/* strings -- print the strings of printable characters in files
- Copyright 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001,
- 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ Copyright (C) 1993-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
- 02111-1307, USA. */
+ Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+ 02110-1301, USA. */
\f
/* Usage: strings [options] file...
Options:
--all
-a
- - Do not scan only the initialized data section of object files.
+ - Scan each file in its entirety.
+
+ --data
+ -d Scan only the initialized data section(s) of object files.
--print-file-name
-f Print the name of the file before each string.
-t {o,x,d} Print the offset within the file before each string,
in octal/hex/decimal.
+ --include-all-whitespace
+ -w By default tab and space are the only whitepace included in graphic
+ char sequences. This option considers all of isspace() valid.
+
-o Like -to. (Some other implementations have -o like -to,
others like -td. We chose one arbitrarily.)
littleendian 32-bit.
--target=BFDNAME
+ -T {bfdname}
Specify a non-default object file format.
+ --output-separator=sep_string
+ -s sep_string String used to separate parsed strings in output.
+ Default is newline.
+
--help
-h Print the usage message on the standard output.
--version
+ -V
-v Print the program version number.
Written by Richard Stallman <rms@gnu.ai.mit.edu>
and David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu>. */
-#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
-#include "config.h"
-#endif
+#include "sysdep.h"
#include "bfd.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
#include "getopt.h"
-#include <errno.h>
-#include "bucomm.h"
#include "libiberty.h"
#include "safe-ctype.h"
-
-/* Some platforms need to put stdin into binary mode, to read
- binary files. */
-#ifdef HAVE_SETMODE
-#ifndef O_BINARY
-#ifdef _O_BINARY
-#define O_BINARY _O_BINARY
-#define setmode _setmode
-#else
-#define O_BINARY 0
-#endif
-#endif
-#if O_BINARY
-#include <io.h>
-#define SET_BINARY(f) do { if (!isatty (f)) setmode (f,O_BINARY); } while (0)
-#endif
-#endif
+#include "bucomm.h"
#define STRING_ISGRAPHIC(c) \
( (c) >= 0 \
&& (c) <= 255 \
- && ((c) == '\t' || ISPRINT (c) || (encoding == 'S' && (c) > 127)))
+ && ((c) == '\t' || ISPRINT (c) || (encoding == 'S' && (c) > 127) \
+ || (include_all_whitespace && ISSPACE (c))) \
+ )
#ifndef errno
extern int errno;
/* The BFD section flags that identify an initialized data section. */
#define DATA_FLAGS (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS)
-#ifdef HAVE_FOPEN64
-typedef off64_t file_off;
-#define file_open(s,m) fopen64(s, m)
-#else
-typedef off_t file_off;
-#define file_open(s,m) fopen(s, m)
-#endif
-
/* Radix for printing addresses (must be 8, 10 or 16). */
static int address_radix;
/* Minimum length of sequence of graphic chars to trigger output. */
static int string_min;
+/* Whether or not we include all whitespace as a graphic char. */
+static bfd_boolean include_all_whitespace;
+
/* TRUE means print address within file for each string. */
static bfd_boolean print_addresses;
/* TRUE means for object files scan only the data section. */
static bfd_boolean datasection_only;
-/* TRUE if we found an initialized data section in the current file. */
-static bfd_boolean got_a_section;
-
/* The BFD object file format. */
static char *target;
static char encoding;
static int encoding_bytes;
+/* Output string used to separate parsed strings */
+static char *output_separator;
+
static struct option long_options[] =
{
{"all", no_argument, NULL, 'a'},
+ {"data", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
{"print-file-name", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
{"bytes", required_argument, NULL, 'n'},
{"radix", required_argument, NULL, 't'},
+ {"include-all-whitespace", no_argument, NULL, 'w'},
{"encoding", required_argument, NULL, 'e'},
{"target", required_argument, NULL, 'T'},
+ {"output-separator", required_argument, NULL, 's'},
{"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
{"version", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
{NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
};
-static void strings_a_section
- PARAMS ((bfd *, asection *, PTR));
-static bfd_boolean strings_object_file
- PARAMS ((const char *));
-static bfd_boolean strings_file
- PARAMS ((char *file));
-static int integer_arg
- PARAMS ((char *s));
-static void print_strings
- PARAMS ((const char *, FILE *, file_off, int, int, char *));
-static void usage
- PARAMS ((FILE *, int));
-static long get_char
- PARAMS ((FILE *, file_off *, int *, char **));
+static bfd_boolean strings_file (char *);
+static void print_strings (const char *, FILE *, file_ptr, int, int, char *);
+static void usage (FILE *, int) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
\f
-int main
- PARAMS ((int, char **));
+int main (int, char **);
int
-main (argc, argv)
- int argc;
- char **argv;
+main (int argc, char **argv)
{
int optc;
int exit_status = 0;
bfd_boolean files_given = FALSE;
+ char *s;
+ int numeric_opt = 0;
#if defined (HAVE_SETLOCALE)
setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
program_name = argv[0];
xmalloc_set_program_name (program_name);
- string_min = -1;
+ bfd_set_error_program_name (program_name);
+
+ expandargv (&argc, &argv);
+
+ string_min = 4;
+ include_all_whitespace = FALSE;
print_addresses = FALSE;
print_filenames = FALSE;
- datasection_only = TRUE;
+ if (DEFAULT_STRINGS_ALL)
+ datasection_only = FALSE;
+ else
+ datasection_only = TRUE;
target = NULL;
encoding = 's';
+ output_separator = NULL;
- while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "afhHn:ot:e:Vv0123456789",
+ while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "adfhHn:wot:e:T:s:Vv0123456789",
long_options, (int *) 0)) != EOF)
{
switch (optc)
datasection_only = FALSE;
break;
+ case 'd':
+ datasection_only = TRUE;
+ break;
+
case 'f':
print_filenames = TRUE;
break;
usage (stdout, 0);
case 'n':
- string_min = integer_arg (optarg);
- if (string_min < 1)
- fatal (_("invalid number %s"), optarg);
+ string_min = (int) strtoul (optarg, &s, 0);
+ if (s != NULL && *s != 0)
+ fatal (_("invalid integer argument %s"), optarg);
+ break;
+
+ case 'w':
+ include_all_whitespace = TRUE;
break;
case 'o':
encoding = optarg[0];
break;
+ case 's':
+ output_separator = optarg;
+ break;
+
case 'V':
case 'v':
print_version ("strings");
usage (stderr, 1);
default:
- if (string_min < 0)
- string_min = optc - '0';
- else
- string_min = string_min * 10 + optc - '0';
+ numeric_opt = optind;
break;
}
}
- if (string_min < 0)
- string_min = 4;
+ if (numeric_opt != 0)
+ {
+ string_min = (int) strtoul (argv[numeric_opt - 1] + 1, &s, 0);
+ if (s != NULL && *s != 0)
+ fatal (_("invalid integer argument %s"), argv[numeric_opt - 1] + 1);
+ }
+ if (string_min < 1)
+ fatal (_("invalid minimum string length %d"), string_min);
switch (encoding)
{
usage (stderr, 1);
}
- bfd_init ();
+ if (bfd_init () != BFD_INIT_MAGIC)
+ fatal (_("fatal error: libbfd ABI mismatch"));
set_default_bfd_target ();
if (optind >= argc)
{
datasection_only = FALSE;
-#ifdef SET_BINARY
SET_BINARY (fileno (stdin));
-#endif
print_strings ("{standard input}", stdin, 0, 0, 0, (char *) NULL);
files_given = TRUE;
}
else
{
files_given = TRUE;
- exit_status |= strings_file (argv[optind]) == FALSE;
+ exit_status |= !strings_file (argv[optind]);
}
}
}
return (exit_status);
}
\f
-/* Scan section SECT of the file ABFD, whose printable name is FILE.
- If it contains initialized data,
- set `got_a_section' and print the strings in it. */
+/* Scan section SECT of the file ABFD, whose printable name is
+ FILENAME. If it contains initialized data set GOT_A_SECTION and
+ print the strings in it. */
static void
-strings_a_section (abfd, sect, filearg)
- bfd *abfd;
- asection *sect;
- PTR filearg;
+strings_a_section (bfd *abfd, asection *sect, const char *filename,
+ bfd_boolean *got_a_section)
{
- const char *file = (const char *) filearg;
+ bfd_size_type sectsize;
+ bfd_byte *mem;
- if ((sect->flags & DATA_FLAGS) == DATA_FLAGS)
- {
- bfd_size_type sz = bfd_get_section_size_before_reloc (sect);
- PTR mem = xmalloc (sz);
+ if ((sect->flags & DATA_FLAGS) != DATA_FLAGS)
+ return;
- if (bfd_get_section_contents (abfd, sect, mem, (file_ptr) 0, sz))
- {
- got_a_section = TRUE;
- print_strings (file, (FILE *) NULL, sect->filepos, 0, sz, mem);
- }
- free (mem);
+ sectsize = bfd_section_size (sect);
+ if (sectsize == 0)
+ return;
+
+ if (!bfd_malloc_and_get_section (abfd, sect, &mem))
+ {
+ non_fatal (_("%s: Reading section %s failed: %s"),
+ filename, sect->name, bfd_errmsg (bfd_get_error ()));
+ return;
}
+
+ *got_a_section = TRUE;
+ print_strings (filename, NULL, sect->filepos, 0, sectsize, (char *) mem);
+ free (mem);
}
/* Scan all of the sections in FILE, and print the strings
FALSE if not (such as if FILE is not an object file). */
static bfd_boolean
-strings_object_file (file)
- const char *file;
+strings_object_file (const char *file)
{
- bfd *abfd = bfd_openr (file, target);
+ bfd *abfd;
+ asection *s;
+ bfd_boolean got_a_section;
+
+ abfd = bfd_openr (file, target);
if (abfd == NULL)
/* Treat the file as a non-object file. */
}
got_a_section = FALSE;
- bfd_map_over_sections (abfd, strings_a_section, (PTR) file);
+ for (s = abfd->sections; s != NULL; s = s->next)
+ strings_a_section (abfd, s, file, &got_a_section);
if (!bfd_close (abfd))
{
/* Print the strings in FILE. Return TRUE if ok, FALSE if an error occurs. */
static bfd_boolean
-strings_file (file)
- char *file;
+strings_file (char *file)
{
+ struct stat st;
+
+ /* get_file_size does not support non-S_ISREG files. */
+
+ if (stat (file, &st) < 0)
+ {
+ if (errno == ENOENT)
+ non_fatal (_("'%s': No such file"), file);
+ else
+ non_fatal (_("Warning: could not locate '%s'. reason: %s"),
+ file, strerror (errno));
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ else if (S_ISDIR (st.st_mode))
+ {
+ non_fatal (_("Warning: '%s' is a directory"), file);
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+
/* If we weren't told to scan the whole file,
try to open it as an object file and only look at
initialized data sections. If that fails, fall back to the
{
FILE *stream;
- stream = file_open (file, FOPEN_RB);
+ stream = fopen (file, FOPEN_RB);
if (stream == NULL)
{
fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", program_name);
return FALSE;
}
- print_strings (file, stream, (file_off) 0, 0, 0, (char *) 0);
+ print_strings (file, stream, (file_ptr) 0, 0, 0, (char *) 0);
if (fclose (stream) == EOF)
{
MAGICCOUNT is how many characters are in it. */
static long
-get_char (stream, address, magiccount, magic)
- FILE *stream;
- file_off *address;
- int *magiccount;
- char **magic;
+get_char (FILE *stream, file_ptr *address, int *magiccount, char **magic)
{
int c, i;
- long r = EOF;
- unsigned char buf[4];
+ long r = 0;
for (i = 0; i < encoding_bytes; i++)
{
{
if (stream == NULL)
return EOF;
-#ifdef HAVE_GETC_UNLOCKED
+
+ /* Only use getc_unlocked if we found a declaration for it.
+ Otherwise, libc is not thread safe by default, and we
+ should not use it. */
+
+#if defined(HAVE_GETC_UNLOCKED) && HAVE_DECL_GETC_UNLOCKED
c = getc_unlocked (stream);
#else
c = getc (stream);
}
(*address)++;
- buf[i] = c;
+ r = (r << 8) | (c & 0xff);
}
switch (encoding)
{
- case 'S':
- case 's':
- r = buf[0];
- break;
- case 'b':
- r = (buf[0] << 8) | buf[1];
+ default:
break;
case 'l':
- r = buf[0] | (buf[1] << 8);
- break;
- case 'B':
- r = ((long) buf[0] << 24) | ((long) buf[1] << 16) |
- ((long) buf[2] << 8) | buf[3];
+ r = ((r & 0xff) << 8) | ((r & 0xff00) >> 8);
break;
case 'L':
- r = buf[0] | ((long) buf[1] << 8) | ((long) buf[2] << 16) |
- ((long) buf[3] << 24);
+ r = (((r & 0xff) << 24) | ((r & 0xff00) << 8)
+ | ((r & 0xff0000) >> 8) | ((r & 0xff000000) >> 24));
break;
}
- if (r == EOF)
- return 0;
-
return r;
}
+
+/* Throw away one byte of a (possibly) multi-byte char C, updating
+ address and buffer to suit. */
+
+static void
+unget_part_char (long c, file_ptr *address, int *magiccount, char **magic)
+{
+ static char tmp[4];
+
+ if (encoding_bytes > 1)
+ {
+ *address -= encoding_bytes - 1;
+
+ if (*magiccount == 0)
+ {
+ /* If no magic buffer exists, use temp buffer. */
+ switch (encoding)
+ {
+ default:
+ break;
+ case 'b':
+ tmp[0] = c & 0xff;
+ *magiccount = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'l':
+ tmp[0] = (c >> 8) & 0xff;
+ *magiccount = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'B':
+ tmp[0] = (c >> 16) & 0xff;
+ tmp[1] = (c >> 8) & 0xff;
+ tmp[2] = c & 0xff;
+ *magiccount = 3;
+ break;
+ case 'L':
+ tmp[0] = (c >> 8) & 0xff;
+ tmp[1] = (c >> 16) & 0xff;
+ tmp[2] = (c >> 24) & 0xff;
+ *magiccount = 3;
+ break;
+ }
+ *magic = tmp;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* If magic buffer exists, rewind. */
+ *magic -= encoding_bytes - 1;
+ *magiccount += encoding_bytes - 1;
+ }
+ }
+}
\f
/* Find the strings in file FILENAME, read from STREAM.
Assume that STREAM is positioned so that the next byte read
Those characters come at address ADDRESS and the data in STREAM follow. */
static void
-print_strings (filename, stream, address, stop_point, magiccount, magic)
- const char *filename;
- FILE *stream;
- file_off address;
- int stop_point;
- int magiccount;
- char *magic;
+print_strings (const char *filename, FILE *stream, file_ptr address,
+ int stop_point, int magiccount, char *magic)
{
char *buf = (char *) xmalloc (sizeof (char) * (string_min + 1));
while (1)
{
- file_off start;
+ file_ptr start;
int i;
long c;
{
c = get_char (stream, &address, &magiccount, &magic);
if (c == EOF)
- return;
+ {
+ free (buf);
+ return;
+ }
+
if (! STRING_ISGRAPHIC (c))
- /* Found a non-graphic. Try again starting with next char. */
- goto tryline;
+ {
+ /* Found a non-graphic. Try again starting with next byte. */
+ unget_part_char (c, &address, &magiccount, &magic);
+ goto tryline;
+ }
buf[i] = c;
}
/* We found a run of `string_min' graphic characters. Print up
- to the next non-graphic character. */
+ to the next non-graphic character. */
if (print_filenames)
printf ("%s: ", filename);
switch (address_radix)
{
case 8:
-#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L || (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 2)
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
if (sizeof (start) > sizeof (long))
- printf ("%7Lo ", (unsigned long long) start);
- else
-#else
-# if !BFD_HOST_64BIT_LONG
- if (start != (unsigned long) start)
- printf ("++%7lo ", (unsigned long) start);
- else
+ {
+# ifndef __MSVCRT__
+ printf ("%7llo ", (unsigned long long) start);
+# else
+ printf ("%7I64o ", (unsigned long long) start);
# endif
+ }
+ else
+#elif !BFD_HOST_64BIT_LONG
+ if (start != (unsigned long) start)
+ printf ("++%7lo ", (unsigned long) start);
+ else
#endif
- printf ("%7lo ", (unsigned long) start);
+ printf ("%7lo ", (unsigned long) start);
break;
case 10:
-#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L || (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 2)
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
if (sizeof (start) > sizeof (long))
- printf ("%7Ld ", (unsigned long long) start);
- else
-#else
-# if !BFD_HOST_64BIT_LONG
- if (start != (unsigned long) start)
- printf ("++%7ld ", (unsigned long) start);
- else
+ {
+# ifndef __MSVCRT__
+ printf ("%7llu ", (unsigned long long) start);
+# else
+ printf ("%7I64d ", (unsigned long long) start);
# endif
+ }
+ else
+#elif !BFD_HOST_64BIT_LONG
+ if (start != (unsigned long) start)
+ printf ("++%7lu ", (unsigned long) start);
+ else
#endif
- printf ("%7ld ", (long) start);
+ printf ("%7ld ", (long) start);
break;
case 16:
-#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L || (defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 2)
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
if (sizeof (start) > sizeof (long))
- printf ("%7Lx ", (unsigned long long) start);
- else
-#else
-# if !BFD_HOST_64BIT_LONG
- if (start != (unsigned long) start)
- printf ("%lx%8.8lx ", start >> 32, start & 0xffffffff);
- else
+ {
+# ifndef __MSVCRT__
+ printf ("%7llx ", (unsigned long long) start);
+# else
+ printf ("%7I64x ", (unsigned long long) start);
# endif
+ }
+ else
+#elif !BFD_HOST_64BIT_LONG
+ if (start != (unsigned long) start)
+ printf ("%lx%8.8lx ", (unsigned long) (start >> 32),
+ (unsigned long) (start & 0xffffffff));
+ else
#endif
- printf ("%7lx ", (unsigned long) start);
+ printf ("%7lx ", (unsigned long) start);
break;
}
if (c == EOF)
break;
if (! STRING_ISGRAPHIC (c))
- break;
+ {
+ unget_part_char (c, &address, &magiccount, &magic);
+ break;
+ }
putchar (c);
}
- putchar ('\n');
- }
-}
-\f
-/* Parse string S as an integer, using decimal radix by default,
- but allowing octal and hex numbers as in C. */
-
-static int
-integer_arg (s)
- char *s;
-{
- int value;
- int radix = 10;
- char *p = s;
- int c;
-
- if (*p != '0')
- radix = 10;
- else if (*++p == 'x')
- {
- radix = 16;
- p++;
- }
- else
- radix = 8;
-
- value = 0;
- while (((c = *p++) >= '0' && c <= '9')
- || (radix == 16 && (c & ~40) >= 'A' && (c & ~40) <= 'Z'))
- {
- value *= radix;
- if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
- value += c - '0';
+ if (output_separator)
+ fputs (output_separator, stdout);
else
- value += (c & ~40) - 'A';
+ putchar ('\n');
}
-
- if (c == 'b')
- value *= 512;
- else if (c == 'B')
- value *= 1024;
- else
- p--;
-
- if (*p)
- fatal (_("invalid integer argument %s"), s);
-
- return value;
+ free (buf);
}
-
+\f
static void
-usage (stream, status)
- FILE *stream;
- int status;
+usage (FILE *stream, int status)
{
fprintf (stream, _("Usage: %s [option(s)] [file(s)]\n"), program_name);
fprintf (stream, _(" Display printable strings in [file(s)] (stdin by default)\n"));
- fprintf (stream, _(" The options are:\n\
+ fprintf (stream, _(" The options are:\n"));
+
+ if (DEFAULT_STRINGS_ALL)
+ fprintf (stream, _("\
+ -a - --all Scan the entire file, not just the data section [default]\n\
+ -d --data Only scan the data sections in the file\n"));
+ else
+ fprintf (stream, _("\
-a - --all Scan the entire file, not just the data section\n\
+ -d --data Only scan the data sections in the file [default]\n"));
+
+ fprintf (stream, _("\
-f --print-file-name Print the name of the file before each string\n\
-n --bytes=[number] Locate & print any NUL-terminated sequence of at\n\
- -<number> least [number] characters (default 4).\n\
- -t --radix={o,x,d} Print the location of the string in base 8, 10 or 16\n\
+ -<number> least [number] characters (default 4).\n\
+ -t --radix={o,d,x} Print the location of the string in base 8, 10 or 16\n\
+ -w --include-all-whitespace Include all whitespace as valid string characters\n\
-o An alias for --radix=o\n\
-T --target=<BFDNAME> Specify the binary file format\n\
-e --encoding={s,S,b,l,B,L} Select character size and endianness:\n\
s = 7-bit, S = 8-bit, {b,l} = 16-bit, {B,L} = 32-bit\n\
+ -s --output-separator=<string> String used to separate strings in output.\n\
+ @<file> Read options from <file>\n\
-h --help Display this information\n\
- -v --version Print the program's version number\n"));
+ -v -V --version Print the program's version number\n"));
list_supported_targets (program_name, stream);
- if (status == 0)
+ if (REPORT_BUGS_TO[0] && status == 0)
fprintf (stream, _("Report bugs to %s\n"), REPORT_BUGS_TO);
exit (status);
}