /** Create a new performance meter for this scenario */
3418 Performance perf = Performance.getDefault();
3419 PerformanceMeter pm = perf.createPerformanceMeter(TEST_ID);
3421 /** Optionally, tag this test for summary or global summary on a given dimension */
3422 perf.tagAsSummary(pm, "LTTng Kernel Analysis", Dimension.CPU_TIME);
3423 perf.tagAsGlobalSummary(pm, "LTTng Kernel Analysis", Dimension.CPU_TIME);
3425 /** The test will be run LOOP_COUNT times */
3426 for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_COUNT; i++) {
3428 /** Start each run of the test with new objects to avoid different code paths */
3429 try (IAnalysisModule module = new LttngKernelAnalysisModule();
3430 LttngKernelTrace trace = new LttngKernelTrace()) {
3431 module.setId("test");
3432 trace.initTrace(null, testTrace.getPath(), CtfTmfEvent.class);
3433 module.setTrace(trace);
3435 /** The analysis execution is being tested, so performance metrics
3436 * are taken before and after the execution */
3438 TmfTestHelper.executeAnalysis(module);
3442 * Delete the supplementary files, so next iteration rebuilds
3445 File suppDir = new File(TmfTraceManager.getSupplementaryFileDir(trace));
3446 for (File file : suppDir.listFiles()) {
3450 } catch (TmfAnalysisException | TmfTraceException e) {
3451 fail(e.getMessage());
3455 /** Once the test has been run many times, committing the results will
3456 * calculate average, standard deviation, and, if configured, save the
3457 * data to a database */
3464 For more information, see [http://wiki.eclipse.org/Performance/Automated_Tests The Eclipse Performance Test How-to]
3466 Some rules to help write performance tests are explained in section [[ABC of performance testing | ABC of performance testing]].
3468 === Run a performance test ===
3470 Performance tests are unit tests, so, just like unit tests, they can be run by right-clicking on a performance test class and selecting ''Run As'' -> ''Junit Plug-in Test''.
3472 By default, if no database has been configured, results will be displayed in the Console at the end of the test.
3474 Here is the sample output from the test described in the previous section. It shows all the metrics that have been calculated during the test.
3477 Scenario 'org.eclipse.linuxtools#LTTng kernel analysis' (average over 10 samples):
3478 System Time: 3.04s (95% in [2.77s, 3.3s]) Measurable effect: 464ms (1.3 SDs) (required sample size for an effect of 5% of mean: 94)
3479 Used Java Heap: -1.43M (95% in [-33.67M, 30.81M]) Measurable effect: 57.01M (1.3 SDs) (required sample size for an effect of 5% of stdev: 6401)
3480 Working Set: 14.43M (95% in [-966.01K, 29.81M]) Measurable effect: 27.19M (1.3 SDs) (required sample size for an effect of 5% of stdev: 6400)
3481 Elapsed Process: 3.04s (95% in [2.77s, 3.3s]) Measurable effect: 464ms (1.3 SDs) (required sample size for an effect of 5% of mean: 94)
3482 Kernel time: 621ms (95% in [586ms, 655ms]) Measurable effect: 60ms (1.3 SDs) (required sample size for an effect of 5% of mean: 39)
3483 CPU Time: 6.06s (95% in [5.02s, 7.09s]) Measurable effect: 1.83s (1.3 SDs) (required sample size for an effect of 5% of mean: 365)
3484 Hard Page Faults: 0 (95% in [0, 0]) Measurable effect: 0 (1.3 SDs) (required sample size for an effect of 5% of stdev: 6400)
3485 Soft Page Faults: 9.27K (95% in [3.28K, 15.27K]) Measurable effect: 10.6K (1.3 SDs) (required sample size for an effect of 5% of mean: 5224)
3486 Text Size: 0 (95% in [0, 0])
3487 Data Size: 0 (95% in [0, 0])
3488 Library Size: 32.5M (95% in [-12.69M, 77.69M]) Measurable effect: 79.91M (1.3 SDs) (required sample size for an effect of 5% of stdev: 6401)
3491 Results from performance tests can be saved automatically to a derby database. Derby can be run either in embedded mode, locally on a machine, or on a server. More information on setting up derby for performance tests can be found here: [http://wiki.eclipse.org/Performance/Automated_Tests The Eclipse Performance Test How-to]. The following documentation will show how to configure an Eclipse run configuration to store results on a derby database located on a server.
3493 Note that to store results in a derby database, the ''org.apache.derby'' plug-in must be available within your Eclipse. Since it is an optional dependency, it is not included in the target definition. It can be installed via the '''Orbit''' repository, in ''Help'' -> ''Install new software...''. If the '''Orbit''' repository is not listed, click on the latest one from [http://download.eclipse.org/tools/orbit/downloads/] and copy the link under ''Orbit Build Repository''.
3495 To store the data to a database, it needs to be configured in the run configuration. In ''Run'' -> ''Run configurations..'', under ''Junit Plug-in Test'', find the run configuration that corresponds to the test you wish to run, or create one if it is not present yet.
3497 In the ''Arguments'' tab, in the box under ''VM Arguments'', add on separate lines the following information
3500 -Declipse.perf.dbloc=//javaderby.dorsal.polymtl.ca
3501 -Declipse.perf.config=build=mybuild;host=myhost;config=linux;jvm=1.7
3504 The ''eclipse.perf.dbloc'' parameter is the url (or filename) of the derby database. The database is by default named ''perfDB'', with username and password ''guest''/''guest''. If the database does not exist, it will be created, initialized and populated.
3506 The ''eclipse.perf.config'' parameter identifies a '''variation''': It typically identifies the build on which is it run (commitId and/or build date, etc), the machine (host) on which it is run, the configuration of the system (for example Linux or Windows), the jvm etc. That parameter is a list of ';' separated key-value pairs. To be backward-compatible with the Eclipse Performance Tests Framework, the 4 keys mentioned above are mandatory, but any key-value pairs can be used.
3508 == ABC of performance testing ==
3510 Here follow some rules to help design good and meaningful performance tests.
3512 === Determine what to test ===
3514 For tests to be significant, it is important to choose what exactly is to be tested and make sure it is reproducible every run. To limit the amount of noise caused by the TMF framework, the performance test code should be tweaked so that only the method under test is run. For instance, a trace should not be "opened" (by calling the ''traceOpened()'' method) to test an analysis, since the ''traceOpened'' method will also trigger the indexing and the execution of all applicable automatic analysis.
3516 For each code path to test, multiple scenarios can be defined. For instance, an analysis could be run on different traces, with different sizes. The results will show how the system scales and/or varies depending on the objects it is executed on.
3518 The number of '''samples''' used to compute the results is also important. The code to test will typically be inside a '''for''' loop that runs exactly the same code each time for a given number of times. All objects used for the test must start in the same state at each iteration of the loop. For instance, any trace used during an execution should be disposed of at the end of the loop, and any supplementary file that may have been generated in the run should be deleted.
3520 Before submitting a performance test to the code review, you should run it a few times (with results in the Console) and see if the standard deviation is not too large and if the results are reproducible.
3522 === Metrics descriptions and considerations ===
3524 CPU time: CPU time represent the total time spent on CPU by the current process, for the time of the test execution. It is the sum of the time spent by all threads. On one hand, it is more significant than the elapsed time, since it should be the same no matter how many CPU cores the computer has. But since it calculates the time of every thread, one has to make sure that only threads related to what is being tested are executed during that time, or else the results will include the times of those other threads. For an application like TMF, it is hard to control all the threads, and empirically, it is found to vary a lot more than the system time from one run to the other.
3526 System time (Elapsed time): The time between the start and the end of the execution. It will vary depending on the parallelisation of the threads and the load of the machine.
3528 Kernel time: Time spent in kernel mode
3530 Used Java Heap: It is the difference between the memory used at the beginning of the execution and at the end. This metric may be useful to calculate the overall size occupied by the data generated by the test run, by forcing a garbage collection before taking the metrics at the beginning and at the end of the execution. But it will not show the memory used throughout the execution. There can be a large standard deviation. The reason for this is that when benchmarking methods that trigger tasks in different threads, like signals and/or analysis, these other threads might be in various states at each run of the test, which will impact the memory usage calculated. When using this metric, either make sure the method to test does not trigger external threads or make sure you wait for them to finish.
3534 == Adding a protocol ==
3536 Supporting a new network protocol in TMF is straightforward. Minimal effort is required to support new protocols. In this tutorial, the UDP protocol will be added to the list of supported protocols.
3538 === Architecture ===
3540 All the TMF pcap-related code is divided in three projects (not considering the tests plugins):
3541 * '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.pcap.core''', which contains the parser that will read pcap files and constructs the different packets from a ByteBuffer. It also contains means to build packet streams, which are conversation (list of packets) between two endpoints. To add a protocol, almost all of the work will be in that project.
3542 * '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.pcap.core''', which contains TMF-specific concepts and act as a wrapper between TMF and the pcap parsing library. It only depends on org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.core and org.eclipse.pcap.core. To add a protocol, one file must be edited in this project.
3543 * '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.pcap.ui''', which contains all TMF pcap UI-specific concepts, such as the views and perspectives. No work is needed in that project.
3545 === UDP Packet Structure ===
3547 The UDP is a transport-layer protocol that does not guarantee message delivery nor in-order message reception. A UDP packet (datagram) has the following [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol#Packet_structure structure]:
3549 {| class="wikitable" style="margin: 0 auto; text-align: center;"
3551 ! style="border-bottom:none; border-right:none;"| ''Offsets''
3552 ! style="border-left:none;"| Octet
3558 ! style="border-top: none" | Octet
3559 ! <tt>Bit</tt>!!<tt> 0</tt>!!<tt> 1</tt>!!<tt> 2</tt>!!<tt> 3</tt>!!<tt> 4</tt>!!<tt> 5</tt>!!<tt> 6</tt>!!<tt> 7</tt>!!<tt> 8</tt>!!<tt> 9</tt>!!<tt>10</tt>!!<tt>11</tt>!!<tt>12</tt>!!<tt>13</tt>!!<tt>14</tt>!!<tt>15</tt>!!<tt>16</tt>!!<tt>17</tt>!!<tt>18</tt>!!<tt>19</tt>!!<tt>20</tt>!!<tt>21</tt>!!<tt>22</tt>!!<tt>23</tt>!!<tt>24</tt>!!<tt>25</tt>!!<tt>26</tt>!!<tt>27</tt>!!<tt>28</tt>!!<tt>29</tt>!!<tt>30</tt>!!<tt>31</tt>
3563 | colspan="16" style="background:#fdd;"| Source port || colspan="16"| Destination port
3567 | colspan="16"| Length || colspan="16" style="background:#fdd;"| Checksum
3570 Knowing that, we can define an UDPPacket class that contains those fields.
3572 === Creating the UDPPacket ===
3574 First, in org.eclipse.linuxtools.pcap.core, create a new package named '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.pcap.core.protocol.name''' with name being the name of the new protocol. In our case name is udp so we create the package '''org.eclipse.linuxtools.pcap.core.protocol.udp'''. All our work is going in this package.
3576 In this package, we create a new class named UDPPacket that extends Packet. All new protocol must define a packet type that extends the abstract class Packet. We also add different fields:
3577 * ''Packet'' '''fChildPacket''', which is the packet encapsulated by this UDP packet, if it exists. This field will be initialized by findChildPacket().
3578 * ''ByteBuffer'' '''fPayload''', which is the payload of this packet. Basically, it is the UDP packet without its header.
3579 * ''int'' '''fSourcePort''', which is an unsigned 16-bits field, that contains the source port of the packet (see packet structure).
3580 * ''int'' '''fDestinationPort''', which is an unsigned 16-bits field, that contains the destination port of the packet (see packet structure).
3581 * ''int'' '''fTotalLength''', which is an unsigned 16-bits field, that contains the total length (header + payload) of the packet.
3582 * ''int'' '''fChecksum''', which is an unsigned 16-bits field, that contains a checksum to verify the integrity of the data.
3583 * ''UDPEndpoint'' '''fSourceEndpoint''', which contains the source endpoint of the UDPPacket. The UDPEndpoint class will be created later in this tutorial.
3584 * ''UDPEndpoint'' '''fDestinationEndpoint''', which contains the destination endpoint of the UDPPacket.
3585 * ''ImmutableMap<String, String>'' '''fFields''', which is a map that contains all the packet fields (see in data structure) which assign a field name with its value. Those values will be displayed on the UI.
3587 We also create the UDPPacket(PcapFile file, @Nullable Packet parent, ByteBuffer packet) constructor. The parameters are:
3588 * ''PcapFile'' '''file''', which is the pcap file to which this packet belongs.
3589 * ''Packet'' '''parent''', which is the packet encasulating this UDPPacket
3590 * ''ByteBuffer'' '''packet''', which is a ByteBuffer that contains all the data necessary to initialize the fields of this UDPPacket. We will retrieve bytes from it during object construction.
3592 The following class is obtained:
3595 package org.eclipse.linuxtools.pcap.core.protocol.udp;
3597 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
3598 import java.util.Map;
3600 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.pcap.core.endpoint.ProtocolEndpoint;
3601 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.pcap.core.packet.BadPacketException;
3602 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.pcap.core.packet.Packet;
3604 public class UDPPacket extends Packet {
3606 private final @Nullable Packet fChildPacket;
3607 private final @Nullable ByteBuffer fPayload;
3609 private final int fSourcePort;
3610 private final int fDestinationPort;
3611 private final int fTotalLength;
3612 private final int fChecksum;
3614 private @Nullable UDPEndpoint fSourceEndpoint;
3615 private @Nullable UDPEndpoint fDestinationEndpoint;
3617 private @Nullable ImmutableMap<String, String> fFields;
3620 * Constructor of the UDP Packet class.
3623 * The file that contains this packet.
3625 * The parent packet of this packet (the encapsulating packet).
3627 * The entire packet (header and payload).
3628 * @throws BadPacketException
3629 * Thrown when the packet is erroneous.
3631 public UDPPacket(PcapFile file, @Nullable Packet parent, ByteBuffer packet) throws BadPacketException {
3632 super(file, parent, Protocol.UDP);
3633 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
3638 public Packet getChildPacket() {
3639 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3644 public ByteBuffer getPayload() {
3645 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3650 public boolean validate() {
3651 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3656 protected Packet findChildPacket() throws BadPacketException {
3657 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3662 public ProtocolEndpoint getSourceEndpoint() {
3663 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3668 public ProtocolEndpoint getDestinationEndpoint() {
3669 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3674 public Map<String, String> getFields() {
3675 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3680 public String getLocalSummaryString() {
3681 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3686 protected String getSignificationString() {
3687 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3692 public boolean equals(Object obj) {
3693 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3698 public int hashCode() {
3699 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3706 Now, we implement the constructor. It is done in four steps:
3707 * We initialize fSourceEndpoint, fDestinationEndpoint and fFields to null, since those are lazy-loaded. This allows faster construction of the packet and thus faster parsing.
3708 * We initialize fSourcePort, fDestinationPort, fTotalLength, fChecksum using ByteBuffer packet. Thanks to the packet data structure, we can simply retrieve packet.getShort() to get the value. Since there is no unsigned in Java, special care is taken to avoid negative number. We use the utility method ConversionHelper.unsignedShortToInt() to convert it to an integer, and initialize the fields.
3709 * Now that the header is parsed, we take the rest of the ByteBuffer packet to initialize the payload, if there is one. To do this, we simply generate a new ByteBuffer starting from the current position.
3710 * We initialize the field fChildPacket using the method findChildPacket()
3712 The following constructor is obtained:
3714 public UDPPacket(PcapFile file, @Nullable Packet parent, ByteBuffer packet) throws BadPacketException {
3715 super(file, parent, Protocol.UDP);
3717 // The endpoints and fFields are lazy loaded. They are defined in the get*Endpoint()
3719 fSourceEndpoint = null;
3720 fDestinationEndpoint = null;
3723 // Initialize the fields from the ByteBuffer
3724 packet.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
3727 fSourcePort = ConversionHelper.unsignedShortToInt(packet.getShort());
3728 fDestinationPort = ConversionHelper.unsignedShortToInt(packet.getShort());
3729 fTotalLength = ConversionHelper.unsignedShortToInt(packet.getShort());
3730 fChecksum = ConversionHelper.unsignedShortToInt(packet.getShort());
3732 // Initialize the payload
3733 if (packet.array().length - packet.position() > 0) {
3734 byte[] array = new byte[packet.array().length - packet.position()];
3737 ByteBuffer payload = ByteBuffer.wrap(array);
3738 payload.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
3739 payload.position(0);
3746 fChildPacket = findChildPacket();
3751 Then, we implement the following methods:
3752 * ''public Packet'' '''getChildPacket()''': simple getter of fChildPacket
3753 * ''public ByteBuffer'' '''getPayload()''': simple getter of fPayload
3754 * ''public boolean'' '''validate()''': method that checks if the packet is valid. In our case, the packet is valid if the retrieved checksum fChecksum and the real checksum (that we can compute using the fields and payload of UDPPacket) are the same.
3755 * ''protected Packet'' '''findChildPacket()''': method that create a new packet if a encapsulated protocol is found. For instance, based on the fDestinationPort, it could determine what the encapsulated protocol is and creates a new packet object.
3756 * ''public ProtocolEndpoint'' '''getSourceEndpoint()''': method that initializes and returns the source endpoint.
3757 * ''public ProtocolEndpoint'' '''getDestinationEndpoint()''': method that initializes and returns the destination endpoint.
3758 * ''public Map<String, String>'' '''getFields()''': method that initializes and returns the map containing the fields matched to their value.
3759 * ''public String'' '''getLocalSummaryString()''': method that returns a string summarizing the most important fields of the packet. There is no need to list all the fields, just the most important one. This will be displayed on UI.
3760 * ''protected String'' '''getSignificationString()''': method that returns a string describing the meaning of the packet. If there is no particular meaning, it is possible to return getLocalSummaryString().
3761 * public boolean'' '''equals(Object obj)''': Object's equals method.
3762 * public int'' '''hashCode()''': Object's hashCode method.
3764 We get the following code:
3767 public @Nullable Packet getChildPacket() {
3768 return fChildPacket;
3772 public @Nullable ByteBuffer getPayload() {
3777 * Getter method that returns the UDP Source Port.
3779 * @return The source Port.
3781 public int getSourcePort() {
3786 * Getter method that returns the UDP Destination Port.
3788 * @return The destination Port.
3790 public int getDestinationPort() {
3791 return fDestinationPort;
3797 * See http://www.iana.org/assignments/service-names-port-numbers/service-
3798 * names-port-numbers.xhtml or
3799 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers
3802 protected @Nullable Packet findChildPacket() throws BadPacketException {
3803 // When more protocols are implemented, we can simply do a switch on the fDestinationPort field to find the child packet.
3804 // For instance, if the destination port is 80, then chances are the HTTP protocol is encapsulated. We can create a new HTTP
3805 // packet (after some verification that it is indeed the HTTP protocol).
3806 ByteBuffer payload = fPayload;
3807 if (payload == null) {
3811 return new UnknownPacket(getPcapFile(), this, payload);
3815 public boolean validate() {
3816 // Not yet implemented. ATM, we consider that all packets are valid.
3817 // TODO Implement it. We can compute the real checksum and compare it to fChecksum.
3822 public UDPEndpoint getSourceEndpoint() {
3824 UDPEndpoint endpoint = fSourceEndpoint;
3825 if (endpoint == null) {
3826 endpoint = new UDPEndpoint(this, true);
3828 fSourceEndpoint = endpoint;
3829 return fSourceEndpoint;
3833 public UDPEndpoint getDestinationEndpoint() {
3834 @Nullable UDPEndpoint endpoint = fDestinationEndpoint;
3835 if (endpoint == null) {
3836 endpoint = new UDPEndpoint(this, false);
3838 fDestinationEndpoint = endpoint;
3839 return fDestinationEndpoint;
3843 public Map<String, String> getFields() {
3844 ImmutableMap<String, String> map = fFields;
3846 @SuppressWarnings("null")
3847 @NonNull ImmutableMap<String, String> newMap = ImmutableMap.<String, String> builder()
3848 .put("Source Port", String.valueOf(fSourcePort)) //$NON-NLS-1$
3849 .put("Destination Port", String.valueOf(fDestinationPort)) //$NON-NLS-1$
3850 .put("Length", String.valueOf(fTotalLength) + " bytes") //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$
3851 .put("Checksum", String.format("%s%04x", "0x", fChecksum)) //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$ //$NON-NLS-3$
3860 public String getLocalSummaryString() {
3861 return "Src Port: " + fSourcePort + ", Dst Port: " + fDestinationPort; //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$
3865 protected String getSignificationString() {
3866 return "Source Port: " + fSourcePort + ", Destination Port: " + fDestinationPort; //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$
3870 public int hashCode() {
3871 final int prime = 31;
3873 result = prime * result + fChecksum;
3874 final Packet child = fChildPacket;
3875 if (child != null) {
3876 result = prime * result + child.hashCode();
3878 result = prime * result;
3880 result = prime * result + fDestinationPort;
3881 final ByteBuffer payload = fPayload;
3882 if (payload != null) {
3883 result = prime * result + payload.hashCode();
3885 result = prime * result;
3887 result = prime * result + fSourcePort;
3888 result = prime * result + fTotalLength;
3893 public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
3900 if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
3903 UDPPacket other = (UDPPacket) obj;
3904 if (fChecksum != other.fChecksum) {
3907 final Packet child = fChildPacket;
3908 if (child != null) {
3909 if (!child.equals(other.fChildPacket)) {
3913 if (other.fChildPacket != null) {
3917 if (fDestinationPort != other.fDestinationPort) {
3920 final ByteBuffer payload = fPayload;
3921 if (payload != null) {
3922 if (!payload.equals(other.fPayload)) {
3926 if (other.fPayload != null) {
3930 if (fSourcePort != other.fSourcePort) {
3933 if (fTotalLength != other.fTotalLength) {
3940 The UDPPacket class is implemented. We now have the define the UDPEndpoint.
3942 === Creating the UDPEndpoint ===
3944 For the UDP protocol, an endpoint will be its source or its destination port, depending if it is the source endpoint or destination endpoint. Knowing that, we can create our UDPEndpoint class.
3946 We create in our package a new class named UDPEndpoint that extends ProtocolEndpoint. We also add a field: fPort, which contains the source or destination port. We finally add a constructor public ExampleEndpoint(Packet packet, boolean isSourceEndpoint):
3947 * ''Packet'' '''packet''': the packet to build the endpoint from.
3948 * ''boolean'' '''isSourceEndpoint''': whether the endpoint is the source endpoint or destination endpoint.
3950 We obtain the following unimplemented class:
3953 package org.eclipse.linuxtools.pcap.core.protocol.udp;
3955 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.pcap.core.endpoint.ProtocolEndpoint;
3956 import org.eclipse.linuxtools.internal.pcap.core.packet.Packet;
3958 public class UDPEndpoint extends ProtocolEndpoint {
3960 private final int fPort;
3962 public UDPEndpoint(Packet packet, boolean isSourceEndpoint) {
3963 super(packet, isSourceEndpoint);
3964 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
3968 public int hashCode() {
3969 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3974 public boolean equals(Object obj) {
3975 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3980 public String toString() {
3981 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
3988 For the constructor, we simply initialize fPort. If isSourceEndpoint is true, then we take packet.getSourcePort(), else we take packet.getDestinationPort().
3992 * Constructor of the {@link UDPEndpoint} class. It takes a packet to get
3993 * its endpoint. Since every packet has two endpoints (source and
3994 * destination), the isSourceEndpoint parameter is used to specify which
3998 * The packet that contains the endpoints.
3999 * @param isSourceEndpoint
4000 * Whether to take the source or the destination endpoint of the
4003 public UDPEndpoint(UDPPacket packet, boolean isSourceEndpoint) {
4004 super(packet, isSourceEndpoint);
4005 fPort = isSourceEndpoint ? packet.getSourcePort() : packet.getDestinationPort();
4009 Then we implement the methods:
4010 * ''public int'' '''hashCode()''': method that returns an integer based on the fields value. In our case, it will return an integer depending on fPort, and the parent endpoint that we can retrieve with getParentEndpoint().
4011 * ''public boolean'' '''equals(Object obj)''': method that returns true if two objects are equals. In our case, two UDPEndpoints are equal if they both have the same fPort and have the same parent endpoint that we can retrieve with getParentEndpoint().
4012 * ''public String'' '''toString()''': method that returns a description of the UDPEndpoint as a string. In our case, it will be a concatenation of the string of the parent endpoint and fPort as a string.
4016 public int hashCode() {
4017 final int prime = 31;
4019 ProtocolEndpoint endpoint = getParentEndpoint();
4020 if (endpoint == null) {
4023 result = endpoint.hashCode();
4025 result = prime * result + fPort;
4030 public boolean equals(@Nullable Object obj) {
4034 if (!(obj instanceof UDPEndpoint)) {
4038 UDPEndpoint other = (UDPEndpoint) obj;
4041 boolean localEquals = (fPort == other.fPort);
4046 // Check above layers.
4047 ProtocolEndpoint endpoint = getParentEndpoint();
4048 if (endpoint != null) {
4049 return endpoint.equals(other.getParentEndpoint());
4055 public String toString() {
4056 ProtocolEndpoint endpoint = getParentEndpoint();
4057 if (endpoint == null) {
4058 @SuppressWarnings("null")
4059 @NonNull String ret = String.valueOf(fPort);
4062 return endpoint.toString() + '/' + fPort;
4066 === Registering the UDP protocol ===
4068 The last step is to register the new protocol. There are three places where the protocol has to be registered. First, the parser has to know that a new protocol has been added. This is defined in the enum org.eclipse.linuxtools.pcap.core.protocol.PcapProtocol. Simply add the protocol name here, along with a few arguments:
4069 * ''String'' '''longname''', which is the long version of name of the protocol. In our case, it is "User Datagram Protocol".
4070 * ''String'' '''shortName''', which is the shortened name of the protocol. In our case, it is "UDP".
4071 * ''Layer'' '''layer''', which is the layer to which the protocol belongs in the OSI model. In our case, this is the layer 4.
4072 * ''boolean'' '''supportsStream''', which defines whether or not the protocol supports packet streams. In our case, this is set to true.
4074 Thus, the following line is added in the PcapProtocol enum:
4076 UDP("User Datagram Protocol", "udp", Layer.LAYER_4, true),
4079 Also, TMF has to know about the new protocol. This is defined in org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.pcap.core.protocol.TmfPcapProtocol. We simply add it, with a reference to the corresponding protocol in PcapProtocol. Thus, the following line is added in the TmfPcapProtocol enum:
4081 UDP(PcapProtocol.UDP),
4084 You will also have to update the ''ProtocolConversion'' class to register the protocol in the switch statements. Thus, for UDP, we add:
4087 return TmfPcapProtocol.UDP;
4092 return PcapProtocol.UDP;
4095 Finally, all the protocols that could be the parent of the new protocol (in our case, IPv4 and IPv6) have to be notified of the new protocol. This is done by modifying the findChildPacket() method of the packet class of those protocols. For instance, in IPv4Packet, we add a case in the switch statement of findChildPacket, if the Protocol number matches UDP's protocol number at the network layer:
4098 protected @Nullable Packet findChildPacket() throws BadPacketException {
4099 ByteBuffer payload = fPayload;
4100 if (payload == null) {
4104 switch (fIpDatagramProtocol) {
4105 case IPProtocolNumberHelper.PROTOCOL_NUMBER_TCP:
4106 return new TCPPacket(getPcapFile(), this, payload);
4107 case IPProtocolNumberHelper.PROTOCOL_NUMBER_UDP:
4108 return new UDPPacket(getPcapFile(), this, payload);
4110 return new UnknownPacket(getPcapFile(), this, payload);
4115 The new protocol has been added. Running TMF should work just fine, and the new protocol is now recognized.
4117 == Adding stream-based views ==
4119 To add a stream-based View, simply monitor the TmfPacketStreamSelectedSignal in your view. It contains the new stream that you can retrieve with signal.getStream(). You must then make an event request to the current trace to get the events, and use the stream to filter the events of interest. Therefore, you must also monitor TmfTraceOpenedSignal, TmfTraceClosedSignal and TmfTraceSelectedSignal. Examples of stream-based views include a view that represents the packets as a sequence diagram, or that shows the TCP connection state based on the packets SYN/ACK/FIN/RST flags. A (very very very early) draft of such a view can be found at https://git.eclipse.org/r/#/c/31054/.
4123 * Add more protocols. At the moment, only four protocols are supported. The following protocols would need to be implemented: ARP, SLL, WLAN, USB, IPv6, ICMP, ICMPv6, IGMP, IGMPv6, SCTP, DNS, FTP, HTTP, RTP, SIP, SSH and Telnet. Other VoIP protocols would be nice.
4124 * Add a network graph view. It would be useful to produce graphs that are meaningful to network engineers, and that they could use (for presentation purpose, for instance). We could use the XML-based analysis to do that!
4125 * Add a Stream Diagram view. This view would represent a stream as a Sequence Diagram. It would be updated when a TmfNewPacketStreamSignal is thrown. It would be easy to see the packet exchange and the time delta between each packet. Also, when a packet is selected in the Stream Diagram, it should be selected in the event table and its content should be shown in the Properties View. See https://git.eclipse.org/r/#/c/31054/ for a draft of such a view.
4126 * Make adding protocol more "plugin-ish", via extension points for instance. This would make it easier to support new protocols, without modifying the source code.
4127 * Control dumpcap directly from eclipse, similar to how LTTng is controlled in the Control View.
4128 * Support pcapng. See: http://www.winpcap.org/ntar/draft/PCAP-DumpFileFormat.html for the file format.
4129 * Add SWTBOT tests to org.eclipse.linuxtools.tmf.pcap.ui
4130 * Add a Raw Viewer, similar to Wireshark. We could use the “Show Raw” in the event editor to do that.
4131 * Externalize strings in org.eclipse.linuxtools.pcap.core. At the moment, all the strings are hardcoded. It would be good to externalize them all.