X-Git-Url: http://git.efficios.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=src%2Fplugins%2Fctf%2Fcommon%2Fmetadata%2Fparser.ypp;fp=src%2Fplugins%2Fctf%2Fcommon%2Fmetadata%2Fparser.ypp;h=b644b5d1ec68713f10bb68b5ac644d1748f8bc79;hb=087cd0f57f0f7d815a609a4e041d1200f380e4aa;hp=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000;hpb=516bf0a77e025cfccce2fa400b757e94dc0bf1d8;p=babeltrace.git

diff --git a/src/plugins/ctf/common/metadata/parser.ypp b/src/plugins/ctf/common/metadata/parser.ypp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b644b5d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/plugins/ctf/common/metadata/parser.ypp
@@ -0,0 +1,2609 @@
+%{
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+ *
+ * Copyright 2010 - Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
+ *
+ * Common Trace Format Metadata Grammar.
+ */
+
+#define BT_LOG_OUTPUT_LEVEL ctf_plugin_metadata_log_level
+#define BT_LOG_TAG "PLUGIN/CTF/META/PARSER"
+#include "logging.hpp"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <glib.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include "common/list.h"
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "scanner.hpp"
+#include "ast.hpp"
+#include "objstack.hpp"
+
+#include "parser-wrap.hpp"
+
+/* Join two lists, put "add" at the end of "head".  */
+static inline void
+_bt_list_splice_tail (struct bt_list_head *add, struct bt_list_head *head)
+{
+	/* Do nothing if the list which gets added is empty.  */
+	if (add != add->next) {
+		add->next->prev = head->prev;
+		add->prev->next = head;
+		head->prev->next = add->next;
+		head->prev = add->prev;
+	}
+}
+
+BT_HIDDEN
+int yylex(union YYSTYPE *yyval, yyscan_t yyscanner);
+BT_HIDDEN
+int yylex_init_extra(struct ctf_scanner *scanner, yyscan_t * ptr_yy_globals);
+BT_HIDDEN
+int yylex_destroy(yyscan_t yyscanner);
+BT_HIDDEN
+void yyrestart(FILE * in_str, yyscan_t yyscanner);
+BT_HIDDEN
+int yyget_lineno(yyscan_t yyscanner);
+BT_HIDDEN
+char *yyget_text(yyscan_t yyscanner);
+
+/*
+ * Static node for out of memory errors. Only "type" is used. lineno is
+ * always left at 0. The rest of the node content can be overwritten,
+ * but is never used.
+ */
+static struct ctf_node error_node = {
+	.parent = nullptr,
+	.siblings = {},
+	.tmp_head = {},
+	.lineno = 0,
+	.visited = 0,
+	.type = NODE_ERROR,
+};
+
+BT_HIDDEN
+const char *node_type(struct ctf_node *node)
+{
+	switch (node->type) {
+#define ENTRY(S) case S: return #S;
+	FOREACH_CTF_NODES(ENTRY)
+#undef ENTRY
+	};
+
+	bt_common_abort();
+}
+
+void setstring(struct ctf_scanner *scanner, YYSTYPE *lvalp, const char *src)
+{
+	lvalp->s = (char *) objstack_alloc(scanner->objstack, strlen(src) + 1);
+	strcpy(lvalp->s, src);
+}
+
+static
+int str_check(size_t str_len, size_t offset, size_t len)
+{
+	/* check overflow */
+	if (offset + len < offset)
+		return -1;
+	if (offset + len > str_len)
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static
+int bt_isodigit(int c)
+{
+	switch (c) {
+	case '0':
+	case '1':
+	case '2':
+	case '3':
+	case '4':
+	case '5':
+	case '6':
+	case '7':
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static
+int parse_base_sequence(const char *src, size_t len, size_t pos,
+		char *buffer, size_t *buf_len, int base)
+{
+	const size_t max_char = 3;
+	int nr_char = 0;
+
+	while (!str_check(len, pos, 1) && nr_char < max_char) {
+		char c = src[pos++];
+
+		if (base == 8) {
+			if (bt_isodigit(c))
+				buffer[nr_char++] = c;
+			else
+				break;
+		} else if (base == 16) {
+			if (isxdigit(c))
+				buffer[nr_char++] = c;
+			else
+				break;
+
+		} else {
+			/* Unsupported base */
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	BT_ASSERT_DBG(nr_char > 0);
+	buffer[nr_char] = '\0';
+	*buf_len = nr_char;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static
+int import_basic_string(struct ctf_scanner *scanner, YYSTYPE *lvalp,
+		size_t len, const char *src, char delim)
+{
+	size_t pos = 0, dpos = 0;
+
+	if (str_check(len, pos, 1))
+		return -1;
+	if (src[pos++] != delim)
+		return -1;
+
+	while (src[pos] != delim) {
+		char c;
+
+		if (str_check(len, pos, 1))
+			return -1;
+		c = src[pos++];
+		if (c == '\\') {
+			if (str_check(len, pos, 1))
+				return -1;
+			c = src[pos++];
+
+			switch (c) {
+			case 'a':
+				c = '\a';
+				break;
+			case 'b':
+				c = '\b';
+				break;
+			case 'f':
+				c = '\f';
+				break;
+			case 'n':
+				c = '\n';
+				break;
+			case 'r':
+				c = '\r';
+				break;
+			case 't':
+				c = '\t';
+				break;
+			case 'v':
+				c = '\v';
+				break;
+			case '\\':
+				c = '\\';
+				break;
+			case '\'':
+				c = '\'';
+				break;
+			case '\"':
+				c = '\"';
+				break;
+			case '?':
+				c = '?';
+				break;
+			case '0':
+			case '1':
+			case '2':
+			case '3':
+			case '4':
+			case '5':
+			case '6':
+			case '7':
+			{
+				char oct_buffer[4];
+				size_t oct_len;
+
+				if (parse_base_sequence(src, len, pos - 1,
+						oct_buffer, &oct_len, 8))
+					return -1;
+				c = strtoul(&oct_buffer[0], NULL, 8);
+				pos += oct_len - 1;
+				break;
+			}
+			case 'x':
+			{
+				char hex_buffer[4];
+				size_t hex_len;
+
+				if (parse_base_sequence(src, len, pos,
+						hex_buffer, &hex_len, 16))
+					return -1;
+				c = strtoul(&hex_buffer[0], NULL, 16);
+				pos += hex_len;
+				break;
+			}
+			default:
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+		if (str_check(len, dpos, 1))
+			return -1;
+		lvalp->s[dpos++] = c;
+	}
+
+	if (str_check(len, dpos, 1))
+		return -1;
+	lvalp->s[dpos++] = '\0';
+
+	if (str_check(len, pos, 1))
+		return -1;
+	if (src[pos++] != delim)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (str_check(len, pos, 1))
+		return -1;
+	if (src[pos] != '\0')
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int import_string(struct ctf_scanner *scanner, YYSTYPE *lvalp,
+		const char *src, char delim)
+{
+	size_t len;
+
+	len = strlen(src) + 1;
+	lvalp->s = (char *) objstack_alloc(scanner->objstack, len);
+	if (src[0] == 'L') {
+		// TODO: import wide string
+		_BT_LOGE_APPEND_CAUSE_LINENO(yyget_lineno(scanner),
+			"wide characters are not supported as of this version: "
+			"scanner-addr=%p", scanner);
+		return -1;
+	} else {
+		return import_basic_string(scanner, lvalp, len, src, delim);
+	}
+}
+
+static void init_scope(struct ctf_scanner_scope *scope,
+		       struct ctf_scanner_scope *parent)
+{
+	scope->parent = parent;
+	scope->classes = g_hash_table_new_full(g_str_hash, g_str_equal,
+					     NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+static void finalize_scope(struct ctf_scanner_scope *scope)
+{
+	g_hash_table_destroy(scope->classes);
+}
+
+static void push_scope(struct ctf_scanner *scanner)
+{
+	struct ctf_scanner_scope *ns;
+
+	BT_LOGT("Pushing scope: scanner-addr=%p", scanner);
+	ns = (ctf_scanner_scope *) malloc(sizeof(struct ctf_scanner_scope));
+	init_scope(ns, scanner->cs);
+	scanner->cs = ns;
+}
+
+static void pop_scope(struct ctf_scanner *scanner)
+{
+	struct ctf_scanner_scope *os;
+
+	BT_LOGT("Popping scope: scanner-addr=%p", scanner);
+	os = scanner->cs;
+	scanner->cs = os->parent;
+	finalize_scope(os);
+	free(os);
+}
+
+static int lookup_type(struct ctf_scanner_scope *s, const char *id)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = GPOINTER_TO_INT(g_hash_table_lookup(s->classes, id));
+	BT_LOGT("Looked up type: scanner-addr=%p, id=\"%s\", ret=%d",
+		s, id, ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+BT_HIDDEN
+int is_type(struct ctf_scanner *scanner, const char *id)
+{
+	struct ctf_scanner_scope *it;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	for (it = scanner->cs; it; it = it->parent) {
+		if (lookup_type(it, id)) {
+			ret = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	BT_LOGT("Found if ID is type: scanner-addr=%p, id=\"%s\", ret=%d",
+		scanner, id, ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void add_type(struct ctf_scanner *scanner, char *id)
+{
+	BT_LOGT("Adding type: scanner-addr=%p, id=\"%s\"",
+		scanner, id);
+	if (lookup_type(scanner->cs, id))
+		return;
+	g_hash_table_insert(scanner->cs->classes, id, id);
+}
+
+static struct ctf_node *make_node(struct ctf_scanner *scanner,
+				  enum node_type type)
+{
+	struct ctf_node *node;
+
+	node = (ctf_node *) objstack_alloc(scanner->objstack, sizeof(*node));
+	if (!node) {
+		_BT_LOGE_APPEND_CAUSE_LINENO(yyget_lineno(scanner->scanner),
+			"failed to allocate one stack entry: "
+			"scanner-addr=%p", scanner);
+		return &error_node;
+	}
+	node->type = type;
+	node->lineno = yyget_lineno(scanner->scanner);
+	BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->tmp_head);
+	bt_list_add(&node->siblings, &node->tmp_head);
+
+	switch (type) {
+	case NODE_ROOT:
+		node->type = NODE_ERROR;
+		BT_LOGE("Trying to create root node: scanner-addr=%p",
+			scanner);
+		break;
+	case NODE_EVENT:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.event.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STREAM:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.stream.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_ENV:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.env.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TRACE:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.trace.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CLOCK:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.clock.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CALLSITE:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.callsite.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CTF_EXPRESSION:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.ctf_expression.left);
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.ctf_expression.right);
+		break;
+	case NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION:
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPEDEF:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.field_class_alias_target.field_class_declarators);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.field_class_alias_name.field_class_declarators);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS:
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER:
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		break;
+	case NODE_POINTER:
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.field_class_declarator.pointers);
+		break;
+	case NODE_FLOATING_POINT:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.floating_point.expressions);
+		break;
+	case NODE_INTEGER:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.integer.expressions);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STRING:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.string.expressions);
+		break;
+	case NODE_ENUMERATOR:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.enumerator.values);
+		break;
+	case NODE_ENUM:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STRUCT_OR_VARIANT_DECLARATION:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.struct_or_variant_declaration.field_class_declarators);
+		break;
+	case NODE_VARIANT:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u.variant.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STRUCT:
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u._struct.declaration_list);
+		BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->u._struct.min_align);
+		break;
+	case NODE_UNKNOWN:
+	default:
+		node->type = NODE_ERROR;
+		BT_LOGE("Unknown node type: scanner-addr=%p, node-type=%d",
+			scanner, type);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return node;
+}
+
+static int reparent_ctf_expression(struct ctf_node *node,
+				   struct ctf_node *parent)
+{
+	switch (parent->type) {
+	case NODE_EVENT:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.event.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STREAM:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.stream.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_ENV:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.env.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TRACE:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.trace.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CLOCK:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.clock.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CALLSITE:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.callsite.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_FLOATING_POINT:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.floating_point.expressions);
+		break;
+	case NODE_INTEGER:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.integer.expressions);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STRING:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.string.expressions);
+		break;
+
+	case NODE_ROOT:
+	case NODE_CTF_EXPRESSION:
+	case NODE_TYPEDEF:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS:
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER:
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST:
+	case NODE_POINTER:
+	case NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR:
+	case NODE_ENUMERATOR:
+	case NODE_ENUM:
+	case NODE_STRUCT_OR_VARIANT_DECLARATION:
+	case NODE_VARIANT:
+	case NODE_STRUCT:
+	case NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION:
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	case NODE_UNKNOWN:
+	default:
+		BT_LOGE("Unknown node type: node-type=%d", parent->type);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reparent_typedef(struct ctf_node *node, struct ctf_node *parent)
+{
+	switch (parent->type) {
+	case NODE_ROOT:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.root.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_EVENT:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.event.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STREAM:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.stream.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_ENV:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.env.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TRACE:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.trace.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CLOCK:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.clock.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CALLSITE:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.callsite.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_VARIANT:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.variant.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STRUCT:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u._struct.declaration_list);
+		break;
+
+	case NODE_FLOATING_POINT:
+	case NODE_INTEGER:
+	case NODE_STRING:
+	case NODE_CTF_EXPRESSION:
+	case NODE_TYPEDEF:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS:
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER:
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST:
+	case NODE_POINTER:
+	case NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR:
+	case NODE_ENUMERATOR:
+	case NODE_ENUM:
+	case NODE_STRUCT_OR_VARIANT_DECLARATION:
+	case NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION:
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	case NODE_UNKNOWN:
+	default:
+		BT_LOGE("Unknown node type: node-type=%d", parent->type);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reparent_field_class_alias(struct ctf_node *node, struct ctf_node *parent)
+{
+	switch (parent->type) {
+	case NODE_ROOT:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.root.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_EVENT:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.event.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STREAM:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.stream.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_ENV:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.env.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TRACE:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.trace.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CLOCK:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.clock.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CALLSITE:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.callsite.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_VARIANT:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.variant.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STRUCT:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u._struct.declaration_list);
+		break;
+
+	case NODE_FLOATING_POINT:
+	case NODE_INTEGER:
+	case NODE_STRING:
+	case NODE_CTF_EXPRESSION:
+	case NODE_TYPEDEF:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS:
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER:
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST:
+	case NODE_POINTER:
+	case NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR:
+	case NODE_ENUMERATOR:
+	case NODE_ENUM:
+	case NODE_STRUCT_OR_VARIANT_DECLARATION:
+	case NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION:
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	case NODE_UNKNOWN:
+	default:
+		BT_LOGE("Unknown node type: node-type=%d", parent->type);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reparent_field_class_specifier(struct ctf_node *node,
+				   struct ctf_node *parent)
+{
+	switch (parent->type) {
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		break;
+
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER:
+	case NODE_EVENT:
+	case NODE_STREAM:
+	case NODE_ENV:
+	case NODE_TRACE:
+	case NODE_CLOCK:
+	case NODE_CALLSITE:
+	case NODE_VARIANT:
+	case NODE_STRUCT:
+	case NODE_TYPEDEF:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS:
+	case NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR:
+	case NODE_ENUM:
+	case NODE_STRUCT_OR_VARIANT_DECLARATION:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS:
+	case NODE_FLOATING_POINT:
+	case NODE_INTEGER:
+	case NODE_STRING:
+	case NODE_CTF_EXPRESSION:
+	case NODE_POINTER:
+	case NODE_ENUMERATOR:
+	case NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION:
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	case NODE_UNKNOWN:
+	default:
+		BT_LOGE("Unknown node type: node-type=%d", parent->type);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reparent_field_class_specifier_list(struct ctf_node *node,
+					struct ctf_node *parent)
+{
+	switch (parent->type) {
+	case NODE_ROOT:
+		bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &parent->u.root.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_EVENT:
+		bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &parent->u.event.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STREAM:
+		bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &parent->u.stream.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_ENV:
+		bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &parent->u.env.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TRACE:
+		bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &parent->u.trace.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CLOCK:
+		bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &parent->u.clock.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_CALLSITE:
+		bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &parent->u.callsite.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_VARIANT:
+		bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &parent->u.variant.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_STRUCT:
+		bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &parent->u._struct.declaration_list);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPEDEF:
+		parent->u.field_class_def.field_class_specifier_list = node;
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET:
+		parent->u.field_class_alias_target.field_class_specifier_list = node;
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS:
+		parent->u.field_class_alias_name.field_class_specifier_list = node;
+		break;
+	case NODE_ENUM:
+		parent->u._enum.container_field_class = node;
+		break;
+	case NODE_STRUCT_OR_VARIANT_DECLARATION:
+		parent->u.struct_or_variant_declaration.field_class_specifier_list = node;
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR:
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS:
+	case NODE_FLOATING_POINT:
+	case NODE_INTEGER:
+	case NODE_STRING:
+	case NODE_CTF_EXPRESSION:
+	case NODE_POINTER:
+	case NODE_ENUMERATOR:
+	case NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION:
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	case NODE_UNKNOWN:
+	default:
+		BT_LOGE("Unknown node type: node-type=%d", parent->type);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reparent_field_class_declarator(struct ctf_node *node,
+				    struct ctf_node *parent)
+{
+	switch (parent->type) {
+	case NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR:
+		parent->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+		parent->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = node;
+		break;
+	case NODE_STRUCT_OR_VARIANT_DECLARATION:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.struct_or_variant_declaration.field_class_declarators);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPEDEF:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.field_class_alias_target.field_class_declarators);
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS:
+		_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.field_class_alias_name.field_class_declarators);
+		break;
+
+	case NODE_ROOT:
+	case NODE_EVENT:
+	case NODE_STREAM:
+	case NODE_ENV:
+	case NODE_TRACE:
+	case NODE_CLOCK:
+	case NODE_CALLSITE:
+	case NODE_VARIANT:
+	case NODE_STRUCT:
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS:
+	case NODE_ENUM:
+	case NODE_FLOATING_POINT:
+	case NODE_INTEGER:
+	case NODE_STRING:
+	case NODE_CTF_EXPRESSION:
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER:
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST:
+	case NODE_POINTER:
+	case NODE_ENUMERATOR:
+	case NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION:
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	case NODE_UNKNOWN:
+	default:
+		BT_LOGE("Unknown node type: node-type=%d", parent->type);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * set_parent_node
+ *
+ * Link node to parent. Returns 0 on success, -EPERM if it is not permitted to
+ * create the link declared by the input, -ENOENT if node or parent is NULL,
+ * -EINVAL if there is an internal structure problem.
+ */
+static int set_parent_node(struct ctf_node *node,
+			 struct ctf_node *parent)
+{
+	if (!node || !parent)
+		return -ENOENT;
+
+	/* Note: Linking to parent will be done only by an external visitor */
+
+	switch (node->type) {
+	case NODE_ROOT:
+		BT_LOGE_STR("Trying to reparent root node.");
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	case NODE_EVENT:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_ROOT) {
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.root.event);
+		} else {
+			return -EPERM;
+		}
+		break;
+	case NODE_STREAM:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_ROOT) {
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.root.stream);
+		} else {
+			return -EPERM;
+		}
+		break;
+	case NODE_ENV:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_ROOT) {
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.root.env);
+		} else {
+			return -EPERM;
+		}
+		break;
+	case NODE_TRACE:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_ROOT) {
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.root.trace);
+		} else {
+			return -EPERM;
+		}
+		break;
+	case NODE_CLOCK:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_ROOT) {
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.root.clock);
+		} else {
+			return -EPERM;
+		}
+		break;
+	case NODE_CALLSITE:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_ROOT) {
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.root.callsite);
+		} else {
+			return -EPERM;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case NODE_CTF_EXPRESSION:
+		return reparent_ctf_expression(node, parent);
+	case NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR)
+			parent->u.field_class_declarator.bitfield_len = node;
+		else
+			return -EPERM;
+		break;
+
+	case NODE_TYPEDEF:
+		return reparent_typedef(node, parent);
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_TYPEALIAS)
+			parent->u.field_class_alias.target = node;
+		else
+			return -EINVAL;
+		/* fall-through */
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_TYPEALIAS)
+			parent->u.field_class_alias.alias = node;
+		else
+			return -EINVAL;
+		/* fall-through */
+	case NODE_TYPEALIAS:
+		return reparent_field_class_alias(node, parent);
+
+	case NODE_POINTER:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR) {
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.field_class_declarator.pointers);
+		} else
+			return -EPERM;
+		break;
+	case NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR:
+		return reparent_field_class_declarator(node, parent);
+
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST:
+		return reparent_field_class_specifier_list(node, parent);
+
+	case NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER:
+		return reparent_field_class_specifier(node, parent);
+
+	case NODE_FLOATING_POINT:
+	case NODE_INTEGER:
+	case NODE_STRING:
+	case NODE_ENUM:
+	case NODE_VARIANT:
+	case NODE_STRUCT:
+		return -EINVAL;	/* Dealt with internally within grammar */
+
+	case NODE_ENUMERATOR:
+		if (parent->type == NODE_ENUM) {
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		} else {
+			return -EPERM;
+		}
+		break;
+	case NODE_STRUCT_OR_VARIANT_DECLARATION:
+		switch (parent->type) {
+		case NODE_STRUCT:
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u._struct.declaration_list);
+			break;
+		case NODE_VARIANT:
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&node->tmp_head, &parent->u.variant.declaration_list);
+			break;
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case NODE_UNKNOWN:
+	default:
+		BT_LOGE("Unknown node type: node-type=%d", parent->type);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static
+void yyerror(struct ctf_scanner *scanner, yyscan_t yyscanner, const char *str)
+{
+	_BT_LOGE_APPEND_CAUSE_LINENO(yyget_lineno(scanner->scanner),
+		"%s: token=\"%s\"", str, yyget_text(scanner->scanner));
+}
+
+#define reparent_error(scanner, str)				\
+do {								\
+	yyerror(scanner, scanner->scanner, YY_("reparent_error: " str)); \
+	YYERROR;						\
+} while (0)
+
+static struct ctf_ast *ctf_ast_alloc(struct ctf_scanner *scanner)
+{
+	struct ctf_ast *ast;
+
+	ast = (ctf_ast *) objstack_alloc(scanner->objstack, sizeof(*ast));
+	if (!ast)
+		return NULL;
+	ast->root.type = NODE_ROOT;
+	BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ast->root.tmp_head);
+	BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ast->root.u.root.declaration_list);
+	BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ast->root.u.root.trace);
+	BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ast->root.u.root.env);
+	BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ast->root.u.root.stream);
+	BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ast->root.u.root.event);
+	BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ast->root.u.root.clock);
+	BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ast->root.u.root.callsite);
+	return ast;
+}
+
+int ctf_scanner_append_ast(struct ctf_scanner *scanner, FILE *input)
+{
+	/* Start processing new stream */
+	yyrestart(input, scanner->scanner);
+	return yyparse(scanner, scanner->scanner);
+}
+
+struct ctf_scanner *ctf_scanner_alloc(void)
+{
+	struct ctf_scanner *scanner;
+	int ret;
+
+	scanner = (ctf_scanner *) malloc(sizeof(*scanner));
+	if (!scanner)
+		return NULL;
+	memset(scanner, 0, sizeof(*scanner));
+	ret = yylex_init_extra(scanner, &scanner->scanner);
+	if (ret) {
+		BT_LOGE("yylex_init_extra() failed: ret=%d", ret);
+		goto cleanup_scanner;
+	}
+	scanner->objstack = objstack_create();
+	if (!scanner->objstack)
+		goto cleanup_lexer;
+	scanner->ast = ctf_ast_alloc(scanner);
+	if (!scanner->ast)
+		goto cleanup_objstack;
+	init_scope(&scanner->root_scope, NULL);
+	scanner->cs = &scanner->root_scope;
+
+	return scanner;
+
+cleanup_objstack:
+	objstack_destroy(scanner->objstack);
+cleanup_lexer:
+	ret = yylex_destroy(scanner->scanner);
+	if (!ret)
+		BT_LOGE("yylex_destroy() failed: scanner-addr=%p, ret=%d",
+			scanner, ret);
+cleanup_scanner:
+	free(scanner);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void ctf_scanner_free(struct ctf_scanner *scanner)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!scanner)
+		return;
+
+	struct ctf_scanner_scope *scope = scanner->cs;
+
+	do {
+		struct ctf_scanner_scope *parent = scope->parent;
+		finalize_scope(scope);
+
+		/*
+		 * The root scope is allocated within the ctf_scanner structure,
+		 * do doesn't need freeing.  All others are allocated on their
+		 * own.
+		 */
+		if (scope != &scanner->root_scope)
+			free(scope);
+
+		scope = parent;
+	} while (scope);
+
+	objstack_destroy(scanner->objstack);
+	ret = yylex_destroy(scanner->scanner);
+	if (ret)
+		BT_LOGE("yylex_destroy() failed: scanner-addr=%p, ret=%d",
+			scanner, ret);
+	free(scanner);
+}
+
+/*
+ * The bison-provided version of strlen (yystrlen) generates a benign
+ * -Wnull-dereference warning.  That version is used when building on cygwin,
+ * for example, but you can also enable it by hand (to test) by removing the
+ * preprocessor conditional around it.
+ *
+ * Define yystrlen such that it will always use strlen.  As far as we know,
+ * strlen provided by all the platforms we use is reliable.
+ */
+#define yystrlen strlen
+
+%}
+
+/*
+ * This ends up in parser.h and makes sure those who want to include it pass
+ * through parser-wrap.h.
+ */
+%code requires {
+#ifndef ALLOW_INCLUDE_PARSER_H
+# error "Don't include parser.h directly, include parser-wrap.h instead."
+#endif
+}
+
+%code provides {
+	BT_HIDDEN
+	void setstring(struct ctf_scanner *scanner, YYSTYPE *lvalp, const char *src);
+
+	BT_HIDDEN
+	int import_string(struct ctf_scanner *scanner, YYSTYPE *lvalp, const char *src, char delim);
+}
+
+%define api.pure
+	/* %locations */
+%error-verbose
+%parse-param {struct ctf_scanner *scanner}
+%parse-param {yyscan_t yyscanner}
+%lex-param {yyscan_t yyscanner}
+/*
+ * Expect two shift-reduce conflicts. Caused by enum name-opt : type {}
+ * vs struct { int :value; } (unnamed bit-field). The default is to
+ * shift, so whenever we encounter an enumeration, we are doing the
+ * proper thing (shift). It is illegal to declare an enumeration
+ * "bit-field", so it is OK if this situation ends up in a parsing
+ * error.
+ */
+%expect 2
+%start file
+%token CTF_INTEGER_LITERAL CTF_STRING_LITERAL CTF_CHARACTER_LITERAL CTF_LSBRAC CTF_RSBRAC CTF_LPAREN CTF_RPAREN CTF_LBRAC CTF_RBRAC CTF_RARROW CTF_STAR CTF_PLUS CTF_MINUS CTF_LT CTF_GT CTF_TYPEASSIGN CTF_COLON CTF_SEMICOLON CTF_DOTDOTDOT CTF_DOT CTF_EQUAL CTF_COMMA CTF_CONST CTF_CHAR CTF_DOUBLE CTF_ENUM CTF_ENV CTF_EVENT CTF_FLOATING_POINT CTF_FLOAT CTF_INTEGER CTF_INT CTF_LONG CTF_SHORT CTF_SIGNED CTF_STREAM CTF_STRING CTF_STRUCT CTF_TRACE CTF_CALLSITE CTF_CLOCK CTF_TYPEALIAS CTF_TYPEDEF CTF_UNSIGNED CTF_VARIANT CTF_VOID CTF_BOOL CTF_COMPLEX CTF_IMAGINARY CTF_TOK_ALIGN
+%token <s> IDENTIFIER ID_TYPE
+%token CTF_ERROR
+%union
+{
+	long long ll;
+	unsigned long long ull;
+	char c;
+	char *s;
+	struct ctf_node *n;
+}
+
+%type <s> CTF_STRING_LITERAL CTF_CHARACTER_LITERAL
+
+%type <s> keywords
+
+%type <ull> CTF_INTEGER_LITERAL
+%type <n> postfix_expression unary_expression unary_expression_or_range
+
+%type <n> declaration
+%type <n> event_declaration
+%type <n> stream_declaration
+%type <n> env_declaration
+%type <n> trace_declaration
+%type <n> clock_declaration
+%type <n> callsite_declaration
+%type <n> integer_declaration_specifiers
+%type <n> declaration_specifiers
+%type <n> alias_declaration_specifiers
+
+%type <n> field_class_declarator_list
+%type <n> integer_field_class_specifier
+%type <n> field_class_specifier
+%type <n> struct_class_specifier
+%type <n> variant_field_class_specifier
+%type <n> enum_field_class_specifier
+%type <n> struct_or_variant_declaration_list
+%type <n> struct_or_variant_declaration
+%type <n> struct_or_variant_declarator_list
+%type <n> struct_or_variant_declarator
+%type <n> enumerator_list
+%type <n> enumerator
+%type <n> abstract_declarator_list
+%type <n> abstract_declarator
+%type <n> direct_abstract_declarator
+%type <n> alias_abstract_declarator_list
+%type <n> alias_abstract_declarator
+%type <n> direct_alias_abstract_declarator
+%type <n> declarator
+%type <n> direct_declarator
+%type <n> field_class_declarator
+%type <n> direct_field_class_declarator
+%type <n> pointer
+%type <n> ctf_assignment_expression_list
+%type <n> ctf_assignment_expression
+
+%%
+
+file:
+		declaration
+		{
+			if (set_parent_node($1, &ctf_scanner_get_ast(scanner)->root))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "error reparenting to root");
+		}
+	|	file declaration
+		{
+			if (set_parent_node($2, &ctf_scanner_get_ast(scanner)->root))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "error reparenting to root");
+		}
+	;
+
+keywords:
+		CTF_VOID
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_CHAR
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_SHORT
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_INT
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_LONG
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_FLOAT
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_DOUBLE
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_SIGNED
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_UNSIGNED
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_BOOL
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_COMPLEX
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_IMAGINARY
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_FLOATING_POINT
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_INTEGER
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_STRING
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_ENUM
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_VARIANT
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_STRUCT
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_CONST
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_TYPEDEF
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_EVENT
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_STREAM
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_ENV
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_TRACE
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_CLOCK
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_CALLSITE
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	|	CTF_TOK_ALIGN
+		{	$$ = yylval.s;		}
+	;
+
+
+/* 2: Phrase structure grammar */
+
+postfix_expression:
+		IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_STRING;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.string = yylval.s;
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_STRING;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.string = yylval.s;
+		}
+	|	keywords
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_STRING;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.string = yylval.s;
+		}
+	|	CTF_INTEGER_LITERAL
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_UNSIGNED_CONSTANT;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.unsigned_constant = $1;
+		}
+	|	CTF_STRING_LITERAL
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_STRING;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.string = $1;
+		}
+	|	CTF_CHARACTER_LITERAL
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_STRING;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.string = $1;
+		}
+	|	CTF_LPAREN unary_expression CTF_RPAREN
+		{
+			$$ = $2;
+		}
+	|	postfix_expression CTF_LSBRAC unary_expression CTF_RSBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_SBRAC;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.sbrac_exp = $3;
+			bt_list_splice(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->tmp_head);
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($$)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	|	postfix_expression CTF_DOT IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_STRING;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.string = yylval.s;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.link = UNARY_DOTLINK;
+			bt_list_splice(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->tmp_head);
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($$)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	|	postfix_expression CTF_DOT ID_TYPE
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_STRING;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.string = yylval.s;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.link = UNARY_DOTLINK;
+			bt_list_splice(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->tmp_head);
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($$)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	|	postfix_expression CTF_DOT keywords
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_STRING;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.string = yylval.s;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.link = UNARY_DOTLINK;
+			bt_list_splice(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->tmp_head);
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($$)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	|	postfix_expression CTF_RARROW IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_STRING;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.string = yylval.s;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.link = UNARY_ARROWLINK;
+			bt_list_splice(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->tmp_head);
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($$)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	|	postfix_expression CTF_RARROW ID_TYPE
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_UNARY_EXPRESSION);
+			$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_STRING;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.u.string = yylval.s;
+			$$->u.unary_expression.link = UNARY_ARROWLINK;
+			bt_list_splice(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->tmp_head);
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($$)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	;
+
+unary_expression:
+		postfix_expression
+		{	$$ = $1;				}
+	|	CTF_PLUS postfix_expression
+		{
+			$$ = $2;
+			if ($$->u.unary_expression.type != UNARY_UNSIGNED_CONSTANT
+				&& $$->u.unary_expression.type != UNARY_SIGNED_CONSTANT) {
+				reparent_error(scanner, "expecting numeric constant");
+			}
+		}
+	|	CTF_MINUS postfix_expression
+		{
+			$$ = $2;
+			if ($$->u.unary_expression.type == UNARY_UNSIGNED_CONSTANT) {
+				$$->u.unary_expression.type = UNARY_SIGNED_CONSTANT;
+				$$->u.unary_expression.u.signed_constant =
+					-($$->u.unary_expression.u.unsigned_constant);
+			} else if ($$->u.unary_expression.type == UNARY_SIGNED_CONSTANT) {
+				$$->u.unary_expression.u.signed_constant =
+					-($$->u.unary_expression.u.signed_constant);
+			} else {
+				reparent_error(scanner, "expecting numeric constant");
+			}
+		}
+	;
+
+unary_expression_or_range:
+		unary_expression CTF_DOTDOTDOT unary_expression
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->tmp_head);
+			$3->u.unary_expression.link = UNARY_DOTDOTDOT;
+		}
+	|	unary_expression
+		{	$$ = $1;		}
+	;
+
+/* 2.2: Declarations */
+
+declaration:
+		declaration_specifiers CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	event_declaration
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	stream_declaration
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	env_declaration
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	trace_declaration
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	clock_declaration
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	callsite_declaration
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	declaration_specifiers CTF_TYPEDEF declaration_specifiers field_class_declarator_list CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEDEF);
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_def.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($1)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($4)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	|	CTF_TYPEDEF declaration_specifiers field_class_declarator_list CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEDEF);
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_def.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($2)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	|	declaration_specifiers CTF_TYPEDEF field_class_declarator_list CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEDEF);
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_def.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($1)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	|	CTF_TYPEALIAS declaration_specifiers abstract_declarator_list CTF_TYPEASSIGN alias_declaration_specifiers alias_abstract_declarator_list CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEALIAS);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.target = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.alias = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS);
+
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.target->u.field_class_alias_target.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($2)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_alias.target->u.field_class_alias_target.field_class_declarators);
+
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.alias->u.field_class_alias_name.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($5)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($6)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_alias.alias->u.field_class_alias_name.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	;
+
+event_declaration:
+		event_declaration_begin event_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_EVENT);
+		}
+	|	event_declaration_begin ctf_assignment_expression_list event_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_EVENT);
+			if (set_parent_node($2, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "event_declaration");
+		}
+	;
+
+event_declaration_begin:
+		CTF_EVENT CTF_LBRAC
+		{	push_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+event_declaration_end:
+		CTF_RBRAC CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{	pop_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+
+stream_declaration:
+		stream_declaration_begin stream_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STREAM);
+		}
+	|	stream_declaration_begin ctf_assignment_expression_list stream_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STREAM);
+			if (set_parent_node($2, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "stream_declaration");
+		}
+	;
+
+stream_declaration_begin:
+		CTF_STREAM CTF_LBRAC
+		{	push_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+stream_declaration_end:
+		CTF_RBRAC CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{	pop_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+env_declaration:
+		env_declaration_begin env_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENV);
+		}
+	|	env_declaration_begin ctf_assignment_expression_list env_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENV);
+			if (set_parent_node($2, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "env declaration");
+		}
+	;
+
+env_declaration_begin:
+		CTF_ENV CTF_LBRAC
+		{	push_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+env_declaration_end:
+		CTF_RBRAC CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{	pop_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+trace_declaration:
+		trace_declaration_begin trace_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TRACE);
+		}
+	|	trace_declaration_begin ctf_assignment_expression_list trace_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TRACE);
+			if (set_parent_node($2, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "trace_declaration");
+		}
+	;
+
+trace_declaration_begin:
+		CTF_TRACE CTF_LBRAC
+		{	push_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+trace_declaration_end:
+		CTF_RBRAC CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{	pop_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+clock_declaration:
+		CTF_CLOCK clock_declaration_begin clock_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_CLOCK);
+		}
+	|	CTF_CLOCK clock_declaration_begin ctf_assignment_expression_list clock_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_CLOCK);
+			if (set_parent_node($3, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "trace_declaration");
+		}
+	;
+
+clock_declaration_begin:
+		CTF_LBRAC
+		{	push_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+clock_declaration_end:
+		CTF_RBRAC CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{	pop_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+callsite_declaration:
+		CTF_CALLSITE callsite_declaration_begin callsite_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_CALLSITE);
+		}
+	|	CTF_CALLSITE callsite_declaration_begin ctf_assignment_expression_list callsite_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_CALLSITE);
+			if (set_parent_node($3, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "trace_declaration");
+		}
+	;
+
+callsite_declaration_begin:
+		CTF_LBRAC
+		{	push_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+callsite_declaration_end:
+		CTF_RBRAC CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{	pop_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+integer_declaration_specifiers:
+		CTF_CONST
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			node = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			node->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_CONST;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	integer_field_class_specifier
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			node = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	integer_declaration_specifiers CTF_CONST
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			$$ = $1;
+			node = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			node->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_CONST;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	integer_declaration_specifiers integer_field_class_specifier
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($2)->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	;
+
+declaration_specifiers:
+		CTF_CONST
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			node = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			node->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_CONST;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	field_class_specifier
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			node = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	declaration_specifiers CTF_CONST
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			$$ = $1;
+			node = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			node->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_CONST;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	declaration_specifiers field_class_specifier
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($2)->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	;
+
+field_class_declarator_list:
+		field_class_declarator
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	field_class_declarator_list CTF_COMMA field_class_declarator
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($3)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	;
+
+integer_field_class_specifier:
+		CTF_CHAR
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_CHAR;
+		}
+	|	CTF_SHORT
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_SHORT;
+		}
+	|	CTF_INT
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_INT;
+		}
+	|	CTF_LONG
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_LONG;
+		}
+	|	CTF_SIGNED
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_SIGNED;
+		}
+	|	CTF_UNSIGNED
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_UNSIGNED;
+		}
+	|	CTF_BOOL
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_BOOL;
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_ID_TYPE;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.id_type = yylval.s;
+		}
+	|	CTF_INTEGER CTF_LBRAC CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_INTEGER;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = make_node(scanner, NODE_INTEGER);
+		}
+	|	CTF_INTEGER CTF_LBRAC ctf_assignment_expression_list CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_INTEGER;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = make_node(scanner, NODE_INTEGER);
+			if (set_parent_node($3, $$->u.field_class_specifier.node))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "integer reparent error");
+		}
+	;
+
+field_class_specifier:
+		CTF_VOID
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_VOID;
+		}
+	|	CTF_CHAR
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_CHAR;
+		}
+	|	CTF_SHORT
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_SHORT;
+		}
+	|	CTF_INT
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_INT;
+		}
+	|	CTF_LONG
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_LONG;
+		}
+	|	CTF_FLOAT
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_FLOAT;
+		}
+	|	CTF_DOUBLE
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_DOUBLE;
+		}
+	|	CTF_SIGNED
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_SIGNED;
+		}
+	|	CTF_UNSIGNED
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_UNSIGNED;
+		}
+	|	CTF_BOOL
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_BOOL;
+		}
+	|	CTF_COMPLEX
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_COMPLEX;
+		}
+	|	CTF_IMAGINARY
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_IMAGINARY;
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_ID_TYPE;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.id_type = yylval.s;
+		}
+	|	CTF_FLOATING_POINT CTF_LBRAC CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_FLOATING_POINT;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = make_node(scanner, NODE_FLOATING_POINT);
+		}
+	|	CTF_FLOATING_POINT CTF_LBRAC ctf_assignment_expression_list CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_FLOATING_POINT;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = make_node(scanner, NODE_FLOATING_POINT);
+			if (set_parent_node($3, $$->u.field_class_specifier.node))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "floating point reparent error");
+		}
+	|	CTF_INTEGER CTF_LBRAC CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_INTEGER;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = make_node(scanner, NODE_INTEGER);
+		}
+	|	CTF_INTEGER CTF_LBRAC ctf_assignment_expression_list CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_INTEGER;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = make_node(scanner, NODE_INTEGER);
+			if (set_parent_node($3, $$->u.field_class_specifier.node))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "integer reparent error");
+		}
+	|	CTF_STRING
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_STRING;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRING);
+		}
+	|	CTF_STRING CTF_LBRAC CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_STRING;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRING);
+		}
+	|	CTF_STRING CTF_LBRAC ctf_assignment_expression_list CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_STRING;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRING);
+			if (set_parent_node($3, $$->u.field_class_specifier.node))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "string reparent error");
+		}
+	|	CTF_ENUM enum_field_class_specifier
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_ENUM;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = $2;
+		}
+	|	CTF_VARIANT variant_field_class_specifier
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_VARIANT;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = $2;
+		}
+	|	CTF_STRUCT struct_class_specifier
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_STRUCT;
+			$$->u.field_class_specifier.node = $2;
+		}
+	;
+
+struct_class_specifier:
+		struct_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list struct_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRUCT);
+			$$->u._struct.has_body = 1;
+			if ($2 && set_parent_node($2, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "struct reparent error");
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER struct_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list struct_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRUCT);
+			$$->u._struct.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._struct.name = $1;
+			if ($3 && set_parent_node($3, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "struct reparent error");
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE struct_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list struct_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRUCT);
+			$$->u._struct.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._struct.name = $1;
+			if ($3 && set_parent_node($3, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "struct reparent error");
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRUCT);
+			$$->u._struct.has_body = 0;
+			$$->u._struct.name = $1;
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRUCT);
+			$$->u._struct.has_body = 0;
+			$$->u._struct.name = $1;
+		}
+	|	struct_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list struct_declaration_end CTF_TOK_ALIGN CTF_LPAREN unary_expression CTF_RPAREN
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRUCT);
+			$$->u._struct.has_body = 1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($6)->siblings, &$$->u._struct.min_align);
+			if ($2 && set_parent_node($2, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "struct reparent error");
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER struct_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list struct_declaration_end CTF_TOK_ALIGN CTF_LPAREN unary_expression CTF_RPAREN
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRUCT);
+			$$->u._struct.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._struct.name = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($7)->siblings, &$$->u._struct.min_align);
+			if ($3 && set_parent_node($3, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "struct reparent error");
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE struct_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list struct_declaration_end CTF_TOK_ALIGN CTF_LPAREN unary_expression CTF_RPAREN
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRUCT);
+			$$->u._struct.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._struct.name = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($7)->siblings, &$$->u._struct.min_align);
+			if ($3 && set_parent_node($3, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "struct reparent error");
+		}
+	;
+
+struct_declaration_begin:
+		CTF_LBRAC
+		{	push_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+struct_declaration_end:
+		CTF_RBRAC
+		{	pop_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+variant_field_class_specifier:
+		variant_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list variant_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 1;
+			if ($2 && set_parent_node($2, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "variant reparent error");
+		}
+	|	CTF_LT IDENTIFIER CTF_GT variant_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list variant_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u.variant.choice = $2;
+			if ($5 && set_parent_node($5, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "variant reparent error");
+		}
+	|	CTF_LT ID_TYPE CTF_GT variant_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list variant_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u.variant.choice = $2;
+			if ($5 && set_parent_node($5, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "variant reparent error");
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER variant_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list variant_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u.variant.name = $1;
+			if ($3 && set_parent_node($3, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "variant reparent error");
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER CTF_LT IDENTIFIER CTF_GT variant_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list variant_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u.variant.name = $1;
+			$$->u.variant.choice = $3;
+			if ($6 && set_parent_node($6, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "variant reparent error");
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER CTF_LT IDENTIFIER CTF_GT
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 0;
+			$$->u.variant.name = $1;
+			$$->u.variant.choice = $3;
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER CTF_LT ID_TYPE CTF_GT variant_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list variant_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u.variant.name = $1;
+			$$->u.variant.choice = $3;
+			if ($6 && set_parent_node($6, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "variant reparent error");
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER CTF_LT ID_TYPE CTF_GT
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 0;
+			$$->u.variant.name = $1;
+			$$->u.variant.choice = $3;
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE variant_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list variant_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u.variant.name = $1;
+			if ($3 && set_parent_node($3, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "variant reparent error");
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE CTF_LT IDENTIFIER CTF_GT variant_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list variant_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u.variant.name = $1;
+			$$->u.variant.choice = $3;
+			if ($6 && set_parent_node($6, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "variant reparent error");
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE CTF_LT IDENTIFIER CTF_GT
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 0;
+			$$->u.variant.name = $1;
+			$$->u.variant.choice = $3;
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE CTF_LT ID_TYPE CTF_GT variant_declaration_begin struct_or_variant_declaration_list variant_declaration_end
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u.variant.name = $1;
+			$$->u.variant.choice = $3;
+			if ($6 && set_parent_node($6, $$))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "variant reparent error");
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE CTF_LT ID_TYPE CTF_GT
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_VARIANT);
+			$$->u.variant.has_body = 0;
+			$$->u.variant.name = $1;
+			$$->u.variant.choice = $3;
+		}
+	;
+
+variant_declaration_begin:
+		CTF_LBRAC
+		{	push_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+variant_declaration_end:
+		CTF_RBRAC
+		{	pop_scope(scanner);	}
+	;
+
+enum_field_class_specifier:
+		CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($2)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	CTF_COLON integer_declaration_specifiers CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			($$)->u._enum.container_field_class = $2;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($4)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._enum.enum_id = $1;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER CTF_COLON integer_declaration_specifiers CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._enum.enum_id = $1;
+			($$)->u._enum.container_field_class = $3;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($5)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._enum.enum_id = $1;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE CTF_COLON integer_declaration_specifiers CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._enum.enum_id = $1;
+			($$)->u._enum.container_field_class = $3;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($5)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_COMMA CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($2)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	CTF_COLON integer_declaration_specifiers CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_COMMA CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			($$)->u._enum.container_field_class = $2;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($4)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_COMMA CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._enum.enum_id = $1;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER CTF_COLON integer_declaration_specifiers CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_COMMA CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._enum.enum_id = $1;
+			($$)->u._enum.container_field_class = $3;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($5)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 0;
+			$$->u._enum.enum_id = $1;
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_COMMA CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._enum.enum_id = $1;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE CTF_COLON integer_declaration_specifiers CTF_LBRAC enumerator_list CTF_COMMA CTF_RBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 1;
+			$$->u._enum.enum_id = $1;
+			($$)->u._enum.container_field_class = $3;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($5)->tmp_head, &($$)->u._enum.enumerator_list);
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUM);
+			$$->u._enum.has_body = 0;
+			$$->u._enum.enum_id = $1;
+		}
+	;
+
+struct_or_variant_declaration_list:
+		/* empty */
+		{	$$ = NULL;	}
+	|	struct_or_variant_declaration_list struct_or_variant_declaration
+		{
+			if ($1) {
+				$$ = $1;
+				bt_list_add_tail(&($2)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+			} else {
+				$$ = $2;
+				bt_list_add_tail(&($$)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+			}
+		}
+	;
+
+struct_or_variant_declaration:
+		declaration_specifiers struct_or_variant_declarator_list CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($1)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_STRUCT_OR_VARIANT_DECLARATION);
+			($$)->u.struct_or_variant_declaration.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($2)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.struct_or_variant_declaration.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	|	declaration_specifiers CTF_TYPEDEF declaration_specifiers field_class_declarator_list CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEDEF);
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_def.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($1)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($4)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	|	CTF_TYPEDEF declaration_specifiers field_class_declarator_list CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEDEF);
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_def.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($2)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	|	declaration_specifiers CTF_TYPEDEF field_class_declarator_list CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($1)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEDEF);
+			($$)->u.struct_or_variant_declaration.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	|	CTF_TYPEALIAS declaration_specifiers abstract_declarator_list CTF_TYPEASSIGN alias_declaration_specifiers alias_abstract_declarator_list CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEALIAS);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.target = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.alias = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS);
+
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.target->u.field_class_alias_target.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($2)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_alias.target->u.field_class_alias_target.field_class_declarators);
+
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.alias->u.field_class_alias_name.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($5)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($6)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_alias.alias->u.field_class_alias_name.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	;
+
+alias_declaration_specifiers:
+		CTF_CONST
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			node = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			node->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_CONST;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	field_class_specifier
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			node = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			add_type(scanner, $1);
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			node = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			node->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_ID_TYPE;
+			node->u.field_class_specifier.id_type = yylval.s;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	alias_declaration_specifiers CTF_CONST
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			$$ = $1;
+			node = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			node->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_CONST;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	alias_declaration_specifiers field_class_specifier
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($2)->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	|	alias_declaration_specifiers IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *node;
+
+			add_type(scanner, $2);
+			$$ = $1;
+			node = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER);
+			node->u.field_class_specifier.type = TYPESPEC_ID_TYPE;
+			node->u.field_class_specifier.id_type = yylval.s;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&node->siblings, &($$)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+		}
+	;
+
+struct_or_variant_declarator_list:
+		struct_or_variant_declarator
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	struct_or_variant_declarator_list CTF_COMMA struct_or_variant_declarator
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($3)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	;
+
+struct_or_variant_declarator:
+		declarator
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	CTF_COLON unary_expression
+		{	$$ = $2;	}
+	|	declarator CTF_COLON unary_expression
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			if (set_parent_node($3, $1))
+				reparent_error(scanner, "struct_or_variant_declarator");
+		}
+	;
+
+enumerator_list:
+		enumerator
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	enumerator_list CTF_COMMA enumerator
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($3)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	;
+
+enumerator:
+		IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUMERATOR);
+			$$->u.enumerator.id = $1;
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUMERATOR);
+			$$->u.enumerator.id = $1;
+		}
+	|	keywords
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUMERATOR);
+			$$->u.enumerator.id = $1;
+		}
+	|	CTF_STRING_LITERAL
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUMERATOR);
+			$$->u.enumerator.id = $1;
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER CTF_EQUAL unary_expression_or_range
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUMERATOR);
+			$$->u.enumerator.id = $1;
+			bt_list_splice(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.enumerator.values);
+		}
+	|	ID_TYPE CTF_EQUAL unary_expression_or_range
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUMERATOR);
+			$$->u.enumerator.id = $1;
+			bt_list_splice(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.enumerator.values);
+		}
+	|	keywords CTF_EQUAL unary_expression_or_range
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUMERATOR);
+			$$->u.enumerator.id = $1;
+			bt_list_splice(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.enumerator.values);
+		}
+	|	CTF_STRING_LITERAL CTF_EQUAL unary_expression_or_range
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_ENUMERATOR);
+			$$->u.enumerator.id = $1;
+			bt_list_splice(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.enumerator.values);
+		}
+	;
+
+abstract_declarator_list:
+		abstract_declarator
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	abstract_declarator_list CTF_COMMA abstract_declarator
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($3)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	;
+
+abstract_declarator:
+		direct_abstract_declarator
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	pointer direct_abstract_declarator
+		{
+			$$ = $2;
+			bt_list_splice(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_declarator.pointers);
+		}
+	;
+
+direct_abstract_declarator:
+		/* empty */
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+                        $$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_ID;
+			/* id is NULL */
+		}
+	|	IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_ID;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.id = $1;
+		}
+	|	CTF_LPAREN abstract_declarator CTF_RPAREN
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = $2;
+		}
+	|	direct_abstract_declarator CTF_LSBRAC unary_expression CTF_RSBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = $1;
+			BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&($$)->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.length);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.length);
+		}
+	|	direct_abstract_declarator CTF_LSBRAC CTF_RSBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = $1;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.abstract_array = 1;
+		}
+	;
+
+alias_abstract_declarator_list:
+		alias_abstract_declarator
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	alias_abstract_declarator_list CTF_COMMA alias_abstract_declarator
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($3)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	;
+
+alias_abstract_declarator:
+		direct_alias_abstract_declarator
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	pointer direct_alias_abstract_declarator
+		{
+			$$ = $2;
+			bt_list_splice(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_declarator.pointers);
+		}
+	;
+
+direct_alias_abstract_declarator:
+		/* empty */
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+                        $$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_ID;
+			/* id is NULL */
+		}
+	|	CTF_LPAREN alias_abstract_declarator CTF_RPAREN
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = $2;
+		}
+	|	direct_alias_abstract_declarator CTF_LSBRAC unary_expression CTF_RSBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = $1;
+			BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&($$)->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.length);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.length);
+		}
+	|	direct_alias_abstract_declarator CTF_LSBRAC CTF_RSBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = $1;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.abstract_array = 1;
+		}
+	;
+
+declarator:
+		direct_declarator
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	pointer direct_declarator
+		{
+			$$ = $2;
+			bt_list_splice(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_declarator.pointers);
+		}
+	;
+
+direct_declarator:
+		IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_ID;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.id = $1;
+		}
+	|	CTF_LPAREN declarator CTF_RPAREN
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = $2;
+		}
+	|	direct_declarator CTF_LSBRAC unary_expression CTF_RSBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = $1;
+			BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&($$)->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.length);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.length);
+		}
+	;
+
+field_class_declarator:
+		direct_field_class_declarator
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	pointer direct_field_class_declarator
+		{
+			$$ = $2;
+			bt_list_splice(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_declarator.pointers);
+		}
+	;
+
+direct_field_class_declarator:
+		IDENTIFIER
+		{
+			add_type(scanner, $1);
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_ID;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.id = $1;
+		}
+	|	CTF_LPAREN field_class_declarator CTF_RPAREN
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = $2;
+		}
+	|	direct_field_class_declarator CTF_LSBRAC unary_expression CTF_RSBRAC
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_DECLARATOR);
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.type = TYPEDEC_NESTED;
+			$$->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.field_class_declarator = $1;
+			BT_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&($$)->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.length);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_declarator.u.nested.length);
+		}
+	;
+
+pointer:
+		CTF_STAR
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_POINTER);
+		}
+	|	CTF_STAR pointer
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_POINTER);
+			bt_list_splice(&($2)->tmp_head, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	|	CTF_STAR type_qualifier_list pointer
+		{
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_POINTER);
+			$$->u.pointer.const_qualifier = 1;
+			bt_list_splice(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	;
+
+type_qualifier_list:
+		/* pointer assumes only const type qualifier */
+		CTF_CONST
+	|	type_qualifier_list CTF_CONST
+	;
+
+/* 2.3: CTF-specific declarations */
+
+ctf_assignment_expression_list:
+		ctf_assignment_expression CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{	$$ = $1;	}
+	|	ctf_assignment_expression_list ctf_assignment_expression CTF_SEMICOLON
+		{
+			$$ = $1;
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($2)->siblings, &($$)->tmp_head);
+		}
+	;
+
+ctf_assignment_expression:
+		unary_expression CTF_EQUAL unary_expression
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Because we have left and right, cannot use
+			 * set_parent_node.
+			 */
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_CTF_EXPRESSION);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.ctf_expression.left);
+			if ($1->u.unary_expression.type != UNARY_STRING)
+				reparent_error(scanner, "ctf_assignment_expression left expects string");
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.ctf_expression.right);
+		}
+	|	unary_expression CTF_TYPEASSIGN declaration_specifiers	/* Only allow struct */
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Because we have left and right, cannot use
+			 * set_parent_node.
+			 */
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_CTF_EXPRESSION);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($1)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.ctf_expression.left);
+			if ($1->u.unary_expression.type != UNARY_STRING)
+				reparent_error(scanner, "ctf_assignment_expression left expects string");
+			bt_list_add_tail(&($3)->siblings, &($$)->u.ctf_expression.right);
+		}
+	|	declaration_specifiers CTF_TYPEDEF declaration_specifiers field_class_declarator_list
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($1)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEDEF);
+			($$)->u.struct_or_variant_declaration.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($4)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	|	CTF_TYPEDEF declaration_specifiers field_class_declarator_list
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEDEF);
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_def.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($2)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	|	declaration_specifiers CTF_TYPEDEF field_class_declarator_list
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($1)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEDEF);
+			($$)->u.struct_or_variant_declaration.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_def.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	|	CTF_TYPEALIAS declaration_specifiers abstract_declarator_list CTF_TYPEASSIGN alias_declaration_specifiers alias_abstract_declarator_list
+		{
+			struct ctf_node *list;
+
+			$$ = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEALIAS);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.target = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEALIAS_TARGET);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.alias = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPEALIAS_ALIAS);
+
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.target->u.field_class_alias_target.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($2)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($3)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_alias.target->u.field_class_alias_target.field_class_declarators);
+
+			list = make_node(scanner, NODE_TYPE_SPECIFIER_LIST);
+			$$->u.field_class_alias.alias->u.field_class_alias_name.field_class_specifier_list = list;
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($5)->u.field_class_specifier_list.head, &list->u.field_class_specifier_list.head);
+			_bt_list_splice_tail(&($6)->tmp_head, &($$)->u.field_class_alias.alias->u.field_class_alias_name.field_class_declarators);
+		}
+	;