-@c Copyright 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright 2002-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c This is part of the GAS manual.
@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo.
@ifset GENERIC
* MSP430 Floating Point:: Floating Point
* MSP430 Directives:: MSP 430 Machine Directives
* MSP430 Opcodes:: Opcodes
+* MSP430 Profiling Capability:: Profiling Capability
@end menu
@node MSP430 Options
@section Options
@cindex MSP 430 options (none)
@cindex options for MSP430 (none)
-@code{@value{AS}} has only -m flag which selects the mpu arch. Currently has
-no effect.
+@table @code
+
+@item -m
+select the mpu arch. Currently has no effect.
+@item -mP
+enables polymorph instructions handler.
+
+@item -mQ
+enables relaxation at assembly time. DANGEROUS!
+
+@item -ml
+indicates that the input uses the large code model.
+
+@item -mN
+disables the generation of a NOP instruction following any instruction
+that might change the interrupts enabled/disabled state. For the
+MSP430x5xx series the instructions: @code{EINT}, @code{DINT}, @code{BIC
+#8, SR}, @code{BIS #8, SR} and @code{MOV.W <>, SR} must be followed by
+a NOP instruction in order to ensure the correct processing of
+interrupts. By default generation of the NOP instruction happens
+automatically, but this command line option disables this behaviour.
+It is then up to the programmer to ensure that interrupts are enabled
+and disabled correctly.
+
+@end table
@node MSP430 Syntax
@section Syntax
@table @code
-@item llo(exp)
+@item llo(exp)
Extracts least significant word from 32-bit expression 'exp'.
@item lhi(exp)
@item hlo(exp)
Extracts 3rd word from 64-bit expression 'exp'.
-@item hhi(exp)
+@item hhi(exp)
Extracts 4rd word from 64-bit expression 'exp'.
@end table
They normally being used as an immediate source operand.
@smallexample
- mov #llo(1), r10 ; == mov #1, r10
+ mov #llo(1), r10 ; == mov #1, r10
mov #lhi(1), r10 ; == mov #0, r10
@end smallexample
-
+
@node MSP430-Chars
@subsection Special Characters
@cindex line comment character, MSP 430
@cindex MSP 430 line comment character
-@samp{;} is the line comment character.
+A semicolon (@samp{;}) appearing anywhere on a line starts a comment
+that extends to the end of that line.
+
+If a @samp{#} appears as the first character of a line then the whole
+line is treated as a comment, but it can also be a logical line number
+directive (@pxref{Comments}) or a preprocessor control command
+(@pxref{Preprocessing}).
+
+@cindex line separator, MSP 430
+@cindex statement separator, MSP 430
+@cindex MSP 430 line separator
+Multiple statements can appear on the same line provided that they are
+separated by the @samp{@{} character.
@cindex identifiers, MSP 430
@cindex MSP 430 identifiers
-The character @samp{$} in jump instructions indicates current location and
+The character @samp{$} in jump instructions indicates current location and
implemented only for TI syntax compatibility.
@node MSP430-Regs
@end table
+Also, there are some instructions, which cannot be found in other assemblers.
+These are branch instructions, which has different opcodes upon jump distance.
+They all got PC relative addressing mode.
+
+@table @code
+@item beq label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jeq label} in case if jump distance
+within allowed range for cpu's jump instruction. If not, this unrolls into
+a sequence of
+@smallexample
+ jne $+6
+ br label
+@end smallexample
+
+@item bne label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jne label} or @samp{jeq +4; br label}
+
+@item blt label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jl label} or @samp{jge +4; br label}
+
+@item bltn label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jn label} or @samp{jn +2; jmp +4; br label}
+
+@item bltu label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jlo label} or @samp{jhs +2; br label}
+
+@item bge label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jge label} or @samp{jl +4; br label}
+
+@item bgeu label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jhs label} or @samp{jlo +4; br label}
+
+@item bgt label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jeq +2; jge label} or @samp{jeq +6; jl +4; br label}
+
+@item bgtu label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jeq +2; jhs label} or @samp{jeq +6; jlo +4; br label}
+
+@item bleu label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jeq label; jlo label} or @samp{jeq +2; jhs +4; br label}
+
+@item ble label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jeq label; jl label} or @samp{jeq +2; jge +4; br label}
+
+@item jump label
+A polymorph instruction which is @samp{jmp label} or @samp{br label}
+@end table
+
@node MSP430 Floating Point
@section Floating Point
Currently this directive is ignored; it is accepted for compatibility with other
MSP 430 assemblers.
+@cindex @code{profiler} directive, MSP 430
+@item .profiler
+This directive instructs assembler to add new profile entry to the object file.
+
@end table
@node MSP430 Opcodes
additional pseudo-instructions are needed on this family.
For information on the 430 machine instruction set, see @cite{MSP430
-User's Manual, document slau049b}, Texas Instrument, Inc.
+User's Manual, document slau049d}, Texas Instrument, Inc.
+
+@node MSP430 Profiling Capability
+@section Profiling Capability
+
+@cindex MSP 430 profiling capability
+@cindex profiling capability for MSP 430
+It is a performance hit to use gcc's profiling approach for this tiny target.
+Even more -- jtag hardware facility does not perform any profiling functions.
+However we've got gdb's built-in simulator where we can do anything.
+
+We define new section @samp{.profiler} which holds all profiling information.
+We define new pseudo operation @samp{.profiler} which will instruct assembler to
+add new profile entry to the object file. Profile should take place at the
+present address.
+
+Pseudo operation format:
+
+@samp{.profiler flags,function_to_profile [, cycle_corrector, extra]}
+
+
+where:
+
+@table @code
+
+@table @code
+
+@samp{flags} is a combination of the following characters:
+
+@item s
+function entry
+@item x
+function exit
+@item i
+function is in init section
+@item f
+function is in fini section
+@item l
+library call
+@item c
+libc standard call
+@item d
+stack value demand
+@item I
+interrupt service routine
+@item P
+prologue start
+@item p
+prologue end
+@item E
+epilogue start
+@item e
+epilogue end
+@item j
+long jump / sjlj unwind
+@item a
+an arbitrary code fragment
+@item t
+extra parameter saved (a constant value like frame size)
+@end table
+
+@item function_to_profile
+a function address
+@item cycle_corrector
+a value which should be added to the cycle counter, zero if omitted.
+@item extra
+any extra parameter, zero if omitted.
+
+@end table
+
+For example:
+@smallexample
+.global fxx
+.type fxx,@@function
+fxx:
+.LFrameOffset_fxx=0x08
+.profiler "scdP", fxx ; function entry.
+ ; we also demand stack value to be saved
+ push r11
+ push r10
+ push r9
+ push r8
+.profiler "cdpt",fxx,0, .LFrameOffset_fxx ; check stack value at this point
+ ; (this is a prologue end)
+ ; note, that spare var filled with
+ ; the farme size
+ mov r15,r8
+...
+.profiler cdE,fxx ; check stack
+ pop r8
+ pop r9
+ pop r10
+ pop r11
+.profiler xcde,fxx,3 ; exit adds 3 to the cycle counter
+ ret ; cause 'ret' insn takes 3 cycles
+@end smallexample
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