2 * linux/fs/ext4/page-io.c
4 * This contains the new page_io functions for ext4
6 * Written by Theodore Ts'o, 2010.
10 #include <linux/time.h>
11 #include <linux/highuid.h>
12 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
13 #include <linux/quotaops.h>
14 #include <linux/string.h>
15 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
16 #include <linux/writeback.h>
17 #include <linux/pagevec.h>
18 #include <linux/mpage.h>
19 #include <linux/namei.h>
20 #include <linux/uio.h>
21 #include <linux/bio.h>
22 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
23 #include <linux/kernel.h>
24 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include "ext4_jbd2.h"
31 static struct kmem_cache
*io_end_cachep
;
33 int __init
ext4_init_pageio(void)
35 io_end_cachep
= KMEM_CACHE(ext4_io_end
, SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT
);
36 if (io_end_cachep
== NULL
)
41 void ext4_exit_pageio(void)
43 kmem_cache_destroy(io_end_cachep
);
47 * Print an buffer I/O error compatible with the fs/buffer.c. This
48 * provides compatibility with dmesg scrapers that look for a specific
49 * buffer I/O error message. We really need a unified error reporting
50 * structure to userspace ala Digital Unix's uerf system, but it's
51 * probably not going to happen in my lifetime, due to LKML politics...
53 static void buffer_io_error(struct buffer_head
*bh
)
55 printk_ratelimited(KERN_ERR
"Buffer I/O error on device %pg, logical block %llu\n",
57 (unsigned long long)bh
->b_blocknr
);
60 static void ext4_finish_bio(struct bio
*bio
)
65 bio_for_each_segment_all(bvec
, bio
, i
) {
66 struct page
*page
= bvec
->bv_page
;
67 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_ENCRYPTION
68 struct page
*data_page
= NULL
;
69 struct ext4_crypto_ctx
*ctx
= NULL
;
71 struct buffer_head
*bh
, *head
;
72 unsigned bio_start
= bvec
->bv_offset
;
73 unsigned bio_end
= bio_start
+ bvec
->bv_len
;
74 unsigned under_io
= 0;
80 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_ENCRYPTION
82 /* The bounce data pages are unmapped. */
84 ctx
= (struct ext4_crypto_ctx
*)page_private(data_page
);
85 page
= ctx
->w
.control_page
;
91 set_bit(AS_EIO
, &page
->mapping
->flags
);
93 bh
= head
= page_buffers(page
);
95 * We check all buffers in the page under BH_Uptodate_Lock
96 * to avoid races with other end io clearing async_write flags
98 local_irq_save(flags
);
99 bit_spin_lock(BH_Uptodate_Lock
, &head
->b_state
);
101 if (bh_offset(bh
) < bio_start
||
102 bh_offset(bh
) + bh
->b_size
> bio_end
) {
103 if (buffer_async_write(bh
))
107 clear_buffer_async_write(bh
);
110 } while ((bh
= bh
->b_this_page
) != head
);
111 bit_spin_unlock(BH_Uptodate_Lock
, &head
->b_state
);
112 local_irq_restore(flags
);
114 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_ENCRYPTION
116 ext4_restore_control_page(data_page
);
118 end_page_writeback(page
);
123 static void ext4_release_io_end(ext4_io_end_t
*io_end
)
125 struct bio
*bio
, *next_bio
;
127 BUG_ON(!list_empty(&io_end
->list
));
128 BUG_ON(io_end
->flag
& EXT4_IO_END_UNWRITTEN
);
129 WARN_ON(io_end
->handle
);
131 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&EXT4_I(io_end
->inode
)->i_ioend_count
))
132 wake_up_all(ext4_ioend_wq(io_end
->inode
));
134 for (bio
= io_end
->bio
; bio
; bio
= next_bio
) {
135 next_bio
= bio
->bi_private
;
136 ext4_finish_bio(bio
);
139 kmem_cache_free(io_end_cachep
, io_end
);
142 static void ext4_clear_io_unwritten_flag(ext4_io_end_t
*io_end
)
144 struct inode
*inode
= io_end
->inode
;
146 io_end
->flag
&= ~EXT4_IO_END_UNWRITTEN
;
147 /* Wake up anyone waiting on unwritten extent conversion */
148 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_unwritten
))
149 wake_up_all(ext4_ioend_wq(inode
));
153 * Check a range of space and convert unwritten extents to written. Note that
154 * we are protected from truncate touching same part of extent tree by the
155 * fact that truncate code waits for all DIO to finish (thus exclusion from
156 * direct IO is achieved) and also waits for PageWriteback bits. Thus we
157 * cannot get to ext4_ext_truncate() before all IOs overlapping that range are
158 * completed (happens from ext4_free_ioend()).
160 static int ext4_end_io(ext4_io_end_t
*io
)
162 struct inode
*inode
= io
->inode
;
163 loff_t offset
= io
->offset
;
164 ssize_t size
= io
->size
;
165 handle_t
*handle
= io
->handle
;
168 ext4_debug("ext4_end_io_nolock: io 0x%p from inode %lu,list->next 0x%p,"
170 io
, inode
->i_ino
, io
->list
.next
, io
->list
.prev
);
172 io
->handle
= NULL
; /* Following call will use up the handle */
173 ret
= ext4_convert_unwritten_extents(handle
, inode
, offset
, size
);
175 ext4_msg(inode
->i_sb
, KERN_EMERG
,
176 "failed to convert unwritten extents to written "
177 "extents -- potential data loss! "
178 "(inode %lu, offset %llu, size %zd, error %d)",
179 inode
->i_ino
, offset
, size
, ret
);
181 ext4_clear_io_unwritten_flag(io
);
182 ext4_release_io_end(io
);
186 static void dump_completed_IO(struct inode
*inode
, struct list_head
*head
)
189 struct list_head
*cur
, *before
, *after
;
190 ext4_io_end_t
*io
, *io0
, *io1
;
192 if (list_empty(head
))
195 ext4_debug("Dump inode %lu completed io list\n", inode
->i_ino
);
196 list_for_each_entry(io
, head
, list
) {
199 io0
= container_of(before
, ext4_io_end_t
, list
);
201 io1
= container_of(after
, ext4_io_end_t
, list
);
203 ext4_debug("io 0x%p from inode %lu,prev 0x%p,next 0x%p\n",
204 io
, inode
->i_ino
, io0
, io1
);
209 /* Add the io_end to per-inode completed end_io list. */
210 static void ext4_add_complete_io(ext4_io_end_t
*io_end
)
212 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
= EXT4_I(io_end
->inode
);
213 struct ext4_sb_info
*sbi
= EXT4_SB(io_end
->inode
->i_sb
);
214 struct workqueue_struct
*wq
;
217 /* Only reserved conversions from writeback should enter here */
218 WARN_ON(!(io_end
->flag
& EXT4_IO_END_UNWRITTEN
));
219 WARN_ON(!io_end
->handle
&& sbi
->s_journal
);
220 spin_lock_irqsave(&ei
->i_completed_io_lock
, flags
);
221 wq
= sbi
->rsv_conversion_wq
;
222 if (list_empty(&ei
->i_rsv_conversion_list
))
223 queue_work(wq
, &ei
->i_rsv_conversion_work
);
224 list_add_tail(&io_end
->list
, &ei
->i_rsv_conversion_list
);
225 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ei
->i_completed_io_lock
, flags
);
228 static int ext4_do_flush_completed_IO(struct inode
*inode
,
229 struct list_head
*head
)
232 struct list_head unwritten
;
234 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
= EXT4_I(inode
);
237 spin_lock_irqsave(&ei
->i_completed_io_lock
, flags
);
238 dump_completed_IO(inode
, head
);
239 list_replace_init(head
, &unwritten
);
240 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ei
->i_completed_io_lock
, flags
);
242 while (!list_empty(&unwritten
)) {
243 io
= list_entry(unwritten
.next
, ext4_io_end_t
, list
);
244 BUG_ON(!(io
->flag
& EXT4_IO_END_UNWRITTEN
));
245 list_del_init(&io
->list
);
247 err
= ext4_end_io(io
);
248 if (unlikely(!ret
&& err
))
255 * work on completed IO, to convert unwritten extents to extents
257 void ext4_end_io_rsv_work(struct work_struct
*work
)
259 struct ext4_inode_info
*ei
= container_of(work
, struct ext4_inode_info
,
260 i_rsv_conversion_work
);
261 ext4_do_flush_completed_IO(&ei
->vfs_inode
, &ei
->i_rsv_conversion_list
);
264 ext4_io_end_t
*ext4_init_io_end(struct inode
*inode
, gfp_t flags
)
266 ext4_io_end_t
*io
= kmem_cache_zalloc(io_end_cachep
, flags
);
268 atomic_inc(&EXT4_I(inode
)->i_ioend_count
);
270 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&io
->list
);
271 atomic_set(&io
->count
, 1);
276 void ext4_put_io_end_defer(ext4_io_end_t
*io_end
)
278 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&io_end
->count
)) {
279 if (!(io_end
->flag
& EXT4_IO_END_UNWRITTEN
) || !io_end
->size
) {
280 ext4_release_io_end(io_end
);
283 ext4_add_complete_io(io_end
);
287 int ext4_put_io_end(ext4_io_end_t
*io_end
)
291 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&io_end
->count
)) {
292 if (io_end
->flag
& EXT4_IO_END_UNWRITTEN
) {
293 err
= ext4_convert_unwritten_extents(io_end
->handle
,
294 io_end
->inode
, io_end
->offset
,
296 io_end
->handle
= NULL
;
297 ext4_clear_io_unwritten_flag(io_end
);
299 ext4_release_io_end(io_end
);
304 ext4_io_end_t
*ext4_get_io_end(ext4_io_end_t
*io_end
)
306 atomic_inc(&io_end
->count
);
310 /* BIO completion function for page writeback */
311 static void ext4_end_bio(struct bio
*bio
)
313 ext4_io_end_t
*io_end
= bio
->bi_private
;
314 sector_t bi_sector
= bio
->bi_iter
.bi_sector
;
317 bio
->bi_end_io
= NULL
;
320 struct inode
*inode
= io_end
->inode
;
322 ext4_warning(inode
->i_sb
, "I/O error %d writing to inode %lu "
323 "(offset %llu size %ld starting block %llu)",
324 bio
->bi_error
, inode
->i_ino
,
325 (unsigned long long) io_end
->offset
,
328 bi_sector
>> (inode
->i_blkbits
- 9));
329 mapping_set_error(inode
->i_mapping
, bio
->bi_error
);
332 if (io_end
->flag
& EXT4_IO_END_UNWRITTEN
) {
334 * Link bio into list hanging from io_end. We have to do it
335 * atomically as bio completions can be racing against each
338 bio
->bi_private
= xchg(&io_end
->bio
, bio
);
339 ext4_put_io_end_defer(io_end
);
342 * Drop io_end reference early. Inode can get freed once
345 ext4_put_io_end_defer(io_end
);
346 ext4_finish_bio(bio
);
351 void ext4_io_submit(struct ext4_io_submit
*io
)
353 struct bio
*bio
= io
->io_bio
;
356 int io_op
= io
->io_wbc
->sync_mode
== WB_SYNC_ALL
?
359 submit_bio(io_op
, io
->io_bio
);
365 void ext4_io_submit_init(struct ext4_io_submit
*io
,
366 struct writeback_control
*wbc
)
373 static int io_submit_init_bio(struct ext4_io_submit
*io
,
374 struct buffer_head
*bh
)
378 bio
= bio_alloc(GFP_NOIO
, BIO_MAX_PAGES
);
381 wbc_init_bio(io
->io_wbc
, bio
);
382 bio
->bi_iter
.bi_sector
= bh
->b_blocknr
* (bh
->b_size
>> 9);
383 bio
->bi_bdev
= bh
->b_bdev
;
384 bio
->bi_end_io
= ext4_end_bio
;
385 bio
->bi_private
= ext4_get_io_end(io
->io_end
);
387 io
->io_next_block
= bh
->b_blocknr
;
391 static int io_submit_add_bh(struct ext4_io_submit
*io
,
394 struct buffer_head
*bh
)
398 if (io
->io_bio
&& bh
->b_blocknr
!= io
->io_next_block
) {
402 if (io
->io_bio
== NULL
) {
403 ret
= io_submit_init_bio(io
, bh
);
407 ret
= bio_add_page(io
->io_bio
, page
, bh
->b_size
, bh_offset(bh
));
408 if (ret
!= bh
->b_size
)
409 goto submit_and_retry
;
410 wbc_account_io(io
->io_wbc
, page
, bh
->b_size
);
415 int ext4_bio_write_page(struct ext4_io_submit
*io
,
418 struct writeback_control
*wbc
,
421 struct page
*data_page
= NULL
;
422 struct inode
*inode
= page
->mapping
->host
;
423 unsigned block_start
, blocksize
;
424 struct buffer_head
*bh
, *head
;
426 int nr_submitted
= 0;
427 int nr_to_submit
= 0;
429 blocksize
= 1 << inode
->i_blkbits
;
431 BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page
));
432 BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page
));
435 set_page_writeback_keepwrite(page
);
437 set_page_writeback(page
);
438 ClearPageError(page
);
441 * Comments copied from block_write_full_page:
443 * The page straddles i_size. It must be zeroed out on each and every
444 * writepage invocation because it may be mmapped. "A file is mapped
445 * in multiples of the page size. For a file that is not a multiple of
446 * the page size, the remaining memory is zeroed when mapped, and
447 * writes to that region are not written out to the file."
449 if (len
< PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
)
450 zero_user_segment(page
, len
, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
);
452 * In the first loop we prepare and mark buffers to submit. We have to
453 * mark all buffers in the page before submitting so that
454 * end_page_writeback() cannot be called from ext4_bio_end_io() when IO
455 * on the first buffer finishes and we are still working on submitting
458 bh
= head
= page_buffers(page
);
460 block_start
= bh_offset(bh
);
461 if (block_start
>= len
) {
462 clear_buffer_dirty(bh
);
463 set_buffer_uptodate(bh
);
466 if (!buffer_dirty(bh
) || buffer_delay(bh
) ||
467 !buffer_mapped(bh
) || buffer_unwritten(bh
)) {
468 /* A hole? We can safely clear the dirty bit */
469 if (!buffer_mapped(bh
))
470 clear_buffer_dirty(bh
);
475 if (buffer_new(bh
)) {
476 clear_buffer_new(bh
);
477 unmap_underlying_metadata(bh
->b_bdev
, bh
->b_blocknr
);
479 set_buffer_async_write(bh
);
481 } while ((bh
= bh
->b_this_page
) != head
);
483 bh
= head
= page_buffers(page
);
485 if (ext4_encrypted_inode(inode
) && S_ISREG(inode
->i_mode
) &&
487 data_page
= ext4_encrypt(inode
, page
);
488 if (IS_ERR(data_page
)) {
489 ret
= PTR_ERR(data_page
);
495 /* Now submit buffers to write */
497 if (!buffer_async_write(bh
))
499 ret
= io_submit_add_bh(io
, inode
,
500 data_page
? data_page
: page
, bh
);
503 * We only get here on ENOMEM. Not much else
504 * we can do but mark the page as dirty, and
505 * better luck next time.
510 clear_buffer_dirty(bh
);
511 } while ((bh
= bh
->b_this_page
) != head
);
513 /* Error stopped previous loop? Clean up buffers... */
517 ext4_restore_control_page(data_page
);
518 printk_ratelimited(KERN_ERR
"%s: ret = %d\n", __func__
, ret
);
519 redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc
, page
);
521 clear_buffer_async_write(bh
);
522 bh
= bh
->b_this_page
;
523 } while (bh
!= head
);
526 /* Nothing submitted - we have to end page writeback */
528 end_page_writeback(page
);
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