/* Support routines for building symbol tables in GDB's internal format.
- Copyright (C) 1986-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ Copyright (C) 1986-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GDB.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
-/* This module provides subroutines used for creating and adding to
- the symbol table. These routines are called from various symbol-
- file-reading routines.
-
- Routines to support specific debugging information formats (stabs,
- DWARF, etc) belong somewhere else.
-
- The basic way this module is used is as follows:
-
- buildsym_init ();
- scoped_free_pendings free_pending;
- cust = start_symtab (...);
- ... read debug info ...
- cust = end_symtab (...);
-
- The compunit symtab pointer ("cust") is returned from both start_symtab
- and end_symtab to simplify the debug info readers.
-
- There are minor variations on this, e.g., dwarf2read.c splits end_symtab
- into two calls: end_symtab_get_static_block, end_symtab_from_static_block,
- but all debug info readers follow this basic flow.
-
- Reading DWARF Type Units is another variation:
-
- buildsym_init ();
- scoped_free_pendings free_pending;
- cust = start_symtab (...);
- ... read debug info ...
- cust = end_expandable_symtab (...);
-
- And then reading subsequent Type Units within the containing "Comp Unit"
- will use a second flow:
-
- buildsym_init ();
- scoped_free_pendings free_pending;
- cust = restart_symtab (...);
- ... read debug info ...
- cust = augment_type_symtab (...);
-
- dbxread.c and xcoffread.c use another variation:
-
- buildsym_init ();
- scoped_free_pendings free_pending;
- cust = start_symtab (...);
- ... read debug info ...
- cust = end_symtab (...);
- ... start_symtab + read + end_symtab repeated ...
-*/
-
#include "defs.h"
+#include "buildsym-legacy.h"
#include "bfd.h"
#include "gdb_obstack.h"
#include "symtab.h"
#include "gdbtypes.h"
#include "complaints.h"
#include "expression.h" /* For "enum exp_opcode" used by... */
-#include "bcache.h"
#include "filenames.h" /* For DOSish file names. */
#include "macrotab.h"
#include "demangle.h" /* Needed by SYMBOL_INIT_DEMANGLED_NAME. */
#include "addrmap.h"
#include <algorithm>
-/* Ask buildsym.h to define the vars it normally declares `extern'. */
-#define EXTERN
-/**/
-#include "buildsym.h" /* Our own declarations. */
-#undef EXTERN
-
/* For cleanup_undefined_stabs_types and finish_global_stabs (somewhat
questionable--see comment where we call them). */
#include "stabsread.h"
-/* Buildsym's counterpart to struct compunit_symtab.
- TODO(dje): Move all related global state into here. */
-
-struct buildsym_compunit
-{
- /* Start recording information about a primary source file (IOW, not an
- included source file).
- COMP_DIR is the directory in which the compilation unit was compiled
- (or NULL if not known). */
-
- buildsym_compunit (struct objfile *objfile_, const char *name,
- const char *comp_dir_, enum language language_)
- : objfile (objfile_),
- m_last_source_file (name == nullptr ? nullptr : xstrdup (name)),
- comp_dir (comp_dir_ == nullptr ? nullptr : xstrdup (comp_dir_)),
- language (language_)
- {
- }
-
- ~buildsym_compunit ()
- {
- struct subfile *subfile, *nextsub;
-
- if (m_pending_macros != nullptr)
- free_macro_table (m_pending_macros);
-
- for (subfile = subfiles;
- subfile != NULL;
- subfile = nextsub)
- {
- nextsub = subfile->next;
- xfree (subfile->name);
- xfree (subfile->line_vector);
- xfree (subfile);
- }
- }
-
- void set_last_source_file (const char *name)
- {
- char *new_name = name == NULL ? NULL : xstrdup (name);
- m_last_source_file.reset (new_name);
- }
-
- struct macro_table *get_macro_table ()
- {
- if (m_pending_macros == nullptr)
- m_pending_macros = new_macro_table (&objfile->per_bfd->storage_obstack,
- objfile->per_bfd->macro_cache,
- compunit_symtab);
- return m_pending_macros;
- }
-
- struct macro_table *release_macros ()
- {
- struct macro_table *result = m_pending_macros;
- m_pending_macros = nullptr;
- return result;
- }
-
- /* The objfile we're reading debug info from. */
- struct objfile *objfile;
-
- /* List of subfiles (source files).
- Files are added to the front of the list.
- This is important mostly for the language determination hacks we use,
- which iterate over previously added files. */
- struct subfile *subfiles = nullptr;
-
- /* The subfile of the main source file. */
- struct subfile *main_subfile = nullptr;
-
- /* Name of source file whose symbol data we are now processing. This
- comes from a symbol of type N_SO for stabs. For DWARF it comes
- from the DW_AT_name attribute of a DW_TAG_compile_unit DIE. */
- gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char> m_last_source_file;
-
- /* E.g., DW_AT_comp_dir if DWARF. Space for this is malloc'd. */
- gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char> comp_dir;
-
- /* Space for this is not malloc'd, and is assumed to have at least
- the same lifetime as objfile. */
- const char *producer = nullptr;
-
- /* Space for this is not malloc'd, and is assumed to have at least
- the same lifetime as objfile. */
- const char *debugformat = nullptr;
-
- /* The compunit we are building. */
- struct compunit_symtab *compunit_symtab = nullptr;
-
- /* Language of this compunit_symtab. */
- enum language language;
-
- /* The macro table for the compilation unit whose symbols we're
- currently reading. */
- struct macro_table *m_pending_macros = nullptr;
-};
-
-/* The work-in-progress of the compunit we are building.
- This is created first, before any subfiles by start_symtab. */
-
-static struct buildsym_compunit *buildsym_compunit;
-
-/* List of free `struct pending' structures for reuse. */
-
-static struct pending *free_pendings;
-
-/* Non-zero if symtab has line number info. This prevents an
- otherwise empty symtab from being tossed. */
-
-static int have_line_numbers;
-
-/* The mutable address map for the compilation unit whose symbols
- we're currently reading. The symtabs' shared blockvector will
- point to a fixed copy of this. */
-static struct addrmap *pending_addrmap;
-
-/* The obstack on which we allocate pending_addrmap.
- If pending_addrmap is NULL, this is uninitialized; otherwise, it is
- initialized (and holds pending_addrmap). */
-static struct obstack pending_addrmap_obstack;
-
-/* Non-zero if we recorded any ranges in the addrmap that are
- different from those in the blockvector already. We set this to
- zero when we start processing a symfile, and if it's still zero at
- the end, then we just toss the addrmap. */
-static int pending_addrmap_interesting;
-
-/* An obstack used for allocating pending blocks. */
-
-static struct obstack pending_block_obstack;
-
/* List of blocks already made (lexical contexts already closed).
This is used at the end to make the blockvector. */
struct block *block;
};
-/* Pointer to the head of a linked list of symbol blocks which have
- already been finalized (lexical contexts already closed) and which
- are just waiting to be built into a blockvector when finalizing the
- associated symtab. */
+/* Initial sizes of data structures. These are realloc'd larger if
+ needed, and realloc'd down to the size actually used, when
+ completed. */
-static struct pending_block *pending_blocks;
+#define INITIAL_LINE_VECTOR_LENGTH 1000
+\f
-struct subfile_stack
- {
- struct subfile_stack *next;
- char *name;
- };
+buildsym_compunit::buildsym_compunit (struct objfile *objfile_,
+ const char *name,
+ const char *comp_dir_,
+ enum language language_,
+ CORE_ADDR last_addr)
+ : m_objfile (objfile_),
+ m_last_source_file (name == nullptr ? nullptr : xstrdup (name)),
+ m_comp_dir (comp_dir_ == nullptr ? nullptr : xstrdup (comp_dir_)),
+ m_language (language_),
+ m_last_source_start_addr (last_addr)
+{
+ /* Allocate the compunit symtab now. The caller needs it to allocate
+ non-primary symtabs. It is also needed by get_macro_table. */
+ m_compunit_symtab = allocate_compunit_symtab (m_objfile, name);
-static struct subfile_stack *subfile_stack;
+ /* Build the subfile for NAME (the main source file) so that we can record
+ a pointer to it for later.
+ IMPORTANT: Do not allocate a struct symtab for NAME here.
+ It can happen that the debug info provides a different path to NAME than
+ DIRNAME,NAME. We cope with this in watch_main_source_file_lossage but
+ that only works if the main_subfile doesn't have a symtab yet. */
+ start_subfile (name);
+ /* Save this so that we don't have to go looking for it at the end
+ of the subfiles list. */
+ m_main_subfile = m_current_subfile;
+}
-static void free_buildsym_compunit (void);
+buildsym_compunit::~buildsym_compunit ()
+{
+ struct subfile *subfile, *nextsub;
-static int compare_line_numbers (const void *ln1p, const void *ln2p);
+ if (m_pending_macros != nullptr)
+ free_macro_table (m_pending_macros);
-static void record_pending_block (struct objfile *objfile,
- struct block *block,
- struct pending_block *opblock);
+ for (subfile = m_subfiles;
+ subfile != NULL;
+ subfile = nextsub)
+ {
+ nextsub = subfile->next;
+ xfree (subfile->name);
+ xfree (subfile->line_vector);
+ xfree (subfile);
+ }
-/* Initial sizes of data structures. These are realloc'd larger if
- needed, and realloc'd down to the size actually used, when
- completed. */
+ struct pending *next, *next1;
-#define INITIAL_CONTEXT_STACK_SIZE 10
-#define INITIAL_LINE_VECTOR_LENGTH 1000
-\f
+ for (next = m_file_symbols; next != NULL; next = next1)
+ {
+ next1 = next->next;
+ xfree ((void *) next);
+ }
+
+ for (next = m_global_symbols; next != NULL; next = next1)
+ {
+ next1 = next->next;
+ xfree ((void *) next);
+ }
+}
+
+struct macro_table *
+buildsym_compunit::get_macro_table ()
+{
+ if (m_pending_macros == nullptr)
+ m_pending_macros = new_macro_table (&m_objfile->per_bfd->storage_obstack,
+ &m_objfile->per_bfd->macro_cache,
+ m_compunit_symtab);
+ return m_pending_macros;
+}
/* Maintain the lists of symbols and blocks. */
struct pending *link;
/* If this is an alias for another symbol, don't add it. */
- if (symbol->ginfo.name && symbol->ginfo.name[0] == '#')
+ if (symbol->name && symbol->name[0] == '#')
return;
/* We keep PENDINGSIZE symbols in each link of the list. If we
don't have a link with room in it, add a new link. */
if (*listhead == NULL || (*listhead)->nsyms == PENDINGSIZE)
{
- if (free_pendings)
- {
- link = free_pendings;
- free_pendings = link->next;
- }
- else
- {
- link = XNEW (struct pending);
- }
-
+ link = XNEW (struct pending);
link->next = *listhead;
*listhead = link;
link->nsyms = 0;
{
for (j = list->nsyms; --j >= 0;)
{
- pp = SYMBOL_LINKAGE_NAME (list->symbol[j]);
+ pp = list->symbol[j]->linkage_name ();
if (*pp == *name && strncmp (pp, name, length) == 0
&& pp[length] == '\0')
{
return (NULL);
}
-/* At end of reading syms, or in case of quit, ensure everything
- associated with building symtabs is freed.
-
- N.B. This is *not* intended to be used when building psymtabs. Some debug
- info readers call this anyway, which is harmless if confusing. */
+/* Record BLOCK on the list of all blocks in the file. Put it after
+ OPBLOCK, or at the beginning if opblock is NULL. This puts the
+ block in the list after all its subblocks. */
-scoped_free_pendings::~scoped_free_pendings ()
+void
+buildsym_compunit::record_pending_block (struct block *block,
+ struct pending_block *opblock)
{
- struct pending *next, *next1;
-
- for (next = free_pendings; next; next = next1)
- {
- next1 = next->next;
- xfree ((void *) next);
- }
- free_pendings = NULL;
-
- free_pending_blocks ();
-
- for (next = file_symbols; next != NULL; next = next1)
- {
- next1 = next->next;
- xfree ((void *) next);
- }
- file_symbols = NULL;
+ struct pending_block *pblock;
- for (next = global_symbols; next != NULL; next = next1)
+ pblock = XOBNEW (&m_pending_block_obstack, struct pending_block);
+ pblock->block = block;
+ if (opblock)
{
- next1 = next->next;
- xfree ((void *) next);
+ pblock->next = opblock->next;
+ opblock->next = pblock;
}
- global_symbols = NULL;
-
- if (pending_addrmap)
- obstack_free (&pending_addrmap_obstack, NULL);
- pending_addrmap = NULL;
-
- free_buildsym_compunit ();
-}
-
-/* This function is called to discard any pending blocks. */
-
-void
-free_pending_blocks (void)
-{
- if (pending_blocks != NULL)
+ else
{
- obstack_free (&pending_block_obstack, NULL);
- pending_blocks = NULL;
+ pblock->next = m_pending_blocks;
+ m_pending_blocks = pblock;
}
}
the order the symbols have in the list (reversed from the input
file). Put the block on the list of pending blocks. */
-static struct block *
-finish_block_internal (struct symbol *symbol,
- struct pending **listhead,
- struct pending_block *old_blocks,
- const struct dynamic_prop *static_link,
- CORE_ADDR start, CORE_ADDR end,
- int is_global, int expandable)
+struct block *
+buildsym_compunit::finish_block_internal
+ (struct symbol *symbol,
+ struct pending **listhead,
+ struct pending_block *old_blocks,
+ const struct dynamic_prop *static_link,
+ CORE_ADDR start, CORE_ADDR end,
+ int is_global, int expandable)
{
- struct objfile *objfile = buildsym_compunit->objfile;
- struct gdbarch *gdbarch = get_objfile_arch (objfile);
+ struct gdbarch *gdbarch = get_objfile_arch (m_objfile);
struct pending *next, *next1;
struct block *block;
struct pending_block *pblock;
struct pending_block *opblock;
block = (is_global
- ? allocate_global_block (&objfile->objfile_obstack)
- : allocate_block (&objfile->objfile_obstack));
+ ? allocate_global_block (&m_objfile->objfile_obstack)
+ : allocate_block (&m_objfile->objfile_obstack));
if (symbol)
{
- BLOCK_DICT (block)
- = dict_create_linear (&objfile->objfile_obstack,
- buildsym_compunit->language, *listhead);
+ BLOCK_MULTIDICT (block)
+ = mdict_create_linear (&m_objfile->objfile_obstack, *listhead);
}
else
{
if (expandable)
{
- BLOCK_DICT (block)
- = dict_create_hashed_expandable (buildsym_compunit->language);
- dict_add_pending (BLOCK_DICT (block), *listhead);
+ BLOCK_MULTIDICT (block) = mdict_create_hashed_expandable (m_language);
+ mdict_add_pending (BLOCK_MULTIDICT (block), *listhead);
}
else
{
- BLOCK_DICT (block) =
- dict_create_hashed (&objfile->objfile_obstack,
- buildsym_compunit->language, *listhead);
+ BLOCK_MULTIDICT (block) =
+ mdict_create_hashed (&m_objfile->objfile_obstack, *listhead);
}
}
if (symbol)
{
struct type *ftype = SYMBOL_TYPE (symbol);
- struct dict_iterator iter;
+ struct mdict_iterator miter;
SYMBOL_BLOCK_VALUE (symbol) = block;
BLOCK_FUNCTION (block) = symbol;
/* Here we want to directly access the dictionary, because
we haven't fully initialized the block yet. */
- ALL_DICT_SYMBOLS (BLOCK_DICT (block), iter, sym)
+ ALL_DICT_SYMBOLS (BLOCK_MULTIDICT (block), miter, sym)
{
if (SYMBOL_IS_ARGUMENT (sym))
nparams++;
iparams = 0;
/* Here we want to directly access the dictionary, because
we haven't fully initialized the block yet. */
- ALL_DICT_SYMBOLS (BLOCK_DICT (block), iter, sym)
+ ALL_DICT_SYMBOLS (BLOCK_MULTIDICT (block), miter, sym)
{
if (iparams == nparams)
break;
}
if (static_link != NULL)
- objfile_register_static_link (objfile, block, static_link);
+ objfile_register_static_link (m_objfile, block, static_link);
- /* Now "free" the links of the list, and empty the list. */
+ /* Now free the links of the list, and empty the list. */
for (next = *listhead; next; next = next1)
{
next1 = next->next;
- next->next = free_pendings;
- free_pendings = next;
+ xfree (next);
}
*listhead = NULL;
{
complaint (_("block end address less than block "
"start address in %s (patched it)"),
- SYMBOL_PRINT_NAME (symbol));
+ symbol->print_name ());
}
else
{
start of this scope that don't have superblocks yet. */
opblock = NULL;
- for (pblock = pending_blocks;
+ for (pblock = m_pending_blocks;
pblock && pblock != old_blocks;
pblock = pblock->next)
{
if (symbol)
{
complaint (_("inner block not inside outer block in %s"),
- SYMBOL_PRINT_NAME (symbol));
+ symbol->print_name ());
}
else
{
block_set_using (block,
(is_global
- ? global_using_directives
- : local_using_directives),
- &objfile->objfile_obstack);
+ ? m_global_using_directives
+ : m_local_using_directives),
+ &m_objfile->objfile_obstack);
if (is_global)
- global_using_directives = NULL;
+ m_global_using_directives = NULL;
else
- local_using_directives = NULL;
+ m_local_using_directives = NULL;
- record_pending_block (objfile, block, opblock);
+ record_pending_block (block, opblock);
return block;
}
struct block *
-finish_block (struct symbol *symbol,
- struct pending **listhead,
- struct pending_block *old_blocks,
- const struct dynamic_prop *static_link,
- CORE_ADDR start, CORE_ADDR end)
+buildsym_compunit::finish_block (struct symbol *symbol,
+ struct pending_block *old_blocks,
+ const struct dynamic_prop *static_link,
+ CORE_ADDR start, CORE_ADDR end)
{
- return finish_block_internal (symbol, listhead, old_blocks, static_link,
- start, end, 0, 0);
+ return finish_block_internal (symbol, &m_local_symbols,
+ old_blocks, static_link, start, end, 0, 0);
}
-/* Record BLOCK on the list of all blocks in the file. Put it after
- OPBLOCK, or at the beginning if opblock is NULL. This puts the
- block in the list after all its subblocks.
-
- Allocate the pending block struct in the objfile_obstack to save
- time. This wastes a little space. FIXME: Is it worth it? */
-
-static void
-record_pending_block (struct objfile *objfile, struct block *block,
- struct pending_block *opblock)
-{
- struct pending_block *pblock;
-
- if (pending_blocks == NULL)
- obstack_init (&pending_block_obstack);
-
- pblock = XOBNEW (&pending_block_obstack, struct pending_block);
- pblock->block = block;
- if (opblock)
- {
- pblock->next = opblock->next;
- opblock->next = pblock;
- }
- else
- {
- pblock->next = pending_blocks;
- pending_blocks = pblock;
- }
-}
-
-
/* Record that the range of addresses from START to END_INCLUSIVE
(inclusive, like it says) belongs to BLOCK. BLOCK's start and end
addresses must be set already. You must apply this function to all
already provided by BLOCK_START and BLOCK_END, then we create an
address map for the block. */
void
-record_block_range (struct block *block,
- CORE_ADDR start, CORE_ADDR end_inclusive)
+buildsym_compunit::record_block_range (struct block *block,
+ CORE_ADDR start,
+ CORE_ADDR end_inclusive)
{
/* If this is any different from the range recorded in the block's
own BLOCK_START and BLOCK_END, then note that the address map has
need to record this block in the addrmap. */
if (start != BLOCK_START (block)
|| end_inclusive + 1 != BLOCK_END (block))
- pending_addrmap_interesting = 1;
+ m_pending_addrmap_interesting = true;
- if (! pending_addrmap)
- {
- obstack_init (&pending_addrmap_obstack);
- pending_addrmap = addrmap_create_mutable (&pending_addrmap_obstack);
- }
+ if (m_pending_addrmap == nullptr)
+ m_pending_addrmap = addrmap_create_mutable (&m_pending_addrmap_obstack);
- addrmap_set_empty (pending_addrmap, start, end_inclusive, block);
+ addrmap_set_empty (m_pending_addrmap, start, end_inclusive, block);
}
-static struct blockvector *
-make_blockvector (void)
+struct blockvector *
+buildsym_compunit::make_blockvector ()
{
- struct objfile *objfile = buildsym_compunit->objfile;
struct pending_block *next;
struct blockvector *blockvector;
int i;
/* Count the length of the list of blocks. */
- for (next = pending_blocks, i = 0; next; next = next->next, i++)
- {;
+ for (next = m_pending_blocks, i = 0; next; next = next->next, i++)
+ {
}
blockvector = (struct blockvector *)
- obstack_alloc (&objfile->objfile_obstack,
+ obstack_alloc (&m_objfile->objfile_obstack,
(sizeof (struct blockvector)
+ (i - 1) * sizeof (struct block *)));
sure this is true. */
BLOCKVECTOR_NBLOCKS (blockvector) = i;
- for (next = pending_blocks; next; next = next->next)
+ for (next = m_pending_blocks; next; next = next->next)
{
BLOCKVECTOR_BLOCK (blockvector, --i) = next->block;
}
/* If we needed an address map for this symtab, record it in the
blockvector. */
- if (pending_addrmap && pending_addrmap_interesting)
+ if (m_pending_addrmap != nullptr && m_pending_addrmap_interesting)
BLOCKVECTOR_MAP (blockvector)
- = addrmap_create_fixed (pending_addrmap, &objfile->objfile_obstack);
+ = addrmap_create_fixed (m_pending_addrmap, &m_objfile->objfile_obstack);
else
BLOCKVECTOR_MAP (blockvector) = 0;
name. NAME is the name of the file (cannot be NULL). */
void
-start_subfile (const char *name)
+buildsym_compunit::start_subfile (const char *name)
{
const char *subfile_dirname;
struct subfile *subfile;
- gdb_assert (buildsym_compunit != NULL);
-
- subfile_dirname = buildsym_compunit->comp_dir.get ();
+ subfile_dirname = m_comp_dir.get ();
/* See if this subfile is already registered. */
- for (subfile = buildsym_compunit->subfiles; subfile; subfile = subfile->next)
+ for (subfile = m_subfiles; subfile; subfile = subfile->next)
{
char *subfile_name;
if (FILENAME_CMP (subfile_name, name) == 0)
{
- current_subfile = subfile;
+ m_current_subfile = subfile;
if (subfile_name != subfile->name)
xfree (subfile_name);
return;
subfile = XNEW (struct subfile);
memset (subfile, 0, sizeof (struct subfile));
- subfile->buildsym_compunit = buildsym_compunit;
+ subfile->buildsym_compunit = this;
- subfile->next = buildsym_compunit->subfiles;
- buildsym_compunit->subfiles = subfile;
+ subfile->next = m_subfiles;
+ m_subfiles = subfile;
- current_subfile = subfile;
+ m_current_subfile = subfile;
subfile->name = xstrdup (name);
enum language sublang = deduce_language_from_filename (subfile->name);
if (sublang == language_cplus || sublang == language_fortran)
- for (s = buildsym_compunit->subfiles; s != NULL; s = s->next)
+ for (s = m_subfiles; s != NULL; s = s->next)
if (s->language == language_c)
s->language = sublang;
}
}
}
-/* Delete the buildsym compunit. */
-
-static void
-free_buildsym_compunit (void)
-{
- if (buildsym_compunit == NULL)
- return;
- delete buildsym_compunit;
- buildsym_compunit = NULL;
- current_subfile = NULL;
-}
-
/* For stabs readers, the first N_SO symbol is assumed to be the
source file name, and the subfile struct is initialized using that
assumption. If another N_SO symbol is later seen, immediately
directory name actually is (by checking for a trailing '/'). */
void
-patch_subfile_names (struct subfile *subfile, const char *name)
+buildsym_compunit::patch_subfile_names (struct subfile *subfile,
+ const char *name)
{
if (subfile != NULL
- && buildsym_compunit->comp_dir == NULL
+ && m_comp_dir == NULL
&& subfile->name != NULL
&& IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (subfile->name[strlen (subfile->name) - 1]))
{
- buildsym_compunit->comp_dir.reset (subfile->name);
+ m_comp_dir.reset (subfile->name);
subfile->name = xstrdup (name);
set_last_source_file (name);
order. */
void
-push_subfile (void)
+buildsym_compunit::push_subfile ()
{
- struct subfile_stack *tem = XNEW (struct subfile_stack);
-
- tem->next = subfile_stack;
- subfile_stack = tem;
- if (current_subfile == NULL || current_subfile->name == NULL)
- {
- internal_error (__FILE__, __LINE__,
- _("failed internal consistency check"));
- }
- tem->name = current_subfile->name;
+ gdb_assert (m_current_subfile != NULL);
+ gdb_assert (m_current_subfile->name != NULL);
+ m_subfile_stack.push_back (m_current_subfile->name);
}
-char *
-pop_subfile (void)
+const char *
+buildsym_compunit::pop_subfile ()
{
- char *name;
- struct subfile_stack *link = subfile_stack;
-
- if (link == NULL)
- {
- internal_error (__FILE__, __LINE__,
- _("failed internal consistency check"));
- }
- name = link->name;
- subfile_stack = link->next;
- xfree ((void *) link);
- return (name);
+ gdb_assert (!m_subfile_stack.empty ());
+ const char *name = m_subfile_stack.back ();
+ m_subfile_stack.pop_back ();
+ return name;
}
\f
/* Add a linetable entry for line number LINE and address PC to the
line vector for SUBFILE. */
void
-record_line (struct subfile *subfile, int line, CORE_ADDR pc)
+buildsym_compunit::record_line (struct subfile *subfile, int line,
+ CORE_ADDR pc)
{
struct linetable_entry *e;
xmalloc (sizeof (struct linetable)
+ subfile->line_vector_length * sizeof (struct linetable_entry));
subfile->line_vector->nitems = 0;
- have_line_numbers = 1;
+ m_have_line_numbers = true;
}
if (subfile->line_vector->nitems + 1 >= subfile->line_vector_length)
/* Needed in order to sort line tables from IBM xcoff files. Sigh! */
-static int
-compare_line_numbers (const void *ln1p, const void *ln2p)
+static bool
+lte_is_less_than (const linetable_entry &ln1, const linetable_entry &ln2)
{
- struct linetable_entry *ln1 = (struct linetable_entry *) ln1p;
- struct linetable_entry *ln2 = (struct linetable_entry *) ln2p;
-
/* Note: this code does not assume that CORE_ADDRs can fit in ints.
Please keep it that way. */
- if (ln1->pc < ln2->pc)
- return -1;
+ if (ln1.pc < ln2.pc)
+ return true;
- if (ln1->pc > ln2->pc)
- return 1;
+ if (ln1.pc > ln2.pc)
+ return false;
/* If pc equal, sort by line. I'm not sure whether this is optimum
behavior (see comment at struct linetable in symtab.h). */
- return ln1->line - ln2->line;
-}
-\f
-/* See buildsym.h. */
-
-struct compunit_symtab *
-buildsym_compunit_symtab (void)
-{
- gdb_assert (buildsym_compunit != NULL);
-
- return buildsym_compunit->compunit_symtab;
-}
-
-/* See buildsym.h. */
-
-struct macro_table *
-get_macro_table (void)
-{
- struct objfile *objfile;
-
- gdb_assert (buildsym_compunit != NULL);
- return buildsym_compunit->get_macro_table ();
+ return ln1.line < ln2.line;
}
\f
-/* Init state to prepare for building a symtab.
- Note: This can't be done in buildsym_init because dbxread.c and xcoffread.c
- can call start_symtab+end_symtab multiple times after one call to
- buildsym_init. */
-
-static void
-prepare_for_building (CORE_ADDR start_addr)
-{
- last_source_start_addr = start_addr;
-
- local_symbols = NULL;
- local_using_directives = NULL;
- within_function = 0;
- have_line_numbers = 0;
-
- context_stack_depth = 0;
-
- /* These should have been reset either by successful completion of building
- a symtab, or by the scoped_free_pendings destructor. */
- gdb_assert (file_symbols == NULL);
- gdb_assert (global_symbols == NULL);
- gdb_assert (global_using_directives == NULL);
- gdb_assert (pending_addrmap == NULL);
- gdb_assert (current_subfile == NULL);
- gdb_assert (buildsym_compunit == nullptr);
-}
-
-/* Start a new symtab for a new source file in OBJFILE. Called, for example,
- when a stabs symbol of type N_SO is seen, or when a DWARF
- TAG_compile_unit DIE is seen. It indicates the start of data for
- one original source file.
-
- NAME is the name of the file (cannot be NULL). COMP_DIR is the
- directory in which the file was compiled (or NULL if not known).
- START_ADDR is the lowest address of objects in the file (or 0 if
- not known). LANGUAGE is the language of the source file, or
- language_unknown if not known, in which case it'll be deduced from
- the filename. */
-
-struct compunit_symtab *
-start_symtab (struct objfile *objfile, const char *name, const char *comp_dir,
- CORE_ADDR start_addr, enum language language)
-{
- prepare_for_building (start_addr);
-
- buildsym_compunit = new struct buildsym_compunit (objfile, name, comp_dir,
- language);
-
- /* Allocate the compunit symtab now. The caller needs it to allocate
- non-primary symtabs. It is also needed by get_macro_table. */
- buildsym_compunit->compunit_symtab = allocate_compunit_symtab (objfile,
- name);
-
- /* Build the subfile for NAME (the main source file) so that we can record
- a pointer to it for later.
- IMPORTANT: Do not allocate a struct symtab for NAME here.
- It can happen that the debug info provides a different path to NAME than
- DIRNAME,NAME. We cope with this in watch_main_source_file_lossage but
- that only works if the main_subfile doesn't have a symtab yet. */
- start_subfile (name);
- /* Save this so that we don't have to go looking for it at the end
- of the subfiles list. */
- buildsym_compunit->main_subfile = current_subfile;
-
- return buildsym_compunit->compunit_symtab;
-}
-
-/* Restart compilation for a symtab.
- CUST is the result of end_expandable_symtab.
- NAME, START_ADDR are the source file we are resuming with.
-
- This is used when a symtab is built from multiple sources.
- The symtab is first built with start_symtab/end_expandable_symtab
- and then for each additional piece call restart_symtab/augment_*_symtab.
- Note: At the moment there is only augment_type_symtab. */
-
-void
-restart_symtab (struct compunit_symtab *cust,
- const char *name, CORE_ADDR start_addr)
-{
- prepare_for_building (start_addr);
-
- buildsym_compunit
- = new struct buildsym_compunit (COMPUNIT_OBJFILE (cust),
- name,
- COMPUNIT_DIRNAME (cust),
- compunit_language (cust));
- buildsym_compunit->compunit_symtab = cust;
-}
-
/* Subroutine of end_symtab to simplify it. Look for a subfile that
matches the main source file's basename. If there is only one, and
if the main source file doesn't have any symbol or line number
manipulates the debug info. This can also happen from an innocent
symlink in the paths, we don't canonicalize paths here. */
-static void
-watch_main_source_file_lossage (void)
+void
+buildsym_compunit::watch_main_source_file_lossage ()
{
struct subfile *mainsub, *subfile;
- /* We have to watch for buildsym_compunit == NULL here. It's a quirk of
- end_symtab, it can return NULL so there may not be a main subfile. */
- if (buildsym_compunit == NULL)
- return;
-
/* Get the main source file. */
- mainsub = buildsym_compunit->main_subfile;
+ mainsub = m_main_subfile;
/* If the main source file doesn't have any line number or symbol
info, look for an alias in another subfile. */
struct subfile *prev_mainsub_alias = NULL;
prevsub = NULL;
- for (subfile = buildsym_compunit->subfiles;
+ for (subfile = m_subfiles;
subfile != NULL;
subfile = subfile->next)
{
mainsub->symtab = mainsub_alias->symtab;
if (prev_mainsub_alias == NULL)
- buildsym_compunit->subfiles = mainsub_alias->next;
+ m_subfiles = mainsub_alias->next;
else
prev_mainsub_alias->next = mainsub_alias->next;
xfree (mainsub_alias->name);
}
}
-/* Reset state after a successful building of a symtab.
- This exists because dbxread.c and xcoffread.c can call
- start_symtab+end_symtab multiple times after one call to buildsym_init,
- and before the scoped_free_pendings destructor is called.
- We keep the free_pendings list around for dbx/xcoff sake. */
-
-static void
-reset_symtab_globals (void)
-{
- local_symbols = NULL;
- local_using_directives = NULL;
- file_symbols = NULL;
- global_symbols = NULL;
- global_using_directives = NULL;
-
- if (pending_addrmap)
- obstack_free (&pending_addrmap_obstack, NULL);
- pending_addrmap = NULL;
-
- free_buildsym_compunit ();
-}
-
/* Implementation of the first part of end_symtab. It allows modifying
STATIC_BLOCK before it gets finalized by end_symtab_from_static_block.
If the returned value is NULL there is no blockvector created for
not contain any symbols. */
struct block *
-end_symtab_get_static_block (CORE_ADDR end_addr, int expandable, int required)
+buildsym_compunit::end_symtab_get_static_block (CORE_ADDR end_addr,
+ int expandable, int required)
{
- struct objfile *objfile = buildsym_compunit->objfile;
-
/* Finish the lexical context of the last function in the file; pop
the context stack. */
- if (context_stack_depth > 0)
+ if (!m_context_stack.empty ())
{
- struct context_stack *cstk = pop_context ();
+ struct context_stack cstk = pop_context ();
/* Make a block for the local symbols within. */
- finish_block (cstk->name, &local_symbols, cstk->old_blocks, NULL,
- cstk->start_addr, end_addr);
+ finish_block (cstk.name, cstk.old_blocks, NULL,
+ cstk.start_addr, end_addr);
- if (context_stack_depth > 0)
+ if (!m_context_stack.empty ())
{
/* This is said to happen with SCO. The old coffread.c
code simply emptied the context stack, so we do the
believed to happen in most cases (even for coffread.c);
it used to be an abort(). */
complaint (_("Context stack not empty in end_symtab"));
- context_stack_depth = 0;
+ m_context_stack.clear ();
}
}
/* Reordered executables may have out of order pending blocks; if
OBJF_REORDERED is true, then sort the pending blocks. */
- if ((objfile->flags & OBJF_REORDERED) && pending_blocks)
+ if ((m_objfile->flags & OBJF_REORDERED) && m_pending_blocks)
{
struct pending_block *pb;
std::vector<block *> barray;
- for (pb = pending_blocks; pb != NULL; pb = pb->next)
+ for (pb = m_pending_blocks; pb != NULL; pb = pb->next)
barray.push_back (pb->block);
/* Sort blocks by start address in descending order. Blocks with the
});
int i = 0;
- for (pb = pending_blocks; pb != NULL; pb = pb->next)
+ for (pb = m_pending_blocks; pb != NULL; pb = pb->next)
pb->block = barray[i++];
}
are no-ops. FIXME: Is this handled right in case of QUIT? Can
we make this cleaner? */
- cleanup_undefined_stabs_types (objfile);
- finish_global_stabs (objfile);
+ cleanup_undefined_stabs_types (m_objfile);
+ finish_global_stabs (m_objfile);
if (!required
- && pending_blocks == NULL
- && file_symbols == NULL
- && global_symbols == NULL
- && have_line_numbers == 0
- && buildsym_compunit->m_pending_macros == NULL
- && global_using_directives == NULL)
+ && m_pending_blocks == NULL
+ && m_file_symbols == NULL
+ && m_global_symbols == NULL
+ && !m_have_line_numbers
+ && m_pending_macros == NULL
+ && m_global_using_directives == NULL)
{
/* Ignore symtabs that have no functions with real debugging info. */
return NULL;
else
{
/* Define the STATIC_BLOCK. */
- return finish_block_internal (NULL, &file_symbols, NULL, NULL,
- last_source_start_addr, end_addr,
- 0, expandable);
+ return finish_block_internal (NULL, get_file_symbols (), NULL, NULL,
+ m_last_source_start_addr,
+ end_addr, 0, expandable);
}
}
Handle the "have blockvector" case.
See end_symtab_from_static_block for a description of the arguments. */
-static struct compunit_symtab *
-end_symtab_with_blockvector (struct block *static_block,
- int section, int expandable)
+struct compunit_symtab *
+buildsym_compunit::end_symtab_with_blockvector (struct block *static_block,
+ int section, int expandable)
{
- struct objfile *objfile = buildsym_compunit->objfile;
- struct compunit_symtab *cu = buildsym_compunit->compunit_symtab;
- struct symtab *symtab;
+ struct compunit_symtab *cu = m_compunit_symtab;
struct blockvector *blockvector;
struct subfile *subfile;
CORE_ADDR end_addr;
gdb_assert (static_block != NULL);
- gdb_assert (buildsym_compunit != NULL);
- gdb_assert (buildsym_compunit->subfiles != NULL);
+ gdb_assert (m_subfiles != NULL);
end_addr = BLOCK_END (static_block);
/* Create the GLOBAL_BLOCK and build the blockvector. */
- finish_block_internal (NULL, &global_symbols, NULL, NULL,
- last_source_start_addr, end_addr,
+ finish_block_internal (NULL, get_global_symbols (), NULL, NULL,
+ m_last_source_start_addr, end_addr,
1, expandable);
blockvector = make_blockvector ();
/* Read the line table if it has to be read separately.
This is only used by xcoffread.c. */
- if (objfile->sf->sym_read_linetable != NULL)
- objfile->sf->sym_read_linetable (objfile);
+ if (m_objfile->sf->sym_read_linetable != NULL)
+ m_objfile->sf->sym_read_linetable (m_objfile);
/* Handle the case where the debug info specifies a different path
for the main source file. It can cause us to lose track of its
/* Now create the symtab objects proper, if not already done,
one for each subfile. */
- for (subfile = buildsym_compunit->subfiles;
+ for (subfile = m_subfiles;
subfile != NULL;
subfile = subfile->next)
{
/* Like the pending blocks, the line table may be
scrambled in reordered executables. Sort it if
OBJF_REORDERED is true. */
- if (objfile->flags & OBJF_REORDERED)
- qsort (subfile->line_vector->item,
- subfile->line_vector->nitems,
- sizeof (struct linetable_entry), compare_line_numbers);
+ if (m_objfile->flags & OBJF_REORDERED)
+ std::sort (subfile->line_vector->item,
+ subfile->line_vector->item
+ + subfile->line_vector->nitems,
+ lte_is_less_than);
}
/* Allocate a symbol table if necessary. */
if (subfile->symtab == NULL)
subfile->symtab = allocate_symtab (cu, subfile->name);
- symtab = subfile->symtab;
+ struct symtab *symtab = subfile->symtab;
/* Fill in its components. */
{
/* Reallocate the line table on the symbol obstack. */
SYMTAB_LINETABLE (symtab) = (struct linetable *)
- obstack_alloc (&objfile->objfile_obstack, linetablesize);
+ obstack_alloc (&m_objfile->objfile_obstack, linetablesize);
memcpy (SYMTAB_LINETABLE (symtab), subfile->line_vector,
linetablesize);
}
{
struct symtab *main_symtab, *prev_symtab;
- main_symtab = buildsym_compunit->main_subfile->symtab;
+ main_symtab = m_main_subfile->symtab;
prev_symtab = NULL;
- ALL_COMPUNIT_FILETABS (cu, symtab)
+ for (symtab *symtab : compunit_filetabs (cu))
{
if (symtab == main_symtab)
{
/* Fill out the compunit symtab. */
- if (buildsym_compunit->comp_dir != NULL)
+ if (m_comp_dir != NULL)
{
/* Reallocate the dirname on the symbol obstack. */
- const char *comp_dir = buildsym_compunit->comp_dir.get ();
- COMPUNIT_DIRNAME (cu)
- = (const char *) obstack_copy0 (&objfile->objfile_obstack,
- comp_dir, strlen (comp_dir));
+ const char *comp_dir = m_comp_dir.get ();
+ COMPUNIT_DIRNAME (cu) = obstack_strdup (&m_objfile->objfile_obstack,
+ comp_dir);
}
/* Save the debug format string (if any) in the symtab. */
- COMPUNIT_DEBUGFORMAT (cu) = buildsym_compunit->debugformat;
+ COMPUNIT_DEBUGFORMAT (cu) = m_debugformat;
/* Similarly for the producer. */
- COMPUNIT_PRODUCER (cu) = buildsym_compunit->producer;
+ COMPUNIT_PRODUCER (cu) = m_producer;
COMPUNIT_BLOCKVECTOR (cu) = blockvector;
{
COMPUNIT_BLOCK_LINE_SECTION (cu) = section;
- COMPUNIT_MACRO_TABLE (cu) = buildsym_compunit->release_macros ();
+ COMPUNIT_MACRO_TABLE (cu) = release_macros ();
/* Default any symbols without a specified symtab to the primary symtab. */
{
int block_i;
/* The main source file's symtab. */
- symtab = COMPUNIT_FILETABS (cu);
+ struct symtab *symtab = COMPUNIT_FILETABS (cu);
for (block_i = 0; block_i < BLOCKVECTOR_NBLOCKS (blockvector); block_i++)
{
struct block *block = BLOCKVECTOR_BLOCK (blockvector, block_i);
struct symbol *sym;
- struct dict_iterator iter;
+ struct mdict_iterator miter;
/* Inlined functions may have symbols not in the global or
static symbol lists. */
/* Note that we only want to fix up symbols from the local
blocks, not blocks coming from included symtabs. That is why
we use ALL_DICT_SYMBOLS here and not ALL_BLOCK_SYMBOLS. */
- ALL_DICT_SYMBOLS (BLOCK_DICT (block), iter, sym)
+ ALL_DICT_SYMBOLS (BLOCK_MULTIDICT (block), miter, sym)
if (symbol_symtab (sym) == NULL)
symbol_set_symtab (sym, symtab);
}
expandable. */
struct compunit_symtab *
-end_symtab_from_static_block (struct block *static_block,
- int section, int expandable)
+buildsym_compunit::end_symtab_from_static_block (struct block *static_block,
+ int section, int expandable)
{
struct compunit_symtab *cu;
else
cu = end_symtab_with_blockvector (static_block, section, expandable);
- reset_symtab_globals ();
-
return cu;
}
yourself. */
struct compunit_symtab *
-end_symtab (CORE_ADDR end_addr, int section)
+buildsym_compunit::end_symtab (CORE_ADDR end_addr, int section)
{
struct block *static_block;
/* Same as end_symtab except create a symtab that can be later added to. */
struct compunit_symtab *
-end_expandable_symtab (CORE_ADDR end_addr, int section)
+buildsym_compunit::end_expandable_symtab (CORE_ADDR end_addr, int section)
{
struct block *static_block;
This is the case for DWARF4 Type Units. */
void
-augment_type_symtab (void)
+buildsym_compunit::augment_type_symtab ()
{
- struct compunit_symtab *cust = buildsym_compunit->compunit_symtab;
+ struct compunit_symtab *cust = m_compunit_symtab;
const struct blockvector *blockvector = COMPUNIT_BLOCKVECTOR (cust);
- if (context_stack_depth > 0)
- {
- complaint (_("Context stack not empty in augment_type_symtab"));
- context_stack_depth = 0;
- }
- if (pending_blocks != NULL)
+ if (!m_context_stack.empty ())
+ complaint (_("Context stack not empty in augment_type_symtab"));
+ if (m_pending_blocks != NULL)
complaint (_("Blocks in a type symtab"));
- if (buildsym_compunit->m_pending_macros != NULL)
+ if (m_pending_macros != NULL)
complaint (_("Macro in a type symtab"));
- if (have_line_numbers)
+ if (m_have_line_numbers)
complaint (_("Line numbers recorded in a type symtab"));
- if (file_symbols != NULL)
+ if (m_file_symbols != NULL)
{
struct block *block = BLOCKVECTOR_BLOCK (blockvector, STATIC_BLOCK);
/* First mark any symbols without a specified symtab as belonging
to the primary symtab. */
- set_missing_symtab (file_symbols, cust);
+ set_missing_symtab (m_file_symbols, cust);
- dict_add_pending (BLOCK_DICT (block), file_symbols);
+ mdict_add_pending (BLOCK_MULTIDICT (block), m_file_symbols);
}
- if (global_symbols != NULL)
+ if (m_global_symbols != NULL)
{
struct block *block = BLOCKVECTOR_BLOCK (blockvector, GLOBAL_BLOCK);
/* First mark any symbols without a specified symtab as belonging
to the primary symtab. */
- set_missing_symtab (global_symbols, cust);
+ set_missing_symtab (m_global_symbols, cust);
- dict_add_pending (BLOCK_DICT (block), global_symbols);
+ mdict_add_pending (BLOCK_MULTIDICT (block),
+ m_global_symbols);
}
-
- reset_symtab_globals ();
}
/* Push a context block. Args are an identifying nesting level
context. */
struct context_stack *
-push_context (int desc, CORE_ADDR valu)
+buildsym_compunit::push_context (int desc, CORE_ADDR valu)
{
- struct context_stack *newobj;
+ m_context_stack.emplace_back ();
+ struct context_stack *newobj = &m_context_stack.back ();
- if (context_stack_depth == context_stack_size)
- {
- context_stack_size *= 2;
- context_stack = (struct context_stack *)
- xrealloc ((char *) context_stack,
- (context_stack_size * sizeof (struct context_stack)));
- }
-
- newobj = &context_stack[context_stack_depth++];
newobj->depth = desc;
- newobj->locals = local_symbols;
- newobj->old_blocks = pending_blocks;
+ newobj->locals = m_local_symbols;
+ newobj->old_blocks = m_pending_blocks;
newobj->start_addr = valu;
- newobj->local_using_directives = local_using_directives;
+ newobj->local_using_directives = m_local_using_directives;
newobj->name = NULL;
- local_symbols = NULL;
- local_using_directives = NULL;
+ m_local_symbols = NULL;
+ m_local_using_directives = NULL;
return newobj;
}
/* Pop a context block. Returns the address of the context block just
popped. */
-struct context_stack *
-pop_context (void)
-{
- gdb_assert (context_stack_depth > 0);
- return (&context_stack[--context_stack_depth]);
-}
-
-\f
-
-/* Compute a small integer hash code for the given name. */
-
-int
-hashname (const char *name)
-{
- return (hash(name,strlen(name)) % HASHSIZE);
-}
-\f
-
-void
-record_debugformat (const char *format)
-{
- buildsym_compunit->debugformat = format;
-}
-
-void
-record_producer (const char *producer)
-{
- buildsym_compunit->producer = producer;
-}
-
-/* Merge the first symbol list SRCLIST into the second symbol list
- TARGETLIST by repeated calls to add_symbol_to_list(). This
- procedure "frees" each link of SRCLIST by adding it to the
- free_pendings list. Caller must set SRCLIST to a null list after
- calling this function.
-
- Void return. */
-
-void
-merge_symbol_lists (struct pending **srclist, struct pending **targetlist)
-{
- int i;
-
- if (!srclist || !*srclist)
- return;
-
- /* Merge in elements from current link. */
- for (i = 0; i < (*srclist)->nsyms; i++)
- add_symbol_to_list ((*srclist)->symbol[i], targetlist);
-
- /* Recurse on next. */
- merge_symbol_lists (&(*srclist)->next, targetlist);
-
- /* "Free" the current link. */
- (*srclist)->next = free_pendings;
- free_pendings = (*srclist);
-}
-\f
-
-/* See buildsym.h. */
-
-void
-set_last_source_file (const char *name)
-{
- gdb_assert (buildsym_compunit != nullptr || name == nullptr);
- if (buildsym_compunit != nullptr)
- buildsym_compunit->set_last_source_file (name);
-}
-
-/* See buildsym.h. */
-
-const char *
-get_last_source_file (void)
-{
- if (buildsym_compunit == nullptr)
- return nullptr;
- return buildsym_compunit->m_last_source_file.get ();
-}
-
-\f
-
-/* Initialize anything that needs initializing when starting to read a
- fresh piece of a symbol file, e.g. reading in the stuff
- corresponding to a psymtab. */
-
-void
-buildsym_init (void)
-{
- subfile_stack = NULL;
-
- pending_addrmap_interesting = 0;
-
- /* Context stack is initially empty. Allocate first one with room
- for a few levels; reuse it forever afterward. */
- if (context_stack == NULL)
- {
- context_stack_size = INITIAL_CONTEXT_STACK_SIZE;
- context_stack = XNEWVEC (struct context_stack, context_stack_size);
- }
-
- /* Ensure the scoped_free_pendings destructor was called after
- the last time. */
- gdb_assert (free_pendings == NULL);
- gdb_assert (pending_blocks == NULL);
- gdb_assert (file_symbols == NULL);
- gdb_assert (global_symbols == NULL);
- gdb_assert (global_using_directives == NULL);
- gdb_assert (pending_addrmap == NULL);
- gdb_assert (buildsym_compunit == NULL);
-}
-
-/* Initialize anything that needs initializing when a completely new
- symbol file is specified (not just adding some symbols from another
- file, e.g. a shared library). */
-
-void
-buildsym_new_init (void)
+struct context_stack
+buildsym_compunit::pop_context ()
{
- buildsym_init ();
+ gdb_assert (!m_context_stack.empty ());
+ struct context_stack result = m_context_stack.back ();
+ m_context_stack.pop_back ();
+ return result;
}