@copying
@c man begin COPYRIGHT
-Copyright @copyright{} 1991-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1991-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
@c man title ar create, modify, and extract from archives
@smallexample
-ar [@option{--plugin} @var{name}] [-]@var{p}[@var{mod} [@var{relpos}] [@var{count}]] [@option{--target} @var{bfdname}] @var{archive} [@var{member}@dots{}]
+ar [-]@var{p}[@var{mod}] [@option{--plugin} @var{name}] [@option{--target} @var{bfdname}] [@var{relpos}] [@var{count}] @var{archive} [@var{member}@dots{}]
ar -M [ <mri-script ]
@end smallexample
individually to the second archive.
The paths to the elements of the archive are stored relative to the
-archive itself.
+archive itself. For security reasons absolute paths and paths with a
+@code{/../} component are not allowed.
@cindex compatibility, @command{ar}
@cindex @command{ar} compatibility
@smallexample
@c man begin SYNOPSIS ar
-ar [@option{--plugin} @var{name}] [@option{-X32_64}] [@option{-}]@var{p}[@var{mod} [@var{relpos}] [@var{count}]] [@option{--target} @var{bfdname}] @var{archive} [@var{member}@dots{}]
+ar [@option{-X32_64}] [@option{-}]@var{p}[@var{mod}] [@option{--plugin} @var{name}] [@option{--target} @var{bfdname}] [@var{relpos}] [@var{count}] @var{archive} [@var{member}@dots{}]
@c man end
@end smallexample
symbol tables are always up-to-date, so @sc{gnu} @command{ar} will
rebuild the table even with a quick append.
-Note - @sc{gnu} @command{ar} treats the command @samp {qs} as a
+Note - @sc{gnu} @command{ar} treats the command @samp{qs} as a
synonym for @samp{r} - replacing already existing files in the
archive and appending new ones at the end.
@item --special-syms
Display symbols which have a target-specific special meaning. These
symbols are usually used by the target for some special processing and
-are not normally helpful when included included in the normal symbol
-lists. For example for ARM targets this option would skip the mapping
-symbols used to mark transitions between ARM code, THUMB code and
-data.
+are not normally helpful when included in the normal symbol lists.
+For example for ARM targets this option would skip the mapping symbols
+used to mark transitions between ARM code, THUMB code and data.
@item --synthetic
Include synthetic symbols in the output. These are special symbols
[@option{--change-warnings}] [@option{--no-change-warnings}]
[@option{--set-section-flags} @var{sectionpattern}=@var{flags}]
[@option{--add-section} @var{sectionname}=@var{filename}]
+ [@option{--dump-section} @var{sectionname}=@var{filename}]
[@option{--rename-section} @var{oldname}=@var{newname}[,@var{flags}]]
[@option{--long-section-names} @{enable,disable,keep@}]
[@option{--change-leading-char}] [@option{--remove-leading-char}]
contents of the new section are taken from the file @var{filename}. The
size of the section will be the size of the file. This option only
works on file formats which can support sections with arbitrary names.
+Note - it may be necessary to use the @option{--set-section-flags}
+option to set the attributes of the newly created section.
+
+@item --dump-section @var{sectionname}=@var{filename}
+Place the contents of section named @var{sectionname} into the file
+@var{filename}, overwriting any contents that may have been there
+previously. This option is the inverse of @option{--add-section}.
+This option is similar to the @option{--only-section} option except
+that it does not create a formatted file, it just dumps the contents
+as raw binary data, without applying any relocations. The option can
+be specified more than once.
@item --rename-section @var{oldname}=@var{newname}[,@var{flags}]
Rename a section from @var{oldname} to @var{newname}, optionally
[@option{-R}|@option{--dynamic-reloc}]
[@option{-s}|@option{--full-contents}]
[@option{-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]}|
- @option{--dwarf}[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]]
+ @option{--dwarf}[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames]
+ [=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc]
+ [=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev]
+ [=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]
[@option{-G}|@option{--stabs}]
[@option{-t}|@option{--syms}]
[@option{-T}|@option{--dynamic-syms}]
For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the @option{-m}
switch, but allow finer grained control. Multiple selections from the
following may be specified as a comma separated string.
-@option{x86-64}, @option{i386} and @option{i8086} select disassembly for
-the given architecture. @option{intel} and @option{att} select between
-intel syntax mode and AT&T syntax mode.
-@option{intel-mnemonic} and @option{att-mnemonic} select between
-intel mnemonic mode and AT&T mnemonic mode. @option{intel-mnemonic}
-implies @option{intel} and @option{att-mnemonic} implies @option{att}.
-@option{addr64}, @option{addr32},
-@option{addr16}, @option{data32} and @option{data16} specify the default
-address size and operand size. These four options will be overridden if
-@option{x86-64}, @option{i386} or @option{i8086} appear later in the
-option string. Lastly, @option{suffix}, when in AT&T mode,
-instructs the disassembler to print a mnemonic suffix even when the
-suffix could be inferred by the operands.
+@table @code
+@item x86-64
+@itemx i386
+@itemx i8086
+Select disassembly for the given architecture.
+
+@item intel
+@itemx att
+Select between intel syntax mode and AT&T syntax mode.
+
+@item intel-mnemonic
+@itemx att-mnemonic
+Select between intel mnemonic mode and AT&T mnemonic mode.
+Note: @code{intel-mnemonic} implies @code{intel} and
+@code{att-mnemonic} implies @code{att}.
+
+@item addr64
+@itemx addr32
+@itemx addr16
+@itemx data32
+@itemx data16
+Specify the default address size and operand size. These four options
+will be overridden if @code{x86-64}, @code{i386} or @code{i8086}
+appear later in the option string.
+
+@item suffix
+When in AT&T mode, instructs the disassembler to print a mnemonic
+suffix even when the suffix could be inferred by the operands.
+@end table
For PowerPC, @option{booke} controls the disassembly of BookE
instructions. @option{32} and @option{64} select PowerPC and
instruction mnemonic. I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of 'move',
'sll' instead of 'nop', etc.
+@item msa
+Disassemble MSA instructions.
+
@item virt
Disassemble the virtualization ASE instructions.
+@item xpa
+Disassemble the eXtended Physical Address (XPA) ASE instructions.
+
@item gpr-names=@var{ABI}
Print GPR (general-purpose register) names as appropriate
for the specified ABI. By default, GPR names are selected according to
argument @var{options} is a comma separated list that depends on the
format (the lists of options is displayed with the help).
-For XCOFF, the available options are: @option{header}, @option{aout},
-@option{sections}, @option{syms}, @option{relocs}, @option{lineno},
-@option{loader}, @option{except}, @option{typchk}, @option{traceback},
-@option{toc} and @option{ldinfo}.
+For XCOFF, the available options are:
+@table @code
+@item header
+@item aout
+@item sections
+@item syms
+@item relocs
+@item lineno,
+@item loader
+@item except
+@item typchk
+@item traceback
+@item toc
+@item ldinfo
+@end table
+
+Not all object formats support this option. In particular the ELF
+format does not use it.
@item -r
@itemx --reloc
instructions.
@item -W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]
-@itemx --dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]
+@itemx --dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames]
+@itemx --dwarf[=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc]
+@itemx --dwarf[=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev]
+@itemx --dwarf[=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]
@cindex DWARF
@cindex debug symbols
Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are
header will show zero for the UID, GID, and timestamp. When this
option is used, multiple runs will produce identical output files.
-This is the default unless @file{binutils} was configured with
-@option{--enable-deterministic-archives}.
+If @file{binutils} was configured with
+@option{--enable-deterministic-archives}, then this mode is on by
+default. It can be disabled with the @samp{-U} option, described
+below.
@item -t
Update the timestamp of the symbol map of an archive.
inverse of the @samp{-D} option, above: the archive index will get
actual UID, GID, timestamp, and file mode values.
-This is the default unless @file{binutils} was configured with
-@option{--enable-deterministic-archives}.
+If @file{binutils} was configured @emph{without}
+@option{--enable-deterministic-archives}, then this mode is on by
+default.
+
@end table
@c man end
[@option{-e} @var{encoding}] [@option{--encoding=}@var{encoding}]
[@option{-}] [@option{--all}] [@option{--print-file-name}]
[@option{-T} @var{bfdname}] [@option{--target=}@var{bfdname}]
+ [@option{-w}] [@option{--include-all-whitespace}]
[@option{--help}] [@option{--version}] @var{file}@dots{}
@c man end
@end smallexample
@c man begin DESCRIPTION strings
-For each @var{file} given, @sc{gnu} @command{strings} prints the printable
-character sequences that are at least 4 characters long (or the number
-given with the options below) and are followed by an unprintable
-character. By default, it only prints the strings from the initialized
-and loaded sections of object files; for other types of files, it prints
-the strings from the whole file.
+For each @var{file} given, @sc{gnu} @command{strings} prints the
+printable character sequences that are at least 4 characters long (or
+the number given with the options below) and are followed by an
+unprintable character.
+
+Depending upon how the strings program was configured it will default
+to either displaying all the printable sequences that it can find in
+each file, or only those sequences that are in loadable, initialized
+data sections. If the file type in unrecognizable, or if strings is
+reading from stdin then it will always display all of the printable
+sequences that it can find.
+
+For backwards compatibility any file that occurs after a command line
+option of just @option{-} will also be scanned in full, regardless of
+the presence of any @option{-d} option.
-@command{strings} is mainly useful for determining the contents of non-text
-files.
+@command{strings} is mainly useful for determining the contents of
+non-text files.
@c man end
@item -a
@itemx --all
@itemx -
-Do not scan only the initialized and loaded sections of object files;
-scan the whole files.
+Scan the whole file, regardless of what sections it contains or
+whether those sections are loaded or initialized. Normally this is
+the default behaviour, but strings can be configured so that the
+@option{-d} is the default instead.
+
+The @option{-} option is position dependent and forces strings to
+perform full scans of any file that is mentioned after the @option{-}
+on the command line, even if the @option{-d} option has been
+specified.
+
+@item -d
+@itemx --data
+Only print strings from initialized, loaded data sections in the
+file. This may reduce the amount of garbage in the output, but it
+also exposes the strings program to any security flaws that may be
+present in the BFD library used to scan and load sections. Strings
+can be configured so that this option is the default behaviour. In
+such cases the @option{-a} option can be used to avoid using the BFD
+library and instead just print all of the strings found in the file.
@item -f
@itemx --print-file-name
@itemx -V
@itemx --version
Print the program version number on the standard output and exit.
+
+@item -w
+@itemx --include-all-whitespace
+By default tab and space characters are included in the strings that
+are displayed, but other whitespace characters, such a newlines and
+carriage returns, are not. The @option{-w} option changes this so
+that all whitespace characters are considered to be part of a string.
@end table
@c man end
@item -R @var{sectionname}
@itemx --remove-section=@var{sectionname}
-Remove any section named @var{sectionname} from the output file. This
+Remove any section named @var{sectionname} from the output file, in
+addition to whatever sections would otherwise be removed. This
option may be given more than once. Note that using this option
inappropriately may make the output file unusable. The wildcard
character @samp{*} may be given at the end of @var{sectionname}. If
address on standard output. In this mode, @command{addr2line} may be used
in a pipe to convert dynamically chosen addresses.
-The format of the output is @samp{FILENAME:LINENO}. The file name and
-line number for each input address is printed on separate lines.
+The format of the output is @samp{FILENAME:LINENO}. By default
+each input address generates one line of output.
+
+Two options can generate additional lines before each
+@samp{FILENAME:LINENO} line (in that order).
+
+If the @option{-a} option is used then a line with the input address
+is displayed.
+
+If the @option{-f} option is used, then a line with the
+@samp{FUNCTIONNAME} is displayed. This is the name of the function
+containing the address.
-If the @option{-f} option is used, then each @samp{FILENAME:LINENO}
-line is preceded by @samp{FUNCTIONNAME} which is the name of the
-function containing the address.
+One option can generate additional lines after the
+@samp{FILENAME:LINENO} line.
If the @option{-i} option is used and the code at the given address is
-present there because of inlining by the compiler then the
-@samp{@{FUNCTIONNAME@} FILENAME:LINENO} information for the inlining
-function will be displayed afterwards. This continues recursively
-until there is no more inlining to report.
-
-If the @option{-a} option is used then the output is prefixed by the
-input address.
-
-If the @option{-p} option is used then the output for each input
-address is displayed on one, possibly quite long, line. If
-@option{-p} is not used then the output is broken up into multiple
-lines, based on the paragraphs above.
+present there because of inlining by the compiler then additional
+lines are displayed afterwards. One or two extra lines (if the
+@option{-f} option is used) are displayed for each inlined function.
+
+Alternatively if the @option{-p} option is used then each input
+address generates a single, long, output line containing the address,
+the function name, the file name and the line number. If the
+@option{-i} option has also been used then any inlined functions will
+be displayed in the same manner, but on separate lines, and prefixed
+by the text @samp{(inlined by)}.
If the file name or function name can not be determined,
@command{addr2line} will print two question marks in their place. If the
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